CN110679403A - Method for improving drought resistance of zoysia japonica - Google Patents
Method for improving drought resistance of zoysia japonica Download PDFInfo
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- CN110679403A CN110679403A CN201911104960.1A CN201911104960A CN110679403A CN 110679403 A CN110679403 A CN 110679403A CN 201911104960 A CN201911104960 A CN 201911104960A CN 110679403 A CN110679403 A CN 110679403A
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- zoysia japonica
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving drought resistance of zoysia japonica, which comprises the following steps: (1) and (3) water and fertilizer coupling treatment: carrying out water-fertilizer coupling treatment in the zoysia japonica growing season, wherein the growing season refers to the season with the highest daily temperature of 25-35 ℃; (2) hormone treatment: performing hormone treatment 20-30 days after the treatment in the step (1), wherein the hormone is a mixture of salicylic acid and hydrogen peroxide, and the dosage of the mixture is 5-8L/m2。
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lawn planting, and particularly relates to a method for improving drought resistance of zoysia japonica.
Background
The zoysia plant is perennial grassy plant of gramineae, large area of wild zoysia is distributed in Shandong peninsula and Liaodong peninsula in China, and the zoysia is excellent lawn for leisure, slope protection and sports field due to strong ornamental and trampling resistance. With the increasing enlargement of lawn planting area in China, the use of zoysia japonica is gradually increased, but the problem of high water consumption of zoysia japonica is also the controversial subject of lawn planting at present. With the rising of air temperature and the relative scarcity of water resources in partial areas in recent years, the demand for planting drought-enduring lawns is increasing. The invention provides a method for improving drought resistance of zoysia japonica.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: provides a method for improving the drought tolerance of zoysia japonica, which solves the problem of weak drought tolerance of zoysia japonica in the prior art.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for improving drought tolerance of zoysia japonica is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) and (3) water and fertilizer coupling treatment: performing water and fertilizer coupling treatment in a zoysia japonica growing season, wherein the growing season refers to a season with the highest daily temperature of 25-35 ℃, and the water and fertilizer coupling treatment method comprises the following steps:
A. n, P, K compound fertilizer is applied, and the application amount is 35-40g/m2The mass ratio of the N element to the P element to the K element in the N, P, K compound fertilizer is 8:7:7, and watering is carried out simultaneously to moisten the soil at a position of 8-12 cm;
B. watering and irrigating once every ten days to moisten 4-6 cm of soil, and irrigating for 1-2 times;
(2) hormone treatment: performing hormone treatment 20-30 days after the treatment in the step (1), wherein the hormone is a mixture of salicylic acid and hydrogen peroxide, the concentration of the salicylic acid is 0.5-1.0, preferably 0.5mmol/L, and the H is2O2The concentration is 55-80 mmol/L, preferably 55mmol/L, and the dosage of the mixed solution is 5-8L/m2Preferably 5L/m2。
Has the advantages that:
the invention discloses a method for improving drought resistance of zoysia japonica, wherein zoysia lawns are planted according to the method in arid areas with annual rainfall of 450-850mm, and zoysia plants can grow normally.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
(1) and (3) water and fertilizer coupling treatment: performing water-fertilizer coupling treatment during the period of the zoysia japonica in the vigorous growing season with the highest daily temperature of 25-35 ℃, and performing treatment for 1-2 times in the whole vigorous growing season. The specific operation is as follows:
applying 35-40g/m of compound fertilizer with N: P: K: 8:7:72And watering at the same time to ensure that the soil is about 10cm wet, watering once every ten days to ensure that the soil is about 5cm wet, and watering twice.
(2) Different hormone treatments: treating with different hormones such as Salicylic Acid (SA) and hydrogen peroxide (H) 20-30 days after coupling treatment2O2). SA 0.5mmol/L + H2O255mmol/L, amount of mixed solution 5L/m2Examples
The materials used in the test are lawn grass of zoysia japonica in greenhouse experimental ditch of Jiangsu agriculture and forestry occupational technology academy: the treatment was carried out in 5 portions M7 (treated according to the method), 8H (treated according to the first step only), M11 (salicylic acid SA only), M14 (hydrogen peroxide only), M1 (completely conventional management, without the method).
Simulating drought by PEG: and (3) culturing the zoysia japonica variety with good growth in the same plastic basin after 5 pots of grass seeds are treated, wherein the soil for trial use is loam and nutrient soil, the loam and the nutrient soil are fully and uniformly mixed according to the volume ratio of 2:1, and the mixture is respectively placed in plastic basins with the diameter of 20cm and the height of 25 cm. Placing in a greenhouse under natural illumination, normally pruning, watering and other management, carrying out drought stress treatment after one week, and adopting polyethylene glycol 6000(PEG-6000) to simulate different drought levels in the experiment. The PEG concentration is three of 5%, 10% and 15%.
Morphological observation
Changes in zoysia japonica density, plant height and degree of withering during the period of drought simulated by PEG in the experiment were observed.
Correlation index determination
① determination of moisture content of leaf
And cleaning the blade to be measured by using distilled water. About 3 leaves were weighed and weighed as fresh. The sample was placed in a stoppered test tube containing distilled water, soaked in the dark for 6 hours until the sample was completely immersed in water, the water on the leaves was wiped clean with absorbent paper with tweezers, and the weight was weighed to saturate the fresh weight. And finally, marking the blades, putting all the blades into a drying oven, taking out the blades from the drying oven, cooling the blades at room temperature to volatilize all the water, and weighing the blades by a one-ten-thousandth balance to obtain dry weight after the temperature is proper.
② determination of chlorophyll content
Taking 0.05g of test leaves, cutting the test leaves into thin strips, putting the strips into a clean test tube, adding 10ml of 95% alcohol, sealing the bottle mouth with a preservative film, binding the strips well to ensure sealing, wrapping the test tube with 2 layers of black plastic bags, standing for 48 hours in a dark place until tissues completely fade, and fixing the volume to a 25ml volumetric flask after filtering to be tested. About 8ml to 1ml of the solution is added into a cuvette, and the absorbance is measured at 663 nm and 645nm in a blank of 95% alcohol, and the absorbance is recorded on white paper.
③ Malondialdehyde (MDA) content determination
Accurately weighing 0.1 part of leaf, placing into a grinding body, cooling with liquid nitrogen, grinding with a small amount of quartz sand, adding 0.1ml of MDA extract for three times, fully grinding, introducing into a test tube, mixing homogenates, centrifuging (8000r/min, 10min, 4 ℃), and collecting the supernatant as MDA solution to be tested. OD values were measured photometrically at 532mm and 600 mm.
④ proline determination
Grinding 0.1g leaf into bowl, pulverizing with liquid nitrogen, grinding with small amount of quartz sand, grinding into powder, adding the extractive solution, water bathing at 95 deg.C for 10min, shaking, centrifuging at 25 deg.C for 10min to 10000g, cooling, and testing to obtain 0.25mL of sample +0.25mL of glacial acetic acid +0.25mL of reagent were warmed in a water bath at 95 ℃ for 30 minutes in a covered ep tube (sealed to prevent water loss). It was shaken every 10 minutes. After cooling, 0.5ml of toluene was added and shaken for 30 s; 2ml of the upper solution are placed in a trace of quartz-specific disks or 96-well plates and stained at a wavelength of 520nm to record the absorbance.
2. And (4) calculating a result:
2.1 formula for determining water content of leaves
Determination of water content in leaves [ (fresh weight-dry weight)/fresh weight ]
2.2 measurement formula of chlorophyll content
Ca(mg/L)＝12.21*OD663nm-2.81*OD645nm
Cb(mg/L)＝20.13*OD645nm-5.03*OD663nm
CT(mg/L)＝Ca+Cb
2.3 MDA content determination formula
C(μmol/L)＝6.45×OD532nm－0.56×OD450nm
2.4 proline assay formula
Proline (%) ═ X2.5 × 100/(fresh sample weight 10%6)
y 0.02605x-0.0021(x is proline content, μ g/mL; y is absorbance A)
2.5 data processing
In the experiment, a membership function method is used for evaluating the drought resistance of five zoysia plants, and the membership value of each plant index is calculated.
3. Results and analysis
Under drought stress, the decomposition of original chlorophyll is accelerated, so that the leaves are yellow brown, and as shown in table 1, the withered leaf rate of five zoysia japonica plants is gradually increased along with the increase of drought. The leaf blight rate was significantly increased at 5% PEG treatment compared to the control, with M7, M1, and 8H being lower than M11, with little difference in leaf blight rate for M11 compared to 10% PEG treatment and 15% PEG treatment, with significant increases in M14 and 8H. Indicating that 8H and M14 have a significant tolerance phase following subsequent high concentrations of stress.
TABLE 1 leaf withering rate of PEG leaves with different concentrations
| 5％ | 10％ | 15％ | |
| M3 | 55 | 57 | 59 |
| M4 | 49 | 55 | 65 |
| M1 | 47 | 50 | 61 |
| M5 | 47 | 53 | 59 |
| M2 | 46 | 52 | 61 |
3.2 measurement of physiological indices
3.2.1 moisture content of leaves
The plant cells lose water, the water content of leaves is reduced, the drought resistance of the leaves can be reflected by the water retention capacity of the cells, and the water content data of the leaves are obtained from experimental data (table 2). The results show that the drought coerce forces the water content of the leaves of M1, M2, M3, M4 and M5 to be generally reduced, and the reduction amplitude is different in each stage. The water content of the leaves of M5 was most reduced by 5% PEG treatment, which was 19.2% lower than that of the control group. The other four plants were reduced by less than 8%. Compared with 5% PEG, the 10% PEG treated M2 decreased by 6%, the M5 and M4 decreased by less than 2%, and the M1 was almost unchanged. Thus there was no significant difference in moisture content between the 5% PEG treated and the 10% PEG treated leaves. When the 15% PEG is treated, the water content of the leaves is obviously lower than that of a control group; 24.5% of M3, 13.8% of M4, 8.6% of M1, 23.4% of M5 and 21.1% of M2.
TABLE 2 Water content of leaves stressed by PEG of different concentrations
| 5％ | 10％ | 15％ | |
| M3 | 89.39 | 76.31 | 69.69 |
| M4 | 75.56 | 74.4 | 70.17 |
| M1 | 80.56 | 80.72 | 79.64 |
| M5 | 73.34 | 72.49 | 67.08 |
| M2 | 81.36 | 73.4 | 68 |
3.2.2 chlorophyll content determination and analysis
The growth and development of plants are related to photosynthesis, chlorophyll is an important pigment in the cooperative process of plant light, and the chlorophyll in the plants can be degraded by drought stress. Generally, drought stress causes the chlorophyll content to be reduced, but studies show that the chlorophyll content can be increased due to drought stress, which is probably caused by the fact that leaves lose water to produce concentration effect in the early stage of stress and the chlorophyll content is increased along with the prolonging of timeActive oxygen accumulation leads to accelerated chlorophyll decomposition and reduced content[7]. The smaller the chlorophyll content of the plant leaf is reduced, the stronger the drought resistance of the plant leaf is, and the change of chlorophyll a/b is related to the drought resistance of the plant. With increasing PEG, the prevalence of five treated chlorophyll a/b decreases (table 3) the chlorophyll a/b values of M1 and M2 are higher than for M3, M4, and M5 overall. The chlorophyll a/b reduction of M4 and M2 is small.
TABLE 3 chlorophyll a/b of leaves stressed by PEG at different concentrations
3.2.3 assay and analysis of malondialdehyde
MDA is the main product of membrane lipid peroxidation of plants in a stress environment, can be used for reflecting the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation, and is experimentally measured to determine the malondialdehyde content of five plants under different stress degrees (Table 4),
TABLE 4 malondialdehyde content under stress of PEG of different concentrations
| 5％ | 10％ | 15％ | |
| M3 | 0.22 | 0.14 | 0.34 |
| M4 | 0.23 | 0.27 | 0.31 |
| M1 | 0.23 | 0.27 | 0.31 |
| M5 | 0.29 | 0.28 | 0.37 |
| M2 | 0.28 | 0.26 | 0.29 |
3.2.4 proline content determination and analysis
Proline is widely present in plant cells and under stress conditions, the proline content in plants increases. Under drought stress, the plants can secrete proline, and the larger the accumulation amount is, the stronger the drought resistance of the plants is. As shown in table 5, the proline content of M3, M1, and M2 was significantly increased and the proline content of M4 was slightly changed by 5% PEG treatment. The most proline content increased in M3 with 10% PEG treatment.
TABLE 5 proline content at different concentrations
| 5％ | 10％ | 15％ | |
| M3 | 0.55 | 0.93 | 1.1 |
| M4 | 0.2 | 0.47 | 0.56 |
| M1 | 0.34 | 0.56 | 0.67 |
| M5 | 0.31 | 0.51 | 0.62 |
| M2 | 0.42 | 0.7 | 0.84 |
3.2.5 results and discussion
The relationship between the five indices and drought resistance was analyzed using the membership function method, and the drought resistance of each treatment was determined by the average order of the membership function (table 6). The drought tolerance of the drought-resistant rice is from high to low, M7 is more than 8H and more than M11 is more than M14 and more than M1.
TABLE 6 comprehensive evaluation of membership function values of five zoysia japonica plant drought resistance indexes
Claims (6)
1. A method for improving drought tolerance of zoysia japonica is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) and (3) water and fertilizer coupling treatment: performing water and fertilizer coupling treatment in a zoysia japonica growing season, wherein the growing season refers to a season with the highest daily temperature of 25-35 ℃, and the water and fertilizer coupling treatment method comprises the following steps:
A. n, P, K compound fertilizer is applied, and watering is carried out simultaneously to moisten the 8-12 cm position in the soil;
B. watering and irrigating once every ten days to moisten 4-6 cm of soil, and irrigating for 1-2 times;
(2) hormone treatment: performing hormone treatment 20-30 days after the treatment in the step (1), wherein the hormone is a mixture of salicylic acid and hydrogen peroxide, and the dosage of the mixture is 5L/m2。
2. The method for improving drought tolerance of zoysia japonica according to the claim, wherein in the step (1), the application amount of the N, P, K compound fertilizer is 35-40g/m2。
3. The method for improving drought tolerance of zoysia japonica according to the claim, wherein in the step (1), the mass ratio of N element to P element to K element in N, P, K compound fertilizer is 8:7: 7.
4. A method for improving drought tolerance of zoysia japonica according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the concentration of salicylic acid is 0.5 to 1.0 mmol/L.
5. A method of improving drought tolerance of zoysia japonica according to claim 1 wherein in step (2), H is2O2The concentration is 55-80 mmol/L.
6. A method for improving drought tolerance of zoysia japonica according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the mixture of salicylic acid and hydrogen peroxide is used in an amount of 5-8L/m2。
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102613175A (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2012-08-01 | 四川农业大学 | Exogenous additive and method for improving drought resistance of agrostis stolonifera L. lawn grass |
| CN102726227A (en) * | 2012-06-14 | 2012-10-17 | 辽宁大学 | Method for improving drought resistance of zoysia by utilizing salicylic acid |
| CN106613243A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-10 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Method for enabling zoysia japonica to turn green earlier |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102613175A (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2012-08-01 | 四川农业大学 | Exogenous additive and method for improving drought resistance of agrostis stolonifera L. lawn grass |
| CN102726227A (en) * | 2012-06-14 | 2012-10-17 | 辽宁大学 | Method for improving drought resistance of zoysia by utilizing salicylic acid |
| CN106613243A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-10 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Method for enabling zoysia japonica to turn green earlier |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| EUN-JI BAE等: "H2O2 Pretreatment Modulates Growth and the Antioxidant Defense System of Drought-stressed Zoysiagrass and Kentucky Bluegrass", 《HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY》 * |
| 刘晓军等: "干热胁迫下两种苇状羊茅对不同水肥处理的响应机理 ", 《草业学报》 * |
| 应朝阳等: "草坪草干旱胁迫研究进展 ", 《福建农业学报》 * |
| 张会茹: "秦皇岛市草坪节水措施研究 ", 《现代园艺》 * |
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Application publication date: 20200114 |