CN102613175A - Exogenous additive and method for improving drought resistance of agrostis stolonifera L. lawn grass - Google Patents
Exogenous additive and method for improving drought resistance of agrostis stolonifera L. lawn grass Download PDFInfo
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- CN102613175A CN102613175A CN2012100639904A CN201210063990A CN102613175A CN 102613175 A CN102613175 A CN 102613175A CN 2012100639904 A CN2012100639904 A CN 2012100639904A CN 201210063990 A CN201210063990 A CN 201210063990A CN 102613175 A CN102613175 A CN 102613175A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an exogenous additive and method for improving drought resistance of agrostis stolonifera L. lawn grass. The main component of the exogenous additive is spermidine. The invention simultaneously discloses a method for improving drought resistance of agrostis stolonifera L. lawn grass. The method is characterized in that in the evening, a spermidine solution is fully sprayed onto the leaf surfaces uniformly until liquid on the leaf surfaces drops; and the spermidine solution is continuously sprayed three times, every two days a time. The exogenous additive has the characteristics of short duration, high effect taking speed and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the environmental greening technical field, be specifically related to a kind of external source additive and method that improves creeping bentgrass turfgrass drought resistance.
Background technology
Along with the development of China's economy with society, more and more important effect is being brought into play on the lawn in urban afforestation, sports and ecological construction.Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) is the cold-season turfgrass of the extensive use in domestic and international golf course fruit mountain range, also is usually used in planting and views and admires and the garden lawn.This turfgrass quality is soft, fine and smooth, green period is long; Ornamental value is high, the elongated stolon of tool; Short, the anti-low pruning of plant; Reviviscence lawn density strong, that form is high, thereby is widely used in planting ornamental lawn, low ball panel and other the similar athletic ground of repairing Jian's golf course of needs.Yet the fibrous root on the creeping bentgrass stolon is shallow, and drought resistance is poor, in the lawn maintenance management, than other cold-season turfgrass, need consume more moisture like Festuca Arundinacea, kentucky blue grass.Under drought condition, creeping bentgrass usually occurs that blade is withered and yellow, poor growth or the dormancy phenomenon that stops, thereby influences the aesthstic sight and the good kinetic characteristic on lawn.
Arid is one of important abiotic stress factor that influences plant normal growth.China is the country of freshwater resources famine, and resisting drought saving water is extremely people's concern always.And, influenced by Global Greenhouse Effect, the continuous drought situation in the most of areas of northern China is severe more, and southern seasonality and continuation arid more show especially.Therefore, reach due sight, functional and recreational, just need to solve the increasingly serious water crisis that faces in order to make the lawn.
At present, in the research that improves stress resistance of plant, improve plant through transgenosis and induction of resistance and resist two hot fields that the environment stress ability is domestic and international research.Big quantity research shows that stress resistance of plant receives the multiple gene combined influence, under specific breadboard condition, can improve its stress tolerance though change single adversity gene over to, and the effect under the state of field is very limited.Yet, thereby adopt the mode of inducing to promote the intragentic specifically expressing of plant corpus to obtain resistance because effect is remarkable, instant effect, receive common concern.In agricultural production, improve crop anti-adversity and have characteristics such as simple to operate, instant effect through using the external source additive, demonstrate important practical value.The external source additive that influences plant drought resistance mainly comprises 3 types, i.e. growth regulator, Osmolyte regulator and antitranspirant.Wherein growth regulator is abundant because of kind, emphasis and focus that effect significantly becomes research and uses.
At present, about the research that the growth regulator preliminary treatment improves the creeping bentgrass drought resistance, have abroad and use the report that anti-ester (Trinexapac-Ethyl), abscisic acid (ABA) preliminary treatment can improve its drought resistance.There is following defective:
(1) anti-ester and abscisic acid mainly are through suppressing plant growing; Reduce water consumption and improve the tolerance of turfgrass water deficient; Thereby, in application process, may make the lawn outward appearance owing to color, the inconsistent uniformity variation that causes of growth rate, the situation that quality descends takes place.
(2) the anti-ester of external report and abscisic acid carry out continuing for 9 weeks before and after the pretreated time before drought stress, need continuous the processing 5 times altogether, long processing period, and it is slow to take effect.
(3) because the anti-ester that falls is long with the time that abscisic acid processings needs, often, thereby need the more medicament of consumption, thereby the large-area applications cost is higher.
Polyamines (PAs) be find eighties of last century sixties be distributed widely in the aliphatic nitrogenous alkali growth regulatory substance of the low-molecular-weight that has physiologically active in the plant corpus; Mainly comprise putrescine (putrescine, Put), spermidine (spermidine, Spd); And spermine (spermine; Spm) etc., have stimulating growth, function in delaying senility, and closely related with the resistance of plant.The research that improves plant drought resistance about the external source polyamines has relevant report on agricultural thing paddy rice, wheat, corn, rape and in the plants such as clover, sugarcane, and does not appear in the newspapers both at home and abroad in the Application Research that improves aspect the turfgrass drought resistance.
Polyamines comprises diamines (putrescine), triamine (spermidine), tetramine (spermine) etc., and different types of polyamines is different to the effect of different plants, is the basis of this research to the suitable polyamines type of creeping bentgrass screening.Plant is similar with plant endogenous hormones to the demand of polyamines, only need very trace, and the valid density scope is very narrow, and the optimum concentration to different plant-spraying polyamines is also different simultaneously.If concentration that polyamines sprays and number of times too much not only do not have positive role even have the effect of coercing the raising of stress resistance of plant, spray very little and can not show effect again, so the concentration that control sprays polyamines and number of times have just become the key of this research.Simultaneously, because polyamines has labile characteristic under high light, the concrete time that sprays polyamines also can influence its effect, thereby it is also very important to confirm to spray concrete time of polyamines.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of existing in prior technology; Solve the creeping bentgrass lawn and usually face drought stress aborning; Presentation quality and this outstanding problem of utility function of having had a strong impact on the lawn are starting point; To seek the external source additive simply, efficiently and cheaply that can effectively improve the creeping bentgrass drought resistance is final purpose; Through best polyamines kind, concentration proportioning and time of application complex experiment, create new measure, open up new way in the hope of drought resisting management for Jian's thigh lawn of crawling.
Its technical scheme is:
A kind of external source additive that improves creeping bentgrass turfgrass drought resistance, its main component is a spermidine.
The external source additive of above-mentioned raising creeping bentgrass turfgrass drought resistance is that concentration is 0.2mmol/L spermidine solution with 2% Tween-80 preparation.
A kind of method that improves creeping bentgrass turfgrass drought resistance between the lights the time-division, is carried out foliage-spray with spermidine solution, and fully spray is even, has following of liquid to be advisable up to the blade face; Spray each 2 days at interval continuously 3 times.
Spermidine solution in the said method is with the preparation of 2%Tween-80 solvent, and concentration is 0.2mmol/L.
In the said method, the time-division is meant 19:00 at dusk.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Compared with prior art, technical scheme of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) the present invention improves the external source additive spermidine preliminary treatment of creeping bentgrass turfgrass drought resistance; In improving creeping bentgrass drought resistance process; Lawn outward appearance good uniformity, turf quality are apparently higher than contrast, and its principle is relevant with osmotic adjustment ability with raising creeping bentgrass anti-oxidation protection.
(2) the method for the invention only needs to handle 3 times continuously, and the processing time only need continue 7 days.
(3) use technical scheme cost of the present invention low, effective, spermidine only needs the processing of less number of times must obtain comparatively ideal effect, so large-area applications has more advantage.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is done explanation in further detail.
Common polyamines comprises the spermidine (Spd) of two amine putrescine (Put), three amines and the spermine (Spm) of tetraamine.It is colourless to the yellow oily characteristics of liquids that putrescine is; Utilize the ornithine decarboxylation and produce, be present in the putrefaction, also extensively exist simultaneously as the normal composition of organism as the malicious alkali of a kind of corruption; Be a kind of of polyamines (polyamine); Have strong stink, concentration reaches tens ppm and just can swoon severe toxicity to the people to smoked in the air.Therefore, be not suitable for production application.Existing research report shows: the variety classes polyamines is different to the effect that improves plant drought resistance.Some plant is better to the reaction of external source putrescine, and other plants to external source spermidine or spermine better.Therefore, when using the external source polyamines, should decide according to the plant specific category.The research report is arranged, and an amount of external source spermidine and spermine can improve the photosynthetic speed of plant leaf blade, reduce the blade MDA content.Under the drought stress, the growth of root system of plant is very important, executes outward that Spm, Spd and Put have all increased the lateral root number and main root is long, the Spd better effects if, and execute back root system dehydrase and improve with CAT is active, POD and the decline of IAA oxidase active; Also can promote the kiwi fruit rooting of vitro seedling according to another experiment Spm, Spd, Put, Spd also can make square root form in a large number.Simultaneously, evidence suggests with external source Spd and handle wheat responsive type seedling leaves, can cause free Spd and Spm to increase, and the ascensional range of Spd and Spm is alleviated the injury that is caused by the PEG infiltration greater than the increasing degree of Put with combining attitude Put content.The outer drought-resistant ability that Spd obviously improves the responsive type wheat of using is described.Wingceltis is built the new people of grade and has also confirmed under the drought stress condition, and blade plasma membrane passing through property relatively prolongs in time and raises, and sprays the increase that external source Spd can suppress membrane permeability, shows that Spd has the effect of stable plasma structure.
Therefore, this research decision employing spermidine (Spd) is a subjects.
The screening of embodiment 1, variable concentrations
(1) test material: with the good creeping bentgrass kind of cultivating recently: PennA-4 serves as to supply the examination material
(2) test material is cultivated: be that 24cm, the degree of depth are the basin alms bowl plantation creeping bentgrass of 30cm with the diameter.The common rural area soil through desinsection, bactericide sterilization and abundant mixing of every basin alms bowl dress equivalent weight.Press 5g/m
2Seeding quantity calculate the amount of broadcasting of every basin alms bowl, in early March, 2011 sowing, broadcast unified Routine Managements such as all basin alms bowls of back water, weeding.Behind the tidy seedlings output, spray equivalent Gram (Hoagland) nutrient solution suddenly weekly.When reaching 6cm, plant height begins to prune stubble height 4cm.The cultivation time is 3 months.
(3) test is handled: establish 0mmol/L (contrast), 0.01mmol/L, 0.05mmol/L, 0.1mmol/L, 0.2mmol/L, 0.5mmol/L, 1mmol/L, 6 concentration gradients amount to 7 processing.Every processing repeats for 4 times.Before drought stress was handled, the spermidine solution 100ml with Tween-80 solvent preparation variable concentrations joined existing usefulness at present.When spraying at every turn in the morning 9:00 carry out foliage-spray, spray each 2 days at interval continuously three times.After disposing, all material stops to water, and is positioned over to carry out drought stress in the intelligent illumination box.The condition of intelligence illumination box is: daytime, nocturnal temperature are respectively 24 ℃, 20 ℃, relative moisture 50%, light application time 14 hours, intensity of illumination 500umol m
-2s
-1Through the experimental observation comparison, wherein foliage-spray 0.2mmol/L effect is best, and the outward appearance of bent grass volume, blade suppleness etc. are best during drought stress.
(4) observation index:
At 0,5,10,16,22,28 day of drought stress, carry out presentation quality evaluation, blade relative water content, turbine blades in electrochemical matter permeability determination by 9 fens systems according to color, quality, density, uniformity etc.
(5) result of the test: in 7 processing, the processing of 0.2mmol/L concentration lawn presentation quality under drought stress behaves oneself best at different observation times, and the blade relative water content is higher, and the electrolyte osmosis rate is lower.
Confirming of embodiment 2, optimal application time
(1) test material: with PennA-4 is to supply the examination material
(2) test is handled: test material is cultivated the same.If the morning 7:00, the morning 10:00, afternoon, 15:00,19:00 at dusk amounted to the processing that 4 times spray polyamines.Every processing repeats for 4 times.Before drought stress was handled, the spermidine solution 100ml of the Tween-80 solvent preparation 0.2mmol/L with 2% joined existing usefulness at present.4 different times in design carry out foliage-spray respectively at every turn, spray continuously three times, each 2 days at interval.After disposing, all material stops to water, and is positioned over to carry out drought stress in the intelligent illumination box.The condition of intelligence illumination box is: daytime, nocturnal temperature are respectively 24 ℃, 20 ℃, relative moisture 50%, light application time 14 hours, intensity of illumination 500umol m
-2s
-1
(3) observation index:
At 0,5,10,16,22,28 day of drought stress, carry out presentation quality evaluation, blade relative water content, turbine blades in electrochemical matter permeability determination by 9 fens systems according to color, quality, density, uniformity etc.
(4) result of the test: spray in the time at 4, at dusk 19:00 sprays that the lawn presentation quality behaves oneself best at different observation times under drought stress, and the blade relative water content is higher, and turbine blades in electrochemical matter permeability is lower.
Embodiment 3, external source spermidine are handled the physiological effect that improves the creeping bentgrass drought resistance
(1) test material: with PennA-4 is to supply the examination material
(2) test is handled: establish processing, with the spermidine solution 100ml of 2%Tween-80 solvent preparation 0.2mmol/L, join existing usefulness before promptly drought stress is handled at present.In dusk 19:00 carry out foliage-spray when spraying at every turn, spray continuously three times, each 2 days at interval.After disposing, all material stops to water, and is positioned over to carry out drought stress in the intelligent illumination box.The rehydration that drought stress carried out after 28 days 6 days is handled.Contrast (CK) replaces polyamines solution to carry out foliage-spray with 2%Tween-80 solvent 100ml when spraying polyamines solution before promptly drought stress is handled, and other processing is identical.
(3) observation index: 0,5,10,16,22,28 day of drought stress; Rehydration was carried out the lawn presentation quality in 6 days, blade relative water content, turbine blades in electrochemical matter permeability; Chlorophyll content; Mda content, APX, SOD, CAT, POD activities of antioxidant enzymes, the dynamic change of endogenous free polyamine and endogenous ABA, GA, IAA hormone is measured.
(4) result of the test: with do not execute the external source spermidine and compare; Along with the prolongation of drought stress time, with the spermidine solution of 0.2mmol/L creeping bentgrass is carried out preliminary treatment before drought stress, still can keep the lawn higher quality; On physiology, show as: keep higher relative water content; The electrolyte osmosis rate is lower, and chlorophyll content is higher, and film fat peroxidating product MDA content is lower; APX, SOD, CAT, four kinds of activities of antioxidant enzymes of POD are higher, and endogenous free polyamine and endogenous ABA, GA, IAA hormone generation respective change.
Embodiment 4, the effect of external source spermidine preliminary treatment on different creeping bentgrass kinds
(1) test material: different creeping bentgrass kinds comprise: PennA-1, Penncross, Hightland, Backspin, Putter, Olympic Competition CEO
(2) test is handled: respectively 6 different kinds are carried out the foliage-spray preliminary treatment with 0.2mmol/L spermidine solution; The embodiment 3 of processing method before; And be contrast not carry out the spermidine preliminary treatment respectively, amount to 12 processing, every processing repetition 4 times; After preliminary treatment is intact, in intelligent illumination box, carried out drought stress simultaneously.
(3) observation index: lawn presentation quality, blade relative water content, electrolyte osmosis rate.
(4) result of the test: with compare, carry out preliminary treatment with 0.2mmol/L spermidine solution, can significantly improve the drought resistance that supplies the different creeping bentgrass kinds of examination, its effect is similar with the PennA-4 of front.Concrete condition is following.Under drought stress; In each contrast (not using spermidine solution); Penncross, Putter, Backspin three kinds began to occur obvious wilting at the 10th day, three kind Hightland, Olympic Competition CEO and PennA-1 began to occur obvious wilting at the 13rd day in addition, and this moment, blade relative water content average out to 51%; Remain between 71%～75% and use each relative water content of handling of 0.2mmol/L spermidine solution; Just begin to occur obvious wilting in arid after 21 days, at preceding 21 days, each turbine blades in electrochemical matter permeability of handling of spermidine solution was starkly lower than contrast.
Conclusion:
1, do not execute and compare, the external source spermidine preliminary treatment through suitable concentration mainly shows as the influence of the appearance of creeping bentgrass:
(1) under normal temperature and adequate water condition, the color that can deepen creeping bentgrass improves the lawn presentation quality.
(2) under the condition of continuous drought, can keep the higher moisture of blade, delay to wilt, keep plant upright, keep the regularity of lawn outward appearance.
(3) when drought stress, keep the higher chlorophyll content of blade, postpone withered and yellowly, improve turf quality.
(4) arid, recover to reach 60% through the pretreated turf quality of external source spermidine, and the contrast recovery was relatively poor after 6 days in rehydration after 28 days.
Under the continuous drought condition, above advantage can be kept 21 days (summer, mean temperature of air was more than 30 ℃) above or 28 days (about autumn air temperature 20-25 ℃).
2, the effect aspect using water wisely
(1) without the pretreated Jian's thigh of crawling of external source spermidine arid the 10th day, begin obviously to descend to count by quality, the lawn presentation quality just begins to drop to unacceptable degree; And adopt the preliminary treatment of external source spermidine, at the 22nd day of arid, the lawn presentation quality still can be accepted; Therefore; Guarantee that the lawn has under the situation of equal quality, the preliminary treatment of external source spermidine can prolong the blanking time of watering on lawn, promptly reduces water frequency and using water wisely; According to experimental observation, there is pretreated material advantage can keep at most 28 days.
(2) in continuous drought after 28 days, through the pretreated creeping bentgrass of external source spermidine before turf quality can return to arid basically after 6 days after rehydration, without the preliminary treatment of external source spermidine, rehydration after 6 days seldom a part of blade of grass can recover, homogeneity is bad.
In sum, the present invention can effectively improve the drought resistance on creeping bentgrass lawn, under drought condition, reduces the demand of lawn to moisture, when rehydration, shortens and recovers required time, thereby play water-saving effect.
The above; Be merely the preferable embodiment of the present invention; Protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; Any technical staff who is familiar with the present technique field is in the technical scope that the present invention discloses, and the simple change of the technical scheme that obtains or equivalence replacement all fall in protection scope of the present invention with may be obvious that.
Claims (5)
1. an external source additive that improves creeping bentgrass turfgrass drought resistance is characterized in that, its main component is a spermidine.
2. the external source additive of raising creeping bentgrass turfgrass drought resistance according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is that concentration is 0.2mmol/L spermidine solution with 2% Tween-80 preparation.
3. a method that improves creeping bentgrass turfgrass drought resistance is characterized in that, between the lights the time-division, carries out foliage-spray with spermidine solution, and fully spray is even, has following of liquid to be advisable up to the blade face; Spray each 2 days at interval continuously 3 times.
4. the method for raising creeping bentgrass turfgrass drought resistance according to claim 3 is characterized in that, said spermidine solution is with the preparation of 2%Tween-80 solvent, and concentration is 0.2mmol/L.
5. the method for raising creeping bentgrass turfgrass drought resistance according to claim 3 is characterized in that, is divided into 19:00 during said dusk.
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| CN2012100639904A CN102613175A (en) | 2012-03-13 | 2012-03-13 | Exogenous additive and method for improving drought resistance of agrostis stolonifera L. lawn grass |
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| CN2012100639904A CN102613175A (en) | 2012-03-13 | 2012-03-13 | Exogenous additive and method for improving drought resistance of agrostis stolonifera L. lawn grass |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105210701A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-01-06 | 上海交通大学 | The method at Chinese narcissus florescence is regulated with Spd |
| CN106614683A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-10 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Composition for increasing spring-summer green turning succession speed of overseeding lawn and application thereof |
| CN110679403A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-01-14 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Method for improving drought resistance of zoysia japonica |
| CN115997765A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-04-25 | 中国农业大学 | Spermidine-containing plant germination accelerator and application thereof in promoting germination of plant seeds |
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2012
- 2012-03-13 CN CN2012100639904A patent/CN102613175A/en active Pending
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| 商振清: "亚精胺对提高玉米幼苗抗旱机理的研究", 《河北农业大学学报》 * |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105210701A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-01-06 | 上海交通大学 | The method at Chinese narcissus florescence is regulated with Spd |
| CN106614683A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-10 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Composition for increasing spring-summer green turning succession speed of overseeding lawn and application thereof |
| CN106614683B (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2019-02-22 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | It is a kind of accelerate hand over broadcast lawn spring and summer turn green succession speed composition and its application |
| CN110679403A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-01-14 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Method for improving drought resistance of zoysia japonica |
| CN115997765A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-04-25 | 中国农业大学 | Spermidine-containing plant germination accelerator and application thereof in promoting germination of plant seeds |
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Application publication date: 20120801 |