CN102581491A - Laser welding method for injection molding of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Laser welding method for injection molding of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN102581491A CN102581491A CN2012100513427A CN201210051342A CN102581491A CN 102581491 A CN102581491 A CN 102581491A CN 2012100513427 A CN2012100513427 A CN 2012100513427A CN 201210051342 A CN201210051342 A CN 201210051342A CN 102581491 A CN102581491 A CN 102581491A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laser welding method for injection molding of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy. The method comprises the following specific steps: abutting joint and arranging a test panel I to be welded and a test panel II to be welded on a base plate of a welding operation desk, wherein the direction of a jointing seam is the same as that of a groove which is arranged on the upper surface of the base plate; connecting a back shielding gas pipe into a gas passage, and setting a gas flow to be 13-15L/min; regulating the gas flow direction of a side-blowing gas pipe to be opposite to a welding direction, and setting a gas flow to be 25-28L/min; setting laser power to be 6-8KW; and opening the back shielding gas pipe and the side-blowing gas pipe, starting laser after the side-blowing gas pipe blows gas for 2-3 seconds, starting welding from a point A to a point B at a welding speed of 3-5m/min, and after the laser reaches the point B, stopping the laser first, and closing the side-blowing gas pipe and the back shielding gas pipe. The laser with concentrated energy density is adopted as a heating source, and a weld joint has a small width and an extremely narrow heat-affected zone after the welding, so that the amount of an element Zn separated from the weld joint is greatly decreased, and the performance of the weld joint is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding method that is used for reaction-injection moulding Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy Laser Welding, belong to material interconnection technique field.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy is with its good physics, chemistry and mechanical performance, is widely used at many key areas of national defence and economic construction.The strong Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy of reaction-injection moulding superelevation is the heat-treatable strengthened wrought aluminium alloy that on the basis of Al-Zn-Mg aluminium alloy, grows up.Spray forming technology has realized that rapid solidification, the original position of metal solidification process solidify and the multiple technical indicator of high-compactness; Both broken through that casting technique is slowly solidified, gross segregation and loose technical bottleneck; Broken through the technical bottleneck densified, that the member specification is little that is difficult to of powder metallurgical technique again, made metal material realize the dual raising of high-performance and big specification.The Development of New Generation ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy that develops into of spray forming technology provides new approach, and this technology can significantly improve the solid solubility of alloying element, crystal grain thinning, uniform formation, elimination gross segregation etc., thus the performance of material is significantly improved.
The Zn amount that contains that adopts the spray deposition technique exploitation is more than 8% (mass fraction); Be up to 14%; Tensile strength is 780～830MPa; δ is 10%～13% the strong Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy product of superelevation of new generation; Having advantages such as intensity height, good processability, corrosion resistance be better, be widely used in the manufacturing of the high-strength structure part etc. in fuselage, covering, wingbar, stringer, aircraft wheel hub and the rocket of various aircrafts, is indispensable important structure material in the aerospace field.
The Al-Zn-Mg-Cu high-performance aluminium alloy that adopts the spray forming technology preparation will inevitably involve interconnection technique, and the performance of jointing will have influence on the performance of total part when preparation large aircraft structure member.Airliner and transporter need adopt the parts of ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy, and its shape varies, because the ability of equipment and the dimensional problem of ingot casting can not solve all problems by casting, forging process.Welding processing has become the critical process of reaction-injection moulding Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy expanding application.But during traditional arc welding (TIG weldering, MIG weldering etc.) welding aluminum alloy, form incomplete fusion in the weld seam easily, be mingled with, defectives such as pore, solidification cracking; In addition, the linear expansion coefficient of aluminium alloy is big, and heat-conductivity conducting property is strong, is easy to generate defectives such as undercut, buckling deformation during welding.For high-intensity heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy, it is softening that overaging can take place in postwelding joint heat affected area, and joint mechanical property descends serious.Obdurability principle and characteristics to reaction-injection moulding Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy; Use traditional arc welding solder technology must face two big difficulties: i.e. the separating out and the Performance Match problem of base metals and weld metal of supersaturation Zn during solidification and crystallization again after the base metals fusing, weld strength will be well below the intensity of mother metal.
Laser Welding is to utilize high-octane laser pulse that material is carried out the local heat in the tiny area, and the energy of laser emission forms specific molten bath to reach the purpose of welding through the diffusion inside of heat conduction to material with material fusing back.High power CO
2The power density of Laser Welding can reach 10
7W/cm
2, and traditional argon arc welding is merely 10
2-10
4W/cm
2Compare with traditional T IG weldering, MIG weldering, laser weld has welding quality height, high, the fireballing characteristics of precision.In addition, the Laser Welding speed of welding is fast, and function is many, and adaptability is strong, and reliability is high, is prone to realize the automation and accurate control of welding process; Because be non-Contact welding,, man-hour and cost have been saved without electrode; Vacuum atmosphere when not needing electron beam welding, and protect gas and pressure to select, the shape of welded piece does not receive electromagnetic effect, does not produce X ray.
Therefore, when adopting the strong Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy of laser welding method welding reaction-injection moulding superelevation, because the laser weld energy density is high, hot input quantity is little, and welding deformation is little, can obtain the big weld seam of very narrow fusion zone and heat affected area and fusion penetration; Cooling velocity is fast, and seam organization is fine, thereby has at utmost reduced separating out of Zn element in the weld seam, so property of welded joint is good.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention technical problem to be solved is: when adopting traditional arc welding welding to reaction-injection moulding Al-Zn-Mg-Cu high strength alumin ium alloy; Because the separating out of supersaturation Zn during solidification and crystallization again after the base metals fusing; Make the problem that the intensity of welding point reduces greatly; A kind of welding new method that adopts the strong Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy of laser weld reaction-injection moulding superelevation is provided; The separating out of Zn element when making it can reduce weld seam and solidify, obtain simultaneously organizing tiny, the welding point of function admirable.
To achieve these goals, the present invention's technical scheme of being taked of dealing with problems is:
A kind of welding method that is used for reaction-injection moulding Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy Laser Welding, concrete steps are following:
(1) 2 butt joints are placed on the backing plate 4 of welding panel 3 with Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy test plate (panel) II with Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy test plate (panel) I to be welded 1, and the direction of said abutment joint is identical with the direction of the groove 8 that backing plate 4 upper surfaces are provided with;
(2) protect gas tracheae 5 to receive in the air flue 10 at the back, and the setting throughput is 13～15L/min;
(3) will the blow side airflow direction of gas tracheae 6 is adjusted on the contrary with welding direction, and throughput is 25～28L/min;
(4) welding condition is set in adjustment: laser power is 6～8KW;
(5) open back protection gas tracheae 5 and side-blown gas tracheae 6; The gas tracheae 6 of waiting to blow side was opened laser after blowing 2 to 3 seconds, began to weld to the B point from A point with the speed of welding of 3-5m/min; Close laser earlier after arriving the B point, 3-5 closes side-blown gas tracheae 6 and back protection gas tracheae 5 after second.
The bottom of the groove 8 that above-mentioned described backing plate 4 upper surfaces are provided with also has an air flue 10 identical with groove 8 directions, also is provided with the some and said air flue 10 vertical pores that communicate in the said groove 8.
The material of described backing plate 4 is a red copper.
Described back protection gas is pure argon, and its purity is 99.99%.
Described side-blown gas is pure helium, and its purity is 99.99%.
The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect compared with prior art:
1, the method for the strong Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy of reaction-injection moulding superelevation of the present invention Laser Welding; Adopt the concentrated laser of energy density as the heating thermal source; The postwelding weld seam has minimum width and very narrow heat affected area; Thereby greatly reduce separating out of Zn element in the weld seam, improved the performance of weld seam.
2, the strong Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy of Laser Welding welding reaction-injection moulding superelevation, speed of welding is fast, and reliability is high, is prone to realize the automation of welding process, has saved man-hour and cost; The shape of welded piece does not receive electromagnetic effect during welding; Do not produce X ray; Improved industrial practicality, for the extensive use of the novel interconnection technique of this kind in the manufacturing of the strong Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy of reaction-injection moulding superelevation industrial products in enormous quantities lays the first stone.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a welding method sketch map of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of the backing plate 4 among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the A-A profile of Fig. 2;
Among the figure: 1, Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy test plate (panel) I; 2, Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy test plate (panel) II; 3, welding panel; 4, backing plate; 5, back protection gas tracheae; 6, side-blown gas tracheae; 7, laser beam; 8, groove; 9, vertical pore; 10, air flue.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 to Fig. 3 the present invention is done further detailed description.
A kind of welding method that is used for reaction-injection moulding Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy Laser Welding of the present invention, step is following:
1, Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy test plate (panel) I and Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy test plate (panel) II butt joint is placed on the backing plate 4 of welding panel 3, the direction of weld seam is identical with the direction of backing plate 4 upper surface grooves 8, make as far as possible weld seam all be in vertical pore 9 directly over;
2, protect gas tracheae 5 to receive in the air flue 10 at the back, and adjustment setting throughput is 13～15L/min;
3, will the blow side airflow direction of gas tracheae 6 is adjusted on the contrary with welding direction, and throughput is 25～28L/min;
4, welding condition is set in adjustment: laser power is 6～8KW;
5, open back protection gas tracheae 5 and side-blown gas tracheae 6; The gas tracheae 6 of waiting to blow side was opened laser after blowing 2 to 3 seconds, began to weld to the B point from A point with the speed of welding of 3-5m/min; Close laser earlier after arriving the B point, 3-5 closes side-blown gas tracheae 6 and back protection gas tracheae 5 after second.
Below application example of the present invention:
Adopt Laser Welding welding method of the present invention; 7055 reaction-injection moulding Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloys to 4mm carry out Laser Welding; In laser power is that 7-8KW, speed of welding are that 3～4m/min, side-blown throughput are that 28L/min, the back of the body can obtain good welding point when protecting throughput for 15L/min, and joint tensile strength reaches mother metal more than 70%.
Except that the foregoing description; Patent of the present invention can also have other embodiments; As adopt different laser type, laser power and speed of welding etc., all employings to be equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain that patent of the present invention requires.
Claims (5)
1. welding method that is used for reaction-injection moulding Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy Laser Welding is characterized in that concrete steps are following:
(1) Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy test plate (panel) I (1) to be welded and Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy test plate (panel) II (2) butt joint are placed on the backing plate (4) of welding panel (3), the direction of said abutment joint is identical with the direction of the groove (8) that backing plate (4) upper surface is provided with;
(2) protect gas tracheae (5) to receive in the air flue (10) at the back, and adjustment setting throughput is 13～15L/min;
(3) will the blow side airflow direction of gas tracheae (6) is adjusted on the contrary with welding direction, and throughput is 25～28L/min;
(4) welding condition is set in adjustment: laser power is 6～8KW;
(5) open back protection gas tracheae (5) and side-blown gas tracheae (6); After the gas tracheae (6) of waiting to blow side was blown 2 to 3 seconds; Open laser; Speed of welding with 3-5m/min begins welding from the A point to the B point, closes laser earlier behind the arrival B point, and 3-5 closes side-blown gas tracheae (6) and back protection gas tracheae (5) after second.
2. the welding method that is used for reaction-injection moulding Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy Laser Welding according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The bottom of the groove (8) that described backing plate (4) upper surface is provided with also has an air flue (10) identical with groove (8) direction, also is provided with the vertical pore that communicates of some and said air flue (10) in the said groove (8).
3. the welding method that is used for reaction-injection moulding Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy Laser Welding according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described back protection gas is pure argon, and its purity is 99.99%.
4. the welding method that is used for reaction-injection moulding Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy Laser Welding according to claim 1 is characterized in that described side-blown gas is pure helium, and its purity is 99.99%.
5. the welding method that is used for reaction-injection moulding Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminium alloy Laser Welding according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the material of described backing plate (4) is a red copper.
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| CN2012100513427A CN102581491A (en) | 2012-03-01 | 2012-03-01 | Laser welding method for injection molding of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy |
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| CN103273202A (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2013-09-04 | 常熟理工学院 | Clamp structure for welding of magnesium alloy sheet |
| CN103506770A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2014-01-15 | 武汉光谷机电科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy sheet laser welding auxiliary weld-joint forming material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103801842A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-05-21 | 河南科技大学 | Jig special for laser welding |
| CN104028870A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-09-10 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | High-frequency induction solderingmethod for antennaon composite dielectric substrate |
| CN104043904A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-09-17 | 江苏大学 | Back side-blown gas-assisted laser cutting method and device |
| CN104289807A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-01-21 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 | Welding backing strip and welding method |
| CN104668777A (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2015-06-03 | 无锡汉神电气有限公司 | Laser welding device capable of preventing welding seam from sinking |
| CN106312257A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2017-01-11 | 高准有限公司 | Keeping device used for welding |
| CN106425020A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-02-22 | 山东省科学院新材料研究所 | Welding base plate and application of welding base plate to magnesium/aluminum dissimilar metal welding |
| CN106735828A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2017-05-31 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 | A kind of horizontal rifle electro-beam welding method of large-scale spherical shell side seam |
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| CN107717225A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-02-23 | 广东正业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of battery pole ear welding system |
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| CN110216378A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-09-10 | 华中科技大学无锡研究院 | A kind of laser welding process of Aluminum Alloy Plate material |
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| CN110977120A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-10 | 安徽应流铸业有限公司 | Tool design method for preventing argon arc welding from causing oxidation of back surface of test plate |
| CN111843250A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-10-30 | 齐齐哈尔金车工业有限责任公司 | Back protection device for alloy laser forming connection and manufacturing process method |
| CN112975122A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-18 | 南昌航空大学 | Welding gas protection device, laser wire filling welding system and welding method |
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