CN102612561A - 使用tlr7和tlr9的免疫调节寡核苷酸(iro)拮抗剂强化自身免疫性及炎症性疾病治疗 - Google Patents
使用tlr7和tlr9的免疫调节寡核苷酸(iro)拮抗剂强化自身免疫性及炎症性疾病治疗 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了免疫调节寡核苷酸(IRO)作为TLR拮抗剂和抑制TNF的抗发炎剂的增强剂用于预防和治疗炎症性和自身免疫性疾病的用途抗发炎剂。
Description
本申请要求2009年6月1日提交的第61/182,928号美国临时专利申请的优先权,该美国临时专利申请的公开内容通过引用明确并入本文。
技术领域
本发明一般涉及免疫学和免疫治疗领域,更具体地,涉及通过肿瘤坏死因子α的竞争性抑制剂治疗自身免疫性和炎症性疾病。
背景技术
炎症是身体组织对原炎剂例如病原体的一种复杂的生物学反应。在这种反应中,在康复过程开始时,身体试图去除该原炎剂。在某些具有炎症要素的疾病(例如,自身免疫性疾病)中,身体的免疫系统对非外来物质响应不适当。在这种情况下,免疫系统造成对身体自身组织的损害。
历史上,自身免疫性和炎症性疾病已采用非甾体抗炎剂(NSAID-例如阿司匹林、布洛芬或萘普生)、类固醇(例如强的松)、抗疟疾药物(例如羟基氯喹)或其他非特异性药物治疗。非特异性药物包括甲氨蝶呤、柳氮磺胺吡啶、来氟米特、环磷酰胺和霉酚酸。然而,这些疗法效果有限。
最近,肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)的竞争性抑制剂已被开发作为对自身免疫性和炎症性紊乱的高特异性的疗法。所述竞争性抑制剂包括依那西普(etanercept)(Embrel)、因福利美(infliximab)(Remicade)和阿达木单抗(adalimubab)(Humira)。这些制剂通过与TNF-α结合从而使其不能被其受体利用以及防止其开始炎症级联反应而起作用,并在自身免疫性和炎症性紊乱的治疗中表现出实质性的改进。
这样的TNF-α的竞争性抑制剂已被批准用于治疗范围广泛的这类疾病,包括类风湿性关节炎、银屑病关节炎、银屑病、葡萄膜炎、强直性脊柱炎、节段性回肠炎和肉状瘤病。
现已表明TNF-α的竞争性抑制剂在其他应用中也是有用的。Popivanova等在(2008)J.Clin.Invest.118:560-70中提出老鼠体内TNF-α的阻挡减少了与慢性结肠炎有关的结直肠癌变。Fries等在(2008)Int.J.Med.Sci.5:169-80及(2008)Am.J.Physiol.Gastrointest.Liver Physiol.294:G938-G947中分别提出因福利美和依那西普减少了老鼠体内实验性结肠炎肠上皮细胞的死亡并防止了肠上皮细胞紧密连接中遮光蛋白和闭锁小带-1的受损。Coppieters等在(2006)Arthritis&Rheumatism 54:1856-66中提出骆驼科动物抗-TNF VHH蛋白超过类风湿性关节炎老鼠模型中的因福利美和阿达木单抗。Zalevsky等在(2007)J.Immunol.179:1872-83中提出TNF的显性失活抑制剂减轻了老鼠模型的实验性关节炎。Rubbert-Roth和Finckh在(2009)Arthritis Res.Ther.11(Suppl 1):S1中审视了FDA批准的TNF-α的竞争性抑制剂效果的局限性。
在可替选的方法中,Newton等人在(2001)Ann.Rheum.Dis.60:iii25-iii32中提出了TACE的抑制剂,使前体TNF-α向TNF-α转换的酶对关节炎老鼠模型有效。
可惜的是,所有目前经批准的TNF-α的竞争性抑制剂都与严重感染例如结核病、败血症和真菌感染的发展有关。白血球、红血球和血小板数量及某些癌症事件的增加也与使用这些药物的治疗有关。
Toll样受体(TLR)存在于免疫系统的众多细胞上,并且已表明与先天免疫反应有关(Homung等人,(2002)J.Immunol.168:4531-37)。在脊椎动物体内,这个家族包括被称作TLR1到TLR10的10种蛋白,已知它们可以从细菌、真菌、寄生生物和病毒中识别出与分子模型相关的病原体(Poltorak等人(1998)Science 282:2085-88;Underhill等人(1999)Nature 401:811-15;Hayashi等人(2001)Nature 410:1099-103;Zhang等人(2004)Science 303:1522-26;Meier等人(2003)Cell.Microbiol.5:561-70;Campos等人(2001)J.Immunol.167:416-23;Hoebe等人(2003)Nature 424:743-48;Lund(2003)J.Exp.Med.198:513-20;Heil等人(2004)Science 303:1526-29;Diebold等人(2004)Science303:1529-31;Homung等人(2004)J.Immunol.173:5935-43)。TLR是关键手段,哺乳动物通过这种手段可以识别外来分子并对其生成免疫反应,并且还提供了用于先天性适应性免疫反应结合的手段(Akira et a.l.(2001)Nat.Immunol.2:675-80;Medzhitov(2001)Nature Rev.Immunol.1:135-45)。TLR也显示出在许多疾病的发病机理(Cook等人(2004)Nat.Immunol.5:975-79)中发挥作用,这些疾病包括自身免疫、传染性疾病和炎症,并且,使用适当制剂对TLR介导活化的调节可提供疾病干预手段。
一些TLR位于细胞表面以检测细胞外病原体并对其作出反应,且其它TLR位于细胞内以检测细胞内病原体并对其作出反应。表1提供了TLR、包括受体的细胞类型及其已知的激动剂的表示(Diebold等人(2004)Science303:1529-31;Liew等人(2005)Nature 5:446-58;Hemmi等人(2002)Nat.Immunol.3:196-200;Jurk等人(2002)Nat.Immunol.3:499;Lee等人(2003)Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A.100:6646-51);(Alexopoulou(2001)Nature 413:732-38)。
表1:
存在于细菌DNA和合成DNA中的某些未甲基化CpG基序表明其能激活免疫系统并能引发抗肿瘤活性(Tokunaga等人(1984)J.Natl.Cancer Inst.72:955-62;Shimada等人(1986)Jpn.J.Cancer Res.77:808-16;Yamamoto等人(1986)Jpn.J.Cancer Res.79:866-73)。另一些研究显示,包括CpG双核苷酸的反义寡核苷酸也会刺激免疫反应(Zhao等人(1996)Biochem.Pharmacol.26:173-82)。随后的研究证明TLR9可识别存在于细菌DNA和合成DNA内的未甲基化CpG基序(Hemmi等人(2000)Nature 408:740-45)。另一些对包括硫代磷酸寡核苷酸的CpG的修饰也会影响它们通过TLR9作为免疫反应调节剂的能力(例如,Zhao等人(1996)Biochem.Pharmacol.51:173-82;Zhao等人(1996)Biochem Pharmacol.52:1537-44;Zhao等人(1997)Antisense Nucleic Acid DrugDev.7:495-502;Zhao等人(1999)Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett.9:3453-58;Zhao等人(2000)Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett.10:1051-54;Yu等人(2000)Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett.10:2585-88;Yu等人(2001)Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett.11:2263-67;和Kandimalla等人(2001)Bioorg.Med.Chem.9:807-13)。此外,定量构效关系研究已允许识别合成基序和新型基于DNA的化合物。所述合成基序和新型基于DNA的化合物会引起特异性免疫反应分布,其不同于由未甲基化CpG双核苷酸造成的分布。(Kandimalla等人(2005)Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A.102:6925-30;Kandimalla等人(2003)Proc.Nat.Acad.Sci.U.S.A.100:14303-08;Cong等人(2003)Biochem Biophys Res.Commun.310:1133-39;Kandimalla等人(2003)Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.306:948-53;Kandimalla等人(2003)Nucleic Acids Res.31:2393-400;Yu等人(2003)Bioorg.Med.Chem.11:459-64;Bhagat等人(2003)Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.300:853-61;Yu等人(2002)Nucleic Acids Res.30:4460-69;Yu等人(2002)J.Med.Chem.45:4540-48;Yu等人(2002)Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.297:83-90;Kandimalla等人(2002)Bioconjug.Chem.13:966-74;Yu等人(2002)Nucleic Acids Res.30:1613-19;Yu等人(2001)Bioorg.Med.Chem.9:2803-08;Yu等人(2001)Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett.11:2263-67;Kandimalla等人(2001)Bioorg.Med.Chem.9:807-13;Yu等人(2000)Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett.10:2585-88;Putta等人(2006)Nucleic Acids Res.34:3231-38)。
TLR的选择性定位和由此产生的信号对它们在免疫反应中的作用提供了一些深入了解。免疫反应涉及基于该反应中所涉及细胞子集的先天反应和适应性反应。例如,在传统细胞介导机能例如迟缓性过敏和细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)的活化中所涉及的T辅助(Th)细胞为Th1细胞。这种反应是身体对抗原(例如病毒性感染、细胞内病原体和肿瘤细胞)的先天反应,并导致干扰素的分泌和与之相伴的CTL的活化。另外,被包括作为用于B-细胞激活的辅助细胞的Th细胞为Th2细胞。现已表明Th2细胞响应于细菌和寄生虫而被激活,并且可能会通过IL-4和IL-5的分泌而介导身体的适应性免疫反应(例如,IgE的生成和嗜酸性细胞的活化)。免疫反应的类型受响应于抗原刺激而生成的细胞因子的影响,并且由Th1和Th2细胞分泌的细胞因子的不同可能是这两个子集的不同生物功能的结果。
由于TLR参与炎症反应的调节,已表明TLR在许多疾病包括自身免疫、传染性疾病和炎症的发病机制中发挥作用(Papadimitraki等人(2007)J.Autoimmun.29:310-18;Sun等人(2007)Inflamm.Allergy Drug Targets 6:223-35;Diebold(2008)Adv.Drug Deliv.Rev.60:813-23;Cook等人(2004)Nat.Immunol.5:975-79;Tse and Homer(2008)Semin.Immunopathol.30:53-62;Tobias andCurtiss(2008)Semin.Immunopathol.30:23-27;Ropert等人(2008)Semin.Immunopathol.30:41-51;Lee等人(2008)Semin.Immunopathol.30:3-9;Gao等人(2008)Semin.Immunopathol.30:29-40;Vijay-Kumar等人(2008)Semin.Immunopathol.30:11-21)。
尽管在进行免疫反应中涉及TLR的活化,但是经由TLR的免疫系统的不受控制的刺激可能会加剧免疫缺陷主体的某些疾病。这种不受控制的刺激也可能有助于自身免疫性或炎症性紊乱。
因此,需要有改善的方式用于自身免疫性和炎症性疾病的治疗。
发明内容
本发明提供了新型免疫调节寡核苷酸(IRO)化合物作为TLR拮抗剂,其能增强充当TNF-α抑制剂的抗炎剂的活性,因此允许这类TNF-α抑制剂的使用剂量更低,以减轻它们的不希望有的副作用。这些免疫调节寡核苷酸有一个或更多化学修饰,所述化学修饰位于侧面接有免疫刺激性基序的序列上和/或在没有修饰的情况下会有免疫刺激性的寡核苷酸基序上。
因此,本发明进一步提供了一种用于治疗患有具有自免疫性或炎症性要素的疾病的哺乳动物的方法,该方法包括以药学有效剂量对哺乳动物结合施用根据本发明的IRO化合物与TNF-α的抑制剂。所述疾病包括,但不局限于,癌症,自身免疫性紊乱、气道炎症、炎症性紊乱、传染性疾病、疟疾、莱姆病、眼部感染、结膜炎、皮肤病、银屑病、硬皮病、心血管疾病、动脉粥样硬化、慢性疲劳综合症、结节病、移植排斥反应、过敏、哮喘和病原体引起的疾病。优选自身免疫性紊乱包括但不局限于红斑狼疮、多发性硬化症、I型糖尿病、肠道易激综合症、克隆氏症、类风湿性关节炎、感染性休克、称普秃、急性散播性脑脊髓炎、爱迪生氏病、强直性脊柱炎、抗磷脂抗体症候群、自身免疫性溶血性贫血、自身免疫性肝炎、大疱性类天疱疮、查加斯病、慢性阻塞性肺病、乳糜泻、皮肌炎、子宫内膜异位、肺出血肾炎综合症、格雷夫斯病、格林巴利综合症、桥本病、化脓性汗腺炎、特发性血小板减少性紫癜、间质性膀胱炎、硬斑病、重症肌无力、发作性睡病、神经性肌强直、天疱疮、恶性贫血、多发性肌炎、原发性胆汁性肝硬化、精神分裂症、干燥综合症、颞动脉炎(“巨细胞性动脉炎”)、血管炎、白癜风、外阴痛和韦格纳肉芽肿。优选炎症性紊乱包括但不局限于气道炎症、哮喘、自身免疫性疾病、慢性炎症、慢性前列腺炎、肾小球肾炎、贝赛特氏症、过敏症、炎性肠病、再灌注损伤、类风湿性关节炎、移植排斥反应、溃疡性结肠炎、葡萄膜炎、结膜炎和血管炎。
本发明进一步提供了一种用于防止具有自身免疫性或炎症性要素的疾病或紊乱发展的方法,该方法包括:对具有患所述疾病或紊乱风险的哺乳动物以药学有效剂量结合TNF-α的抑制剂施用本发明的IRO化合物。所述疾病包括,但不局限于,癌症,自身免疫性紊乱、气道炎症、炎症性紊乱、传染性疾病、疟疾、莱姆病、眼部感染、结膜炎、皮肤病、银屑病、硬皮病、心血管疾病、动脉粥样硬化、慢性疲劳综合症、结节病、移植排斥反应、过敏、哮喘和哺乳动物体内病原体引起的疾病。优选自身免疫性紊乱包括但不局限于红斑狼疮、多发性硬化症、I型糖尿病、肠道易激综合症、克隆氏症、类风湿性关节炎、感染性休克、称普秃、急性散播性脑脊髓炎、爱迪生氏病、强直性脊柱炎、抗磷脂抗体症候群、自身免疫性溶血性贫血、自身免疫性肝炎、大疱性类天疱疮、查加斯病、慢性阻塞性肺病、乳糜泻、皮肌炎、子宫内膜异位、肺出血肾炎综合症、格雷夫斯病、格林巴利综合症、桥本病、化脓性汗腺炎、特发性血小板减少性紫癜、间质性膀胱炎、硬斑病、重症肌无力、发作性睡病、神经性肌强直、天疱疮、恶性贫血、多发性肌炎、原发性胆汁性肝硬化、精神分裂症、干燥综合症、颞动脉炎(“巨细胞性动脉炎”)、血管炎、白癜风、外阴痛和韦格纳肉芽肿。优选炎症性紊乱包括但不局限于气道炎症、哮喘、自身免疫性疾病、慢性炎症、慢性前列腺炎、肾小球肾炎、贝赛特氏症、过敏症、炎性肠病、再灌注损伤、类风湿性关节炎、移植排斥反应、溃疡性结肠炎、葡萄膜炎、结膜炎和血管炎。
根据本发明所述的IRO化合物具有5-Nm-N3N2N1CGN1N2N3-Nm-3′结构,其中CG是寡核苷酸基序,并且C是胞嘧啶或嘧啶核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子,G是鸟苷或嘌呤核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子;N1-N3和N1-N3在每次出现时独立地为核苷酸或核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子;Nm和Nm在每次出现时独立地为核苷酸或核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子;规定N1到N3和/或C和/或G中的至少一个是核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子;并且进一步规定,该化合物含有少于3个连续的鸟苷酸,其中寡核苷酸基序在没有核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子时会有免疫刺激性;且其中m是从0到约30的数字。
在一些优选的实施方案中,所述IRO化合物包括少于4个连续的鸟苷酸。
在一些优选的实施方案中,所述IRO化合物与一种或多种TNF-α的抑制剂和一种或多种疫苗、抗原、抗体、细胞毒素剂、过敏原、抗生素、反义寡核苷酸、TLR激动剂、TLR拮抗剂、肽、蛋白质、基因治疗载体、DNA疫苗、佐剂、激酶抑制剂、抗病毒剂、抗疟药或共刺激分子或它们的组合结合施用。
在本发明的几个方面,所述IRO化合物与肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)活动抑制剂结合使用。TNF由身体免疫系统制造,患有自身免疫疾病例如类风湿性关节炎、幼年特发性关节炎、强直性脊柱炎、银屑病关节炎和斑块型银屑病的个体在体内具有过量的TNF。同样的,IRO和抑制TNF活性的抗炎剂的组合施用可用于治疗和/或预防具有自身免疫性和/或炎症性要素的疾病。
在抑制TNF并会有益于与IRO结合的抗炎剂的实施例中有依那西普(Enbrel)、因福利美(Remicade)和阿达木单抗(Humira)。人体保护自身抵抗疾病的一种方法是通过增加流向身体受影响区域的血流。这种增加的血流允许渗透免疫细胞和产生促炎性细胞因子和趋化因子,这导致炎症。这种炎症过程中涉及的细胞因子之一是TNF。这些TNF抑制剂结合TNF并帮助防止由这种分子介导的促炎性活动。这种促炎性活动的抑制有助于抑制炎症性疾病,该炎症性疾病包括但不局限于,类风湿性关节炎、多关节型幼年特发性关节炎、银屑病关节炎、强直性脊柱炎和斑块型银屑病。
在一些优选的实施方案中,用药途径为肠外、粘膜传递、口服、舌下、经皮、局部、吸入、鼻内、喷雾、眼内、气管内、直肠内、阴道、通过基因枪、皮肤贴片或滴眼剂或漱口水的形式。
附图说明
图1示出通过皮内注射根据实施例2所述的II型牛胶原蛋白/CFA,在实验用患有关节炎的小鼠的疾病打分,并示出TLR7和TLR9IRO拮抗剂用于增强TNF抑制剂活性的能力。
图2示出通过皮内注射根据实施例2所述的II型牛胶原蛋白/CFA,实验用患有关节炎的小鼠中的炎症和骨侵蚀,并说明了TLR7和TLR9IRO拮抗剂用于提高或增强TNF抑制剂的抗炎活性的能力,导致明显降低关节炎关节中的骨丢失。
图3示出通过皮内注射根据实施例2所述的II型牛胶原蛋白/CFA,实验用患有关节炎的小鼠中的软骨损伤,并说明了TLR7和TLR9 IRO拮抗剂用于提高或增强TNF抑制剂的抗炎活性的能力,显著保留了关节炎关节中的软骨组织。
图4示出通过皮内注射根据实施例2所述的II型牛胶原蛋白/CFA,实验用患有关节炎的小鼠的后爪肿胀,并说明了TLR7和TLR9 IRO拮抗剂用于提高或增强TNF抑制剂的抗炎活性的能力,导致关节炎关节的炎症显著下降。
图5示出通过皮内注射根据实施例2所述的II型牛胶原蛋白/CFA,实验用患有关节炎的小鼠的Th2抗体应答,并说明了TLR7和TLR9 IRO拮抗剂用于提高或增强TNF抑制剂对Th2抗体应答抑制的能力。
图6示出通过皮内注射根据实施例2所述的II型牛胶原蛋白/CFA,实验用患有关节炎的小鼠的Th1抗体应答,并说明了TNF抑制剂对Th1抗体应答的效果有限,而TLR7和TLR9 IRO拮抗剂具有抑制Th1的抗体应答的能力,甚至在TNF抑制剂存在的情况下。
图7示出通过皮内注射根据实施例2所述的II型牛胶原蛋白/CFA,实验用患有关节炎的小鼠的Th1型抗体应答(例如,IFN-γ),并说明了TNF抑制剂对Th1抗体应答的效果有限,而TLR7和TLR9 IRO拮抗剂具有抑制Th1抗体应答的能力。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及具有自身免疫性或炎症性要素的疾病的治疗和预防。本发明提供新型免疫调节寡核苷酸(IRO)化合物作为TLR拮抗剂,其能增强充当TNF-α抑制剂的抗炎剂的活性,因此允许这类TNF-α抑制剂的使用剂量更低,以减轻它们的不希望有的副作用。具体的,本发明提供免疫调节寡核苷酸(IRO)化合物作为Toll样受体(TLR)的拮抗剂,其与其他抗炎剂结合以抑制和/或阻止选定的免疫反应。这些IRO具有响应于内源性和/或外源性TLR配体或激动剂而抑制和/或阻止TLR介导信号的独特序列。在此引用的参考文献反映了本领域的知识水平,并且在此通过引用全部并入。所引用参考文献的公开内容与本说明书之间的任何冲突应该有利于后者解决。
本发明提供用于阻止不适当的免疫反应的方法,该方法能用于免疫疗法,例如,但不局限于,治疗成人和患儿的癌症、自身免疫性紊乱、哮喘、呼吸过敏症、食物过敏、皮肤过敏、系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)、关节炎、胸膜炎、慢性感染、炎症性疾病、炎症性肠病、脓毒症、和细菌、寄生虫和病毒性感染和兽医学应用。因此,本发明进一步提供与抑制TNF的抗炎剂结合的本发明IRO化合物,所述抗炎剂可与例如DNA疫苗、抗原、抗体、抗病毒剂、抗疟药(例如氯喹和羟基氯喹)和过敏原结合使用,以及与化疗剂(传统疗法和现代靶向疗法)和/或用于预防和治疗疾病的反义寡核苷酸结合使用。
术语“寡核苷酸”一般指的是包括多个键合的核苷单元的多核苷酸。这种寡核苷酸可从现有的核酸源获得,该核酸源包括基因组或cDNA,但是优选通过合成方法生产。在优选实施方案中,每个核苷单元相对于野生型寡核苷酸可能包括各种化学修饰和取代,包括但不局限于改性核酸碱基和/或改性糖单元。化学修饰的例子是本领域技术人员已知的,例如在Uhlmann等人(1990)Chem.Rev.90:543;在Synthesis and Properties&Synthesis and Analytical Techniques(Agrawal,ed.,Humana Press,Totowa,USA,1993)中的″Protocols forOligonucleotides and Analogs″;Hunziker等人(1995)Mod.Syn.Methods7:331-417;和Crooke等人(1996)Ann.Rev.Pharm.Tox.36:107-29中已有描述。核苷残基可通过众多已知的核苷间连键中的任何一个而相互耦合。所述核苷间连键包括,但不局限于,磷酸双酯键、硫代磷酸、二硫代磷酸酯、烷基膦酸酯、烷基硫代膦酸酯、磷酸三酯、氨基磷酸酯、硅氧烷、碳酸根、烷氧羰、乙酰亚胺(acetamidate)、氨基甲酸酯、吗啉、硼烷、硫醚、桥连氨基磷酸酯、桥连亚甲基膦酸酯、桥连硫代磷酸和砜核苷间连键。所述术语“寡核苷酸”也包括具有一个或多个立体定向的核苷间连键(例如(RP)-or(SP)-硫代磷酸、烷基膦酸酯或磷酸三酯键)的多核苷酸。在此使用时,所述术语“寡核苷酸”和“二核苷酸”特别意在包括具有这种核苷间连键的多核苷酸和二核苷酸,不论连键是否包括磷酸基。在某些优选实施方案中,这些核苷间连键可能是磷酸双酯键、硫代磷酸、或二硫代磷酸酯键或它们的组合。
术语“2′-取代核糖核苷”或“2′-取代阿糖胞苷”一般包括核糖核苷或阿糖核苷,其中位于戊糖基团的2′位的羟基被取代制得2′-取代或2′-O-取代核糖核苷。在某些实施方案中,所述取代为采用更低含量的包括1-6个饱和或不饱和碳原子的烃基、采用卤素原子或采用6-10个碳原子的芳基,其中所述烃基或芳基可以是未被取代的或是被取代的,例如采用环、羟基、三氟甲基、氰基、硝基、酰基、酸基、烷氧基、羧基、烷氧羰基或氨基。2′-O-取代核糖核苷或2′-O-取代-阿糖胞苷的例子包括但不局限于2′-氨基、2′-氟代、2′-烯丙基、2′-O-烷基和2′-炔丙基核糖核苷或阿糖胞苷、2′-O-甲基核糖核苷或or 2′-O-甲基阿糖胞苷和2′-O-甲氧基乙氧基核糖核苷或2′-O-甲氧基乙氧基阿糖胞苷。
术语“3′”定向使用时,一般指的是在多核苷酸或寡核苷酸中距同一多核苷酸或寡核苷酸中的另一区域或位置的区域或位置3′(下游)。
术语“5′”定向使用时,一般指的是在多核苷酸或寡核苷酸中距同一多核苷酸或寡核苷酸中的另一区域或位置的区域或位置5′(上游)。
术语“约”一般表示确切数字并不关键。因此,在寡核苷酸中核苷残基的数量不是关键的,并且少一个或两个核苷残基或具有一个至数个额外核苷残基的寡核苷酸认为是上述实施例中每一实施例的等同。
术语“佐剂”一般指的是一种物质,当该物质加入到免疫原性剂例如疫苗或抗原中时,其会根据接触的混合剂提高或增强对受体宿主体内的制剂的免疫反应。
术语“激动剂”一般指的是与细胞受体结合并引起反应的物质。所述反应可以是受体介导的活性的增加。激动剂经常模拟自然生成的物质例如配体的行为。
术语“拮抗剂”或“抑制剂”一般指的是可与受体结合但结合时不产生生物反应的物质。拮抗剂或抑制剂能阻止、抑制或衰减由激动剂介导的响应,并且可能与激动剂为与受体结合而竞争。所述拮抗剂或抑制剂的活动可以是可逆的或不可逆的。
术语“抑制TNF的抗炎剂”或“抑制TNF-α的抗炎剂”一般指的是具有通过抑制TNF和其受体之间的相互作用减少炎症的能力的物质。所述抗炎剂的例子包括但不局限于TNF抑制剂依那西普(Enbrel)、因福利美(Remicade)和阿达木单抗(Humira)。
术语“气道炎症”一般包括,但不局限于哮喘。
术语“过敏原”一般指的是抗原或分子的抗原性部分,通常是蛋白质,当与主体接触时,其会引起过敏反应。通常,例如通过风团和扩口试验或所属领域内已知的任何方法,主体对所述过敏原过敏。分子被说成是一种过敏原,即使只有很小的主体子集接触到所述分子时显示过敏性免疫反应。
术语“过敏”一般指的是一种不适当的免疫反应,其特征为炎症且包括但不局限于食物过敏和呼吸过敏。
术语“抗原”一般指的是经确认并由抗体或T-cell抗原受体选择性结合,导致诱导免疫反应的物质。抗原可能包括但不局限于肽、蛋白质、核苷、核苷酸和它们的组合。抗原可以是天然的或合成的,并且一般引起对其抗原特异性的免疫反应。
术语“抗病毒剂”一般指的是具有如下能力的制剂:杀死病毒、阻止它们复制、细胞结合或其他基本功能并因此抑制它们的繁殖和复制能力。所述制剂可能通过刺激细胞对病毒的防御起作用。
术语“自身免疫性紊乱”一般指的是“自身”成分经受免疫系统攻击的紊乱。
术语“TLR介导的疾病”或“TLR介导的紊乱”一般表示一个或多个TLR的活化是其影响因素的任何病理状态。所述状态包括但不局限于癌症、自身免疫性紊乱、气道炎症、炎症性紊乱、传染病、皮肤病、过敏、哮喘和病原体引起的疾病。
术语“生理可接受的”一般指的是不妨碍IRO化合物的效果并适合生物系统例如细胞、细胞培养、组织或有机体的材料。优选地,生物系统是生命有机体,例如哺乳动物。
术语“载体”一般包括任何的赋形剂、稀释剂、填料、盐、缓冲液、稳定剂、增溶剂、油、脂质、脂质囊泡、微球、脂质包封或其他对于我们来说是所属领域制剂配方中众所周知的材料。可以理解,载体、赋形剂或稀释剂的特性取决于针对特定应用的给药途径。包括这些材料的制剂学可接受的配方的制备在例如Remington′s Pharmaceutical Sciences,18th Edition(Gennaro,ed.,MackPublishing Co.,Easton,PA,1990)中已有描述。
术语“共同施用”一般指的是在足够接近的时间内施用至少两种不同物质以调节免疫反应。共同施用指的是至少两种不同物质以任何顺序同时施用(以单剂或多剂施用),也可以是时间间隔约为多达相距数天。
术语“互补的”一般意为具有与核酸杂交的能力。所述杂交通常是互补链间氢键结合的结果,优选形成Watson-Crick或Hoogsteen碱基对,但是其他模式的氢键结合及碱基堆积也能导致杂交。
术语“具有自免疫性或炎症性要素的疾病或紊乱”意为具有部分或整体地由对自体抗原的免疫反应或由炎症引起的一种或多种症状的状态。
术语“有效量”或“充足量”一般指的是足够影响所期望的生物学效应如有益结果的量。因此“有效量”或“充足量”取决于其使用的环境。在施用用于调节对共同施用的抗原的免疫反应的成分的环境中,IRO化合物和抗原的有效量是与单独施用抗原时获得的免疫反应相比足以实现所期望的调节的量。有效量可以一次施用或多次施用。
术语“与......结合”一般意为在治疗病人的疾病或紊乱期间,应用IRO化合物和在治疗该疾病或紊乱方面有用并且不会有损于IRO化合物的免疫调节效果的制剂。所述结合治疗可能还包括多于单次施用IRO化合物和/或独自施用所述制剂。IRP化合物和/或该制剂的施用可以是通过相同或不同的路径。
术语“个体”或“主体”或“哺乳动物”一般指的是但不局限于人类、非人灵长类、大鼠、小鼠、猫、狗、马、黄牛、奶牛、猪、羊和兔子。
术语“激酶抑制剂”一般指的是拮抗或抑制依赖磷酸化的细胞的信号和/或细胞内生长途径的分子。激酶抑制剂可以是自然生成的或是合成的并且包括具有用作口服疗法潜能的小分子。激酶抑制剂具有迅速和特异性抑制目标激酶分子的活性的能力。蛋白激酶是有吸引力的药物靶点,部分是由于它们控制许多信号和生长途径并且包括众多不同的蛋白质。同样的,它们在涉及激酶信号的疾病的治疗中具有巨大的潜能,所述疾病包括癌症、心血管疾病、炎症性紊乱、糖尿病、黄斑变性和脑神经紊乱。激酶抑制剂的例子包括索拉菲尼(Nexavar)、Sutent达沙替尼、DasatinibTM、ZactimaTM、TykerbTM和STI571。
术语“核苷”一般指的是由糖,通常为包括核糖或脱氧核糖,以及嘌呤或嘧啶碱基的化合物。
术语“核苷酸”一般指的是包括附着于糖上的磷酸基的核苷。
在此使用时,术语“嘧啶核苷”指的是碱基成分是嘧啶碱基的核苷(例如,胞嘧啶(C)or胸腺嘧啶(T)或尿嘧啶(U))。类似的,术语“嘌呤核苷”指的是碱基成分是嘌呤碱基的核苷(例如,腺嘌呤(A)或鸟嘌呤(G))。
术语“类似物”或“衍生物”可互换使用,一般指的是任何具有修饰碱基和/或糖的嘌呤和/或嘧啶核苷酸或核苷。修饰碱基是非鸟嘌呤、胞嘧啶、腺嘌呤、胸腺嘧啶或尿嘧啶的碱基。修饰糖是非核糖或2′脱氧核糖的任何糖并且能被用于寡核苷酸主链。
术语“抑制”或“阻止”一般指的是响应降低或响应有质的差异,其可另外由响应的诱发和/或刺激引起。
术语“非核苷酸连接子”一般指的是任何的除了通过含磷键的、能够连接或被连接到寡核苷酸的连接子或部分。优选所述连接子在长度上为从约2埃到约200埃。
术语“核苷酸类键”一般指的是通过一个含磷键直接连接两个核苷的3′和5′羟基的直接的3′-5′键。
术语“寡核苷酸基序”一般指的是寡核苷酸序列,包括二核苷酸。“如果没有一个或更多修饰,就会有免疫刺激性的寡核苷酸基序”意为在亲本寡核苷酸中时有免疫刺激性,但在衍生的寡核苷酸中没有免疫刺激性的寡核苷酸基序,其中衍生的寡核苷酸基于亲本寡核苷酸,但具有一个或更多减少或消除免疫刺激的修饰。
术语CpG、C*pG、C*pG*和CpG*指的是有免疫刺激性并且包括胞嘧啶或胞嘧啶类似物和鸟嘌呤或鸟嘌呤类似物的寡核苷酸基序。
术语“治疗”一般指的是想要得到有益的或期望的效果的方法,其可能包括症状的缓和或延迟或改善病情恶化。
在第一方面,本发明提供一种免疫调节寡核苷酸(IRO)化合物。术语“IRO”指的是一种或多种TLR的拮抗剂的免疫调节寡核苷酸化合物,其中该化合物包括寡核苷酸基序和至少一个修饰,其中如果没有一个或更多抑制寡核苷酸基序的活性的修饰,那么寡核苷酸基序将有免疫刺激性(例如,未甲基化的CpG),规定该化合物含有少于3个连续的鸟苷酸。所述修饰可能是在寡核苷酸5′末端、在侧面接在寡核苷酸基序的序列上和/或在寡核苷酸基序内。这些修饰制成了一种阻止TLR调节的免疫刺激的IRO化合物。所述修饰可以是针对碱基、糖残基、和/或侧面连于寡核苷酸基序或在寡核苷酸基序内的核苷酸/核苷的磷酸基。
在优选的实施方案中,当修饰是在2′烷基化或烷氧基化时,那么该修饰不是5′毗连寡核苷酸基序;当修饰是不饱和核苷间连键时,那么该修饰不是在5′毗连寡核苷酸基序;并且当修饰是3′烷基化或烷氧基化时,那么该修饰不是5′或3′毗连寡核苷酸基序。
在优选实施方案中,IRO化合物不是反义寡核苷酸。
IRO化合物的常规结构可被表示为5′-Nm-N3N2N1CGN1N2N3-Nm-3′,其中CG是有免疫刺激性的基序,且C是胞嘧啶或嘧啶核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子,且G是鸟苷或嘌呤核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子;N1-N3和N1-N3在每一次出现时独立地为核苷酸或核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子;Nm和Nm,在每一次出现时独立地为核苷酸或核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子;规定N1到N3和/或C和/或G中的至少一个是核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子;并且进一步规定,化合物含有少于4个连续的鸟苷酸,优选3个连续的鸟苷酸,其中CG的免疫刺激活性被核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子阻止;并且其中m是从0到约30的数字。
在本发明的某些实施方案中,IRO化合物可能包括至少2个寡核苷酸,其在它们的5′-,3′-,或2′-末端被核苷酸类键或非核苷酸连接子共价键合,或由功能化糖或功能化碱基通过非核苷酸连接子或核苷酸类键共价键合。所述IRO化合物可能是枝化的或未枝化的。作为一个非限制性的实施方案,该连接子可与3′-羟基连接。在所述实施方案中,所述连接子包括官能团,该官能团借助于磷酸盐类键,例如磷酸双酯键、硫代磷酸、二硫代磷酸酯、甲基膦酸脂或非磷酸盐类键与3′-羟基连接。核糖核苷酸可能的共轭位置表示在分子式I中,如下,其中,B代表杂环基,且其中指向P的箭头代表到磷的任何连接。
在一些实施方案中,非核苷酸连接子是小分子、大分子或生物分子,包括,但不局限于,多肽、抗体、脂质、抗原、过敏原和低聚糖。在另外一些实施方案中,非核苷酸连接子是小分子。根据本发明,小分子是分子量小于1000Da的有机物。在一些实施方案中,小分子分子量小于750Da。
在一些实施方案中,小分子是脂肪族或芳香族烃,它们中任选的任何一种,可以直链方式连接到寡核糖核苷酸或附加到其上,可包括一种或更多官能团,其包括,但不局限于羟基、氨基、硫醇、硫醚、乙醚、酰胺、硫代酰胺、酯、尿素或硫脲。该小分子可以是环状的或无环的。小分子连接子的例子包括,但不局限于,氨基酸、碳水化合物、环糊精、金刚烷、胆固醇、半抗原和抗生素。然而,为了描述非核苷酸的连接子,术语“小分子”并不打算包括核苷。
在一些实施方案中,非核苷酸的连接子为烷基连接子或氨基连接子。该烷基连接子可能是枝化的或未枝化的,环状的或无环的,被取代的或未被取代的,饱和的或未饱和的,手性的、非手性的、或外消旋混合物。烷基连接子可以具有从约2到约18个碳原子。在一些实施方案中,所述烷基连接子具有从约3到约9个碳原子。一些烷基连接子,包括1个或更多个官能团,包括但不局限于,羟基、氨基、硫醇、硫醚、乙醚、酰胺、硫代酰胺、酯、尿素和硫醚。所述烷基连接子可包括,但不局限于,1,2丙二醇、1,2,3丙三醇、1,3丙二醇、三甘醇六甘醇、聚乙二醇连接子(例如,[-O-CH2-CH2-]n(n=1-9))、甲基连接子、乙基连接子、丙基连接子、丁基连接子或己基连接子。在一些实施方案中,所述烷基连接子可能包括肽或氨基酸。
在一些实施方案中,非核苷酸连接子可能包括、但不局限于表2列出的物质。
表2:非核苷酸连接子代表
非核苷酸连接子序号 | 化学成分 |
1 | 丙三醇(1,2,3-丙三醇) |
2 | 1,2,4,丁三醇 |
3 | 2-(羟甲基)-1,3-丙二醇 |
4 | 2-(羟甲基)1,4-丁二醇 |
5 | 1,3,5-戊三醇 |
6 | 1,1,1-三(羟甲基)乙烷 |
7 | 1,1,1-三(羟甲基)硝基甲烷 |
8 | 1,1,1-三(羟甲基)丙烷 |
9 | 1,2,6-己三醇 |
10 | 3-甲基-1,3,5-戊三醇 |
11 | 1,2,6-甲基-1,3,5-戊三醇 |
12 | 1,2,3-庚三醇 |
13 | 2-氨基-2-(羟甲基)-1,3-丙二醇 |
14 | N-[三(羟甲基)甲基]丙烯酰胺 |
15 | 顺-1,3,5-环己烷三醇 |
16 | 顺-1,3,5-三(羟甲基)环己烷 |
17 | 1,3,5-三羟基-苯 |
18 | 3,5-二(羟甲基)苯酚 |
19 | 1,3,5-二(羟甲基)苯 |
20 | 1,3-二(羟乙氧基)-2-羟基-丙烷 |
21 | 1,3-二(羟丙氧基)-2-羟基-丙烷 |
22 | 2-脱氧-D-核糖 |
23 | 1,2,4-三羟基-苯 |
24 | D-半乳糖 |
25 | 1,6-脱水-β-D-葡萄糖 |
26 | 1,3,5-三(2-羟乙基)-三聚氰酸 |
27 | 没食子酸 |
28 | 3,5,7-三羟基黄酮 |
29 | 4,6-硝基邻苯三酚 |
30 | 乙二醇 |
31 | 1,3-丙二醇 |
32 | 1,2-丙二醇 |
33 | 1,4-丁二醇 |
33 | 1,3-丁二醇 |
34 | 2,3-丁二醇 |
35 | 1,4-丁二醇 |
36 | 1,5-戊二醇 |
37 | 2,4-戊二醇 |
38 | 1,6-己二醇 |
39 | 1,2-己二醇 |
40 | 1,5-己二醇 |
41 | 2,5-己二醇 |
42 | 1,7-庚二醇 |
43 | 1,8-辛二醇 |
44 | 1,2-辛二醇 |
45 | 1,9-壬二醇 |
46 | 1,12-癸二醇 |
47 | 三甘醇 |
48 | 四甘醇 |
49 | 六甘醇 |
50 | 2-(1-氨丙基)-1,3-丙二醇 |
51 | 1,2-二脱氧核糖 |
在一些实施方案中,小分子连接子是丙三醇或分子式为HO-(CH2)o-CH(OH)-(CH2)p-OH的丙三醇同系物,其中,o和p独立地为从1到约6,从1到约4,或从1到约3的整数。在其他的一些实施方案中,小分子连接子是1,3-二氨基-2-羟基丙烷的衍生物。这些所述衍生物具有分子式HO-(CH2)m-C(O)NH-CH2-CH(OH)-CH2-NHC(O)-(CH2)m-OH,其中,m是从0到约10,从0到约6,从2到约6,或从2到约4的整数。
本发明所述的一些非核苷酸连接子允许结合超过2个寡核苷酸。例如,小分子连接子丙三醇具有三个与寡核苷酸共价结合的羟基。本发明所述的一些IRO,因此,包括2个或更多连接到核苷酸类或非核苷酸连接子的寡核苷酸。这些IRO被称作是“枝化的”。
在一些实施方案中,IRO化合物可能包括至少2个非共价连接的寡核苷酸,例如通过静电相互作用、疏水相互作用、π-堆积相互作用、氢键,和它们的组合。这种非共价键连接的非限制性的例子包括Watson-Crick碱基配对、Hoogsteen碱基配对和碱基堆积。
在表3中示出能够连接两个或更多寡核苷酸的一些方法。
表3:寡核糖核苷酸分子式IV-XI
在某些实施方案中,用于本发明所述的成分和方法中的免疫调节寡核苷酸中的嘧啶核苷具有结构(II):
其中
D是氢键供体;
D′选自包括氢、氢键供体、氢键受体、亲水基团、疏水基团、吸电子基团、给电子基团的群组;
A是氢键受体或亲水基团;
A′选自包括氢键受体、亲水基团、疏水基团、吸电子基团、给电子基团的群组;
X碳或氮;并且
S′是戊糖或己糖环,或糖类似物,或改性糖。
在某些实施方案中,糖环采用磷酸盐结构衍生化,修饰的磷酸盐结构或其他连接子结构适合将嘧啶核苷连接到另一个核苷或核苷类似物。
在一些实施方案中,氢键供体包括,但不局限于,-NH-,-NH2,-SH,和-OH。优选氢键受体包括,但不局限于,C=O,C=S,和芳香杂环的环中氮原子,例如,胞嘧啶的N3。
在一些实施方案中,(II)是嘧啶核苷衍生物。嘧啶核苷衍生物的例子包括,但不局限于,5-羟基胞嘧啶、5-羟甲基胞嘧啶、N4-烷基胞嘧啶或N4-乙基胞嘧啶、阿糖C、5-OH-dC、N3-Me-dC和4-硫脲嘧啶。化学修饰的衍生物还包括,但不局限于,胸腺嘧啶或尿嘧啶类似物。在一些实施方案中,(II)中的糖结构S′是一种糖衍生物。合适的糖衍生物包括,但不局限于,海藻糖或海藻糖衍生物,己糖或己糖衍生物,阿拉伯糖或阿拉伯糖衍生物。
在一些实施方案中,用于本发明所述的成分和方法中的免疫调节寡核苷酸中的嘌呤核苷具有结构(III):
其中:
D是氢键供体;
D′选自包括氢、氢键供体和亲水基团的群组;
A是氢键受体或亲水基团;
X碳或氮;
每一个L独立的选自包括C、O、N和S的群组;并且
S′是戊糖或己糖环,或糖类似物,或改性糖。
在某些实施方案中,糖环采用磷酸盐结构衍生化,修饰的磷酸盐结构或其他连接子结构适合将嘧啶核苷连接到另一个核苷或核苷类似物。
在某些实施方案中,氢键供体包括,但不局限于,-NH-,-NH2,-SH,和-OH。在某些实施方案中,氢键受体包括,但不局限于,C=O,C=S,-NO2,和芳香杂环的环中氮原子,例如,鸟嘌呤的N1。
在一些实施方案中,(III)是嘌呤核苷衍生物。嘌呤核苷衍生物的例子包括,但不局限于,鸟嘌呤类似物例如7-去氮-G,7-去氮-dG,ara-G,6-硫-G,肌苷,Iso-G,洛索立宾,TOG(7-硫-8-氧)-G,8-溴-G,8-羟基-G,5-氨基间型霉素B,氧间型霉素,7-甲基-G,9-p-氯苯基-8-氮杂-G,9-苯基-G,9-己基-鸟嘌呤,7-去氮-9-苯甲基-G,6-氯-7-去氮鸟嘌呤,6-甲氧基-7-去氮鸟嘌呤,8-氮杂-7-去氮-G(PPG),2-(二甲氨基)鸟苷,7-甲基-6-硫鸟苷,8-苄氧基鸟苷,9-去氮鸟苷,1-(B-D-呋喃核苷)-2-氧-7-去氮-8-甲基-嘌呤,或1-(2′-脱氧-β-D-呋喃核苷)-2-氧-7-去氮-8-甲基-嘌呤。化学修饰衍生物还包括,但不局限于,腺嘌呤类似物例如9-苯甲基-8-羟基-2-(2-甲氧基乙基)腺嘌呤,2-氨基-N2-O-,甲基腺苷,8-氮杂-7-去氮-A,7-去氮-A,阿糖腺苷,2-氨基腺苷,N1-甲基腺苷,8-氮杂腺苷,5-碘代杀结核霉素和N1-Me-dG。在一些实施方案中,(III)中的糖结构S′是一种如化学式II定义的糖衍生物。
在本发明的某些实施方案中,免疫调节核酸包括一个核酸序列,其包括至少一个B-L-脱氧核苷或3′-脱氧核苷。
在本发明的某些实施方案中,免疫调节寡核苷酸包括一个核酸序列,其包括至少一个选自CpG、C*pG、C*pG*和CpG*的二核苷酸,其中,C是胞嘧啶或2′-脱氧胞苷,G是鸟苷或2′-脱氧鸟苷,C*是2′-脱氧胸腺嘧啶核苷,1-(2′-脱氧-β-D-呋喃核苷)-2-氧-7-去氮-8-甲基-嘌呤,2′-双脱氧-5-卤代胞嘧啶,2′-双脱氧-5-硝基胞嘧啶,阿糖胞苷,2′-脱氧-2′-取代阿糖胞苷,2′-O-取代阿糖胞苷,2′-脱氧-5-羟基胞苷,2′-脱氧-N4-烷基-胞苷,2′-脱氧-4-硫代尿苷,或其他嘧啶核苷类似物,G*是2′-脱氧-7-去氮鸟苷,2′-脱氧-6-硫鸟苷,阿糖鸟苷,2′-脱氧-2′取代-阿糖鸟苷,2′-O-取代-阿糖鸟苷,2′-脱氧肌苷,或其他嘌呤核苷类似物,并且p是核苷间键,选自包括磷酸双酯键、硫代磷酸和二硫代磷酸酯的组群,并且,其中至少一种二核苷酸的活性由侧翼序列控制。
在这些常规序列中,特定IRO的序列包括、但不局限于表4a中所示的这些。
表4a:
IRO/SEQ ID号: | 序列 |
5 | 5′-CTATCTGACGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
7 | 5′-CTATCTGACGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
17 | 5′-CTATCTGACG1TTCTCTGT-3′ |
37 | 5′-CTATCTGACG4TTCTCTGT-3′ |
39 | 5′-CTATCTGAC4GTTCTCTGT-3′ |
41 | 5′-CTATCTGAC5GTTCTCTGT-3′ |
43 | 5′-CTATCTGAC6GTTCTCTGT-3′ |
45 | 5′-CTATCTGACG5TTCTCTGT-3′ |
47 | 5′-CTATCTGAC7GTTCTCTGT-3′ |
64 | 5′-CTATCTAACGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
67 | 5′-CTATCTAACG1TTCTCTGT-3′ |
22 | 5′-CTATCTGAmCGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
9 | 5′-CTATCTGUCGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
10 | 5′-CTATCTGUCGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
19 | 5′-CTATCTGUCG1TTCTCTGT-3′ |
38 | 5′-CTATCTGUCG4TTCTCTGT-3′ |
40 | 5′-CTATCTGUC4GTTCTCTGT-3′ |
42 | 5′-CTATCTGUC5GTTCTCTGT-3′ |
44 | 5′-CTATCTGUC6GTTCTCTGT-3′ |
46 | 5′-CTATCTGUCG5TTCTCTGT-3′ |
48 | 5′-CTATCTGUC7GTTCTCTGT-3′ |
66 | 5′-CTATCTAUCGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
69 | 5′-CTATCTAUCG1TTCTCTGT-3′ |
65 | 5′-CTATCTAGCGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
68 | 5′-CTATCTAGCG1TTCTCTGT-3′ |
23 | 5′-CTATCTGmACGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
24 | 5′-CTATCTGmAmCGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
25 | 5′-CTATCTGAC2GTTCTCTGT-3′ |
27 | 5′-CTATCTGTC2GTTCTCTGT-3′ |
33 | 5′-CTATCTGAC3GTTCTCTGT-3′ |
35 | 5′-CTATCTGTC3GTTCTCTGT-3′ |
26 | 5′-CTATCTGACG2TTCTCTGT-3′ |
28 | 5′-CTATCTGTCG2TTCTCTGT-3′ |
34 | 5′-CTATCTGACG3TTCTCTGT-3′ |
36 | 5′-CTATCTGTCG3TTCTCTGT-3′ |
21 | 3′-TCTTGCAGTCT-X2-TCTGACGTTCT-3′ |
52 | 5′-CCTACTAGCGTX1CTCATC-3′ |
53 | 5′-CCTACTAGCGX1TCTCATC-3′ |
54 | 5′-CCTACTAG3CGTTCTCATC-3′ |
55 | 5′-TCCATGA1CGTTCCTGATGC-3′ |
56 | 5′-CTATCTGAC2G2TTCTCTGT-3′ |
57 | 5′-C2T2A2T2C2T2G2A2C2G2T2T2C2T2C2T2G2T2-3′ |
29 | 5′-CTATCTGAX1GTTCTCTGT-3′ |
30 | 5′-CTATCTGACX1TTCTCTGT-3′ |
31 | 5′-CTATCTGTX1GTTCTCTGT-3′ |
32 | 5′-CTATCTGTCX1TTCTCTGT-3′ |
61 | 5′-CTATCTAGCGTX1CTCTGT-3′ |
62 | 5′-CTATCTAGCGX1TCTCTGT-3′ |
63 | 5′-CTATCTAGCGX1X1CTCTGT-3′ |
58 | 5′-CTATCTGACGTX3CTCTGT-3′ |
59 | 5′-CTATCTGACGX3TCTCTGT-3′ |
60 | 5′-CTATCTGACGX3X3CTCTGT-3′ |
70 | 5′-CTATCTAGCGTX3CTCTGT-3′ |
71 | 5′-CTATCTAGCGX3TCTCTGT-3′ |
72 | 5′-CTATCTAGCGX3X3CTCTGT-3′ |
74 | 5′-CTATCTGACGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
76 | 5′-CCTACTAG6CGTTCTCATC-3′ |
77 | 5′-TCCATGACGU1TCCTGATGC-3′ |
78 | 5′-CTATCTGX2CGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
79 | 5′-CTATCTX2ACGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
80 | 5′-CTATCTU2ACGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
81 | 5′-CTATCTGU2CGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
82 | 5′-CTATCTGACGX2TCTCTGT-3′ |
83 | 5′-CTATCTGACGTX2CTCTGT-3′ |
84 | 5′-CTATCTGX3CGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
85 | 5′-CTATCTX3ACGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
86 | (5′-TCTGACGTTCT)2X2 |
87 | (5′-TCTGACG1TTCT)2X2 |
88 | (5′-TCTGACG4TTCT)2X2 |
89 | (5′-TCTCTGACGTT)2X2 |
90 | 5′-TCTGACG1TTCT-X3-TGACCGGTCA-3′ |
91 | (5′-TCTGUCGTTCT)2X2 |
92 | (5′-TCTGUCG1TTCT)2X2 |
93 | (5′-TCTGACG4TTCT)2X2 |
94 | (5′-TCTGACG1TT)2X2 |
95 | 5′-TCTGACG1TTCT-X3-TCAACCACACA-3′ |
96 | 5′-CTATCTGACG1TTCTCUGU-3′ |
97 | 5′-CTATCTGUCG1TTCTCUGU-3′ |
98 | (5′-UGUCG1TTCT)2X2 |
99 | (5′-UGACG1TTCT)2X2 |
带下划线的G、A或U=2′-OMe;带下划线的T=3′-OMe;A1=3′-OMe;G1=7-去氮-dG;m=P-Me;A2、T2、C2和G2=B-L-脱氧核苷;X1=无碱基;X2=丙三醇连接子,X3=C3-连接子;C3和G3=3′-脱氧-核苷;G4=araG;C4=araC;C5=5-OH-dC;G6=N2-Me-dG;C6=1-(2′-脱氧-β-D-呋喃核苷)-2-氧-7-去氮-8-甲基-嘌呤;G5=N1-Me-dG;C7=N3-Me-dC;U1=3′-OMe;U2=dU
控制寡核苷酸的序列可能包括表4b所示的这些。
表4b:
SEQ ID NO: | 序列 |
1 | 5′-CTATCTGACGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
2 | 5′-CTATCTGTCGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
3 | 5′-TCTGACG1TTCT-X2-TCTTG1CAGTCT-5′ |
4 | 5′-CTATCTCACCTTCTCTGT-5′ |
6 | 5′-CTATCTGACGUUCTCTGT-3′ |
49 | 5′-CTATCTAGCGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
50 | 5′-CTATCTAGCGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
6 | 5′-CTATCTGACGUUCTCTGT-3′ |
51 | 5′-CTATCTAGCGTTCTCTGT-3′ |
75 | 5′-CTATCTGACG1 UUCTCTGT-3′ |
带下划线的U=2′-OMe;带下划线的T=3′-OMe;G1=7-去氮-dG;X2=丙三醇连接子
在一些实施方案中,每一个寡核苷酸具有从约6到约35个核苷残基,优选从约9到约30个核苷残基,且更优选从约11到约23个核苷残基。在一些实施方案中,寡核苷酸具有从约6到约18个核苷残基。
第二方面,本发明提供了药物配方,其包括与抑制TNF的抗炎剂结合的本发明所述的IRO化合物和一种生理可接受的载体。
第三方面,本发明提供了用于抑制或阻止哺乳动物的自身免疫性或炎症性反应的诱导的方法,所述方法包括:与抑制TNF的抗炎剂结合向哺乳动物施用本发明的IRO化合物。在优选实施方案中,IRO化合物和抗炎剂被施用于需要免疫抑制的哺乳动物。
根据本发明的这一方面,IRO化合物能够阻止对其它TLR配体或TLR激动剂的免疫反应。由于TLR激动剂或TLR配体(例如,免疫调节寡核苷酸)的基于TLR的免疫反应的活化能够被同时、在先或在后施用IRO化合物所阻止/抑制,并且所述阻止/抑制可能在施用后维持持续的一段时间(例如,数天)。本发明这种有益的性质对疾病或紊乱的预防和/或治疗具有独一无二的优势。例如,在治疗疾病期间某种TLR-激动剂的应用可能会引起IRO化合物可能阻止或抑制的不希望的免疫刺激。与TLR-激动剂同时、在先或在后施用的IRO化合物的施用在阻止/抑制不希望的副作用(s)时可允许从TLR-激动剂获得疗效。此外,IRO的在先使用可防止对随后的或更后的TLR-激动剂的攻击的免疫反应(例如,过敏反应)。
在本发明这一方面所述的方法中,结合抑制TNF的抗炎剂施用IRO化合物可通过任何合适的途径包括,但不局限于,肠外、粘膜传递、口服、舌下、经皮、局部、吸入、鼻内、喷雾、眼内、气管内、直肠内、阴道、通过基因枪、皮肤贴片或滴眼剂或漱口水的形式。该治疗性成分的施用可通过使用已知的有效的剂量及时段规程以减轻疾病症状或替代标记实现。当系统施用时,该治疗性成分优选在有效剂量施用,以得到IRO化合物的血液浓度为从约0.0001微摩尔浓度到约10微摩尔浓度。对于局部施用,比这低得多的浓度可能是有效的,并且高得多的浓度也可被接受。优选地,IRO化合物的总剂量范围为从约0.001mg/人/天到约200mg/kg体重/天。同时或连续施用治疗有效量的一种或更多种本发明的治疗性成分于个体以作为一个单一的治疗阶段可能是满足需要的。
该IRO化合物可任选的被连接到一个或更多个抗原(自身的或外来的),免疫原性蛋白质,例如匙孔血蓝蛋白(KLH),霍乱毒素B亚单位,或任何其他的免疫原性载体蛋白。该IRO化合物也可与其他化合物(例如,佐剂)结合使用,其他化合物包括,但不局限于,TLR激动剂(例如,TLR2激动剂和TLR9激动剂),弗氏不完全佐剂,KLH,单磷酸脂质A(MPL),明矾,和皂苷,包括QS-21和喹啉莫特,或它们的组合。
本发明这一方面所述的方法对免疫系统的模型试验有用。这些方法也对人类或动物疾病的预防性或治疗性处理有用。例如,这些方法对小儿和兽医学的疫苗应用有用。
因此,在第四方面,本发明为临床治疗患具有自身免疫性或炎症性要素的疾病或紊乱的病人提供了方法,所述方法包括施用于病人以与抑制TNF的抗炎剂结合的本发明所述的IRO化合物。在各种实施方案中,要治疗的疾病或紊乱为癌症,自身免疫性紊乱、气道炎症、炎症性紊乱、传染性疾病、疟疾、莱姆病、眼部感染、结膜炎、皮肤病、银屑病、硬皮病、心血管疾病、动脉粥样硬化、慢性疲劳综合症、结节病、移植排斥反应、过敏、哮喘或病原体引起的疾病。病原体包括细菌、寄生虫、真菌、病毒、类病毒和朊病毒。优选病毒包括DNA或RNA病毒例如,但不局限于,双链DNA病毒(例如疱疹病毒、痘病毒、嗜肝病毒),单链DNA病毒(例如细小病毒),单链RNA病毒(例如小RNA病毒、披膜病毒、猪正豁病毒和弹状病毒),及列于表5中的那些。施用的实现如本发明的第三方面所描述的。
表5:
病毒: | 类型: |
巨细胞病毒 | dsDNA |
甲型肝炎病毒 | ssRNA |
乙型肝炎病毒 | dsDNA |
丙型肝炎病毒 | ssRNA |
丁型肝炎病毒 | ssRNA |
戊型肝炎病毒 | ssRNA |
单纯性疱疹病毒 | dsDNA |
人体免疫缺陷病毒 | ssRNA |
乳头瘤病毒 | dsDNA |
流感病毒A | ssRNA |
流感病毒B | ssRNA |
流感病毒C | ssRNA |
科罗拉多蜱热病毒 | dsRNA |
登革病毒 | ssRNA |
埃博拉病毒 | ssRNA |
柯萨奇A病毒 | ssRNA |
肠病毒71(EV71) | ssRNA |
水痘带状疱状病毒 | dsDNA |
拉沙病毒 | dsDNA |
马尔堡病毒 | ssRNA |
EB病毒/人类疱疹病毒4 | dsDNA |
诺如病毒 | ssRNA |
轮状病毒 | dsRNA |
JC病毒 | dsDNA |
狂犬病病毒 | ssRNA |
SARS-相关冠状病毒 | ssRNA |
天花病毒 | dsRNA |
人类呼吸道合胞病毒 | ssRNA |
腺病毒 | dsDNA |
人偏肺病毒 | ssRNA |
西尼罗病毒 | ssRNA |
黄热病病毒 | ssRNA |
小RNA病毒 | ssRNA |
麻疹病毒 | ssRNA |
腮腺炎病毒 | ssRNA |
脊髓灰质炎病毒 | ssRNA |
风疹病毒 | ssRNA |
日本脑炎病毒 | ssRNA |
Chandipura病毒 | ssRNA |
圣路易脑炎病毒 | ssRNA |
东方马脑脊髓炎病毒 | ssRNA |
西方马脑炎病毒 | ssRNA |
马脑脊髓炎病毒 | ssRNA |
在第五方面,本发明提供了预防具有自身免疫性或炎症性要素的疾病或紊乱的方法,所述方法包括施用于处于患所述疾病或紊乱的危险中的病人以与抑制TNF的抗炎剂结合的本发明所述的IRO化合物。“处于患所述疾病或紊乱的危险中的病人”是指已接触到致病因子或其他引起疾病或紊乱的环境因素不论疾病的症状是否已经显现的病人。在不同的实施方案中,被预防的疾病或紊乱是癌症,自身免疫性紊乱、气道炎症、炎症性紊乱、传染性疾病、疟疾、莱姆病、眼部感染、结膜炎、皮肤病、银屑病、硬皮病、心血管疾病、动脉粥样硬化、慢性疲劳综合症、结节病、移植排斥反应、过敏、哮喘或病原体引起的疾病。病原体包括细菌、寄生虫、真菌、病毒、类病毒和朊病毒。优选病毒包括DNA或RNA病毒例如,但不局限于,表5中所列。施用的实现如本发明第三方面所描述。
在本发明的这一方面所述的任何方法中,IRO化合物和抑制TNF的抗炎剂一起可以与任何其他的对治疗疾病有用的制剂或不会减少IRO化合物或抑制TNF的抗炎剂的免疫调节效果的条件结合施用。在本发明所述的任何方法中,对治疗疾病有用的制剂或条件包括,但不局限于,一种或更多种的疫苗、抗原、抗体、细胞毒素剂、过敏原、抗生素、反义寡核苷酸、TLR激动剂、TLR拮抗剂、肽、蛋白质、基因治疗载体、DNA疫苗、佐剂、抗病毒剂、抗疟药(例如氯喹和羟基氯喹),或增强免疫反应的特异性或强度的激酶抑制剂,或共刺激分子例如细胞因子、趋化因子、蛋白配基、反式作用因子、肽,和包括改性氨基酸的肽。例如,在癌症的治疗中,可以预期,IRO化合物可能会与一种或更多中化学治疗剂、靶向治疗剂、和/或单克隆抗体结合施用。作为一种选择,所述制剂可以包括抗原或过敏原的DNA载体编码。在这些实施方案中,本发明的IRO化合物充当各种佐剂和/或直接产生免疫调节效果。
下列实施例要进一步阐述本发明某些典型的实施方案,且并非要限制本发明的方法。例如,典型的TLR-配体显示在以下实施例中,但并不是要配体的范围于由本发明的IRO充当拮抗剂。
实施例1
包括免疫调节部分的寡核苷酸的合成
所有的IRO按照标准流程合成(见例如,公开号为2004/0097719的美国专利)。
寡核苷酸的合成量为1μM,使用自动DNA合成仪(Expedite 8909;珀金埃尔默,弗雷明汉,马萨诸塞州),按照标准线性合成或平行合成步骤(见,例如,公开号为2004/0097719的美国专利图5和6)合成。
脱氧核糖核苷亚磷酰胺由(Aldrich-Sigma,圣路易斯,密苏里州)获得。1′,2′-二脱氧核糖亚磷酰胺、丙基-1-亚磷酰胺、2-脱氧尿苷亚磷酰胺、1,3-二-[5-(4,4′-二甲氧三苯甲基)喷他脒]-2-丙醇亚磷酰胺和甲基亚磷酰胺可从GlenResearch(劳杜恩,弗吉尼亚州)得到。β-L-2′-脱氧核苷亚磷酰胺、α-2′-脱氧核苷亚磷酰胺、单-DMT-丙三醇亚磷酰胺和双-DMT-丙三醇亚磷酰胺可从ChemGenes(威尔明,马萨诸塞州)得到。(4-氨基丁基)-1,3-丙二醇亚磷酰胺可从Clontech(帕洛阿尔托,加利福尼亚州)得到。阿糖胞苷亚磷酰胺、阿糖鸟苷、阿糖胸苷和阿糖尿苷可从Reliable Pharmaceutical(圣路易斯,密苏里州)得到。阿糖鸟苷亚磷酰胺、阿糖胸苷亚磷酰胺和阿糖尿苷亚磷酰胺可由IderaPharmaceuticals,Inc.(坎布里奇,马萨诸塞州)(Noronha等人(2000)Biochem.39:7050-62)合成。
所有的核苷亚磷酰胺都以31P和1H核磁共振光谱表征。改性核苷使用常规耦合循环在特定位点结合。合成完成后,寡核苷酸使用高浓度氨水去保护,并采用反相HPLC纯化,然后透析。钠盐形式的纯化的寡核苷酸在使用之前需冻干。纯度测试使用CGE和MALDI-TOF MS。
实施例2
TLR7和TLR9的拮抗剂与TNF-a的抑制剂结合有效治疗关节炎
DBA/1小鼠的关节炎由在第0天皮内注射(i.d.)II型牛胶原蛋白(CII)/CFA及在第21天皮内注射CII/IFA引起。
小鼠被分成6组(n=8)。在第28天当每组中一半的小鼠显示出关节炎症状时治疗开始(score 1)。TLR7和TLR9拮抗剂(TLR拮抗剂)或Enbrel(TNF-α抑制剂)或这两种制剂的结合被每3天一次施用于小鼠直到第46天(共7剂)。第1、2和3组的小鼠通过皮下注射(s.c.)接受到1.25、2.5和5mg/kg的TLR拮抗剂,分别的,还有5mg/kg TNF-α抑制剂;第4组的小鼠通过皮下注射(s.c.)接受到5mg/kg的TLR拮抗剂;第5组的小鼠通过皮下注射(s.c.)接受到5mg/kg的TNF-α抑制剂i.p.;第6组的小鼠接受到vehicle(PBS)s.c。
临床评分。对所有小鼠每三天一次监控关节炎症状共21天。关节炎症状记为0:爪子没有肿胀;1:爪子至少有一个脚趾肿胀;2:爪子全部肿胀;3:爪子畸形或僵硬。对每只小鼠四个爪子中的每一个以最大值为12计分。数值显示在图1中,证明TLR拮抗剂与TNF-α抑制剂一起施用在治疗和预防关节炎的发展上比它们单独使用更有有效。更普遍的,这些数据证明TLR拮抗剂加上TNF-α抑制剂的组合对预防炎症性和自身免疫性疾病的发展有用。
关节炎症的抑制。在第58天,对小鼠实施安乐死,将后肢关节组织制备好,固定,使用苏木精和曙红染色,对关节组织进行组织结构评估白血球和骨侵蚀。数据显示在图2中,证明TLR拮抗剂与TNF-α抑制剂的一起施用在预防关节炎症和产生的骨侵蚀上比它们的单独使用更加有效。更普遍的,这些数据证明TLR拮抗剂加上TNF-α抑制剂的组合对抑制关节炎症、骨侵蚀和疾病的发展有用。软骨损伤的抑制。在第58天,对小鼠实施安乐死,将后肢关节组织制备好,固定,使用番红O染色,对关节组织进行组织结构评估软骨损伤。数据被显示在图3中,证明TLR拮抗剂与TNF-α抑制剂的一起施用在预防软骨损伤上比它们单独使用更加有效。更普遍的,这些数据证明TLR拮抗剂加上TNF-α抑制剂的组合对抑制软骨损伤和疾病的发展有用。
后爪肿胀。在第58天,对小鼠实施安乐死,对后爪进行评估并对肿胀打分(等级0(无肿胀)到等级3(严重肿胀))。数据被显示在图4中,证明TLR拮抗剂与TNF-α抑制剂的一起施用在预防组织肿胀上比它们单独使用更加有效。更普遍的,这些数据证明TLR拮抗剂加上TNF-α抑制剂的组合对抑制组织肿胀和疾病的发展有用。
IgG1(Th2型)抗体生成。在第58天,对小鼠实施安乐死,收集血清并分析IgG1(Th2型)抗体浓度。数据被显示在图5中,证明TLR拮抗剂与TNF-α抑制剂的一起施用有效抑制了IgG1抗体的生成,并且TLR拮抗剂与TNF-α抑制剂的一起施用在抑制IgG1抗体的生成上比它们单独使用更加有效。更普遍的,这些数据证明TLR拮抗剂加上TNF-α抑制剂的组合对抑制IgG1(Th2型)抗体的生成和疾病的发展有用。
IgG2a(Th1型)抗体生成。在第58天,对小鼠实施安乐死,收集血清并分析IgG2a(Th1型)抗体浓度。数据被显示在图6中,证明TLR拮抗剂与TNF-α抑制剂的一起施用有效抑制了IgG2a(Th1型)抗体的生成,并且TLR拮抗剂是引起IgG2a减少的制剂。更普遍的,这些数据证明TLR拮抗剂加上TNF-α抑制剂的组合对抑制IgG2a(Th1型)抗体的生成和疾病的发展有用。
IFN-γ的生成/免疫反应。在第58天,对小鼠实施安乐死,收集血清并分析IFN-γ(Th1型细胞因子)浓度作为Th1型免疫反应的指示剂。数据被显示在图7中,证明TLR拮抗剂与TNF-α抑制剂的一起施用有效抑制了IFN-γ(Th1型细胞因子),并且TLR拮抗剂是引起IFN-γ(Th1型免疫反应)减少的制剂。更普遍的,这些数据证明TLR拮抗剂加上TNF-α抑制剂的组合对抑制IFN-γ(Th1型免疫反应)和疾病的发展有用。
Claims (12)
1.一种有效治疗患具有自身免疫性或炎症性要素的疾病的哺乳动物的方法,该方法包括:以药学有效剂量对哺乳动物组合施用IRO化合物与抑制TNF的抗炎剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述IRO化合物和抑制TNF的抗炎剂与一种或多种疫苗、抗原、抗体、细胞毒素剂、过敏原、抗生素、反义寡核苷酸、TLR激动剂、TLR拮抗剂、肽、蛋白质、基因治疗载体、DNA疫苗、佐剂、激酶抑制剂、抗病毒剂或共刺激分子组合施用。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中施用所述IRO和抑制TNF的抗炎剂的途径独立地为肠外、粘膜传递、口服、舌下、经皮、局部、吸入、鼻内、喷雾、眼内、气管内、直肠内、阴道、通过基因枪、皮肤贴片或滴眼剂或漱口水形式。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中抑制TNF的抗炎剂是依那西普、因福利美或阿达木单抗。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中具有自身免疫性或炎症性要素的疾病是风湿性关节炎、银屑病关节炎、银屑病、葡萄膜炎、强直性脊柱炎、节段性回肠炎、肉状瘤病、结肠炎或癌症。
6.一种用于在具有患具有自身免疫性或炎症性要素的疾病或紊乱的风险的哺乳动物中预防该疾病或紊乱的方法,该方法包括:以药学有效剂量对哺乳动物施用IRO化合物和抑制TNF的抗炎剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中所述IRO化合物和抑制TNF的抗炎剂与一种或多种疫苗、抗原、抗体、细胞毒素剂、过敏原、抗生素、反义寡核苷酸、TLR激动剂、TLR拮抗剂、肽、蛋白质、基因治疗载体、DNA疫苗、佐剂、抗病毒剂或共刺激分子组合施用。
8.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中施用所述IRO和抑制TNF的抗炎剂的途径独立地为肠外、粘膜传递、口服、舌下、经皮、局部、吸入、鼻内、喷雾、眼内、气管内、直肠内、阴道、通过基因枪、皮肤贴片或滴眼剂或漱口水的形式。
9.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中抑制TNF的抗炎剂是依那西普、因福利美或阿达木单抗。
10.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中具有自身免疫性或炎症性要素的疾病是风湿性关节炎、银屑病关节炎、银屑病、葡萄膜炎、强直性脊柱炎、节段性回肠炎、肉状瘤病、结肠炎或癌症。
11.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述IRO化合物包括结构
5-Nm-N3N2N1CGN1N2N3-Nm-3′:
其中,
CG是寡核苷酸基序,且C是胞嘧啶或一种嘧啶核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子,而G是鸟苷或一种嘌呤核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子;
N1-N3和N1-N3在每次出现时独立地为核苷酸或核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子;
Nm和Nm在每次出现时独立地为核苷酸或核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子;
规定N1到N3和/或C和/或G中的至少一个是核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子;
其中,如果没有核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子,所述寡核苷酸基序会有免疫刺激性;
并且,其中m是从0到约30的数字。
12.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其中所述IRO化合物包括结构
5-Nm-N3N2N1CGN1N2N3-Nm-3′:
其中:
CG是寡核苷酸基序,且C是胞嘧啶或一种嘧啶核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子,G是鸟苷或一种嘌呤核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子;
N1-N3和N1-N3在每次出现时独立地为核苷酸或核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子;
Nm和Nm在每次出现时独立地为核苷酸或核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子;
规定N1到N3和/或C和/或G中的至少一个是核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子;
其中,如果没有核苷酸衍生物或非核苷酸连接子,所述寡核苷酸基序会有免疫刺激性;
并且,其中m是从0到约30的数字。
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WO2014082254A1 (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2014-06-05 | Changchun Huapu Biotechnology Co., Ltd | Inhibitory oligonucleotide and use thereof |
CN105051194A (zh) * | 2013-01-14 | 2015-11-11 | 萨勒普塔医疗公司 | 抑制性寡核苷酸及其在治疗中的用途 |
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KR101985382B1 (ko) | 2010-11-19 | 2019-06-03 | 이데라 파마슈티칼즈, 인코포레이티드 | 톨-유사 수용체 기반 면역 반응을 조절하기 위한 면역 조절 올리고뉴클레오타이드(iro) 화합물 |
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US11433131B2 (en) | 2017-05-11 | 2022-09-06 | Northwestern University | Adoptive cell therapy using spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) |
EP3707262A1 (en) | 2017-11-08 | 2020-09-16 | President and Fellows of Harvard College | Compositions and methods for inhibiting viral vector-induced inflammatory responses |
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WO2014082254A1 (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2014-06-05 | Changchun Huapu Biotechnology Co., Ltd | Inhibitory oligonucleotide and use thereof |
US9688992B2 (en) | 2012-11-29 | 2017-06-27 | Sbi Biotech Co., Ltd. | Inhibitory oligonucleotide and use thereof |
US10190122B2 (en) | 2012-11-29 | 2019-01-29 | Sbi Biotech Co., Ltd. | Inhibitory oligonucleotide and use thereof |
CN105051194A (zh) * | 2013-01-14 | 2015-11-11 | 萨勒普塔医疗公司 | 抑制性寡核苷酸及其在治疗中的用途 |
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US8987221B2 (en) | 2015-03-24 |
WO2010141483A2 (en) | 2010-12-09 |
EP2437791A2 (en) | 2012-04-11 |
WO2010141483A3 (en) | 2012-03-01 |
US20110171209A1 (en) | 2011-07-14 |
EP2437791B1 (en) | 2017-03-22 |
JP2012528867A (ja) | 2012-11-15 |
JP6275380B2 (ja) | 2018-02-07 |
ES2624767T3 (es) | 2017-07-17 |
CA2762206C (en) | 2017-06-27 |
CA2762206A1 (en) | 2010-12-09 |
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