CN102604710A - Device and method for preparing derived fuel by using city wastes - Google Patents
Device and method for preparing derived fuel by using city wastes Download PDFInfo
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- CN102604710A CN102604710A CN201210102833XA CN201210102833A CN102604710A CN 102604710 A CN102604710 A CN 102604710A CN 201210102833X A CN201210102833X A CN 201210102833XA CN 201210102833 A CN201210102833 A CN 201210102833A CN 102604710 A CN102604710 A CN 102604710A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and method for preparing a derived fuel by using city wastes. A primary selecting machine, a primary crusher, a winnowing machine, a primary metal classifier, a primary water extractor, a secondary crusher, a secondary metal classifier, a secondary water extractor, a stirrer, a derived fuel forming machine and a drier are sequentially connected in series between an exit of a rubbish yard and a feeding opening of a finished product yard through a transmission belt. Water outlets are arranged at the bottoms of the rubbish yard, the primary water extractor and the secondary water extractor, and are connected with an inlet of a sewage treatment device through a pipeline. An outlet of the sewage treatment device is connected with an inlet of a waste water tank through a pipeline, and a water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the waste water tank. The drier, a boiler and the waste water tank are respectively connected with a waste heat recovering device. Through adoption of the device and method, the heat load of the drier is effectively reduced, and the heating heat of the boiler is reduced. Furthermore, heat and water are recovered; the heating amount of the boiler is reduced; the energy consumption is effectively reduced; and the system economy is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the garbage as resource technical field, relate to a kind of refuse disposal system and method, particularly a kind of apparatus and method that the urban waste are converted into garbage derivatived fuel.
Background technology
About 1.55 hundred million tons of China urban waste in 2008, particularly the domestic refuse amount of clearing, about 7,000 ten thousand tons of county town and organic town's domestic refuse.Just with average annual 4～8% speed sharp increase, garbage-surrounded city has been the present situation of China's most city to domestic waste, and domestic waste is stacked and taken a large amount of soils and caused serious environmental to pollute; Realize that it is innoxious, minimizing, resource utilization, extremely urgent.In fact, rubbish is called as " a kind of resource that is misplaced the position ".Along with the progress of technology of garbage disposal, the resource value of rubbish progressively manifests, and the resource recovery is flourish with the regeneration industry in the world, and rubbish is described as " never exhausted mineral reserve ".The countries in the world treatment process is principle not cause secondary pollution, to reduce occupation of land down to reaching resource reutilization at present, roughly is divided into 4 kinds of landfill, burning, compost and sorting processing etc.
Landfill method: this is the main methods that China adopts at present, though this method is simple, reduced investment, treatment capacity are big, landfill method subtracts appearance, decrement poor; The resource utilization level is very low, takies a large amount of soils, and difficulty is day by day selected in the site; Percolate polluted underground water and soil; The odor pollution atmosphere, the methane gas that rubbish fermentation produces is fire and hidden peril of explosion, is discharged in the atmosphere and can produces Greenhouse effect again.
Burn:, can make the municipal wastes volume reduce 80%～90% although the urban solid garbage burning disposal has and subtracts that to hold effect remarkable; Sterilization thoroughly can thoroughly be killed pathogenic bacteria, and the objectionable constituent in the rubbish are decomposed fully, and because of the moisture height of domestic refuse, the combustion-supporting need of rubbish consumes mass energy, if deal with improperly, very easily produces the highly toxic substance dioxin, and with fume emission in atmosphere.It is thus clear that this treatment process only reaches minimizing, do not reach innoxious and resource utilization.
Compost: part realizes resource utilization, and garbage compost can produce fertilizer, helps big ecological benign cycle, and certain economic benefits is arranged, but compost merely, resource does not obtain maximum using; Long processing period does not have strict sorting, and the composting production fertilizer efficiency is not high, impurity is more, and these factors cause compost treatment rubbish to have certain difficulty, and treatment effect is unsatisfactory.
(recycling utilization on the basis of refuse classification) handled in sorting: the difference of utilizing the physical propertiess such as proportion, size, magnetic of various compositions in the rubbish; Adopt respectively roughly select, the method for gravity treatment, magnetic separation and pneumatic separation separates each thing; Be used for resource recycling then, accomplished to greatest extent to make the best use of everything and drop to bottom line to pollution, but its investment is bigger; Except that minority developed countries such as the U.S. used, majority state was not popularized as yet.
Because these above problems; Convert waste into derivatived fuel in recent years and come into one's own day by day, so-called garbage derivatived fuel (Refuse Derived Fuel is called for short RDF); Be exactly after the combustiblematerials in the domestic waste (like plastics, fiber, rubber, wood, food waste etc.) is passed through sub-sieve, dehydration, fragmentation, drying; Add additive, auxiliary binder, be compressed into the solid fuel of desired shape, be used for combustion heating after the drying.The calorific value of RDF generally (depends on the urban life level) between 3500～5000kCal/kg, be equivalent to low calorific value coal, can be used as the fuel of boiler of power plant, heating boiler, cement kiln etc., also can be used as the boiler oil of drying process, building heating etc.; Can burn separately, also can burn with other fuel mix.
There have been a lot of researchs and disclosed patent to relate to refuse classification (" a kind of municipal garbage separation system-application is open "-Chinese patent 201110071291) at present; RDF shaped device (" ring model extrusion machine "-Chinese patent 200720097548, " production equipment of garbage derivatived fuel "-Chinese patent 201020600050.0), the treatment process (" a kind of percolate does not have useless treatment process "-Chinese patent 201010203442.8, " garbage percolation liquid treating system and method "-Chinese patent 200410074744.4) of refuse leachate and other waste liquids and derive rubbish complete production technology and device (" Urban Domestic Waste Comprehensive Treatment is also produced method and the device of RDF "-Chinese patent 200810062211.2, " garbage fuel synthetic and burning electricity generation integral process and equipment "-Chinese patent 200610053182).
Yet; At present the urban waste is converted in common technology that the derivatived fuel municipal garbage adopted or the method and does not consider its drying problems mostly; Obviously the height of water cut can directly influence calorific value; Perhaps adopt other energy to come derivatived fuel is carried out drying in some method, this will cause the drying process power consumption high again, for example in Chinese Academy of Sciences's Engineering Thermophysics institute production test dry shared processing costs just to account for cost over half; Adopt the kerosene dry RDF that burns during Japan RDF produces, handle one ton of rubbish and need expend 56kg kerosene.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem; The present invention provides a kind of urban waste to make the apparatus and method of derivatived fuel; Purpose is to overcome present urban waste and makes drying or the high shortcoming of drying process energy consumption of not considering finished product in the derivatived fuel; Through to the drying machine outlet air and the heat in the penetrating fluid after handling reclaim, be used for the air that preheating gets into drying machine, thereby provide a kind of energy-conservation and urban waste good economy performance to make the apparatus and method of derivatived fuel.
The apprizing system of appearance treatment plant reaches above-mentioned technique effect for realizing above-mentioned technical purpose, and the present invention realizes through following technical scheme:
A kind of urban waste makes the device of derivatived fuel; Mainly comprise primary election machine, preliminary crusher, winnowing machine, one-level metal sorter, one-level water extracter, recursher, secondary metal sorter, secondary water extracter, derivatived fuel shaper, drying machine, waste disposal plant, boiler and waste heat recovery unit, the rubbish stockyard is exported between the opening for feed of finished product stockyard and has been connected in series said primary election machine, said preliminary crusher, said winnowing machine, said one-level metal sorter, said one-level water extracter, said recursher, said secondary metal sorter, said secondary water extracter, stirrer, said derivatived fuel shaper and said drying machine through feed belt in order; Said rubbish stockyard, said one-level water extracter and said secondary water extracter bottom set out the mouth of a river; And enter the mouth with said waste disposal plant through pipeline and to be connected; Said waste disposal plant outlet is connected with the wastewater disposal basin inlet through pipeline, and said wastewater disposal basin bottom sets out the mouth of a river; Said drying machine, said boiler and said wastewater disposal basin are connected said waste heat recovery unit respectively.
Further; Said waste heat recovery unit comprises an air preheater; The hot side entrance of said air preheater is connected with said moisture eliminator air outlet; The hot side outlet of said air preheater is connected with said wastewater disposal basin middle and lower part gas inlet, and said air preheater cold side inlet is connected with the condensation heater air; Said condensation heater refrigerant exit has been connected in series expansion valve, wastewater heat exchange device and compressor through refrigerant pipe successively between said condensation heater refrigerant inlet.
Further, the inlet of said waste heat recovery unit is the gas inlet of said condensation heater, and the outlet of said waste heat recovery unit is the cold side outlet of said air preheater; The gas inlet of said condensation heater is connected with the blower fan outlet, and said fans entrance is communicated with atmospheric environment; The cold side outlet of said air preheater is connected with said boiler gas inlet, and said boiler air is connected with said moisture eliminator air intake vent; Said boiler bottom is provided with the slag relief outlet, and said upper boiler is provided with fuel inlet, and is connected with said finished product stockyard through belt.
Further, batching inlet in said stirrer top is connected with the autoproportioner discharge port.
Further, said wastewater heat exchange device is placed in the said wastewater disposal basin.
Further, said one-level water extracter and secondary water extracter structure formation are spiral squeezing type, press filter type or centrifugal.
Further, said one-level metal sorter and secondary metal sorter sorting method can adopt magnetic force sorting or eddy current sorting mode.
Further, said compressor is a refrigeration compressor.
A kind of urban waste makes the method for derivatived fuel, may further comprise the steps:
The step 1) rubbish of deriving is made
A. the rubbish of being collected by municipal administration at first is placed in the said rubbish stockyard; Be sent to the said primary election machine from said rubbish stockyard through belt then; Through manual operation, the bulk foreign material in the municipal garbage are removed, then send into and tentatively be crushed to 8-10cm in the said preliminary crusher through belt; Rubbish after the fragmentation gets in the said winnowing machine light component such as paper, plastics and heavy component is separated; Wherein light component is used to recycling after going out, and heavy component is sent in the said one-level metal sorter through belt part metals is told, and sends into the moisture that removes 5%-20% in the said one-level water extracter through belt then;
B. remove rubbish behind the part moisture and get in the said recursher and be crushed to 3-5cm, the rubbish after the fragmentation is isolated metal once more through said secondary metal sorter, in said secondary water extracter, removes the moisture of 5%-20% then;
C. remove rubbish behind the part moisture get into said stirrer with from the fuel batch mixes in the said autoproportioner and after evenly stirring, in said derivatived fuel shaper, generate the cylinder shape garbage derivatived fuel about diameter 10-20mm, length 10-50mm;
D. be recovered processing by said one-level metal sorter and the isolated metal of said secondary metal sorter;
Step 2) drying garbage of deriving
A. the garbage derivatived fuel after the moulding is sent into said drying machine through belt; And a small amount of garbage derivatived fuel is sent in the said boiler after the burning through belt in the said finished product stockyard; To getting into the air heating of said boiler gas inlet; The warm air that is produced is sent in the said moisture eliminator, and the moisture in the moulding garbage derivatived fuel is reduced to 10%-15%;
B. dried moulding garbage derivatived fuel is sent in the said finished product stockyard through belt and deposits, and the air after the cooling is carrying the hot side entrance that gets into said air preheater from the moisture in the moulding garbage derivatived fuel in said moisture eliminator;
Step 3) wastewater treatment and energy recovery
A. from said rubbish stockyard, the percolate that discharged of said one-level water extracter and said secondary water extracter introduces the said waste disposal plant through pipeline; In said waste disposal plant, pass through anaerobism, aerobic and chemical treatment; Reduce the COD value of percolate; The solid substance that produces in the processing is discharged through said waste disposal plant bottom, and the percolate of handling is through in discharge of pipes to the said wastewater disposal basin;
B. be placed with said wastewater heat exchange device in the said wastewater disposal basin; Said wastewater heat exchange device refrigerant inlet feeds the gas-liquid two-phase refrigeration agent from said expander outlet, and after refrigeration agent was flowed through said wastewater heat exchange device heat transfer tube internal passages, liquid constantly evaporated in the refrigeration agent; The outside surface that directly contacts through said wastewater heat exchange device heat transfer tube and waste water absorbs heat, and after refrigeration agent flowed out said wastewater heat exchange device refrigerant exit, refrigeration agent all was converted into steam and is sucked by said compressor; After said compressor pressurizes to refrigerant vapour, flow into said condensation heater refrigerant inlet, when in said condensation heater heat transfer tube, flowing; The continuous condensation of refrigerant vapour; Heating is sent into the air of said condensation heater outside air passage by said blower fan, and after refrigeration agent flowed out said condensation heater refrigerant exit, refrigeration agent all became liquid; Hypotensive effect through said expansion valve; These liquid are converted into gas-liquid two-phase once more, get into said wastewater heat exchange device refrigerant inlet, accomplish the circulation of from waste water, absorbing heat;
C. flow out the said air preheater cold side of the air admission passage of said condensation heater air; By air heating from the said moisture eliminator air outlet and the said air preheater hot-side channel of flowing through; The air that flows out the hot side outlet of said air preheater is passed in the waste water of said wastewater disposal basin, through heated waste water, its temperature is further reduced; Heat further is recovered, and contained humidity is trapped within the said wastewater disposal basin in these air.
Principle of the present invention is:
Adopting direct mode of burning derivatived fuel to carry out drying is a kind of relatively economical and simple mode, promptly through combustion parts derivatived fuel in boiler, heats outside air; Warm air is fed in the drying machine, make the part moisture evaporation in the higher relatively derivatived fuel of moisture content, carry away by warm air; Thereby reduce the moisture of derivatived fuel; Reach drying purpose, usually, this method can consume the derivatived fuel finished product of 10%-15%.Yet the most temperature of air that flows out drying machine is higher than ambient air temp, therefore recyclable its sensible heat; In addition, portion water becomes gaseous state by liquid state in the drying process, also can recovery part latent heat; At last; The refuse leachate of handling can reclaim also that it is obvious before entering Sewage Plant or municipal wastewater pipeline, therefore have stronger energy-saving potential.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention adopts through two sections dewatering types, effectively reduces the thermal load of drying machine;
2, secondly, heat the external environment air through derivatived fuel, and warm air is used for dry derivatived fuel, therefore need not to drop into again other energy in the boiler combustion device manufacturing;
3 moreover, the air that leaves moisture eliminator preheating in air preheater gets into the air before the boiler, has reduced boiler heating heat;
4, last; The air that leaves moisture eliminator and in air preheater, discharged heat feeds wastewater disposal basin, has further reclaimed the heat and the water yield, after the heat in the waste water extracts through the wastewater heat exchange device simultaneously; Preheating by the air that blower fan pumped into, further reduced the heat that adds of boiler.
Therefore the present invention can effectively reduce the consumption of the energy and the economy of raising system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 makes the garbage fuel device of deriving for the urban waste and connects synoptic diagram.
Label declaration among the figure:
1, rubbish stockyard, 2, the primary election machine, 3, preliminary crusher, 4, winnowing machine, 5, one-level metal sorter; 6, one-level water extracter, 7, recursher, 8, secondary metal sorter, 9, the secondary water extracter, 10, autoproportioner; 11, stirrer, 12, the derivatived fuel shaper, 13, drying machine, 14, the finished product stockyard, 15, waste disposal plant; 16, wastewater disposal basin, 17, boiler, 18, air preheater, 19, the wastewater heat exchange device, 20, compressor; 21, condensation heater, 22, expansion valve, 23, waste heat recovery unit, 24, blower fan.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing and combine embodiment, specify the present invention.
Referring to shown in Figure 1; A kind of urban waste makes the device of derivatived fuel; Mainly comprise primary election machine 2, preliminary crusher 3, winnowing machine 4, one-level metal sorter 5, one-level water extracter 6, recursher 7, secondary metal sorter 8, secondary water extracter 9, derivatived fuel shaper 12, drying machine 13, waste disposal plant 15, boiler 17 and waste heat recovery unit 23, rubbish stockyard 1 is exported between 14 opening for feeds of finished product stockyard in order through feed belt and has been connected in series said primary election machine 2, said preliminary crusher 3, said winnowing machine 4, said one-level metal sorter 5, said one-level water extracter 6, said recursher 7, said secondary metal sorter 8, said secondary water extracter 9, stirrer 11, said derivatived fuel shaper 12 and said drying machine 13; Said rubbish stockyard 1, said one-level water extracter 6 and said secondary water extracter 9 bottoms set out the mouth of a river; And enter the mouth with said waste disposal plant 15 through pipeline and to be connected; Said waste disposal plant 15 outlets are connected with wastewater disposal basin 16 inlets through pipeline, and said wastewater disposal basin 16 bottoms set out the mouth of a river; Said drying machine 13, said boiler 17 are connected said waste heat recovery unit 23 respectively with said wastewater disposal basin 16.
Further; Said waste heat recovery unit 23 comprises an air preheater 18; Said air preheater 18 hot side entrances are connected with said moisture eliminator 13 air outlets; Said air preheater 18 hot side outlets are connected with said wastewater disposal basin 16 middle and lower part gas inlets, and said air preheater 18 cold sides inlet is connected with condensation heater 21 airs; Said condensation heater 21 refrigerant exits have been connected in series expansion valve 22, wastewater heat exchange device 19 and compressor 20 through refrigerant pipe successively between said condensation heater 21 refrigerants inlet.
Further, the inlet of said waste heat recovery unit 23 is the gas inlet of said condensation heater 21, and the outlet of said waste heat recovery unit 23 is the cold side outlet of said air preheater 18; The gas inlet of said condensation heater 21 is connected with blower fan 24 outlets, and said blower fan 24 inlets are communicated with atmospheric environment; The cold side outlet of said air preheater 18 is connected with said boiler 17 gas inlets, and said boiler 17 airs are connected with said moisture eliminator 13 air intake vents; Said boiler 17 bottoms are provided with the slag relief outlet, and said boiler 17 tops are provided with fuel inlet, and are connected with said finished product stockyard 14 through belt.
Further, batching inlet in said stirrer 11 tops is connected with autoproportioner 10 discharge ports.
Further, said wastewater heat exchange device 19 is placed in the said wastewater disposal basin 16.
Further, said one-level water extracter 6 is spiral squeezing type, press filter type or centrifugal with secondary water extracter 9 structure formations.
Further, said one-level metal sorter 5 can adopt magnetic force sorting or eddy current sorting mode with secondary metal sorter 8 sorting method.
Further, said compressor 20 is a refrigeration compressor.
A kind of urban waste makes the method for derivatived fuel, may further comprise the steps
The step 1) rubbish of deriving is made
A. the rubbish of being collected by municipal administration at first is placed in the said rubbish stockyard 1; Stacking through certain hour; Be sent to the said primary election machine 2 from said rubbish stockyard 1 through belt then; Through manual operation, the bulk foreign material in the municipal garbages such as bulk plank and metal, brick, woven bag are removed, then send into and tentatively be crushed to about 10cm in the said preliminary crusher 3 through belt; Rubbish after the fragmentation gets in the said winnowing machine 4 light component such as paper, plastics and heavy component is separated; Wherein light component is used to recycling after going out, and heavy component is sent in the said one-level metal sorter 5 through belt and through magneticaction most of ferrous metal and rubbish is separated, and sends in the said one-level water extracter 6 through belt then and removes the moisture about 10%;
B. removing rubbish behind the part moisture gets in the said recursher 7 and is crushed to 5cm; Rubbish after the fragmentation passes through in the said secondary metal sorter 8 through eddy effect; The most of non-ferrous metal that comprises copper, aluminium in the rubbish is separated with rubbish, in said secondary water extracter 9, remove the moisture about 10% then;
C. remove rubbish behind the part moisture get into said stirrer 11 with from the fuel batch mixes in the said autoproportioner 10 and after evenly stirring, in said derivatived fuel shaper 12, generate the cylinder shape garbage derivatived fuel about diameter 15mm, length 30mm;
D. be recovered processing by said one-level metal sorter 5 and 8 isolated ferrous metal of said secondary metal sorter and non-ferrous metal;
Step 2) drying garbage of deriving
A. the garbage derivatived fuel after the moulding is sent into said drying machine 13 through belt; And a small amount of garbage derivatived fuel is sent in the said boiler 17 after the burning through belt in the said finished product stockyard 14; To getting into the air heating of said boiler 17 gas inlets; The warm air that is produced is sent in the said moisture eliminator 13, and the moisture in the moulding garbage derivatived fuel is reduced to about 10%;
B. dried moulding garbage derivatived fuel is sent in the said finished product stockyard 14 through belt and deposits, and the air after the cooling is carrying the hot side entrance that gets into said air preheater 18 from the moisture in the moulding garbage derivatived fuel in said moisture eliminator 13;
Step 3) wastewater treatment and energy recovery
A. from said rubbish stockyard 1, the percolate that discharged of said one-level water extracter 6 and said secondary water extracter 9 introduces the said waste disposal plant 15 through pipeline; In said waste disposal plant 15, pass through anaerobism, aerobic and chemical treatment; Reduce the COD value of percolate; The solid substance that produces in the processing is discharged through said waste disposal plant 15 bottoms, and the percolate of handling is through in discharge of pipes to the said wastewater disposal basin 16;
B. be placed with said wastewater heat exchange device 19 in the said wastewater disposal basin 16; Said wastewater heat exchange device 19 refrigerants inlet feeds the gas-liquid two-phase refrigeration agent from said expander 22 outlets, and after refrigeration agent was flowed through said wastewater heat exchange device 19 heat transfer tube internal passagess, liquid constantly evaporated in the refrigeration agent; The outside surface that directly contacts through said wastewater heat exchange device 19 heat transfer tubes and waste water absorbs heat; After refrigeration agent flowed out said wastewater heat exchange device 19 refrigerant exits, refrigeration agent all was converted into steam and is sucked by said compressor 20, after 20 pairs of refrigerant vapour pressurizations of said compressor; Flow into said condensation heater 21 refrigerants inlet; When in said condensation heater 21 heat transfer tubes, flowing, the air of said condensation heater 21 outside air passages is sent in the continuous condensation of refrigerant vapour, heating by said blower fan 24; After refrigeration agent flows out said condensation heater 21 refrigerant exits; Refrigeration agent all becomes liquid, and through the hypotensive effect of said expansion valve 22, these liquid are converted into gas-liquid two-phase once more; Get into said wastewater heat exchange device 19 refrigerants inlet, accomplish the circulation of from waste water, absorbing heat;
C. flow out the said air preheater 18 cold side passages of air admission of said condensation heater 21 airs; By air heating from said moisture eliminator 13 air outlets and said air preheater 18 hot-side channels of flowing through; The air that flows out said air preheater 18 hot side outlets is passed in the waste water of said wastewater disposal basin 16, through heated waste water, its temperature is further reduced; Heat further is recovered, and contained humidity is trapped within the said wastewater disposal basin 16 in these air.
Combine the preferred specific embodiment of the described the present invention of accompanying drawing only to be used to explain embodiment of the present invention above; Rather than as restriction to aforementioned goal of the invention and appended claims content and scope; Every foundation technical spirit of the present invention all still belongs to the present invention's technology and rights protection category to any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment did.
Claims (9)
1. a urban waste makes the device of derivatived fuel; Mainly comprise primary election machine (2), preliminary crusher (3), winnowing machine (4), one-level metal sorter (5), one-level water extracter (6), recursher (7), secondary metal sorter (8), secondary water extracter (9), derivatived fuel shaper (12), drying machine (13), waste disposal plant (15), boiler (17) and waste heat recovery unit (23), it is characterized in that: rubbish stockyard (1) is exported between the opening for feed of finished product stockyard (14) and has been connected in series said primary election machine (2), said preliminary crusher (3), said winnowing machine (4), said one-level metal sorter (5), said one-level water extracter (6), said recursher (7), said secondary metal sorter (8), said secondary water extracter (9), stirrer (11), said derivatived fuel shaper (12) and said drying machine (13) through feed belt in order; Said rubbish stockyard (1), said one-level water extracter (6) and said secondary water extracter (9) bottom set out the mouth of a river; And enter the mouth through pipeline and said waste disposal plant (15) and to be connected; Said waste disposal plant (15) outlet is connected with wastewater disposal basin (16) inlet through pipeline, and said wastewater disposal basin (16) bottom sets out the mouth of a river; Said drying machine (13), said boiler (17) and said wastewater disposal basin (16) are connected said waste heat recovery unit (23) respectively.
2. urban waste according to claim 1 makes the device of derivatived fuel; It is characterized in that: said waste heat recovery unit (23) comprises an air preheater (18); The hot side entrance of said air preheater (18) is connected with said moisture eliminator (13) air outlet; The hot side outlet of said air preheater (18) is connected with said wastewater disposal basin (16) middle and lower part gas inlet, and said air preheater (18) cold side inlet is connected with condensation heater (21) air; Expansion valve (22), wastewater heat exchange device (19) and compressor (20) have been connected in series successively through refrigerant pipe between said condensation heater (21) refrigerant exit to said condensation heater (21) the refrigerant inlet.
3. urban waste according to claim 1 makes the device of derivatived fuel; It is characterized in that: the inlet of said waste heat recovery unit (23) is the gas inlet of said condensation heater (21), and the outlet of said waste heat recovery unit (23) is the cold side outlet of said air preheater (18); The gas inlet of said condensation heater (21) is connected with blower fan (24) outlet, and said blower fan (24) inlet is communicated with atmospheric environment; The cold side outlet of said air preheater (18) is connected with said boiler (17) gas inlet, and said boiler (17) air is connected with said moisture eliminator (13) air intake vent; Said boiler (17) bottom is provided with the slag relief outlet, and said boiler (17) top is provided with fuel inlet, and is connected with said finished product stockyard (14) through belt.
4. urban waste according to claim 1 makes the device of derivatived fuel, it is characterized in that: said stirrer (11) top batching inlet is connected with autoproportioner (10) discharge port.
5. urban waste according to claim 1 makes the device of derivatived fuel, and it is characterized in that: said wastewater heat exchange device (19) is placed in the said wastewater disposal basin (16).
6. urban waste according to claim 1 makes the device of derivatived fuel, and it is characterized in that: said one-level water extracter (6) and secondary water extracter (9) structure formation are spiral squeezing type, press filter type or centrifugal.
7. urban waste according to claim 1 makes the device of derivatived fuel, and it is characterized in that: said one-level metal sorter (5) and secondary metal sorter (8) sorting method can adopt magnetic force sorting or eddy current sorting mode.
8. urban waste according to claim 1 makes the device of derivatived fuel, and it is characterized in that: said compressor (20) is a refrigeration compressor.
9. the method that the urban waste makes derivatived fuel is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
The step 1) rubbish of deriving is made
A. the rubbish of being collected by municipal administration at first is placed in the said rubbish stockyard (1); Be sent to the said primary election machine (2) from said rubbish stockyard (1) through belt then; Through manual operation; Bulk foreign material in the municipal garbage are removed; Then send in the said preliminary crusher (3) through belt and tentatively be crushed to 8-10cm, the rubbish after the fragmentation gets in the said winnowing machine (4) light component such as paper, plastics and heavy component is separated, and wherein light component is used to recycling after going out; Heavy component is sent in the said one-level metal sorter (5) through belt part metals is told, and sends into the moisture that removes 5%-20% in the said one-level water extracter (6) through belt then;
B. remove rubbish behind the part moisture and get in the said recursher (7) and be crushed to 3-5cm, the rubbish after the fragmentation is isolated metal once more through said secondary metal sorter (8), in said secondary water extracter (9), removes the moisture of 5%-20% then;
C. remove rubbish behind the part moisture get into said stirrer (11) with from the fuel batch mixes in the said autoproportioner (10) and after evenly stirring, the cylinder shape garbage derivatived fuel in said derivatived fuel shaper (12) about generation diameter 10-20mm, length 10-50mm;
D. be recovered processing by said one-level metal sorter (5) and the isolated metal of said secondary metal sorter (8);
Step 2) drying garbage of deriving
A. the garbage derivatived fuel after the moulding is sent into said drying machine (13) through belt; And after a small amount of garbage derivatived fuel is sent into the middle burning of said boiler (17) through belt in the said finished product stockyard (14); To getting into the air heating of said boiler (17) gas inlet; The warm air that is produced is sent in the said moisture eliminator (13), and the moisture in the moulding garbage derivatived fuel is reduced to 10%-15%;
B. dried moulding garbage derivatived fuel is sent in the said finished product stockyard (14) through belt and deposits, and the air after the cooling is carrying the hot side entrance that gets into said air preheater (18) from the moisture in the moulding garbage derivatived fuel in said moisture eliminator (13);
Step 3) wastewater treatment and energy recovery
A. from said rubbish stockyard (1), the percolate that discharged of said one-level water extracter (6) and said secondary water extracter (9) introduces the said waste disposal plant (15) through pipeline; In said waste disposal plant (15), pass through anaerobism, aerobic and chemical treatment; Reduce the COD value of percolate; The solid substance that produces in the processing is discharged through said waste disposal plant (15) bottom, and the percolate of handling is through in discharge of pipes to the said wastewater disposal basin (16);
B. be placed with said wastewater heat exchange device (19) in the said wastewater disposal basin (16); Said wastewater heat exchange device (19) refrigerant inlet feeds the gas-liquid two-phase refrigeration agent from said expander (22) outlet, and after refrigeration agent was flowed through said wastewater heat exchange device (19) heat transfer tube internal passages, liquid constantly evaporated in the refrigeration agent; The outside surface that directly contacts through said wastewater heat exchange device (19) heat transfer tube and waste water absorbs heat; After refrigeration agent flowed out said wastewater heat exchange device (19) refrigerant exit, refrigeration agent all was converted into steam and is sucked by said compressor (20), after said compressor (20) pressurizes to refrigerant vapour; Flow into said condensation heater (21) refrigerant inlet; When in said condensation heater (21) heat transfer tube, flowing, the air of said condensation heater (21) outside air passage is sent in the continuous condensation of refrigerant vapour, heating by said blower fan (24); After refrigeration agent flows out said condensation heater (21) refrigerant exit; Refrigeration agent all becomes liquid, and through the hypotensive effect of said expansion valve (22), these liquid are converted into gas-liquid two-phase once more; Get into said wastewater heat exchange device (19) refrigerant inlet, accomplish the circulation of from waste water, absorbing heat;
C. flow out the said air preheater of air admission (18) the cold side passage of said condensation heater (21) air; By air heating from said moisture eliminator (13) air outlet and said air preheater (18) hot-side channel of flowing through; The air that flows out the hot side outlet of said air preheater (18) is passed in the waste water of said wastewater disposal basin (16); Pass through heated waste water; Its temperature is further reduced, and heat further is recovered, and contained humidity is trapped within the said wastewater disposal basin (16) in these air.
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Application publication date: 20120725 |