CN102568840B - 一种染料敏化电池对电极的制备方法 - Google Patents
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- H10K85/113—Heteroaromatic compounds comprising sulfur or selene, e.g. polythiophene
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种染料敏化电池对电极的制备方法,该方法包括:在市售的聚(3,4-二氧乙基噻吩):聚(对苯乙烯磺酸)水溶液中加入分析纯有机溶剂、纳米ZnO颗粒,超声振荡,得到共混溶剂的PEDOT:PSS溶液;在导电基底上通过匀胶机均匀涂覆共混溶剂的PEDOT:PSS溶液,在共混溶剂氛围中放置后在真空干燥箱中干燥,在导电基底上形成一层自组装好的PEDOT:PSS和ZnO共混层,从而得到自组装好的染料敏化电池对电极。在PEDOT:PSS水溶液中加入不同溶剂和ZnO纳米颗粒,由于不同溶剂具有不同的沸点,在共混溶剂氛围中涂覆好的导电聚合物PEDOT:PSS和ZnO共混层可以进行有效的自组装,相比单纯的PEDOT:PSS层,导电率可以得到很大的改善,从而得到具有良好催化性能的染料敏化电池对电极,提高电池光电转化效率。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于太阳能电池技术领域,特别涉及一种染料敏化电池对电极的制备方法。
背景技术
PEDOT:PSS由PEDOT和PSS两种物质构成,PEDOT是EDOT(3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩单体)的聚合物,PSS是聚苯乙烯磺酸盐;是一种高分子聚合物的水溶液,导电率很高,根据不同的配方,可以得到导电率不同的水溶液。
PEDOT/PSS的导电率在材料刚刚开发成功的上世纪90年代前期仅为1S/cm左右,如今已有超过1000S/cm的品种问世,受到了密切关注,广泛应用于有机发光二极管OLED,有机太阳能电池,有机薄膜晶体管,超级电容器等。在OLED和太阳能电池领域,通过在PEDOT:PSS水溶液中添加不同组分可以有效改善器件的光电性能。本发明在PEDOT:PSS水溶液中加入不同溶剂和ZnO纳米颗粒,在共混溶剂氛围中使导电聚合物PEDOT:PSS和ZnO共混层进行自组装,提高染料敏化太阳能电池的对电极性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种染料敏化电池对电极的制备方法,通过加入不同溶剂和ZnO颗粒,改善PEDOT:PSS层导电率,提高染料敏化电池效率。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种染料敏化电池对电极的制备方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
在市售质量百分比浓度为1.3%的聚(3,4-二氧乙基噻吩):聚(对苯乙烯磺酸)水溶液(PEDOT:PSS)中加入分析纯有机溶剂、纳米ZnO颗粒,超声振荡2-5h,得到共混溶剂的PEDOT:PSS溶液;在导电基底上通过匀胶机均匀涂覆共混溶剂的PEDOT:PSS溶液,在温度为40-50℃的共混溶剂氛围中放置4-24h,后在真空干燥箱中80-100℃下干燥1-3h,在导电基底上形成一层厚度为15-30nm的自组装好的PEDOT:PSS和ZnO共混层,从而得到自组装好的染料敏化电池对电极。
所述分析纯有机溶剂为二硫化碳、丙三醇或二甲基甲酰胺中至少一种,溶剂加入量按照PEDOT:PSS水溶液体积比的5%-15%。
所述纳米ZnO颗粒粒径为5-20nm,ZnO颗粒的加入量为PEDOT:PSS水溶液质量比的0.05%-2%。
所述导电基底包括透明导电玻璃或柔性导电基底。
所述柔性导电基底为材料为聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(简称PEN)或者聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(简称PET)。
与现有技术相比,本发明提供的染料敏化电池的制备方法,在PEDOT:PSS水溶液中加入不同溶剂和ZnO纳米颗粒,由于不同溶剂具有不同的沸点,在共混溶剂氛围中涂覆好的导电聚合物PEDOT:PSS和ZnO共混层可以进行有效的自组装,相比单纯的PEDOT:PSS层,导电率可以得到很大的改善,从而得到具有良好催化性能的染料敏化电池对电极,提高电池光电转化效率。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的说明。
实施例1
一种染料敏化电池对电极的制备方法,该电池对电极的具体制备方法为:
在市售质量百分比浓度为1.3%的PEDOT:PSS水溶液中,加入体积为PEDOT:PSS水溶液体积的15%的分析纯二硫化碳溶剂;再加入粒径为5nm的ZnO纳米颗粒,加入质量为PEDOT:PSS水溶液质量比的0.05%;超声振荡2h,得到共混溶剂的PEDOT:PSS混合溶液;将清洗干净的柔性导电基底放置在匀胶机上,通过匀胶机均匀涂覆一层共混溶剂的PEDOT:PSS混合溶液,后将涂覆有PEDOT:PSS混合溶液的柔性导电基底,放置在水和二硫化碳共混溶剂的密闭容器中4h,其中水和二硫化碳的体积比为100∶15,涂覆有PEDOT:PSS混合溶液的柔性导电基底放置在共混溶剂的液面上方1cm处,共混溶剂温度控制在40℃,后取出涂覆有PEDOT:PSS混合溶液的柔性导电基底聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(简称PEN)或者聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(简称PET),在真空干燥箱中80℃下干燥1h,在柔性导电基底上形成一层厚度为15nm的自组装好的PEDOT:PSS和ZnO共混层,从而得到制作好的染料敏化电池对电极。
实施例2
一种染料敏化电池对电极的制备方法,该电池对电极的具体制备方法为:
在市售质量百分比浓度为1.3%的PEDOT:PSS水溶液中,加入体积为PEDOT:PSS水溶液体积的5%的分析纯二甲基甲酰胺溶剂,再加入粒径为20nm的ZnO纳米颗粒,ZnO纳米颗粒加入量为PEDOT:PSS水溶液质量比的2%,超声振荡5h,得到共混溶剂的PEDOT:PSS混合溶液;将清洗干净的透明导电玻璃放置在匀胶机上,通过匀胶机均匀涂覆一层共混溶剂的PEDOT:PSS混合溶液,后将涂覆有PEDOT:PSS混合溶液的透明导电玻璃,放置在水和二甲基甲酰胺共混溶剂的密闭容器中24h,其中水和二甲基甲酰胺的体积比为100∶5,涂覆有PEDOT:PSS混合溶液的透明导电玻璃放置在共混溶剂的液面上方1cm处,共混溶剂温度控制在50℃,后取出涂覆有PEDOT:PSS混合溶液的透明导电玻璃,在真空干燥箱中100℃下干燥3h,在透明导电玻璃上形成一层厚度为30nm的自组装好的PEDOT:PSS和ZnO共混层,从而得到制作好的染料敏化电池对电极。
实施例3
一种染料敏化电池对电极的制备方法,该电池对电极的具体制备方法为:
在市售质量百分比浓度为1.3%的PEDOT:PSS水溶液中,加入体积为PEDOT:PSS水溶液体积的10%的分析纯丙三醇溶剂,再加入粒径为10nm的ZnO纳米颗粒,加入质量为PEDOT:PSS水溶液质量的1%,超声振荡4h,得到共混溶剂的PEDOT:PSS混合溶液;将清洗干净的透明导电玻璃放置在匀胶机上,通过匀胶机均匀涂覆一层共混溶剂的PEDOT:PSS混合溶液,后将涂覆有PEDOT:PSS混合溶液的透明导电玻璃,放置在水和丙三醇共混溶剂的密闭容器中15h,其中水和丙三醇的体积比为100∶10,涂覆有PEDOT:PSS混合溶液的透明导电玻璃放置在共混溶剂的液面上方1cm处,共混溶剂温度控制在45℃,后取出涂覆有PEDOT:PSS混合溶液的透明导电玻璃,在真空干燥箱中85℃下干燥2h,在透明导电玻璃上形成一层厚度为25nm的自组装好的PEDOT:PSS和ZnO共混层,从而得到制作好的染料敏化电池对电极。
实施例4
一种染料敏化电池对电极的制备方法,该电池对电极的具体制备方法为:
在市售质量百分比浓度为1.3%的PEDOT:PSS水溶液中,加入体积为PEDOT:PSS水溶液体积的5%的分析纯二硫化碳溶剂,加入分析纯丙三醇溶剂,加入体积为PEDOT:PSS水溶液体积的10%,再加入粒径为5-10nm的ZnO纳米颗粒,加入质量为PEDOT:PSS水溶液质量的1%,超声振荡4h,得到共混溶剂的PEDOT:PSS混合溶液;将清洗干净的透明导电玻璃放置在匀胶机上,通过匀胶机均匀涂覆一层共混溶剂的PEDOT:PSS混合溶液,后将涂覆有PEDOT:PSS混合溶液的透明导电玻璃,放置在水、二硫化碳和丙三醇共混溶剂的密闭容器中20h,其中水、二硫化碳、丙三醇的体积比为100∶5∶10,涂覆有PEDOT:PSS混合溶液的透明导电玻璃放置在共混溶剂的液面上方1cm处,共混溶剂温度控制在45℃,后取出涂覆有PEDOT:PSS混合溶液的透明导电玻璃,在真空干燥箱中85℃下干燥2h,在透明导电玻璃上形成一层厚度为20nm的自组装好的PEDOT:PSS和ZnO共混层,从而得到制作好的染料敏化电池对电极。
Claims (1)
1.一种染料敏化电池对电极的制备方法,其特征在于:该方法包括以下步骤:
在市售质量百分比浓度为1.3%的聚(3,4‐二氧乙基噻吩):聚(对苯乙烯磺酸)水溶液(PEDOT:PSS)中加入分析纯有机溶剂、纳米ZnO颗粒,超声振荡2‐5h,得到共混溶剂的PEDOT:PSS溶液;在导电基底上通过匀胶机均匀涂覆共混溶剂的PEDOT:PSS溶液,在温度为40‐50℃的共混溶剂氛围中放置4‐24h,后在真空干燥箱中80‐100℃下干燥1‐3h,在导电基底上形成一层厚度为15‐30nm的自组装好的PEDOT:PSS和ZnO共混层,从而得到自组装好的染料敏化电池对电极;
所述分析纯有机溶剂为二硫化碳、丙三醇或二甲基甲酰胺中至少一种,溶剂加入量按照PEDOT:PSS水溶液体积比的5%‐15%;
所述纳米ZnO颗粒粒径为5‐20nm,ZnO颗粒的加入量为PEDOT:PSS水溶液质量比的0.05%‐2%。
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