CN113001127B - A skin processing method and device with an active cooling channel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for processing a skin with an active cooling channel, belongs to the field of precision sheet metal processing, and is used for solving the problem that the skin with the active cooling channel in the prior art is low in overall performance, and the processing method comprises the following steps: determining the unfolding size of the skin and the position information of the cooling channel on the skin according to the required skin process parameters; determining a machined part according to the unfolding size of the skin; according to the skin technological parameters and the position information, the machined part is manufactured into a semi-finished product containing a cooling channel through a mechanical processing and hot press molding method; and milling the semi-finished product to obtain the skin with the cooling channel. The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention can improve the overall performance of the skin with the active cooling channel.

Description

A skin processing method and device with an active cooling channel

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of precision sheet metal processing, and relates to a skin processing method and device with an active cooling channel.

Background technique

In the field of aerospace, in order to improve the heat dissipation performance of the engine, ultra-high-speed friction and other parts, high requirements are put forward for the skin with active cooling channels. Among them, lightweight, integrated, and high-precision have become the development direction of active cooling skin forming.

Common manufacturing methods for skins with active cooling channels include casting forming, welding forming and additive manufacturing forming.

Casting is limited by the types of materials, and the comprehensive mechanical properties are generally inferior to wrought alloys, which does not meet the lightweight design of the skin with active cooling channels; the strength of the weld is generally lower than that of the base metal by welding the skin with active cooling channels , and welding defects are prone to exist in the weld seam, which will destroy the uniformity and integrity of the skin. Although additive manufacturing can meet the design requirements of integrity and lightweight, the forming efficiency is low, the processing cost is high, and it is easy to cause stress concentration and skin deformation.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a skin processing method with active cooling channels to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

The purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a skin processing method with a cooling channel, including:

Determining the expanded size of the skin and the position information of the cooling channel on the skin according to the required skin process parameters;

Determine the workpiece according to the expanded size of the skin;

According to the skin process parameters and the position information, the processed part is made into a semi-finished product containing a cooling channel by mechanical processing and hot pressing;

The semi-finished product is milled to obtain a skin with cooling channels.

Further, according to the skin process parameters and the position information, the processed part is made into a semi-finished product containing cooling channels by mechanical processing and hot pressing, including:

According to the position information, a cooling channel is made on the workpiece by machining;

According to the process parameters of the skin, the processed part with the cooling channel is made into the semi-finished product by hot pressing.

Further, the material of the workpiece includes aluminum alloy, titanium alloy or high temperature alloy.

Further, the material of the workpiece is aluminum alloy, the temperature of the hot press forming is 300-350° C., and the moving speed of the upper die and the lower die is 1-10 mm/s.

Further, the material of the workpiece is titanium alloy, the temperature of the hot press forming is 600-750° C., and the moving speed of the upper die and the lower die is 1-10 mm/s.

Further, the material of the workpiece is a superalloy, the temperature of the hot press forming is 800-900° C., and the moving speed of the upper die and the lower die is 1-10 mm/s.

Further, the shape of the cooling channel includes: a round hole, an oblong hole, a straight hole or a non-straight hole.

Further, before determining the workpiece according to the expanded size of the skin, the method further includes:

It is determined whether the cooling channel is perpendicular to the end surface of the skin according to the externally input skin process parameters.

Further, the method also includes:

According to the preset reserved amount of inner diameter of the channel, the cooling channel is made on the workpiece by machining.

In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a skin processing device with a cooling channel, including: machining equipment, hot press forming equipment, milling processing equipment and a server;

The server is used to determine the expanded size of the skin and the position information of the cooling channel on the skin according to the externally input skin process parameters; determine the workpiece according to the expanded size of the skin;

The machining equipment and the thermoforming equipment process the workpiece into a semi-finished product;

The milling device processes the semi-finished product into a skin with cooling channels.

The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention:

1. The present invention adopts the method of machining + hot pressing + milling, and the parts are formed under the condition of uniform thickness plate, which avoids the difficulties brought by the complex structure to the forming. Through the subsequent milling process, it can be processed according to actual needs Any shape improves the applicability of processing methods.

2. In the manufacturing process of additive manufacturing, local repeated rapid heating and cooling will cause large thermal stress in the parts, resulting in deformation of the parts, and the accuracy of the shape is difficult to control. The invention adopts heating and forming to process the skin, which is evenly heated, and under the condition of slow cooling, the stress is very small, the shape surface is guaranteed by the mold, and the forming precision of the parts is high.

3. For the skin with active cooling channels formed by welding, the strength of the weld position will be lower than that of the base metal, and welding defects are prone to exist, which will affect the overall performance of the skin; when the skin and channels are thin, the heat input of welding will cause Skin deformation, stress concentration and other issues. However, in the present invention, through machining, a cooling channel is firstly provided on the workpiece, and then heat-processed and formed, so that the obtained skin has good integrity performance, and at the same time, problems such as skin deformation and stress concentration can be avoided.

4. Based on the method of machining + hot pressing + milling, the present invention breaks through the material limitations in the prior art, and can use both forged alloys and cast alloys to make skins, increasing product diversity and applicability.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

Description of drawings

The drawings are for the purpose of illustrating specific embodiments only and are not to be considered as limitations of the invention, and like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a skin with an active cooling channel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a plate after drilling provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of hot press forming of the plate after drilling provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drilled flat plate provided by the embodiment of the present invention after thermocompression forming.

Detailed ways

In the field of aerospace, the engine is in a high-temperature environment when it is working. For example, the gas temperature in the combustion chamber of a rocket engine is as high as 3000-4700K, and the gas pressure is usually several MPa (tens of atmospheric pressure), and the highest can reach 20 MPa (about 200 atmospheric pressure). . The entire wall of the thrust chamber is strongly heated, and the most serious part is near the throat of the nozzle, where the heat flux can be as high as 10^4-10^5kW/㎡. The flame temperature in the combustion chamber of the turbojet engine can reach 2300K, and the gas temperature at the turbine inlet can reach 1600K. Therefore, ensuring the normal operation of the engine depends on cooling technology. In addition, when the flight speed of the aircraft is between Mach 4 and Mach 10, the aircraft will rub against the air violently, which will cause the surface temperature of the aircraft to rise, and the surface temperature can reach 785-3770K. Therefore, cooling techniques are also required in this scenario.

In the prior art, the skin with active cooling channels is selected to cool the engine and the parts that generate severe air friction. In such a harsh environment, in addition to requiring materials to have high heat resistance, there are also high requirements for the mechanical properties of materials.

Specifically, from the material point of view, the skin usually needs to be able to be processed into various shapes to match the shape of the engine, which requires the material of the skin to have high toughness and strength. The material properties of cast alloys are far inferior to those of wrought materials, but cast alloys are easier to process than wrought alloys. Therefore, when casting alloys are used to prepare skins, since the toughness and strength cannot meet the shape of the skins, it is necessary to locally increase the amount of materials to enhance their toughness or strength, resulting in the inability to achieve lightweight skins.

From the point of view of the manufacturing process, when using the additive process to manufacture the skin, it is necessary to repeatedly heat and cool the local area of the skin rapidly, which will cause a large local thermal stress on the skin, affect the overall stress distribution of the skin, and ultimately reduce the overall mechanical properties. At the same time, the above-mentioned process causes deformation of the skin, which makes it difficult to control the profile precision of the skin. In addition, the skin is usually several meters long. With the additive manufacturing mode, it takes a lot of time to complete the manufacture of a whole piece of skin, thus reducing production efficiency. Taking a piece of aluminum alloy skin with a length of 2 meters and a radius of 0.4 meters as an example, firstly, additive manufacturing equipment of appropriate size is required, secondly, a large amount of aluminum alloy powder is required, and finally, due to the need to melt layer by layer during the manufacturing process, the heat input is large , large-scale skin parts are easily deformed. With the method of thermoforming, the forming process only takes 1 hour, while the additive manufacturing process may take more than 10 days, or even more.

Although welding can produce the skin more quickly, after welding, the strength of the weld position will be lower than that of the base metal, and welding defects are prone to exist, which will affect the overall performance of the skin. In addition, when the skin and channels are thin, the heat input from welding can cause deformation of the skin, causing problems such as stress concentration in the skin.

In order to solve the defects of the above process, an embodiment of the present invention provides a skin processing method with a cooling channel, including the following steps:

Step 1. Determine the expanded size of the skin and the position information of the cooling channel on the skin according to the required skin process parameters.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the skin process parameters include: the shape of the outer surface, the dimension parameter of the outer surface, the length of the skin, the thickness of the skin, the inner diameter of the cooling channel, and the distribution of the cooling channels on the outer surface, wherein the dimension parameter of the outer surface It is related to the distribution of cooling channels on the outer surface and the shape of the outer surface. Taking the arc surface as an example, as shown in Figure 1, the dimension parameters of the outer surface include: arc length, arc radius and arc radian. The distribution of cooling channels on the profile surface is the angle between adjacent cooling channels. As shown in Figure 2, the expanded size of the skin refers to the size of the skin after the skin is extended into a flat plate, including: skin length, skin thickness, skin width, and the inner diameter of the cooling channel. The position information of the cooling channel on the skin refers to the distance between adjacent cooling channels of the skin in a flat state.

Step 2. Determine the workpiece according to the unfolded size of the skin.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the workpiece is generally a flat plate, and may also be other workpieces similar in shape to the skin. The material of the workpiece includes aluminum alloy, titanium alloy or superalloy to ensure the mechanical properties of the skin.

Step 3, machining a cooling channel on the workpiece by machining according to the skin process parameters and position information;

Step 4, using the method of thermocompression forming to make the workpiece processed with the cooling channel into a semi-finished product containing the cooling channel.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the cooling channel is manufactured on the workpiece by machining according to the position information. Then, according to the skin process parameters, the workpiece with cooling channels is made into a semi-finished product by hot pressing. It should be noted that there is no gap between the cooling channels in the semi-finished product, as shown in FIG. 3 . The shape of the cooling channel, including: round hole, oblong hole, straight hole or non-straight hole. In addition, during machining, it is also necessary to determine whether the cooling channel is perpendicular to the end surface of the skin according to the final direction and shape of the cooling channel on the skin.

For the hot press forming process, different process conditions are selected according to the material of the workpiece. Specifically, the material of the workpiece is aluminum alloy, and the temperature of hot press forming is 300-350°C, such as 310°C, 320°C, 330°C, 340°C ℃, the moving speed of the upper mold and the lower mold is 1-10mm/s, such as 2mm/s, 4mm/s, 6mm/s, 8mm/s. The material of the workpiece is titanium alloy, and the temperature of hot pressing is 600-750°C, such as 620°C, 640°C, 650°C, 680°C, 700°C, 720°C, 740°C, and the movement speed of the upper mold and the lower mold is 1 ~10mm/s, such as 2mm/s, 4mm/s, 6mm/s, 8mm/s. The material of the workpiece is high temperature alloy, the temperature of hot pressing is 800-900°C, such as 820°C, 840°C, 860°C, 880°C, and the movement speed of the upper mold and the lower mold is 1-10mm/s, such as 2mm/s , 4mm/s, 6mm/s, 8mm/s. Therefore, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention have better applicability in the field of aerospace. Since hot pressing will cause the hole diameter of the machining cooling channel to change, during machining, the cooling channel is processed according to the preset inner diameter of the channel. At this time, the inner diameter of the cooling channel is the reserved inner diameter. and the actual inside diameter of the cooling channel. The channel inner diameter reserve is determined by the actual inner diameter of the cooling channel. Usually, the ratio of the reserved inner diameter to the actual inner diameter of the cooling channel is 5% to 10%.

Step 5, milling the semi-finished product to form gaps between cooling channels, and obtain a skin with active cooling channels with gaps between adjacent cooling channels.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the skin as shown in FIG. 4 is obtained after milling, and there are gaps between the cooling channels at this time. Therefore, the purpose of milling is to set a groove structure on the surface of the semi-finished product between adjacent cooling channels to increase the heat dissipation area of the cooling channels.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a skin processing device with a cooling channel, including: machining equipment, hot press forming equipment, milling processing equipment and a server;

The server is used to determine the expanded size of the skin and the position information of the cooling channel on the skin according to the externally input skin process parameters; determine the workpiece according to the expanded size of the skin;

Machining equipment is used to process cooling channels on workpieces;

Hot press forming equipment is used to process workpieces with cooling channels into semi-finished products;

The milling machine processes the semi-finished product into a skin with cooling channels with gaps between adjacent cooling channels.

In order to illustrate the practicability of the above scheme, the present invention provides the following specific examples:

Example 1

冷却通道数量为5个，冷却通道孔的圆心均匀分布在弧形半径为290mm的圆弧上，相邻冷却通道之间的夹角为10°。Taking an aluminum alloy skin with active cooling channel as an example of the optimal solution, its shape and size are shown in Figure 1. The material of the part is 5A06 aluminum alloy, and the outer surface is arc-shaped. is 300mm, length is 500mm, thickness is 20mm, cooling channel diameter is

The number of cooling channels is 5, and the centers of the cooling channel holes are evenly distributed on a circular arc with a radius of 290mm, and the included angle between adjacent cooling channels is 10°.

Concrete preferred scheme is carried out according to the following processing steps:

Step 1, planar unfolding: according to the structure of the skin with active cooling channels, the outer surface of the skin is in the shape of an arc, and unfolding according to the radius of the arc R = 290mm, and the size of the unfolded material of the skin is 300mm wide and 500mm long , a plate with a thickness of 20 mm, and the corresponding positional relationship of the cooling channels on the plane is obtained at the same time. The distance between the centers of two adjacent cooling channels is 50.6 mm, as shown in Figure 2;

Step 2, according to the unfolded size calculated in step 1, leave a margin around for blanking;

Step 3, using machining, deep hole processing is carried out at the position corresponding to the section of the plate;

Step 4, the blank prepared in step 3 is placed between the upper mold and the lower mold of the hot-pressing mold, heated to 300-350°C with the furnace, and then the upper mold is slowly lowered to close the mold at a clamping speed of 1-10mm/s. Until the mold is completely closed, keep the pressure at 10 tons for 10 to 30 minutes, and take out the parts;

Step 5: Process the hot-formed parts according to the size of the skin, mill off the margins and excess parts around them, and form gaps between cooling channels, so as to obtain the final active cooling with gaps between adjacent cooling channels. The skinning of the channel.

Example 2

冷却通道数量为5个，冷却通道孔的圆心均匀分布在弧形半径为290mm的圆弧上，相邻冷却通道之间的夹角为10°。Taking a titanium alloy skin with an active cooling channel as an example of the optimal solution, its shape and size are shown in Figure 1. The material of the part is titanium alloy, and the outer surface is arc-shaped. The arc length of the arc surface is 314mm, and the maximum arc radius is 300mm, length is 500mm, thickness is 20mm, cooling channel diameter is

The number of cooling channels is 5, and the centers of the cooling channel holes are evenly distributed on a circular arc with a radius of 290mm, and the included angle between adjacent cooling channels is 10°.

Step 1, planar unfolding: according to the structure of the skin with active cooling channels, the outer surface of the skin is in the shape of an arc, and unfolding according to the radius of the arc R = 290mm, and the size of the unfolded material of the skin is 300mm wide and 500mm long , a plate with a thickness of 20 mm, and the corresponding positional relationship of the cooling channels on the plane is obtained at the same time. The distance between the centers of two adjacent cooling channels is 50.6 mm, as shown in Figure 2;

Step 2, according to the unfolded size calculated in step 1, leave a margin around for blanking;

Step 3, using machining, deep hole processing is carried out at the position corresponding to the section of the plate;

Step 4, the blank prepared in step 3 is placed between the upper mold and the lower mold of the hot-pressing mold, heated up to 600-750°C with the furnace, and then the upper mold is slowly lowered to close the mold at a clamping speed of 1-10mm/s. Until the mold is completely closed, keep the pressure at 10 tons for 10 to 30 minutes, and take out the parts;

Step 5: Process the hot-formed parts according to the size of the skin, mill off the margins and excess parts around them, and form gaps between cooling channels, so as to obtain the final active cooling with gaps between adjacent cooling channels. The skinning of the channel.

Example 3

冷却通道数量为5个，冷却通道孔的圆心均匀分布在弧形半径为290mm的圆弧上，相邻冷却通道之间的夹角为10°。Taking a superalloy skin with an active cooling channel as an example of the optimal solution, its shape and size are shown in Figure 1. The material of the part is a superalloy, and the outer surface is an arc-shaped surface. The arc length of the arc-shaped surface is 314 mm, and the maximum arc radius is 300mm, length is 500mm, thickness is 20mm, cooling channel diameter is

The number of cooling channels is 5, and the centers of the cooling channel holes are evenly distributed on a circular arc with a radius of 290mm, and the included angle between adjacent cooling channels is 10°.

Step 1, planar unfolding: according to the structure of the skin with active cooling channels, the outer surface of the skin is in the shape of an arc, and unfolding according to the radius of the arc R = 290mm, and the size of the unfolded material of the skin is 300mm wide and 500mm long , a plate with a thickness of 20 mm, and the corresponding positional relationship of the cooling channels on the plane is obtained at the same time. The distance between the centers of two adjacent cooling channels is 50.6 mm, as shown in Figure 2;

Step 2, according to the unfolded size calculated in step 1, leave a margin around for blanking;

Step 3, using machining, deep hole processing is carried out at the position corresponding to the section of the plate;

Step 4, the blank prepared in step 3 is placed between the upper mold and the lower mold of the hot-pressing mold, heated to 800-900°C with the furnace, and then the upper mold is slowly lowered to close the mold at a clamping speed of 1-10mm/s. Until the mold is completely closed, keep the pressure at 10 tons for 10 to 30 minutes, and take out the parts;

Step 5: Process the hot-formed parts according to the size of the skin, mill off the margins and excess parts around them, and form gaps between cooling channels, so as to obtain the final active cooling with gaps between adjacent cooling channels. The skinning of the channel.

Comparative example 1

Prepare the skin with active cooling channels identical to the process parameters of embodiment 1 by welding;

Step 1, according to the part structure, divide the skin and the cooling channel into two parts, and determine the process parameters of the skin and the process parameters of the cooling channel respectively.

Among them, the process parameters of the skin are: the arc length of the arc surface is 314mm, the maximum arc radius is 300mm, the length is 500mm, and the thickness is 20mm;

数量为5个，均匀分布在弧形半径为290mm的圆弧上，相邻冷却通道之间的夹角为10°。Process parameters of the cooling channel: the diameter of the cooling channel is

The number is 5, and they are evenly distributed on a circular arc with an arc radius of 290mm, and the included angle between adjacent cooling channels is 10°.

Step 2. According to the process parameters of the skin, the skin is formed by means of circle or thermoforming. After forming, the butt welding structure is set on the skin by machining; according to the process parameters of the cooling channel, it is manufactured by machining cooling channel.

Step 3, welding the two parts.

Step 4: Grinding the weld seam until it meets the surface quality requirements of the parts. If necessary, it is necessary to correct the shape of the part until it meets the use requirements of the part.

Comparative example 2

Prepare the skin with active cooling channels identical to the process parameters of Example 1 by additive manufacturing:

Step 1, preparing aluminum alloy powder meeting technical requirements;

冷却通道数量为5个，冷却通道孔的圆心均匀分布在弧形半径为290mm的圆弧上，相邻冷却通道之间的夹角为10°输入到增材制造设备中，并预设余量和设定打印路线。Step 2: The process parameters include: the arc length of the arc surface is 314mm, the maximum arc radius is 300mm, the length is 500mm, the thickness is 20mm, and the diameter of the cooling channel is

The number of cooling channels is 5, the centers of the cooling channel holes are evenly distributed on the arc with a radius of 290mm, and the angle between adjacent cooling channels is 10°. Input it into the additive manufacturing equipment and preset the margin and set the print route.

In step three, the surface of the printed part is removed and finished, and finally a skin with active cooling channels is obtained.

Among them, Example 1 uses 5A06 aluminum alloy as the processing material, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 both use aluminum alloy as the processing material, Example 2 uses titanium alloy as the processing material, and Example 3 uses superalloy as the processing material. Examples 1-3 all adopt the method of machining + hot pressing + milling to prepare skins with cooling channels, the processing method of comparative example 1 is welding, and the processing method of comparative example 2 is additive manufacturing.

In comparative example 1, welding will produce weld defects, the main manifestations of which are welding cracks, pores, undercuts, incomplete penetration, incomplete fusion, slag inclusions, welding tumors, collapse, pits, burn-through, inclusions, etc. The performance requirements of components in the aerospace field are relatively high, and the existence of welding defects makes the welding process unable to meet the performance requirements of the components in the aerospace field. In addition, for titanium alloys and superalloys, the melting point is usually higher than that of the dissimilar metal materials, so welding also leads to a lot of wasted energy.

Additive manufacturing needs to prepare the corresponding metal powder first, and the process of preparing metal powder is usually to melt the metal material first, and then spray the metal droplets by spraying, and the metal droplets become powder after cooling. However, the processing material in Comparative Example 2 is aluminum alloy. If the metal droplets are sprayed in the air, the aluminum in the metal droplets is easily oxidized, thereby affecting the performance of the formed product. If the metal droplets are sprayed in an oxygen-free environment, a closed environment is required, and the closed environment will inevitably reduce the cooling rate of the metal droplets, which will also affect the performance of the molded product. Compared with Comparative Example 2, the method of machining + hot pressing + milling provided by the embodiment of the present invention does not have problems in additive manufacturing, so it can ensure the mechanical properties of the skin with active cooling channels.

For titanium alloys and high-temperature alloys, their melting points are very high, so melting titanium alloys and high-temperature alloys into liquids requires more energy and resources than ordinary metal materials, and the heat resistance of additive manufacturing equipment is also critical. Make very high demands. Based on the above reasons, it is difficult for existing additive manufacturing equipment to use superalloys and titanium alloys as processing materials.

In addition, the mechanical properties of products obtained by incremental manufacturing are generally 10%-20% higher than those obtained by casting. However, the mechanical properties of the product obtained by the manufacturing method of the present invention are improved by more than 50% compared with the product obtained by casting. Taking aluminum 5A06 as an example, the tensile strength of the skin manufactured according to the technical solution provided by the present invention is 315 MPa; the tensile strength of the skin manufactured according to the forging method is 200 MPa.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of changes or modifications within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A method for processing a skin with a cooling channel is characterized by comprising the following steps:

determining the unfolding size of the skin and the position information of the cooling channel on the skin according to the required skin process parameters; the skin process parameters comprise: the shape of the outer surface, the size parameter of the outer surface, the length of the skin, the thickness of the skin, the inner diameter of the cooling channel and the distribution condition of the cooling channel on the outer surface; the skin unfolding size refers to the size of the skin after the skin is extended into a flat plate, and comprises the following steps: skin length, skin thickness, skin width, and cooling channel inner diameter; the position information of the cooling channels on the skin refers to the distance between the skin in a flat plate state and adjacent cooling channels;

determining a machined part according to the unfolding size of the skin;

according to the skin technological parameters and the position information, the machined part is manufactured into a semi-finished product containing a cooling channel through a machining and hot press molding method, and the method comprises the following steps:

according to the position information, a cooling channel is manufactured on the machined part in a machining mode, and the cooling channel is manufactured according to the preset inner diameter reserve of the channel in machining;

according to the skin technological parameters, the machined part with the cooling channel is manufactured into the semi-finished product by a hot press molding method;

and milling the semi-finished product, arranging a groove structure on the surface of the semi-finished product between the adjacent cooling channels to form a gap between the cooling channels, and obtaining the skin with the active cooling channel, wherein the gap is arranged between the adjacent cooling channels.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the work piece comprises an aluminum alloy, a titanium alloy, or a superalloy.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the workpiece is made of aluminum alloy, the hot press forming temperature is 300-350 ℃, and the upper die and the lower die moving speed is 1-10mm/s.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the workpiece is made of titanium alloy, the hot press forming temperature is 600 to 750 ℃, and the upper die and the lower die moving speed is 1 to 10mm/s.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the workpiece is made of high-temperature alloy, the hot-press forming temperature is 800-900 ℃, and the upper die and the lower die move speed is 1-10 mm/s.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the shape of the cooling channel comprises: round holes, oblong holes, straight holes or non-straight holes.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to said determining a machined part based on the developed dimension of the skin, the method further comprises:

and determining whether the cooling channel is perpendicular to the end surface of the skin according to the externally input skin process parameters.

8. A skin processing apparatus with cooling channels for implementing the method of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: the system comprises machining equipment, hot-press forming equipment, milling equipment and a server;

the server is used for determining the unfolding size of the skin and the position information of the cooling channel on the skin according to skin process parameters input from the outside; determining a workpiece according to the unfolding size of the skin;

the machining equipment and the hot-press forming equipment process the workpiece into a semi-finished product;

and the semi-finished product is processed into a skin with a cooling channel, wherein a gap is formed between every two adjacent cooling channels by the milling equipment.

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