CN102590070B - Pressure-resistant multi-layer cavity corrosion test device and method - Google Patents
Pressure-resistant multi-layer cavity corrosion test device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pressure-resistant multi-layer cavity corrosion test device and a pressure-resistant multi-layer cavity corrosion test method. The invention aims to provide the pressure-resistant multi-layer cavity corrosion test device and the pressure-resistant multi-layer cavity corrosion test method. During test, a carbonate rock sample test block is placed in a cavity of the device, the pressure-bearing rock in the cavity is dissolved into water and contacted with the surface of the carbonate rock sample test block, and the rock dissolution process in gap and cave in the carbonate rock layer in the underground deep place is simulated, so the change of durance of the rock soil body is disclosed and scientific basis is provided for construction reinforcement and other safety measures. The invention adopts the technical scheme that: the device comprises a pressure-resistant storage, a water supply device and a tail water device; the water supply device and the tail water device are connected with a water inlet and a water outlet of the pressure-resistant storage respectively; the device is characterized in that a group of corrosion-resistant trays are arranged in the pressure-resistant storage in parallel and vertical to the water inlet; water-passing channels are reserved between each corrosion-resistant tray and the side wall of the pressure-resistant storage; and two adjacent water-passing channels are arranged staggeredly. The device and the method are applicable to underground engineering such as hydraulic and hydropowder engineering, traffic, mine and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pressure-resistant multi-layer cavity corrosion device and test method thereof, mainly be applicable to the underground workss such as Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering, traffic, mine.
Background technology
Karst Project Areas building aging is natural Rock And Soil and injection or the material be comprised of cement grout etc. of putting into it, owing to contacting with corrosive water, the process that its physicochemical characteristics decayed along with its operation age, wherein, it is mainly the loss of calcium ion, cause the decay of its mechanical property, and very large impetus has been played in the variation of temperature and pressure in its ageing process.The karst region chemical damage directly causes the damage of mechanical property.The example that embodies chemistry and mechanics damage combined action has a lot, representative as dark of aggressivity chemical solution storage organization, building foundation, karst region, underground deep cavern etc.These structures are generally formed by country rock and pouring concrete, and many places are in underground and be permanent.The long term of chemical damage and mechanics damage affects the performance of material and structure to a great extent.Under underground mobile soft water or aggressivity chemical solution long term, calcium ion in the country rock pore solution of karst region can constantly be invaded and separate out, and causes the porosity on country rock surface to increase, and material property descends, form chemical damage, chemical damage will promote the development of mechanics damage; Simultaneously, the development of mechanics damage, will promote to increase the Emergence and Development of country rock internal tiny crack and microporosity the diffusivity of concrete material, thereby promote the development of chemical damage, and especially this variation more easily occurs the lamelliform strata structure; Even the interaction of these two kinds of damages, mutually promoting just makes country rock material or structure not bear larger load just may to destroy in advance.Up to the present, indoor, also do not have effective instrument and equipment to test to have under alternating temperature transformation condition both at home and abroad, can simulate the corrosion characteristics of multilayer sample, the physical environment in the wild of experiment limitation mostly, yet field environment is mostly open system, be difficult to underground temperature, the press strip part of real simulation.At present, conventional test unit as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, comprise the high pressure resistant metal cavitg 21 with water inlet 22 and water delivering orifice 23, tensimeter 24 with internal communication is installed on it, test is positioned in metal cavitg with rock sample 25, is generally used for the cryogenic high pressure dissolved corrosion test, and water temperature, flow and pressure all can not arbitrarily change, and current can not fully react with all samples, the variation of calcium ion also only has by tail water and carries out indoor chemical examination.Therefore for the carbonate formation in Project Areas, under different temperatures, pressure condition, corrosion amount and the speed thereof of underground deep Rock And Soil are surveyed, to grasp in real time the corrosion Changing Pattern of calcium ion in this experiment.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: the problem for above-mentioned existence provides a kind of pressure-resistant multi-layer cavity corrosion device and test method thereof, during test, the test piece of carbonate rock sample is put into to the cavity of this device, allow the interior pressure-bearing karst water of cavity contact the surface of carbonate rock sample test piece, simulate the Karst process in allowance in the deep under ground carbonate rock stratum, solution cavity, and it is dynamic according to the reaction of calcium ion, disclose the variation of Rock And Soil endurance quality, in order to construct, reinforcement and other safety practice provide scientific basis.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the pressure-resistant multi-layer cavity corrosion device, comprise withstand voltage storehouse and the water supply installation and the tail water device that are connected respectively with water delivering orifice with this withstand voltage storehouse water inlet, it is characterized in that: in described withstand voltage storehouse perpendicular to its water inlet one group of corrosion-resistant pallet that is arranged in parallel, all left aquaporin between each corrosion-resistant pallet and withstand voltage storehouse sidewall, and adjacent two cross aquaporin dislocation layout.
Described water supply installation comprises the glass container that karst water is housed and is communicated with this glass container and the glass aqueduct of withstand voltage storehouse water inlet, on this grass tube, along water (flow) direction, arranges successively high-pressure pump, flow instrument, temperature controller and tensimeter.
Described tail water device comprises the conduit be communicated with withstand voltage storehouse water delivering orifice, and the tail water collection container that is positioned at this conduit water side.
The calcium ion detector is housed on described conduit, and this detector is provided with the probe stretched in conduit.
Described test unit also comprises an experiment table, and described withstand voltage storehouse is fixedly installed on this experiment table by rivet.
The pressure-resistant multi-layer cavity corrosion method is characterized in that step is as follows:
A, get Project Areas former state water or prepared according to the Features of Hydrochemistry of Project Areas karst water, obtaining testing required karst water;
B, the test piece of carbonate rock sample is placed in drying baker and dries 24 hours after, claim its weight, be denoted as W
0, unit: mg;
C, the test piece of step b gained is positioned on the corrosion-resistant pallet in withstand voltage storehouse, and adjusts temperature to 25 ℃, hydraulic pressure to 10Mpa;
D, to press the speed of 10ml/min round-the-clock to implantation step a gained karst water in withstand voltage storehouse, karst water fully contacted, test period 24 hours with test piece;
After e, test, test piece is taken out and put into drying baker and dry 24 hours, sweep off floating dust, then weigh, the test piece weight after being tested, be denoted as W
i(i=1,2 ... 12), unit: mg; Get the tail water infiltration water simultaneously, through indoor chemical examination, draw the concentration of calcium ion, by chemical equation, calculate the content T of calcium carbonate
i(i=1,2 ... 12), unit: mg/L, outwell this test tail water;
F, the test piece after test is put into to withstand voltage storehouse again, and successively at 25 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 20Mpa, 25 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 30Mpa, 20 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 10Mpa, 20 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 20Mpa, 20 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 30Mpa, 15 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 10Mpa, 15 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 20Mpa, 15 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 30Mpa, 10 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 10Mpa, 10 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 20Mpa, 10 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 30Mpa, repeating step d, e under totally ten one kinds of different conditions;
G, according to following formula, ask for corrosion amount and the erosion rate after each test,
Quality corrosion amount a
i=W
i-1-W
i, (i=1,2 ... 12)
Quality erosion rate c
i=(W
i-1-W
i)/24, (i=1,2 ... 12)
Erosion rate X
i=4E
it
i/ 100, (i=1,2 ... 12), unit: mm/ thousand; E
ifor depth of erosion, unit: dm.
In described step c, before test piece is put into to drying baker, the test piece that first will take out in withstand voltage storehouse is placed in the airless environment 2 hours of 25 ℃ of temperature, makes its surperficial moisture evaporation.
The diameter of described test piece is 500mm, and thickness is 10mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: in the withstand voltage storehouse of the present invention, arranging multiplayer, for placing the pallet of test piece, can fully react karst water with test piece; While is installation high-voltage pump, flow instrument, temperature controller and tensimeter on the water inlet grass tube, can set according to demand at any time different power, adjustment enters pressure, flow, the temperature of the karst water in withstand voltage storehouse, in order to survey under different temperatures, pressure condition, corrosion amount and the speed thereof of underground deep Rock And Soil, simulate the Karst process in allowance in the deep under ground carbonate rock stratum, solution cavity; Finally in the tail water conduit, add calcium ion dynamic monitoring meter, to facilitate the Monitoring on Dynamic Change that the calcium ion in tail water is implemented, disclose the variation of Rock And Soil endurance quality, in order to construct, reinforcement and other safety practice provide reliable scientific basis.In addition, the present invention has carried out local flow improvement in appearance to test unit, makes it possess more perfect tail water collection system and stocking system, can meet the requirement of this test, has greatly improved work efficiency.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing of test unit in background technology of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural drawing of test unit of the present invention.
The vertical view that Fig. 4 is Fig. 3.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, the karst water of carbonate formation inside flows along secondary structural plane or solution crack, solution cavity under the pressure-bearing condition, so, karst water with certain pressure just will inevitably produce corrosion to the fissured structure in carbonate formation and solution crack, solution cavity surface, is mainly that calcium ion participates in reaction.Accordingly, the present embodiment is constructed a kind of test unit, and the Karst process in the carbonate rock stratum of simulate formation depths in allowance, solution cavity, explain the situation of change of Rock And Soil inside as far as possible really.The present embodiment test unit comprises experiment table 1, by rivet 8, is fixedly installed in withstand voltage storehouse 13 on this experiment table (special height is withstand voltage non-corrosive metal (NCM) container), and the water supply installation and the tail water device that with this withstand voltage storehouse water inlet, with water delivering orifice, are connected respectively; Perpendicular to its water inlet one group of corrosion-resistant pallet 7 that is arranged in parallel, all left aquaporin 15 between each corrosion-resistant pallet 7 and withstand voltage storehouse 13 sidewalls, and adjacent two cross aquaporins 15 dislocation layouts in described withstand voltage storehouse 13; In this example, withstand voltage storehouse 13 water inlets and water delivering orifice all vertically arrange, 7, corrosion-resistant pallet is horizontally disposed.
Described water supply installation comprises for splendid attire karst water (having rodent liquid, how in karst region, distribute) glass container 2 (being positioned on experiment table) and be communicated with this glass container and the glass aqueduct 12 of withstand voltage storehouse 13 water inlets, arrange successively high-pressure pump 3 (for to the karst water pressurization), flow instrument 4 (for recording discharge), temperature controller 5 (for controlling coolant-temperature gage) and tensimeter 6 (for measurement and read water pressure) along water (flow) direction on this grass tube.
Described tail water device comprises the conduit 16 be communicated with withstand voltage storehouse 13 water delivering orifices, and the tail water collection container 11 that is positioned at this conduit water side, calcium ion detector 10 (for recording the current calcium ion content) is housed on described conduit 16, the probe 9 (the acid resistance wire is under the jurisdiction of the calcium ion detector) stretched in conduit 16 is set on this detector.
Karst water becomes the fluid with certain flow rate and pressure under high-pressure pump 3 effects, and high-pressure pump 3 in test can be set different power at any time according to demand, to facilitate, regulates different hydraulic pressure, and hydraulic pressure can be read by tensimeter 6; Can record the flow velocity of fluid during karst water process flow instrument 4, the convenient karst water quantity of calculating the actual participation reaction; The high-velocity flow temperature controller 5 of flowing through, can be converted into the fluid with uniform temperature according to concrete testing requirements, and temperature controller 5 can be regulated easily through the temperature of fluid wherein, to facilitate in test, constantly regulates temperature variation; Fluid enters in withstand voltage storehouse 13 by glass aqueduct 12, be positioned over storehouse in test piece on corrosion-resistant pallet 7 fully contact, concurrent looks is closed physics, chemical reaction; Participate in reacted solution and flow to tail water collection container 11 through conduit 16, during this period, implement dynamic monitoring by the calcium ion detector 10 with probe 9 again.
The step of utilizing the described test unit of the present embodiment to be tested is as follows:
A, get Project Areas former state water or prepared according to the Features of Hydrochemistry of Project Areas karst water, obtaining testing required karst water.
B, carbonate rock sample test piece (diameter 500mm, thick 10mm) is placed in drying baker (80 ℃) and dries 24 hours after, claim its weight, be denoted as W
0, unit: mg.
C, the test piece of step b gained is positioned on the corrosion-resistant pallet 7 in withstand voltage storehouse 13, then utilizes high-pressure pump 3 that hydraulic pressure is adjusted to 10Mpa (hydraulic pressure can be read from tensimeter 6), utilize temperature controller 5 that water temperature is adjusted to 25 ℃.
D, to the karst water of withstand voltage storehouse 13 interior implantation step a gained, and the speed of utilizing flow instrument 4 to control the withstand voltage storehouse of injection 13 interior water is 10ml/min, whole the injecting process needs successively to keep 24 hours, makes the abundant contact reaction of karst water and test piece, test period 24 hours.
After d, dissolved corrosion test, wipe the micro-form of corrosion on water destruct top layer for preventing baking and test piece surface, after test piece is taken out from withstand voltage storehouse 13, be positioned in the airless environment of 25 ℃ of temperature, through 2 hours, allow the test piece surface moisture disappear, then put into drying baker oven dry 24 hours, sweep off floating dust, adopt per mille electronic balance (being accurate to 0.001g) to weigh, show that the test piece weight after the corrosion experiment is denoted as W
i(i=1,2 ... 12), unit: mg, now i gets 1; Get the tail water infiltration water simultaneously, through indoor chemical examination, draw the concentration of calcium ion, by following conservation chemical equation:
That is:
Calculate the content T of calcium carbonate
i(i=1,2 ... 12), unit: mg/L, now i gets 1, then outwells this test tail water, for test next time, receives tail water.
F, ask for corrosion amount and erosion rate,
Quality corrosion amount a
i=W
i-1-W
i, (i=1,2 ... 12)
Quality erosion rate c
i=(W
i-1-W
i)/24, (i=1,2 ... 12)
Erosion rate X
i=4E
it
i/ 100, (i=1,2 ... 12), unit: mm/ thousand; E
ifor depth of erosion (obtaining by the indoor instrument of soil test), unit: dm, now i gets 1.So far, dissolved corrosion test of test piece completes.
For accurately simulating the Karst process in allowance, solution cavity in the deep under ground carbonate rock stratum, need under the pressure and temperature varying condition, to each test piece, carry out dissolved corrosion test.In this example, every test piece all needs to carry out ten secondary dissolved corrosion tests, therefore, back also needs the sample will obtained after at every turn testing, successively according to 25 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 20Mpa, 25 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 30Mpa, 20 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 10Mpa, 20 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 20Mpa, 20 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 30Mpa, 15 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 10Mpa, 15 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 20Mpa, 15 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 30Mpa, 10 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 10Mpa, 10 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 20Mpa, 10 ℃ of water temperatures, the order of hydraulic pressure 30Mpa, (rate of water injection of each test is always 10ml/min to totally ten one kinds of different conditions, time is 24 hours) under carry out dissolved corrosion test, and complete in each test, test piece weight after weighing corrosion experiment is denoted as W
i(i=2,3 ... 12), unit: mg gets the tail water infiltration water simultaneously, through indoor chemical examination, calculates the content T of calcium carbonate
i(i=2,3 ... 12), unit: mg/L, finally according to following formula, calculate quality corrosion amount a
i=W
i-1-W
i, (i=2,3 ... 12), quality erosion rate c
i=(W
i-1-W
i)/24, (i=2,3 ... 12), erosion rate X
i=4E
it
i/ 100, (i=2,3 ... 12), unit: mm/ thousand, E
ifor depth of erosion, unit: dm.
Claims (7)
1. a method that adopts the pressure-resistant multi-layer cavity corrosion device to carry out dissolved corrosion test is characterized in that:
Described test unit comprises withstand voltage storehouse (13) and the water supply installation and the tail water device that are connected respectively with water delivering orifice with this withstand voltage storehouse water inlet, in described withstand voltage storehouse (13) perpendicular to its water inlet one group of corrosion-resistant pallet (7) that is arranged in parallel, all left aquaporin (15) between each corrosion-resistant pallet (7) and withstand voltage storehouse (13) sidewall, and adjacent two cross aquaporin (15) dislocation layout;
Described pressure-resistant multi-layer cavity corrosion method, its step is as follows:
A, get Project Areas former state water or prepared according to the Features of Hydrochemistry of Project Areas karst water, obtaining testing required karst water;
B, the test piece of carbonate rock sample is placed in drying baker and dries 24 hours after, claim its weight, be denoted as
w 0 , unit: mg;
C, the corrosion-resistant pallet (7) that the test piece of step b gained is positioned in withstand voltage storehouse (13) are upper, and adjust temperature to 25 ℃, hydraulic pressure to 10Mpa;
D, the speed of pressing 10ml/min are round-the-clock to withstand voltage storehouse (13) interior implantation step a gained karst water, karst water are fully contacted, test period 24 hours with test piece;
After e, test, test piece is taken out and put into drying baker and dry 24 hours, sweep off floating dust, then weigh, the test piece weight after being tested, be denoted as
w i (
i=1,2 ... 12), unit: mg; Get the tail water infiltration water simultaneously, through indoor chemical examination, draw the concentration of calcium ion, by chemical equation, calculate the content of calcium carbonate
t i (
i=1,2 ... 12), unit: mg/L, outwell this test tail water;
F, by the test after test piece again put into withstand voltage storehouse (13), and successively at 25 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 20Mpa, 25 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 30Mpa, 20 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 10Mpa, 20 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 20Mpa, 20 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 30Mpa, 15 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 10Mpa, 15 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 20Mpa, 15 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 30Mpa, 10 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 10Mpa, 10 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 20Mpa, 10 ℃ of water temperatures, hydraulic pressure 30Mpa, repeating step d, e under totally ten one kinds of different conditions;
G, according to following formula, ask for corrosion amount and the erosion rate after each test,
Quality corrosion amount
a i=
w i-1 – W i , (
i=1,2 ... 12)
The quality erosion rate
c i=(
w i-1 – W i )/24, (
i=1,2 ... 12)
Erosion rate
x i =4
e i t i / 100, (
i=1,2 ... 12), unit: mm/ thousand;
e i for depth of erosion, unit: dm.
2. pressure-resistant multi-layer cavity corrosion method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step c, before test piece is put into to drying baker, first will be placed in from the test piece of taking out in withstand voltage storehouse (13) the airless environment 2 hours of 25 ℃ of temperature, make its surperficial moisture evaporation.
3. pressure-resistant multi-layer cavity corrosion method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the diameter of described test piece is 500mm, thickness is 10mm.
4. pressure-resistant multi-layer cavity corrosion device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described water supply installation comprises the glass container (2) that karst water is housed and is communicated with this glass container and the glass aqueduct (12) of withstand voltage storehouse (13) water inlet, on this grass tube, along water (flow) direction, arranges successively high-pressure pump (3), flow instrument (4), temperature controller (5) and tensimeter (6).
5. pressure-resistant multi-layer cavity corrosion device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described tail water device comprises the conduit (16) be communicated with withstand voltage storehouse (13) water delivering orifice, and the tail water collection container (11) that is positioned at this conduit water side.
6. pressure-resistant multi-layer cavity corrosion device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: calcium ion detector (10) is housed on described conduit (16), and this detector is provided with the probe (9) stretched in conduit (16).
7. pressure-resistant multi-layer cavity corrosion device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described test unit also comprises an experiment table (1), described withstand voltage storehouse (13) is fixedly installed on this experiment table by rivet (8).
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| CN105572024B (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2018-07-17 | 贵州师范大学 | Carbonate rock erosion rate experimental provision under the soil environment of karst |
| CN105628596B (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2018-03-30 | 中铁西南科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of dissolved corrosion test device and its implementation |
| CN105427730B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-03-15 | 济南大学 | Get over streaming system analogue means and analogy method in a kind of karst region skylight |
| CN105911253B (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2018-06-12 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Rock salt cavern interlayer collapses simulation test device and simulation experiment method |
| CN106153859A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-23 | 福建工程学院 | A kind of rock salt moves assay device and the computational methods of water-soluble erosion |
| CN108519071A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-09-11 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of damage detecting method of yag crystal |
| CN109884281B (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2023-12-01 | 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所 | Test device for on-line monitoring carbonate corrosion |
| CN110441185A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-11-12 | 石家庄铁道大学 | For measuring the test device and test method of rock salt rate of dissolution |
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| CN2884197Y (en) * | 2005-11-16 | 2007-03-28 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Vadose-dissolution coupling test device for rock salt fissure |
| CN100588945C (en) * | 2008-01-08 | 2010-02-10 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Rock mechanics experiment loading unit for bittern flow field corrosion condition |
| CN201615870U (en) * | 2010-01-21 | 2010-10-27 | 三峡大学 | Experimental instrument simulating water-rock interaction mechanism in reservoir water pressure state |
| CN202512048U (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2012-10-31 | 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院 | Pressure-resistant multilayer cavity corrosion testing device |
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