CN102600018B - Medical dressing with cooling function and wound healing prompting function and preparation method of medical dressing - Google Patents
Medical dressing with cooling function and wound healing prompting function and preparation method of medical dressing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a medical dressing with a cooling function and a wound healing promoting function, which at least comprises a perforated non-woven fabric layer, a nanometer fiber layer with a gradient structure, a hydrogel layer and a supporting layer. The preparation method of the medical dressing includes steps of covering hydrogel onto the supporting layer; covering the nanometer fiber layer with the gradient structure on the hydrogel; and finally reinforcing the perforated non-woven fabric layer on the surface of the nanometer fiber layer so as to obtain the medical dressing. The nanometer fiber layer has the gradient structure, and facilitates absorption and retention of liquid of wound, and medicine can reach the surface of the wound after being released, so that wound healing is promoted; the perforated non-woven fabric layer has a physical isolating effect, avoids outside bacteria, can absorb effusion of the wound, can be easily removed from the surface of the wound and is not adhered with the wound; and the hydrogel layer can realize temperature regulation and reduces the temperature of the wound. The medical dressing comprehensively utilizes a medicine loading performance of nanometer fibers and capillary mobility of liquid, and promotes wound healing while cooling.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to functional medical dressing field, be specifically related to a kind of medical dressing with cooling and the effect of promotion wound healing and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Wound healing is an extremely complex physical process, and patient's body quality is the endogenous cause of ill that determines wound healing, but the effect of medical dressing is more very important.Medical dressing is the very important medical textile of a class, and along with the progress of science and technology and the various demands of medical field, the novel medical dressing with certain function more and more receives publicity.Functional medical dressing can be at the practical situation of wound, for the healing of wound provides special function.In general, medical dressing should comprise following function: (1) provides one deck physical barriers for wound, avoids wound fluid to pollute other positions; (2) fluid of control wound generation; (3) abnormal smells from the patient that produces on the control wound; (4) antibacterial and the microorganism on the control wound; (5) low adhesion is removed from wound surface easily; (6) packing action; (7) decrustation effect, the carrying out that can accelerate the decrustation process by the states such as wetness, pH value, temperature of control wound; (8) anastalsis; (9) healing rate of quickening wound.
Traditional wound cool-down method is water flushing or medicochemistry ice bag, exists the cooling difficult control of temperature in practical operation, problems such as cool-down method is not convenient, replacing frequency height.And the shortcoming that the cold compress material can effectively avoid traditional cold to treat, the cold treatment dressing of using always at present as substrate, contains 96% water with hydrogel in the hydrogel, and moisture and some volatile material slowly evaporation make the local skin cooling, and cooling effect is 6h.The cold treatment dressing of hydrogel class just can use at ambient temperature,,, is easy to remove moistening wound, nontoxic, non-stimulated with burn wound's inadhesion in conjunction with tightr with skin.Have result of study to show, the pain relief mean temperature is at 25 ~ 26 ℃, and the critical temperature that pain is down in the slight scope is 28 ℃, and the cold treatment of II degree burn early stage application 15 ~ 32min can effectively ease the pain.
Medical dressing is the huge disposable medical article of a kind of consumption, and the medical dressing after the use contains patient's body fluid, blood or secretions, and general direct burning disposal causes very big influence to environment.Therefore casting product is carried out the effective way that its pollution is controlled in minimizing, medical dressing is carried out minimizing handle the performance that importance is dressing New Product's Design and dressing.New medical dressing is developing towards the high efficiency of material high efficiency, product, the high efficiency direction of nursing.At absorbing Wound exudate, keep wound moistening at present, aspect developings such as anti-inflammation have gone out a series of medical dressing products.Aspect based composite dressing for medical use, in order to improve dressing with affinity, antibiotic property and the biodegradability etc. of wound surface, the patent of nonwoven layer that natural polymer such as chitosan, collagen, sodium alginate etc. is added dressing with the form of fiber or thin film is more, also patent report has been arranged and will contain chitinous spun-laced nonwoven fabric and be used for fields such as scalds and burns.And the dressing of relevant cold treatment adopts water, ice bag to do the cooling material mostly, having patent to lower the temperature pastes in conjunction with having prepared the eye with cooling and administration effect with administration, cooling portion edge and administration portion are bonding with industrial glue, but these subsides can only reduce the temperature of eye, and function and ice bag are similar.Developing the dressing that has cooling and drug release function concurrently is the developing direction of cold treatment dressing.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to the defective at above-mentioned prior art, mainly consider from high efficiency, convenience and comfortableness aspect, providing a kind of has cooling and promotes medical dressing of wound healing effect and preparation method thereof, medical dressing of the present invention has the effect of isolating wound, absorption Wound exudate, promotion wound healing and lowering the temperature to wound concurrently, wherein administration portion adopts with the good nanofiber drug-loading system of skin affinity, and the release efficiency of medicine is higher.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
A kind of medical dressing that has cooling and promote the wound healing effect is made up of following four-layer structure: perforated non-woven fabric layer, nanofiber layer, hydrogel layer and supporting layer at least successively; Described nanofiber layer is gradient-structure, has the effect that promotes wound healing; Described hydrogel layer has the effect for the wound cooling; Described supporting layer has or does not have punching, has supporting role; The material of described supporting layer is identical with the material of perforated non-woven fabric layer.
Described nanofiber layer is the nanofiber that is loaded with medicine, and fibre diameter is 20 ~ 1000nm; Described nanofiber layer has gradient-structure, by perforated non-woven fabric course hydrogel layer gradually from fine to coarse; Described nanofiber is degradable high polymer material, comprises polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polyglycolic acid-copolymer of poly lactic acid, gelatin, chitin and derivant thereof, chitosan and derivant thereof or alginate; Described medicine is one or more in anti-inflammation drugs, antibacterials, medicine or the nanometer silver; The distribution mode of described medicine is: in surface or the inner evenly dispersion of nanofiber; The grammes per square metre of described nanofiber layer is 0.1 ~ 5g/m
2
The matrix material of described hydrogel layer is polyacrylic, Polyethylene Glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, alginates or polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and can disperse norborene or Oleum menthae in above-mentioned matrix material; The grammes per square metre of described hydrogel layer is 80 ~ 300g/m
2
Described supporting layer is tissue layer, thin layer or nonwoven layer; The grammes per square metre of described supporting layer is 10 ~ 60g/m
2The material of described supporting layer is one or more among polylactic acid, polypropylene, polycaprolactone, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), PTT, polyethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyolefin copolymer or the hot acid elastomer Vistamaxx.
Described perforated non-woven fabric layer directly contacts with skin; When the material of nanofiber layer was polylactic acid, then nanofiber layer directly contacted with skin.
The material of described perforated non-woven fabric layer is polylactic acid, polypropylene or polycaprolactone; The grammes per square metre of described perforated non-woven fabric layer is 1 ~ 20g/m
2, the aperture is 0.5 ~ 1mm, has homodisperse circle, rhombus or cruciform vent.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of described medical dressing, mainly may further comprise the steps:
(1) the preparation mass concentration is 2 ~ 16% hydrogel solution, and it is evenly covered the two-layer compound thing that obtains hydrogel layer and supporting layer on the supporting layer:
(2) preparation has the nanofiber layer of gradient distribution of fiber diameters;
(3) nanofiber layer that is covered with step (2) preparation on the hydrogel layer surface of the two-layer compound thing of step (1) preparation obtains three layers of complex;
(4) reinforce the perforated non-woven fabric layer at the nanofiber laminar surface of three layers of complex of step (3) preparation.
The forming method of described supporting layer is water thorn, spunbond, hot blast, hot rolling, knitting, braiding, drench film, blown film or melt and spray; The forming method of described nanofiber layer is that pulling method, template are synthetic, self assembly, microphase-separated or electrostatic spinning; The forming method of described perforated non-woven fabric layer is spunbond or the processing of water thorn.
The associated methods of described hydrogel layer and supporting layer is blade coating, spraying or compound.
The diameter of described nanofiber is preferably 50 ~ 800nm.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention adopts the nanofiber layer of medicine carrying, can arrive wound surface behind the drug release and promote wound healing, and nanofiber layer is the structure with gradient distribution of fiber diameters, match with the perforated non-woven fabric layer, form structure from fine to coarse, be more conducive to absorption and the delay of wound liquid, thereby dry and comfortable relatively wound healing environment is provided;
(2) the present invention is fixed on the nanofiber laminar surface with perforated non-woven fabric, and perforated non-woven fabric has the physical isolation effect, avoids extraneous pathogenic bacteria to invade, and is easy to remove from wound surface, does not adhere to wound;
(3) the present invention utilizes hydrogel layer to realize the regulation and control of temperature, is reached for the purpose of wound cooling;
(4) the present invention fully utilizes the capillary animal migration of medicine carrying and the liquid of nanofiber, thereby reaches the microcirculatory purpose of effective control wound.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of medical dressing of the present invention, and wherein, 1 is the perforated non-woven fabric layer, and 2 is nanofiber layer, and 3 is hydrogel layer, and 4 is supporting layer.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment, but the scope of protection of present invention is not limited thereto.
The 8g polyacrylic acid is dissolved in the deionized water, and preparation quality concentration is 8% polyacrylic acid hydrogel; Adopting knife coating that polyacrylic acid hydrogel is coated in grammes per square metre is 10g/m
2Polylactic acid spun-laced nonwoven fabric supporting layer on, wherein the grammes per square metre of hydrogel is 80 g/m
2The 20%(wt. that is loaded with the method for electrostatic spinning preparation) the polylactic acid nano fiber layer of norfloxacin overlays on the polyacrylic acid hydrogel surface, and adopts the polylactic acid perforated non-woven fabric to fix, the medical dressing that obtains having cooling and promote the wound healing effect.Wherein perforated non-woven fabric layer grammes per square metre is 10 g/m
2, have the circular port that average pore size is 0.8mm; The fibre diameter of nanofiber layer is 50 ~ 200nm, and grammes per square metre is 0.2 ~ 0.4g/m
2
As shown in Figure 1, wound dressing of the present invention comprises perforated non-woven fabric layer 1, nanofiber layer 2, hydrogel layer 3 and supporting layer 4, from top to bottom combination successively.
This wound dressing can be down to the wound temperature 15 ~ 25 ℃.
The 6g sodium alginate is dissolved in the deionized water, and preparation quality concentration is 6% sodium alginate aqueous solution, adds 5%(wt.) calcium chloride solution and the quick formation calcium alginate sodium gel that stirs; Be 60 g/m with calcium alginate sodium gel blade coating in grammes per square metre
2Thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) Vistamaxx spun-bonded non-woven fabrics support layer surface, obtain the two-layer compound thing of hydrogel layer and supporting layer; The chitin nanofiber layer of utilizing the electrostatic spinning technique preparation is overlayed on the chitosan gel rubber laminar surface of two-layer compound thing; Fix the medical dressing that obtains having cooling and promote the wound healing effect with the polypropylene perforated non-woven fabric.Wherein the grammes per square metre of nanofiber layer is 1.0 g/m
2,, fibre diameter 200 ~ 700nm; The perforated non-woven fabric layer has the cruciform vent of aperture 0.5mm, and grammes per square metre is 15 g/m
2,The grammes per square metre of supporting layer is 30 g/m
2
This wound dressing makes the wound temperature remain on 14 ~ 25 ℃.
Preparation quality concentration is 10% chitosan solution, adds 25%(wt. by mass fraction 1.2% in solution) glutaraldehyde solution, fast dispersed with stirring makes the partial cross-linked chitosan gel rubber that obtains of chitosan; Adopt spin-coating method to overlay on the two-layer compound thing that support layer surface that the PTT fabric makes obtains hydrogel layer and supporting layer chitosan gel rubber, this supporting layer grammes per square metre is 60 g/m
2Aqueous gelatin solution with 10% concentration is raw material, adopts the preparation of microphase-separated method to be loaded with the gelatine nano fiber layer of norfloxacin, and it is shifted chitosan gel rubber laminar surface in the two-layer compound thing; Two-layer compound thing and nanofiber layer are fixed the medical dressing that obtains having cooling and promote the wound healing effect with polylactic acid perforated non-woven fabric layer.Wherein the grammes per square metre of polylactic acid perforated non-woven fabric is 30 g/m
2, the hole is rhombus, aperture 1mm; The fibre diameter of nanofiber layer is 50 ~ 400nm, and grammes per square metre is 4 g/m
2
This wound dressing makes the wound temperature be reduced to 12 ~ 25 ℃.
The 16g polyacrylic acid is dissolved in the deionized water, and preparation quality concentration is 16% polyacrylic acid hydrogel; Evenly disperse norborene therein by mass fraction 1.0%; Adopt knife coating that polyacrylic acid hydrogel is coated in the two-layer compound thing that support layer surface obtains hydrogel layer and supporting layer; The polycaprolactone nanofiber layer that adopts the pulling method preparation is overlayed on the acrylic gel laminar surface of two-layer compound thing; With the polycaprolactone perforated non-woven fabric two-layer compound thing and nanofiber layer are fixed the medical dressing that obtains having cooling and promote the wound healing effect at last.Wherein supporting layer is the polyolefin copolymer thin layer, and grammes per square metre is 15 g/m
2Perforated non-woven fabric layer grammes per square metre is 15 g/m
2, have the diamond hole that the aperture is 0.5mm; The fibre diameter of nanofiber layer is 300 ~ 600nm, and grammes per square metre is 5 g/m
2
This wound dressing makes the wound temperature be reduced to 10 ~ 20 ℃.
Embodiment 5
The 2g sodium alginate is dissolved in the deionized water, and preparation quality concentration is 2% sodium alginate aqueous solution, adds 3%(wt.) calcium chloride solution and 1%(wt.) Oleum menthae stirs fast and forms the calcium alginate sodium gel; This gel blade coating is obtained the two-layer compound thing of hydrogel layer and supporting layer in support layer surface; Chitosan carrying nano silver nanofiber layer is overlayed on the calcium alginate gel laminar surface of two-layer compound thing; With the polycaprolactone perforated non-woven fabric two-layer compound thing and nanofiber layer are fixed the medical dressing that obtains having cooling and promote the wound healing effect at last.Wherein supporting layer is the polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) thin layer, and grammes per square metre is 40 g/m
2The perforated non-woven fabric layer is polypropylene spun-bonded non-woven fabrics, and its grammes per square metre is 20 g/m
2, have the circular port that the aperture is 0.5mm; The fibre diameter of nanofiber layer is 50nm ~ 600nm, and grammes per square metre is 5 g/m
2
This wound dressing makes the wound temperature be reduced to 15 ~ 25 ℃.
Embodiment 6
The preparation mass concentration is 10% polyvinylpyrrolidone gel, presses mass fraction 0.6% therein and adds norborene; Adopt spin-coating method that the polyvinylpyrrolidone gel is overlayed on the two-layer compound thing that support layer surface obtains hydrogel layer and supporting layer; The PGLA nanofiber that utilizes the electrostatic spinning technique preparation that is loaded with norfloxacin is placed on the polyvinylpyrrolidone gel layer surface of two-layer compound thing; Two-layer compound thing and nanofiber layer are fixed the medical dressing that obtains having cooling and promote the wound healing effect with the polypropylene perforated non-woven fabric.Wherein supporting layer is the polycaprolactone thin layer, grammes per square metre 30 g/m
2The grammes per square metre of polypropylene perforated non-woven fabric layer is 10 g/m
2, have the cruciform vent of diameter 0.8mm; The fibre diameter of nanofiber layer is 400 ~ 800nm, and grammes per square metre is 1.5 g/m
2
This wound dressing can keep the wound temperature at 10 ~ 20 ℃.
Embodiment 7
8gPEG and polyacrylic mixture (the two ratio is 1:4) are dissolved in the deionized water, and preparation quality concentration is 8% PEG/ polyacrylic acid hydrogel; Adopt knife coating that this blend hydrogel is coated in the two-layer compound thing that support layer surface obtains hydrogel layer and supporting layer; The sodium alginate nano fiber layer that is loaded with nanometer silver of method of electrostatic spinning preparation is overlayed on the chitosan gel rubber laminar surface of two-layer compound thing; Two-layer compound thing and nanofiber layer are fixed the medical dressing that obtains having cooling and promote the wound healing effect with the polypropylene perforated non-woven fabric.Wherein supporting layer is the polylactic acid film layer, grammes per square metre 20 g/m
2The grammes per square metre of polypropylene perforated non-woven fabric layer is 10 g/m
2, have the circular font hole of diameter 0.8mm; The fibre diameter of nanofiber layer is 200 ~ 400nm, and grammes per square metre is 0.5 g/m
2
This wound dressing makes the wound temperature be reduced to 12 ~ 20 ℃.
Embodiment 8
Preparation concentration is 9% polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel, and presses mass fraction 1% therein and disperse norborene; Adopt spin-coating method that polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel is coated to the polyethylene terephthalate support layer surface, obtain the two-layer compound thing of hydrogel layer and supporting layer; The polylactic acid nano fiber layer that is loaded with tetracycline of method of electrostatic spinning preparation is overlayed on the polyvinyl alcohol gel laminar surface of two-layer compound, the medical dressing that obtains having cooling and promote the wound healing effect.Wherein the hydrogel layer grammes per square metre is 200 g/m
2The supporting layer grammes per square metre is 40 g/m
2The nanofiber layer fibre diameter is 100 ~ 600nm, and grammes per square metre is 2.0 g/m
2
This dressing makes the wound temperature be down to 10 ~ 15 ℃.
Embodiment 9
Preparation concentration is 16% polyvinylpyrrolidone hydrogel, and presses mass fraction 0.5% therein and add Oleum menthae; Adopt spin-coating method that the polyvinylpyrrolidone hydrogel is coated to polyethylene vinyl acetate copolymer support layer surface, obtain the two-layer compound thing of hydrogel layer and supporting layer; The gelatine nano fiber layer that is loaded with norfloxacin of method of electrostatic spinning preparation is overlayed on the polyvinylpyrrolidone gel layer surface of two-layer compound; Adopt the polylactic acid perforated non-woven fabric that two-layer compound thing and nanofiber layer are fixed, the medical dressing that obtains having cooling and promote the wound healing effect.Wherein the hydrogel layer grammes per square metre is 100 g/m
2The supporting layer grammes per square metre is 60 g/m
2The nanofiber layer fibre diameter is 50 ~ 200nm, and grammes per square metre is 1.0 g/m
2The grammes per square metre of perforated non-woven fabric layer is 20 g/m
2,, the aperture is the circular port of 0.8mm.
This dressing makes the wound temperature be down to 12 ~ 20 ℃.
Claims (9)
1. a medical dressing that has cooling and promote the wound healing effect is characterized in that, is made up of successively following four-layer structure at least: perforated non-woven fabric layer, nanofiber layer, hydrogel layer and supporting layer; Described nanofiber layer is gradient-structure, is used for promoting wound healing; Described hydrogel layer is used to the wound cooling; Described supporting layer has or does not have punching, has supporting role; The material of described supporting layer is identical with the material of perforated non-woven fabric layer.
2. medical dressing according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described nanofiber layer is the nanofiber that is loaded with medicine, and fibre diameter is 20～1000nm; Described nanofiber layer has gradient-structure, by perforated non-woven fabric course hydrogel layer gradually from fine to coarse; Described nanofiber is degradable high polymer material, comprises polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polyglycolic acid-copolymer of poly lactic acid, gelatin, chitin and derivant thereof, chitosan and derivant thereof or alginate; Described medicine is one or more in anti-inflammation drugs, antibacterials, medicine or the nanometer silver; The distribution mode of described medicine is: in surface or the inner evenly dispersion of nanofiber; The grammes per square metre of described nanofiber layer is 0.1～5g/m
2
3. medical dressing according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the matrix material of described hydrogel layer is polyacrylic, Polyethylene Glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, alginates or polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and disperses norborene or Oleum menthae in above-mentioned matrix material; The grammes per square metre of described hydrogel layer is 80～300g/m
2
4. medical dressing according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described supporting layer is tissue layer, thin layer or nonwoven layer; The grammes per square metre of described supporting layer is 10～60g/m
2The material of described supporting layer is one or more among polylactic acid, polypropylene, polycaprolactone, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), PTT, polyethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyolefin copolymer or the hot acid elastomer Vistamaxx.
5. medical dressing according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described perforated non-woven fabric layer directly contacts with skin; When the material of nanofiber layer was polylactic acid, then nanofiber layer can touch skin.
6. medical dressing according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the material of described perforated non-woven fabric layer is polylactic acid, polypropylene or polycaprolactone; The grammes per square metre of described perforated non-woven fabric layer is 1～20g/m
2, the aperture is 0.5～1mm, has homodisperse circle, rhombus or cruciform vent.
7. the preparation method of the described medical dressing of one of claim 1～6 is characterized in that, mainly may further comprise the steps:
(1) the matrix material mass concentration of preparation hydrogel layer is 2～16% hydrogel solution, and it is evenly covered the two-layer compound thing that obtains hydrogel layer and supporting layer on the supporting layer:
(2) preparation has the nanofiber layer of gradient distribution of fiber diameters;
(3) nanofiber layer that is covered with step (2) preparation on the hydrogel layer surface of the two-layer compound thing of step (1) preparation obtains three layers of complex;
(4) reinforce the perforated non-woven fabric layer at the nanofiber laminar surface of three layers of complex of step (3) preparation.
8. preparation method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the forming method of described supporting layer is water thorn, spunbond, hot blast, hot rolling, knitting, braiding, drench film, blown film or melt and spray; The forming method of described nanofiber layer is that pulling method, template are synthetic, self assembly, microphase-separated or electrostatic spinning; The forming method of described perforated non-woven fabric layer is spunbond or the processing of water thorn.
9. preparation method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the associated methods of described hydrogel layer and supporting layer is blade coating, spraying or compound.
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