CN102577833B - Method for intercropping pepper with areca catechu - Google Patents
Method for intercropping pepper with areca catechu Download PDFInfo
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- CN102577833B CN102577833B CN 201210082209 CN201210082209A CN102577833B CN 102577833 B CN102577833 B CN 102577833B CN 201210082209 CN201210082209 CN 201210082209 CN 201210082209 A CN201210082209 A CN 201210082209A CN 102577833 B CN102577833 B CN 102577833B
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- 244000080767 Areca catechu Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 235000006226 Areca catechu Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 239000006002 Pepper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
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- 235000017804 Piper guineense Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, and discloses a method for intercropping pepper with areca catechu, which includes: pepper plant rows and areca catechu plant rows are alternately planted, the row spacing of each two pepper plant rows is 2.3-2.7m, and the pepper plant spacing of each pepper plant row is 1.8-2.2m; and one areca catechu plant row is at one-third position of the way along the row spacing of each two adjacent pepper plant rows, the row spacing of each two adjacent areca catechu plant rows is 2.3-2.7m, areca catechu trees in each two adjacent areca catechu plant rows are staggered, each areca catechu tree is positioned between the corresponding two adjacent pepper plants in one pepper plant row, and the areca catechu plant spacing of each areca catechu plant row is 3.6-4.4m. By the method, the areca catechu trees are planted in a staggered manner, the spacing between one areca catechu plant row and the corresponding pepper plant row is adjusted, the row spacing and the plant spacing of the two crops are optimized, productivity of the two crops is improved, and the pepper and areca catechu industries are promoted to sustainably develop.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the agricultural planting technique field, particularly a kind of pepper-betel nut intercropping plant method.
Background technology
Pepper is that Piperaceae Piper perennial evergreen is climbed up by holding on to liane, is the important spice crop in the world, and purposes is wide, the economic worth height.The seed of pepper contains compositions such as volatile oil, pipering, crude fat, crude protein, is the flavouring that people like.In addition, pepper can be used as peptic, antipyretic and tunica mucosa bronchiorum stimulant etc. on medical industry, treatment indigestion, cold phlegm, cough, enteritis, bronchitis, flu and rheumatism etc.; In food industry, be used as preservative and natural additive for foodstuff etc.
Belong to the betel nuts of tropical plants together with pepper, be not only typical view seeds, but also be important medicinal plant, be listed in first of the four Da Nan medicines, become one of important hotwork industry of Hainan Province's agricultural development.Betel nut is a woody plant, plants just can go into operation in about 7 years, and period of immaturity is long, land utilization rate is low; Planting density is all less, the nonoculture severe water and soil erosion, and soil fertility reduces, and ecotope easily is damaged; And the nonoculture betel nut easily grows weeds, and damage by disease and insect is comparatively serious, the management cost height.
And, not only can solve problems such as the betel nut long land utilization rate that causes period of immaturity is low with pepper and betel nut intercropping plant, and reach with the short length of supporting, also be to improve production capacity, promote the effective measures of pepper and betel nut industry comprehensively.In recent years, the development of the cropping pattern of pepper intercropping betel nut is rapid, particularly China Hainan Province, this interplanting mode has only fragmentary distribution before 2008, surpass 50,000 mu at present, account for the over half of Hainan Province's pepper composite plant gross area, become the main pepper interplanting mode in Hainan Province.Yet, lacking the correlation technique guidance owing to produce to go up, more existing cropping patterns can not perform to the production capacity of pepper and betel nut to greatest extent, do not reach best economic benefit.
Therefore, provide a kind of pepper novel, that meet the plant growing rule-betel nut intercropping plant method, can enhance productivity with land utilization rate, realize High-efficient Production promoting pepper and the sustainable development of betel nut industry.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of pepper-betel nut intercropping plant method,, improve the production capacity of two kinds of crops, thereby increase economic efficiency by this kind method for planting reasonably layout pepper and betel nut.
In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of pepper-betel nut intercropping plant method, pepper plantation row and the alternately plantation of betel nut plantation row, the line space of adjacent two peppers plantation row is 2.3-2.7m, the spacing in the rows of pepper is 1.8-2.2m in each pepper plantation row;
Betel nut plantation row is positioned at 1/3 place of the line space of adjacent two peppers plantation row, the line space of adjacent two betel nuts plantation row is 2.3-2.7m, betel nut in each betel nut plantation row and the staggered plantation of betel nut in the adjacent betel nut plantation row, all in each pepper plantation row between the adjacent two strain peppers, the spacing in the rows of betel nut is 3.6-4.4m to every strain betel nut in each betel nut plantation row.
The intercropping of list/dicotyledonous crops is scientific and reasonable cropping pattern, and pepper and betel nut are respectively dicotyledon and monocotyledon, intercropping plant meets this kind collocating principle, consider from crop ecological adaptability, two kinds of crops are planted on same plot, in aspect complementations such as illumination, temperature, moisture, soil, fertility, as long as reasonably distribute, row is than configuration, give full play between two kinds of kinds between the crop reciprocal, just can make two kinds of crops obtain high yield simultaneously, improve the production capacity of two kinds of crops.Production capacity of the present invention is meant the per mu yield ability of crop.
Pepper is the shallow root system crop, and suitably concealment can reduce pepper field temperature at high temperature season, reduces root system and is injured; Simultaneously, concealment can reduce high temperature season blade, branch etc. burns, and helps setting the body recovery after the fruit picking, increases flower amount and output.But shade rate is crossed conference and is caused the pepper surplus of nourishing and growing, excessive growth and flower amount and output decline.
The betelnut tree bar is thinner, and space occupancy is less, the less and easy control of blade quantity, and the appropriateness plantation can be the pepper growth certain concealment is provided; And betel nut root system spatial distribution is wider, can absorb the fertilizer of pepper seepage, reduces the loss of fertilizer, helps output and improves.
But existing cropping pattern (seeing Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) is when the intercropping betel nut or excessively cover pepper, or inadequate to the pepper concealment, makes that the pepper production capacity is lower, also is unfavorable for betel nut absorbing fertilizer simultaneously.And the present invention is directed to this problem, betel nut plantation row is planted in 1/3 place of the line space of adjacent two peppers plantation row, betel nut in each betel nut plantation row and the staggered plantation of betel nut in the adjacent betel nut plantation row, and make every strain betel nut all in each pepper plantation row between the adjacent two strain peppers, preferred every strain betel nut all is arranged on the axis of the adjacent two strain peppers of each pepper plantation row, make the concealment appropriateness of betel nut to pepper, and optimize line space, spacing in the rows of two kinds of crops etc., take into account the habit of growth of two kinds of crops, improve the production capacity of two kinds of crops.
Under of the present invention kind of method for planting, pepper obtains appropriateness and covers, and betel nut can fully absorb the fertilizer of the seepage of pepper, can obtain maximum production capacity under certain planting number, the little problem of results of having avoided having high input in the existing cropping pattern.
Wherein, as preferably, the line space of described adjacent two peppers plantation row is 2.5m, and the spacing in the rows of pepper is 2m in described each pepper plantation row, and the line space of described adjacent two betel nuts plantation row is 2.5m, and the spacing in the rows of betel nut is 4m in described each betel nut plantation row.
In addition, in of the present invention kind of method for planting, preferred pepper and betel nut were planted simultaneously in the 3-5 month or the 8-10 month, and pepper is selected Indonesia's large leaf kind for use, and betel nut selects for use heat to grind kind No. 1.
The crop plantation of arranging in pairs or groups on same plot can make full use of conditions such as soil, weather, reaches the purpose of volume increase, efficient plantation.On agricultural expends; carry out reasonably combined and plantation according to the principle that counteracts each other between species; can also effectively reduce the probability of a side or both sides' damage by disease and insect outbreak; not only reduce the use of chemical pesticide; reduce expending of agricultural product; promote agricultural product volume increase, upgrading, increase income, can also preserve the ecological environment simultaneously.The field experiment result of pepper of the present invention-betel nut intercropping plant method and existing intercropping method shows, adopt pepper, the betel nut of of the present invention kind of method for planting can improve production capacity simultaneously, and every mu of plantation total quantity all is less than existing pepper-betel nut intercropping method, reaches beyond thought effect.In addition, weigh as standard with soil equivalent proportion (evaluation index of intercropping advantage), the soil equivalent proportion of of the present invention kind of method for planting is higher than existing pepper-betel nut intercropping method.
By above technical scheme as can be known, of the present invention kind of method for planting interlocks each betel nut and plants, and the plantation of adjustment betel nut is gone and pepper is planted the spacing of going, and optimizes two kinds of crops line space, spacing in the rows separately, improve the production capacity of two kinds of crops, promoted pepper and the sustainable development of betel nut industry.
Description of drawings
Figure 1 shows that existing pepper-betel nut intercropping plant method 1 ideograph;
Wherein, ● the expression pepper, zero expression betel nut, A are represented the line space that adjacent two peppers plantation is gone, and B represents the spacing that betel nut plantation row and pepper plantation are gone, and C represents the spacing in the rows of pepper, and D represents the line space of adjacent two betel nuts plantation row, and E represents the spacing in the rows of betel nut;
Figure 2 shows that existing pepper-betel nut intercropping plant method 2 ideographs;
Wherein, ● the expression pepper, zero expression betel nut, A are represented the line space that adjacent two peppers plantation is gone, and B represents the spacing that betel nut plantation row and pepper plantation are gone, and C represents the spacing in the rows of pepper, and D represents the line space of adjacent two betel nuts plantation row, and E represents the spacing in the rows of betel nut;
Figure 3 shows that pepper of the present invention-betel nut intercropping plant method ideograph;
Wherein, ● the expression pepper, zero expression betel nut, A are represented the line space that adjacent two peppers plantation is gone, and B represents the spacing that betel nut plantation row and pepper plantation are gone, and C represents the spacing in the rows of pepper, and D represents the line space of adjacent two betel nuts plantation row, and E represents the spacing in the rows of betel nut.
Embodiment
The invention discloses a kind of pepper-betel nut intercropping plant method, those skilled in the art can use for reference this paper content, suitably improve technological parameter and realize.Special needs to be pointed out is that all similarly replace and change apparent to those skilled in the art, they all are regarded as being included in the present invention.Method of the present invention is described by preferred embodiment, and the related personnel obviously can change or suitably change and combination methods and applications as herein described in not breaking away from content of the present invention, spirit and scope, realizes and use the technology of the present invention.
In adopting plantation procedure of the present invention, can plant pepper, betel nut according to plantation management method well known in the art.
As preferably, pepper and betel nut are all in the 3-5 month or 8-10 field planting simultaneously.The fertilizer operating position can be with reference to following standard:
Children's pepper fertilising in age: 1 age and 2 age pepper, annual every strain is in the 3-5 month or execute the about 20kg of fertilizer (sheep excrement, sesame-send cake and superphosphate stack retting) that becomes thoroughly decomposed the 8-10 month respectively; 3 age pepper respectively execute liquid manure 1 time in August, October, January next year and May respectively, every strain pepper is executed the liquid manure that the 1kg sesame-send cake is macerated system at every turn.Children's betel nut in age can absorb pepper seepage fertilizer, can not apply fertilizer.
Pepper fertilising as a result: in August, every strain pepper is executed the 1kg sesame-send cake and macerates the liquid manure of system, urea 0.13kg, superphosphate 0.13kg, potassium chloride 0.6kg, composite fertilizer 0.15kg; In October, every strain pepper is executed the 1kg sesame-send cake and macerates the liquid manure of system, urea 0.13kg, superphosphate 0.13kg, potassium chloride 0.6kg, composite fertilizer 0.15kg; In January 12～next year, every strain pepper is executed the 1kg sesame-send cake and macerates the liquid manure of system, urea 0.13kg, superphosphate 0.13kg, potassium chloride 0.6kg; In 5～June, every strain pepper is executed the 1kg sesame-send cake and macerates the liquid manure of system, urea 0.13kg, superphosphate 0.13kg, potassium chloride 0.6kg.0.5kg composite fertilizer is executed in the annual every strain of betel nut as a result respectively in February and May.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further set forth the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Experimental scheme: on two blocks of identical soils of cultivated area, adopt pepper of the present invention-betel nut intercropping plant method (see figure 3) and existing pepper-betel nut intercropping plant method 1 (see figure 1) plantation pepper (Indonesia's large leaf) and betel nut (heat is ground No. 1) respectively, contrast the per mu yield of two all method for planting, each plants the method for planting triplicate, averages.
Of the present invention kind of method for planting: pepper plantation row and the alternately plantation of betel nut plantation row, the line space of adjacent two peppers plantation row is 2.5m, the spacing in the rows of pepper is 2m in each pepper plantation row; Betel nut plantation row is positioned at 1/3 place of the line space of adjacent two peppers plantation row, the line space of adjacent two betel nuts plantation row is 2.5m, betel nut in each betel nut plantation row and the staggered plantation of betel nut in the adjacent betel nut plantation row, every strain betel nut all is arranged on the axis of the adjacent two strain peppers of each pepper plantation row, and the spacing in the rows of betel nut is 4m in each betel nut plantation row.
Existing kind of method for planting 1: pepper plantation row and the alternately plantation of betel nut plantation row, the line space of adjacent two peppers plantation row is 2.2m, the spacing in the rows of pepper is 2m in each pepper plantation row; Betel nut plantation row is positioned at 1/2 place of the line space of adjacent two peppers plantation row, the line space of adjacent two betel nuts plantation row is 2.2m, betel nut in each betel nut plantation row and the staggered plantation of betel nut in the adjacent betel nut plantation row, every strain betel nut all is arranged on the axis of the adjacent two strain peppers of each pepper plantation row, and the spacing in the rows of betel nut is 2m in each betel nut plantation row.
Concrete result of the test sees Table 1.
The production ratio of table 1 enforcement pepper-betel nut intercropping plant method
By above-mentioned result of the test as can be known, adopt intercropping plant method of the present invention, every mu kind plant number average is less than existing intercropping plant method, but in per mu yield, be higher than existing intercropping plant method, the soil equivalent proportion also is higher than existing intercropping plant method, show that pepper of the present invention-betel nut intercropping plant method can improve the production capacity of two kinds of crops, thereby improve its economic benefit.
Embodiment 2
Experimental scheme: on two blocks of identical soils of cultivated area, adopt pepper of the present invention-betel nut intercropping plant method (see figure 3) and existing pepper-betel nut intercropping plant method 2 (see figure 2)s plantation pepper (Indonesia's large leaf) and betel nut (heat is ground No. 1) respectively, contrast the per mu yield of two all method for planting, each plants the method for planting triplicate, averages.
Of the present invention kind of method for planting: pepper plantation row and the alternately plantation of betel nut plantation row, the line space of adjacent two peppers plantation row is 2.5m, the spacing in the rows of pepper is 2m in each pepper plantation row; Betel nut plantation row is positioned at 1/3 place of the line space of adjacent two peppers plantation row, the line space of adjacent two betel nuts plantation row is 2.5m, betel nut in each betel nut plantation row and the staggered plantation of betel nut in the adjacent betel nut plantation row, every strain betel nut all is arranged on the axis of the adjacent two strain peppers of each pepper plantation row, and the spacing in the rows of betel nut is 4m in each betel nut plantation row.
Existing kind of method for planting 1: hand over every a betel nut plantation of two pepper plantation row plantations row, the line space of adjacent two peppers plantation row is 2.2m, and the spacing in the rows of pepper is 2m in each pepper plantation row; Betel nut plantation row is positioned at 1/2 place of the line space of adjacent two peppers plantation row, the line space of adjacent two betel nuts plantation row is 4.4m, betel nut in each betel nut plantation row and the staggered plantation of betel nut in the adjacent betel nut plantation row, every strain betel nut all is arranged on the axis of the adjacent two strain peppers of each pepper plantation row, and the spacing in the rows of betel nut is 2m in each betel nut plantation row.
Concrete result of the test sees Table 2.
The production ratio of table 2 enforcement pepper-betel nut intercropping plant method
By above-mentioned result of the test as can be known, adopt intercropping plant method of the present invention, the kind plant number that pepper is every mu is less than existing intercropping plant method, but is higher than existing intercropping plant method in per mu yield; Though the kind plant number that betel nut is every mu is higher than existing intercropping plant method 5 strains, the raising in per mu yield but is nearly 50kg.In addition.The soil equivalent proportion also is higher than existing intercropping plant method, shows that pepper of the present invention-betel nut intercropping plant method can improve the production capacity of two kinds of crops, thereby improves its economic benefit.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. pepper-betel nut intercropping plant method is characterized in that, pepper plantation row and the alternately plantation of betel nut plantation row, and the line space of adjacent two peppers plantation row is 2.3-2.7m, the spacing in the rows of pepper is 1.8-2.2m in each pepper plantation row;
Betel nut plantation row is positioned at 1/3 place of the line space of adjacent two peppers plantation row, the line space of adjacent two betel nuts plantation row is 2.3-2.7m, betel nut in each betel nut plantation row and the staggered plantation of betel nut in the adjacent betel nut plantation row, every strain betel nut all is arranged on the axis of the adjacent two strain peppers of each pepper plantation row, and the spacing in the rows of betel nut is 3.6-4.4m in each betel nut plantation row.
2. according to described kind of method for planting of claim 1, it is characterized in that the line space of described adjacent two peppers plantation row is 2.5m.
3. according to described kind of method for planting of claim 1, it is characterized in that the spacing in the rows of pepper is 2m in described each pepper plantation row.
4. according to described kind of method for planting of claim 1, it is characterized in that the line space of described adjacent two betel nuts plantation row is 2.5m.
5. according to described kind of method for planting of claim 1, it is characterized in that the spacing in the rows of betel nut is 4m in described each betel nut plantation row.
6. according to described kind of method for planting of claim 1, it is characterized in that pepper is selected Indonesia's large leaf kind for use.
7. according to described kind of method for planting of claim 1, it is characterized in that betel nut selects for use heat to grind kind No. 1.
8. according to described kind of method for planting of claim 1, it is characterized in that pepper and betel nut were planted simultaneously in the 3-5 month or the 8-10 month.
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| CN104025889A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-09-10 | 太仓市惠其农机专业合作社 | Method for growing areca seedlings with nutrition bags |
| CN104620870A (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-05-20 | 王邦迎 | Method for improving grafting survival rate of pepper and piper ponesheense |
| CN105340550A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-02-24 | 中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所 | Areca-vanilla intercropping planting method |
| CN115250819A (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-11-01 | 中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所 | High-efficiency pepper planting mode |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1994070A (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2007-07-11 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | Artificial method for breeding piper hispidenervum C. DC. |
| CN101352125A (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2009-01-28 | 张恩祥 | Double-row sparse planting method for interplanting corn in cornfield |
| US7634869B1 (en) * | 2001-01-02 | 2009-12-22 | Williams Jr Marvin J | Combined intercropping and mulching method |
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2012
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7634869B1 (en) * | 2001-01-02 | 2009-12-22 | Williams Jr Marvin J | Combined intercropping and mulching method |
| CN1994070A (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2007-07-11 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | Artificial method for breeding piper hispidenervum C. DC. |
| CN101352125A (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2009-01-28 | 张恩祥 | Double-row sparse planting method for interplanting corn in cornfield |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| 佚名.胡椒栽培技术.《农村实用科技信息》.2006,(第11期),15-16. |
| 刘进平.胡椒生产中的支柱选用与间作栽培.《广西热带农业》.2004,(第1期),47-49. |
| 胡椒栽培技术;佚名;《农村实用科技信息》;20061130(第11期);15-16 * |
| 胡椒生产中的支柱选用与间作栽培;刘进平;《广西热带农业》;20040228(第1期);47-49 * |
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