CN102589937A - Air monitoring and classified sampling method and device - Google Patents
Air monitoring and classified sampling method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102589937A CN102589937A CN2012100226795A CN201210022679A CN102589937A CN 102589937 A CN102589937 A CN 102589937A CN 2012100226795 A CN2012100226795 A CN 2012100226795A CN 201210022679 A CN201210022679 A CN 201210022679A CN 102589937 A CN102589937 A CN 102589937A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an air monitoring and classified sampling method and a device. Through air suction, air with a certain flow velocity passes by nuclear pore filter membranes which have three levels of different apertures of 10mum, 2.5mum and less than 0.3mum, so particles in the air are accurately trapped on the nuclear pore filter membranes in a classification way according to the sizes of the particles. The device which realizes the method comprises an air suction device, a flow controller and a nuclear pore membrane filter. The device can accurately trap the particles which have different diameters in the classification way through the nuclear pore filter membranes which have three levels of different absolute apertures, the particles are all trapped on the surfaces of the nuclear pore filter membranes and can be effectively eluted, so the further accurate composition and content analysis is benefited, and the effectiveness of a monitoring result is improved; and the nuclear pore membrane filter is a detachable disposable filter which is low in price, simple to operate and convenient to use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of air monitering cascade sampling method and device.
Background technology
PM2.5 (particles of aerodynamic diameter≤2.5 μ m) can get into lung and is deposited on the alveolar through respiratory tract, and what have can directly get into blood, is the pollutant of serious harm health.Some countries of the U.S. and European Union include PM2.5 GB in and carry out mandatory restriction already, and most of country is still current to monitor PM10 (particles of aerodynamic diameter≤10 μ m).Along with people's begins to list it in ambient air monitoring standard to the further understanding of PM2.5 harm gradually.Air monitering sampling apparatus commonly used comprises impact sampler, Cyclonic sampling thief, hydraulic shock formula sampling thief etc.; At present in the world the harvester of air monitering is adopted impact sampler more, obtained because of it is simple to operate, cheap using widely.The ultimate principle of above-mentioned sampling apparatus is varying in size according to particle; Centrifugal force during through the particle high-speed motion or inertial force effect separate size particles, and be captured respectively plate and miillpore filter are held back; What particle was big is deposited on the entrapment plate, and the miillpore filter that passes through that particle is little captures.Sampling thief according to centrifugal force or the making of inertial force principle design; Its major defect is: (1) particle separation out of true; Test result is inaccurate: because particle centrifugal force or inertial force principle mainly are to separate through granular mass, and the quality of particle not only depends on grain size, also depends on the density of particle; Therefore when sampling; The particle fast when speed, that density is little, particle diameter is big is during greater than the surface adhesion force of entrapment plate, and the bulky grain plate that will be captured bounces back into and goes in the air-flow and held back by the miillpore filter of rear end, causes PM2.5 numerical value bigger than normal; On the other hand, the particle that speed is fast, density is big, particle diameter the is little plate that also possibly be captured is held back, thereby causes PM2.5 numerical value less than normal, and the particle separation out of true has a strong impact on sample test result's accuracy.(2) be difficult to Xian and take off, can't carry out depth analysis: because miillpore filter belongs to the deep layer filter membrane, after PM2.5 is caught by miillpore filter, be adsorbed or be trapped in the deep layer or internal void of film, be difficult to wash-out, can't carry out depth analysis the composition and the content of particle.(3) complex operation, use inconvenience: need sample level be disassembled after the sampling and carry out the back detection, need clean when reusing, complex operation uses inconvenience.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of air monitering cascade sampling method and device; Solve existing air sampling method and device to the particle separation out of true; Test result is inaccurate, is difficult to wash-out, can't carries out depth analysis, problems such as complex operation, use inconvenience.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a kind of air monitering cascade sampling method, and the device of realizing said method is provided.
Air monitering cascade sampling method disclosed by the invention is through bleeding, the air that makes certain flow rate through 10 μ m, 2.5 μ m ,≤nuclear pore filter film in three grades of different apertures of 0.3 μ m, with airborne particle by size accurately classification be trapped on the nuclear pore filter film.
The invention also discloses a kind of air monitering grading sampling device, comprise air extractor, flow controller and nuclear pore filter film filtrator.
Wherein said nuclear pore filter film filtrator comprises loam cake, nuclear pore filter film, porous bidentate liner, compresses O type circle, seals O type circle, layering joint, base.
The loam cake upper end is provided with air intake opening, and the base lower end is provided with the gas outlet, connects through screw thread or buckle between loam cake, layering joint, the base.
Compressing O type circle is elasticity rubber preferably with sealing O type loop material.
Said nuclear pore filter film is selected PET (polyethylene terephthalate) or PC (polycarbonate) mylar for use; Adopt high-energy ion irradiation; Then through the preparation of suitable chemical etching process and get, three grades of nuclear pore filter film apertures be respectively 10 μ m, 2.5 μ m ,≤0.3 μ m.
The beneficial effect of cascade sampling method of the present invention and device is following:
(1) separate accurately: the present invention adopts classified filtering mechanism; Separate the particle of different-diameter size through the nuclear pore filter film in three grades of absolute apertures of difference, its mechanism is different from impacting type, Cyclonic and liquid-type impact sampling device and utilizes centrifugal force or inertial force principle to reach the purpose of separating the different quality size particles.Because nuclear pore filter film has cylindric regular passes, aperture homogeneous, the ganoid unique advantage that other film materials all do not possess; And has a thin thickness; Chemical stability is good, and characteristics such as physical strength height are specially adapted to the accurate separation of 0.01～10 μ m range of micropores particle.In gatherer process; To the gas velocity no requirement (NR); Particle bounce-back and particle that " cyclone " that can avoid producing soon because of gas velocity or airflow direction instability cause return to the air-flow phenomenon; Help short grained absorption and sedimentation, filter membrane is improved the collecting efficiency of fine particle, separate more accurate.(2) be prone to wash-out; Be convenient to post-processed and analysis: nuclear pore filter film is unique surface filtration film; Have cylindric regular passes, aperture homogeneous, ganoid characteristics, the above particle in normal pore size all is trapped within the nuclear pore filter film surface during sampling, effectively the particle collected of wash-out; Be convenient to further form accurately and content analysis, improve the validity of monitoring result.And other film materials are the spongy irregular pass that irregular pass that fiber interweaving forms or inversion of phases form, and all belong to the in-depth filtration film, and the inner hole of particle tunicle is held back, and is not easy to wash-out, can't carry out more accurate the composition and content analysis.(3) simple to operate, easy to use: the nuclear pore filter film filtrator of sampling apparatus is a particle collector, is detachable disposable use filtrator, and cheap, need clean when avoiding the traditional sampling device to reuse, troublesome operation such as assembling.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of nucleopore membrane filter among the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of nuclear pore filter film among the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described further:
With reference to accompanying drawing 1, air monitering grading sampling device of the present invention comprises air extractor 1, flow controller 2, nuclear pore filter film filtrator 3.
With reference to accompanying drawing 2, nuclear pore filter film filtrator 3 comprises loam cake 31, nuclear pore filter film 32, porous bidentate liner 33, compresses O type circle 34, seals O type circle 35, layering joint 36, base 37.Wherein, nuclear pore filter film 32 is to select PET or PC mylar for use, adopts high-energy ion irradiation, gets through suitable chemical etching process preparation then.Loam cake 31 has air intake opening; Base 37 has the gas outlet; Two layering joints 36 are placed with porous bidentate liner 33 respectively with base 37; The nuclear pore filter film 32 in three kinds of apertures is placed on respectively on three porous bidentate liners 33, from the air intake opening to the gas outlet, place successively 10 μ m, 2.5 μ m ,≤0.3 μ m nuclear pore filter film, and on film, add and compress O type circle 34; Screw thread or buckle through on loam cake 31, layering joint 36 and the base 37 are connected each several part, and the each several part junction is placed with sealing O type circle 35 to keep impermeability.Air extractor 1 provides power that air is got in the sampling thief; Flow velocity through flow controller 2 control airs; The air of certain flow rate gets in the nuclear pore filter film filtrator 3; Successively through 10 μ m, 2.5 μ m ,≤filtration of 0.3 μ m nuclear pore filter film 32 holds back gradation, gather respectively>=10 μ m, 2.5 μ m～10 μ m ,≤particle of 2.5 μ m.Each sample level can be dismantled, and samples as the single-stage sample level.
Specific embodiment:
Select the PET mylar for use, adopt high-energy ion irradiation, make the nuclear pore filter film in 10 μ m, 2.5 μ m, three kinds of apertures of 0.2 μ m then through suitable chemical etching process respectively.With the filter membrane in three kinds of apertures by on the descending porous bidentate liner that is placed on successively on two layering joints, the base in aperture; On film, add and compress O type circle; Loam cake, layering joint, each junction of base add sealing O type circle; With loam cake, the layering joint of placing 10 μ m filter membranes, the layering joint of placing 2.5 μ m filter membranes, the base of placing 0.2 μ m filter membrane connects successively and screw; Again this nuclepore filter is installed on the sampling thief, regulates flow controller and make air get into nuclepore filter with the flow velocity of 5～15L/min.Choose three sampled points arbitrarily and sample, record PM10, PM2.5, as shown in table 1.The diameter of the particle of holding back with transmission electron microscope observing sample level at different levels, the particle diameter of particle that each sample level is held back explain that this sampling thief can hold back the accurate classification of particle all in grading range.
This sampling thief of table 1 records PM10, PM2.5 value at the different mining sampling point
| Sampled point | PM10(μg/m 3) | PM2.5(μg/m 3) | PM2.5/PM10(％) |
| 1# | 121.3 | 62 | 51 |
| 2# | 117 | 56.2 | 48 |
| 3# | 149.5 | 83.7 | 56 |
The above; It only is preferred embodiments of the present invention; Be not that the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, every foundation technical spirit of the present invention all still belongs to the scope of patented claim of the present invention to above any modification, equivalent variations and modification that embodiment did.
Claims (4)
1. air monitering cascade sampling method; It is characterized in that: through bleeding; The air that makes certain flow rate through 10 μ m, 2.5 μ m ,≤nuclear pore filter film in three grades of different apertures of 0.3 μ m, with airborne particle by size accurately classification be trapped on the nuclear pore filter film.
2. according to the device of the said method of claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising air extractor (1), flow controller (2) and nuclear pore filter film filtrator (3).
3. device according to claim 2 is characterized in that nuclear pore filter film filtrator (3) comprises loam cake (31), nuclear pore filter film (32), porous bidentate liner (33), compresses O type circle (34), seals O type circle (35), layering joint (36), base (37).
4. nuclear pore filter film filtrator according to claim 2 (3) is characterized in that:
Said loam cake (31) upper end is provided with air intake opening, and base (37) lower end is provided with the gas outlet, connects through screw thread or buckle between loam cake (31), layering joint (36), the base (37).
The said O of compressing type circle (34) and sealing O type circle (35) material are elasticity rubber preferably.
Said nuclear pore filter film (32) is selected PET or PC mylar for use, adopts high-energy ion irradiation, then through suitable chemical etching process preparation and get, three grades of nuclear pore filter films (32) aperture be respectively 10 μ m, 2.5 μ m ,≤0.3 μ m.
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| CN 201210022679 CN102589937B (en) | 2012-02-01 | 2012-02-01 | Air monitoring and classified sampling method and device |
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| CN 201210022679 CN102589937B (en) | 2012-02-01 | 2012-02-01 | Air monitoring and classified sampling method and device |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104198227A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-12-10 | 北京工业大学 | Catering source particulate matter and volatile organic compound sampling system |
| CN105092318A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for sampling benzo a pyrene in asphalt tank headspace gas |
| CN105717005A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-06-29 | 广东工业大学 | PM2.5 monitoring method based on particle size |
| CN108956216A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-07 | 刘召卿 | Air particle grading sampling device for environmental monitoring |
| CN109187104A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-01-11 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | High-throughput deep sea water sampling and classified filtering system |
| CN109342161A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-15 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | A kind of two-stage multichannel atmosphere collection tube road filtration system |
| CN110243626A (en) * | 2019-05-25 | 2019-09-17 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | A kind of practical Atmospheric particulates sampling cutter system and application method |
| CN113532966A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-10-22 | 北京大学 | Automatic multi-stage single-particle impact type sampler and sampling method |
| CN114112560A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-01 | 海南昊霖环保科技有限公司 | Hierarchical sampling method and device for air monitoring |
| CN115561032A (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2023-01-03 | 天津市疾病预防控制中心 | Air collector for simulating multi-air-pressure sampling environment |
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| CN88200279U (en) * | 1988-01-06 | 1988-12-14 | 广州半导体材料研究所 | Fine gas filter with kern hole film |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104198227A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-12-10 | 北京工业大学 | Catering source particulate matter and volatile organic compound sampling system |
| CN105092318A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for sampling benzo a pyrene in asphalt tank headspace gas |
| CN105717005A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-06-29 | 广东工业大学 | PM2.5 monitoring method based on particle size |
| CN109187104A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-01-11 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | High-throughput deep sea water sampling and classified filtering system |
| CN108956216A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-07 | 刘召卿 | Air particle grading sampling device for environmental monitoring |
| CN108956216B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2020-11-17 | 嘉兴嘉卫检测科技有限公司 | Air particulate matter grading sampling device for environmental monitoring |
| CN109342161B (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2024-04-26 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Two-stage multichannel atmospheric acquisition pipeline filtration system |
| CN109342161A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-15 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | A kind of two-stage multichannel atmosphere collection tube road filtration system |
| CN110243626A (en) * | 2019-05-25 | 2019-09-17 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | A kind of practical Atmospheric particulates sampling cutter system and application method |
| CN113532966B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2022-04-26 | 北京大学 | Automatic multi-stage single-particle impact type sampler and sampling method |
| CN113532966A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-10-22 | 北京大学 | Automatic multi-stage single-particle impact type sampler and sampling method |
| CN114112560A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-01 | 海南昊霖环保科技有限公司 | Hierarchical sampling method and device for air monitoring |
| CN115561032A (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2023-01-03 | 天津市疾病预防控制中心 | Air collector for simulating multi-air-pressure sampling environment |
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