CN102563913A

CN102563913A - Solar non-pressure water-storage heat collector and heat-collecting operation method

Info

Publication number: CN102563913A
Application number: CN2012100558841A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 秦三根
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-03-06
Filing date: 2012-03-06
Publication date: 2012-07-11

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar non-pressure water-storage heat collector and a heat-collecting operation method, which belong to the field of solar heat collection and are applied on various solar water heaters, solar water heating systems and solar heat collecting engineering. For the problems in the existing solar heat collectors, water heaters and water heating systems, the invention is characterized in that (1) the structure of the solar heat collector is changed to lead the heat collector to have a water-storage heat collecting function; and (2) the top-water circulating heat-collecting method of the existing solar heat collector is changed into a temperature-difference control circulating heat collecting method with first water discharging and second water supply, and no pressure acts on the heat collector in circulatory heat collection. The invention has the advantages that the water-storage heat collector is 1-12m in length, a single box is 2-24m<2> in heat collecting area, a header is 4-48m<2> in heat collecting area, and the single box and the header can be connected in series or in parallel; and the water-storage heat collector is equipped with a terminal system so as to form a flat-plate type, wall-balcony hanging type, planar grounding type, inclined-plane grounding type and vertical-column type single-box or header solar water heater, a hot-water system and a solar multipurpose room. Compared with the existing product, the product has multiplied advantages.

Description

Non-pressure bearing stored water heat collector of a kind of solar energy and thermal-arrest operation method

Technical field

The present invention is non-pressure bearing stored water heat collector of a kind of solar energy and the thermal-arrest operation method of using on field of solar heat all kinds solar water heater, solar water heating system and the solar energy heat collection engineering.

Background technology

Solar thermal collector is most important in solar water heater, hot-water heating system, the solar energy heat collection engineering, most critical part; Many serious problems that existing solar water heater and hot-water heating system exist are all caused by collector structure and thermal-arrest operation method; The heat collector design concept has determined collector structure, shape and thermal-arrest operation method; Collector structure and thermal-arrest operation method have determined to be used to make the material of heat collector, have determined scaling degree and incrustation scale to collecting efficiency persistence influence degree, have determined water heater and hot-water heating system heat-preserving anti-freezing evil method; Heat collector connection, maintenance, construction method have been determined; Determined single heat collector maximum length and collector area, power consumption and noise have determined solar water heater and hot-water heating system integrated cost and service life when having determined the collecting system operation.If on existing solar thermal collector basis; Improve innovation by the conventional design theory; Can't system solve a series of problems that exist in solar water heater and the hot-water heating system; Only comprehensive to collector structure and thermal-arrest operation method with the subversiveness design concept, thoroughly improvement just might comprehensively, systematically solve a series of problems of existing solar water heater, hot-water heating system existence, rise to new level to solar energy heating application technology and product.

At present; The heat collector that known solar water heater and hot-water heating system are used; Mainly contain two types; The one, Natural Circulation heat collection type domestic solar water heater, the 2nd, flat plate collector, plug-in type heat pipe vacuum tube collector and the direct current vacuum tube collector of pressure top water circulation thermal-arrest, the subject matter introduction of existence is following:

One, domestic solar water heater

The last heat collector kind of domestic solar water heater has full glass vacuum tube, heat-pipe vacuum-tube, heat pipe plate etc.; Its common structure characteristic is: attemperater and heat collector fuse; Attemperater is last, and heat collector is one side position in the water tank bottom, and the subject matter of existence is:

1. heat collector and attemperater are connected as a single entity; And in outdoor eminence, wind is big, hot water and the outside temperature difference are big in the water tank, thermal-arrest when sunlight is arranged; During no sunlight in the water tank hot water can pass through thermal-arrest tube sheet, interface and tank shell and dispel the heat; Because the no sunlight time, heat was prone to run off much larger than the sunlight time is arranged, the heat energy utilization rate is lower.On February 13rd, 2011, the quality problems that solar water heater is produced in the Haining of CCTV's " quality report weekly " exposure have reflected from a side that also the easy loss of domestic solar water heater's heat is relevant with integral structure, cause long-time insulation difficult.

2. the water-heater water tank wall is thin, perishable, easy scaling, and service life is shorter.

3. water tank is an enclosed type, can't clean, and influences service life and water quality.

4. resistance to frost is poor, and north of china in winter is difficult to use usually, and it is also freezing easily that utmost point cold weather is met in south.

5. water heater is high, big, heavy; Install on building that wind surface is big, big to building pressure, to install and fix difficulty big, and it is vivid influence building, thereby to multi-storey building; Though roof has very big collector area; But the weight roof structure of considering the water tank topped up with water is difficult to bear, and can't make full use of, and the forced circulation type water heater is except that self existing a lot of problems; Can't realize that the branch family independently uses, this is the problem that the reality that in multi-storey building is used, faces of domestic solar water heater and needing solves.

6. the domestic solar water heater receives that illumination is uncertain to be influenced with seasonal factor, and is low when high during water temperature, can't satisfy the normal instructions for use of user; For this reason, many solar water heaters increase electric heating function in water tank, and this is feasible for the individual layer building; But to multi-storey residential buildings; Far away because of distance users power supply water supply point, all should not adopt from installation, maintenance, the analysis of Electrical Safety equal angles, thereby be difficult to satisfy multi-storey building user instructions for use.

7. receive the integrated restriction of heat collector and attemperater, collector area is little, and water tank capacity is little, is difficult to satisfy user's instructions for use.

8. restricted in last architectural feature by water tank, can't low cost set up leaving water temperature control and heating function automatically, purposes is single, and utilization rate is low, and the actual usability price ratio of user is low, has restricted user's desire to purchase, has restricted and has further developed the space.

Also have a kind of plate domestic solar water heater who relies on anti-icing fluid forced circulation thermal-arrest, except that the outward appearance image was better, antifreeze, existing problems were many, and cost is very high, and collector area is very little, does not possess the condition that becomes main product, does not detail.

Two, flat-plate solar heat collector, plug-in type heat pipe vacuum tube collector, direct current vacuum tube collector

The solar thermal collector kind mainly contains three kinds of flat plate collectors, plug-in type heat pipe vacuum tube collector, direct current vacuum tube collector, adopts and forces top water cycle set by the use of thermal means, exists subject matter to be:

1. incrustation scale is big to the influence of heat collector collecting efficiency.Incrustation scale is between absorber plate and circulation heat absorption current, and the circulating heat-collecting tube inwall is prone to scaling, because the incrustation scale thermal conductivity is low, influences absorber plate and in water, conducts heat, and influences collecting efficiency; Usually adopt Si-P crystal class chemicals that water is handled, this method can only delay fouling, be difficult to tackle the problem at its root, and Si-P crystal class material is influential to water quality;

Heat pipe condensation end appearance and heat conduction inner room on the plug-in type heat pipe vacuum tube collector have thermal contact resistance, and the thermal conducting sleeve appearance in water tank is prone to fouling, and union pipe inside uneven, can't clean, influential to the thermal efficiency.

2. repair difficult.Every flat plate collector constitutes an integral body, is difficult to modular repair at the scene, has problem to want integral replacing usually, expense high (except the plug-in type heat pipe vacuum tube collector).

3. the hydraulic pressure of forcing top water cycle set by the use of thermal means that heat collector is born is big, the heat collector difficult sealing, and collecting system any one go wrong, all must shut down, discharge water and could keep in repair, the system that influences normally moves.

4. force the required circulation pump power of top water circulation thermal-arrest big, and need the thermal-arrest of operation ability continuously, power consumption is big, running noises is big.Because heat collector inner circulating tube footpath is little, no water storage heat storage capacity wants thermal-arrest that circulating pump is turned round continuously; Again because the heat collector caliber is little, pipeline is long, water resistance is big; Many group heat collector series connection back water resistance is bigger, and circulating pump needs very big pressure just can overcome resistance, reaches the purpose of top water circulation thermal-arrest.

Thermal-arrest circulation pipe in the heat collector, the union pipe wall is thin, caliber is little, the perishable tube wall of incrustation scale influences service life in the pipeline.

6. have low amounts of water all the time in the heat collector circulating heat-collecting tube, when meeting the strong and circulating pump stall of illumination, the circulating heat-collecting tube water temperature is high, and scaling very easily under the high temperature is very easily endured cold again when outdoor environment is low.

7. the light-passing board heat-insulating property is poor.When environment temperature was low, solar collecting performance was relatively poor, and environment temperature is low or when requiring leaving water temperature high, the thermal efficiency lower (except the plug-in type heat pipe vacuum tube collector).

8. it is very big influenced by production technology, material.

9. single heat collector collector area is little, has only 1～2 square metre usually, and large tracts of land collecting system use heat collector quantity is many, interface is many, the backwater pipe range, and failure factor is many.

10. heat collector is shorter service life.Regular product heat collector life expectancy is generally 15 years; General producer product did not reach 15 years; This is because heat collector receives material and structural constraint, receive that the circulating heat-collecting tube caliber is little, pipeline is long, tube wall is thin, inner uneven, be prone to scaling, perishable, can't clean, the thermal-arrest plate is connected as a single entity, and the series of factors influence such as can't to keep in repair big; Even available after the use several years, the thermal efficiency also reduces a lot.

11. integrated cost is high.This is because every group of heat collector area is little, and casing, transparent heat insulating layer and pipeline, interface are all around all arranged, and operation is many, and unit collector area cost is high, because failure factor is many, power consumption is bigger again, and service life is shorter, causes operating cost high.

The direct current vacuum tube collector belongs to a kind of last word; Consumption is few at present; Product has two types on coaxial type and U type; The coaxial type operation principle is: the medium in the dc bushing compiles heat energy, and through storing in the circulation line input system heat-storing device, continuously absorbing solar radiant energy is that hot-water heating system or heating system provide heat energy; U type operation principle is: heat energy reaches in the U type pipe through the metal tab of being close to inwall, and energy is through storing in the metal flow passage pipeline input system heat-storing device.

The direct current vacuum tube collector is on the basis of glass-vacuum tube, to insert the metal circulation pipe to constitute, and this improvement does not only solve the original problem of heat collector, and has caused more problems, and these problems mainly contain:

1. metal flow passage heat collector cost is expensive;

2. installation and transportation are complicated, and repair difficult has the problem can only integral replacing;

3. be prone in the metal flow passage stop up, freeze, so should not be used for immediate system;

4. heating is fast, and energy-flux density is big, and medium was prone to vaporization when circulation was obstructed;

5. the thermal-arrest circulating consumption is high;

6. single heat collector collector area is very little.

Based on above-mentioned defective, direct current vacuum tube collector integrated heat efficiency is lower than heat-pipe vacuum-tube heat collector, and likelihood of failure is bigger, is unable to undergo long-time test.In case go wrong, be difficult to maintenance, service life is shorter, and no market competition advantage does not possess the condition that becomes main product.

But flat plate collector is level or vertical installation with direct current vacuum tube collector sharpest edges, but the basic inclination angle that level, vertical installation and solar energy receive requires not to be inconsistent.In order to obtain sun greatest irradiation ability, hard-wired solar energy inclination angle requires to equal local latitude, and the landlocked latitude of China is minimum to be Guangzhou 23 degree; The highest is Harbin 45 degree; Solar thermal collector inclination angle, the whole nation is 23～45 degree, so level, vertically this advantage is because of requiring not to be inconsistent with the solar radiation angle, and unsuitable large tracts of land is used; Only if in order to pursue the convenience that visual effect and special occasions are installed, and reduce the collecting efficiency requirement.

Problem based on above-mentioned various solar thermal collectors existence; Cause existing solar energy heating product Theoretical Calculation benefit very high; But it is not obvious that the user experiences, and particularly adopts the hot-water heating system and the heat collecting engineering of flat-plate solar heat collector and direct insertion heat pipe vacuum tube collector, and the lasting thermal efficiency problem of solar energy is often covered by electric assistant heating and air source heat pump machine auxiliary heating system; What the user experienced often is not benefit and convenience; But the difference of investment and income, even the sense of losing more than gain is arranged, this is the major reason that causes the solar energy in large area collecting system all to be unrealized and to apply in a big way in decades.Up to the present, the product of each solar energy enterprise production is similar, but does not find system's solution to the problems described above, scheme, does not more see the product that new meaning is arranged.

The theoretical benefit of solar energy heating is conformed to actual benefit basically, must fundamentally solve all kinds of problems that run in the solar thermal collector long-time running, guarantee the lasting thermal efficiency of heat collector, high reliability, low running cost and long-life conscientiously.

Main purpose of the present invention:

1. keep the lasting thermal efficiency of heat collector not influenced by other factors to greatest extent;

2. the heat that reduces as far as possible in the heat accumulation process runs off, and improves practical efficiency;

3. collecting system structure and pipeline optimized, simplified significantly, system flexibility, versatility and reliability improved;

4. significantly reduce the energy consumption in the cycle set thermal process;

5. solve the antifreeze problem of solar water heater;

6. improve the convenience that product is installed, used, keeps in repair;

7. improve and the building blending, reduce facade and effect on structure;

8. increase substantially product service life;

9. enlarge solar energy heating product range of application;

10. reduce solar water heater, hot-water heating system integrated cost and later stage operating cost significantly;

11. for solar energy heating intelligent product, superior, multifunction create conditions;

Summary of the invention

To the problems referred to above that domestic type solar water heater, flat plate collector, plug-in type heat pipe vacuum tube collector, direct current vacuum tube collector and hot-water heating system exist, the overall plan that the present invention deals with problems is:

1. heat collector on the domestic type solar water heater is separated with water tank, comprise that all kinds solar water heater of domestic type solar water heater, hot-water heating system all be made up of water storage heat collector and terminal system two large divisions.

2. abandon existing all kinds of flat plate collectors, plug-in type heat pipe vacuum tube collector, direct current vacuum tube collector structure, production technology comprehensively, eliminate top water cycle set by the use of thermal means.

3. solar energy water storage heat collector, terminal system and the non-pressure-bearing temperature difference control cycle set by the use of thermal means with brand-new design replaces existing various types of solar water heaters and hot-water heating system.

The method that the present invention realizes is: all kinds solar water heater, hot-water heating system all are made up of the temperature difference control circulation thermal-arrest operation method of water storage heat collector, terminal system and the back moisturizing that discharges water earlier; On the water storage heat collector, be provided with heat-collecting box, adopt heat-pipe vacuum-tube to absorb solar energy, to water heating in the heat-collecting box; In terminal system, be provided with attemperater; Through electrically-controlled valve, water pipe, water pump heat-collecting box is communicated with attemperater, under the control of temperature difference thermal-arrest control system, through electrically-controlled valve and water pump; Realize that the interior water at low temperature circulation of interior high-temperature water of heat-collecting box and attemperater exchanges, transfer to the solar heat that absorbs in the heat-collecting box in the attemperater to store.

In order more clearly to describe the present invention, below according to accompanying drawing 1～Fig. 8, divide three parts to describe respectively water storage heat collector of the present invention, terminal system, thermal-arrest operation method earlier, introduce respectively according to Fig. 9～Figure 30 again.

Description of drawings

One, accompanying drawing title:

Fig. 1. heat pipe cork closed type list case water storage heat collector partial sectional view;

Fig. 2. heat pipe for thermal conductivity thimble tube list case water storage heat collector partial sectional view;

Fig. 3. two water pipe type terminal system parts connection layouts;

Fig. 4. single water pipe type terminal system parts connection layout;

Fig. 5. heat pipe cork closed type header water storage heat collector partial sectional view;

Fig. 6. heat pipe for thermal conductivity thimble tube header water storage heat collector partial sectional view;

Fig. 7. the two water pipe connection layouts of solar energy water storage heat collector and terminating machine;

Fig. 8. solar energy water storage heat collector and terminating machine list water pipe connection layout;

Fig. 9. temperature difference control cycle set pyrogen reason and signal flow calcspar;

Figure 10. the plate water storage heat collector of circle case, 1. heat collector front views, 2. heat collector side view among the figure;

Figure 11. the plate water storage heat collector of rectangular case, 1. heat collector front views, 2. heat collector side view among the figure;

Figure 12. rectangular case wall balcony mounts type water storage heat collector, 1. heat collector front views, 2. heat collector side view among the figure;

Figure 13. circle case wall balcony mounts type water storage heat collector, 1. heat collector front views, 2. heat collector side view among the figure;

Figure 14. plane grounding water storage heat collector, 1. heat collector front views, 2. heat collector side view, 3. collector bracket among the figure;

Figure 15. the single case water storage of inclined-plane grounding heat collector, 1. heat collector front views, 2. heat collector side view, 3. collector bracket among the figure;

Figure 16. inclined-plane grounding header water storage heat collector, 1. heat collector front views, 2. heat collector side view, 3. collector bracket among the figure;

Figure 17. upright post type list case water storage heat collector, 1. heat collector front views, 2. heat collector side view, 3. collector bracket among the figure;

Figure 18. upright post type header water storage heat collector, 1. heat collector front views, 2. heat collector side view, 3. collector bracket among the figure;

Figure 19. circle case plate type solar water heater;

Figure 20. rectangular case plate type solar water heater;

Figure 21. rectangular case wall balcony mounts the type solar water heater;

Figure 22. circle case wall balcony mounts the type solar water heater;

Figure 23. plane grounding solar water heater;

Figure 24. the single tank solar water heater of inclined-plane grounding;

Figure 25. inclined-plane grounding header solar water heater;

Figure 26. upright post type list tank solar water heater;

Figure 27. upright post type header solar water heater;

Figure 28. upright post type header solar energy multi-purpose room;

Figure 29. 1200 square metres of single case collecting system embodiment of solar energy;

Figure 30. 1200 square metres of header collecting systems of solar energy embodiment.

Two, accompanying drawing number:

Unified numbering is adopted at each parts, position among Fig. 1～Fig. 8, introduces as follows respectively:

Fig. 1, Fig. 2 water storage heat collector each several part numbering title is: 1. thermal-collecting tube, 2. sealing cork, 3. heat pipe, 4. heat-collecting box; 5. heat preservation protective layer, 6. end cap, 7. end cap, 8. water-temperature water-level sensor; 9. exhaustion spill pipe, 10. electrically-controlled valve, 11. waterpipe jointings, 12. waterpipe jointings; 13. automatically controlled interface, 14. heat collector interfaces, 15. thermal conducting sleeves.

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 difference are: Fig. 1 is heat pipe cork type, two water pipe outputs, and Fig. 2 is the thermal conducting sleeve insert type, single water pipe output.

Fig. 3, Fig. 4 terminal system each several part numbering title are: 16. terminal bodies, 17. attemperaters, 18. exhaustion spill pipes, 19. level sensors, 20. temperature sensors; 21. the high-temperature region, 22. permeable dividing plates, 23. low-temperature spaces, 24. control protection display systems; 25. circulator, 26. water pumps, 27. water supply valves, 28. automatically controlled interfaces; 29. power input interface, 30. waterpipe jointings, 31. waterpipe jointings, 32. running water input interfaces.

Heat collector is connected the water pipe numbering among Fig. 7, Fig. 8 with terminal system: 33. heat-collecting box water inlet pipes, 34. heat-collecting box outlet pipes, the shared water pipe of 35. heat-collecting box Inlet and outlet waters.

Three, water storage heat collector basic structure, purposes, manufacturing approach and characteristic:

Among Fig. 1, Fig. 2 on the water storage heat collector in the thermal-collecting tube (1) heat pipe (3) be connected with heat-collecting box (4) single or double through sealing cork (2) or thermal conducting sleeve (15); Water-temperature water-level sensor (8) and exhaustion spill pipe (9) are contained in heat-collecting box (4) appropriate location; Heat pipe (3) condensation end is arranged in heat-collecting box (4) and carries out heat exchange with case water, and the solar heat that absorbs thermal-collecting tube is stored in the heat-collecting box (4).

Heat preservation protective layer (5) is wrapped in outside the heat-collecting box (4), and end cap (6) and end cap (7) connect heat collector two end interfaces (14), and electrically-controlled valve (10) is connected between heat-collecting box (4) and the waterpipe jointing (11), and waterpipe jointing (12) is that heat-collecting box (4) is gone up the water interface.

Thermal-collecting tube on the water storage heat collector (1) adopts the solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe that has obtained country and international standard authentication, and the water storage heat collector thermal efficiency is by the thermal-collecting tube decision of being selected for use, and quality is guaranteed.Thermal-collecting tube (1) kind and range of choice comprise the existing and following various solar heat-pipe vacuum tubes of developing, full glass vacuum tube, non-gravity type thermal-collecting tube and heat pipe type thermal-arrest plate etc.

Sealing cork (2) is used for waterproof sealing between heat pipe and the heat-collecting box; Thermal conducting sleeve (15) is used for heat pipe condensation end and water tank water are isolated; The heat pipe condensation end can directly insert thermal conducting sleeve; With water heat convection in the heat-collecting box (4), sealing cork (2) is identical with thermal conducting sleeve (15) effect, and just implementation method is different;

The characteristic of water storage heat collector characteristics and heat-collecting box (4) is:

1. there are different shapes such as circle, circular arc, square, rectangle in heat-collecting box (4) cross section, and the sectional area shape can be selected according to different application occasion and installation requirement.

2. heat-collecting box (4) sectional area scope is 0.005 square metre～0.05 square metre; Be equivalent to 80～250 millimeters of round tube internal diameters; 5～50 liters of 1 meter length heat-collecting box (4) capable of storing water, the heat collector of various dissimilar, different application occasions can be selected the heat-collecting box internal diameter as required.

3. single heat collector length is arbitrary value in 1～12 meter scope, if select 2 meters long thermal-collecting tubes for use, the single case of collector area is 2～24 square metres, and header is 4～48 square metres; According to putting the non-pressure-bearing temperature difference control cycle set by the use of thermal means of afterwards mending earlier, the length of heat-collecting box length that is suitable for system's operation can reach more than hundred meters, can carry hundreds of square metres of collector areas; Consider production, convenient transportation property and section bar maximum length, the heat collector length of actual plant produced is 1～6 meter, and tailored version is 12 meters, is mainly used in extensive heat collecting engineering; Common all kinds of metal mold and heat resistant plastice pipe standards length are 6 meters, and glass reinforced plastic pipe length has 6 meters, 12 meters kinds, thereby 6 meters are easy to make with interior heat collector; 12 meters long heat collectors can or be welded by 26 meters long tubes butt joints; The production difficulty is little, can adopt long transport vehicle transportation, but the production of collector bracket modularization; The large tracts of land heat collecting engineering is as long as transport to assembled on site with heat-collecting box, support, thermal-collecting tube; Connecting terminal system can normally move, and simple and convenient quick, efficiency of construction is higher 2～6 times than existing product.

4. water storage heat collector two end interfaces (14) internal diameter equals heat-collecting box (4) internal diameter; Can pass through two end interfaces (14) series, parallel between the water storage heat collector; But collector area combination in any; Its heat-collecting box internal diameter is identical behind the water storage heat collector series, parallel, can connect into heat collector, duty and single identical large-scale heat collector of heat collector of hundreds of square metres of collector areas, and many large-scale heat collector parallel connections can be formed tens thousand of square metres of collector areas with interior solar thermal collection system.

5. the water storage heat collector Inlet and outlet water place that can coexist, no return pipe is further simplified solar thermal collection system, and application advantage is very obvious on various large, medium and small solar water heaters, hot-water heating system and heat collecting engineering.

6. the material of making heat-collecting box (4) has metal mold and non-metal type two big classes, can be special, also can adopt the standard sections manufacturing.The associated materials kind is many, and brief account is following:

A. metal mold mainly comprises special and standard circular, rectangle stainless steel tube, coating steel pipe, aluminum pipe, plastic-aluminum pipe etc., and this type material category is many, and pipe thickness and caliber range of choice are big; Structural strength is higher, and corrosion resistant is rotten, and it is lower to be prone to processing and cost; Sealing cork type is as long as have openning hole, install support, end cap, interface, measurement Control Component, heat-insulation layer on pipe; Connecting thermal-collecting tube (1) can become complete water storage heat collector, and the thermal conducting sleeve type will weld thermal conducting sleeve, many one procedure on heat-collecting box; And, thermal-collecting tube should be coated with heat-conducting silicone grease when being installed at the heat pipe condensation end; Influence the thermal efficiency otherwise contact thermal resistance between heat pipe and thermal conducting sleeve, in most of occasions, sealing cork type is more obvious than thermal conducting sleeve type advantage.

B. non-metal type comprises glass reinforced plastic pipe, high-temperature resistance plastice pipe.Glass reinforced plastic pipe has that structural strength is higher, light weight, fire-retardant, high-temperature resistant water, freeze proof, the characteristic that needs most of solar thermal collector such as low, the long service life of scaling, non-corrosive, thermal conductivity not, is to make one of ideal material of heat-collecting box (4) on the solar energy water receiver.

High-temperature resistance plastice pipe kind is a lot, and all structural strengths are higher, can all can do heat-collecting box (4) at indeformable various types of plastics pipe, rubber plastic pipe, the folder muscle plastic tube that does not influence service life of the 90 above water temperature long-term works of degree.

7. water-temperature water-level sensor (8) is housed on heat-collecting box, is used to measure heat-collecting box (4) water temperature and water level, implement control automatically, water-temperature water-level sensor can be contained in any appropriate location of heat-collecting box, also can be built in the heat-collecting box.

8. the exhaustion spill pipe (9) on the heat-collecting box (4) is used for heat-collecting box (4) exhaust and air inlet, make heat-collecting box (4) all the time with atmosphere, can eliminate the heat collector internal pressure, become non-pressure bearing stored water heat collector.

Heat preservation protective layer (5) is used for insulation, sun-proof and antiultraviolet irradiation, and insulation and ultraviolet screener method have multiple, adopts different insulation means of defences according to making heat-collecting box (4) material.Hot water is incubated task night in the heat-collecting box (4) because the water storage heat collector is not born, and heat-insulating property is required to reduce relatively, and the heat-collecting box of processing with metal species (4) must be provided with heat-insulation layer preferably; The own thermal conductivity of heat-collecting box (4) that fiberglass and plastics class nonmetallic materials are processed is low, heat-insulation layer is required to reduce relatively, but sunlight is very big to glass reinforced plastic pipe and plastic tube effect on service life with ultraviolet ray; Must shield; Screen method has multiple, normally outside heat-collecting box (4) heat-insulation layer, overlaps thin metallic tubd again, thoroughly shielding ultraviolet rays; Also can be outside the heat-collecting box heat-insulation layer, other is incubated sun-proof antiultraviolet illuminating method brush pitch wet goods.

End cap (6) and end cap (7) are used for seal heat-collecting case (4), and end cap can be opened during cleaning, and end cap can be movable, also can be the permanent closure formulas;

Electrically-controlled valve (10) is connected between heat-collecting box (4) and the waterpipe jointing (11), utilizes difference in height that hot water in the heat-collecting box (4) is put into attemperater (17).

Waterpipe jointing (12) directly connects heat-collecting box (4) upper end, is used for heat-collecting box (4) and goes up water.

Automatically controlled interface (13) is used to connect heat collector and terminal system power supply and signal.

Heat collector interface (14) the one is used for series, parallel between the heat collector, and the 2nd, be connected with end cap (6) (7).

Four, terminal system composition, purposes, characteristics, requirement and characteristic:

With Fig. 3 is example, is provided with attemperater (17) in the terminal system, and exhaustion spill pipe (18), level sensor (19), temperature sensor (20) and permeable dividing plate (22) are contained in attemperater (17) appropriate location; Low-temperature space water (23) is communicated with waterpipe jointing (31) through water pump (26), and waterpipe jointing (30) connects attemperater (17) high-temperature region (21), and running water input interface (32) connects attemperater low-temperature space (23) through water supply valve (27).

The main effect of attemperater (17): the one, the water storage accumulation of heat, the 2nd, with the exchange of heat-collecting box (4) water cycling hot, the solar energy that absorbs in heat-collecting box (4) water is transferred to storage in the attemperater (17), the 3rd, for the user provides hot water.

Exhaustion spill pipe (18) is used for turnover of attemperater (17) gas and overflow, eliminates the water tank internal pressure.

Level sensor (19) is used to measure attemperater (17) water level, and control water supply valve (27) is realized the water tank automatic loading water.

Cooling-water temperature sensor is used to measure attemperater (17) high-temperature region water temperature, through comparing with the middle water temperature of heat-collecting box (4), realizes temperature difference control.

Permeable dividing plate (22) is to be provided with according to the principle that heat is walked toward eminence; Be arranged on attemperater (17) and be positioned at position, water tank height 1/4th left and right sides; Its effect one is that current are logical about guaranteeing dividing plate; The 2nd, when avoiding heat-collecting box (4) high-temperature water to get into and the water at low temperature rapid mixing of bottom, help improving the cycle set thermal efficiency.

Control protection display system (24) is used to control the total system follow procedure and moves automatically.

Water pump (26) is used for to heat-collecting box (4) water filling.

Water supply valve (27) is used for attemperater (17) automatic loading water, if with water supply valve (27), change water pump into, no running water user can normally use.

Fig. 4 and Fig. 3 difference only is that water pipe is connected between terminal system and the water storage heat collector, and Fig. 3 be pair water pipes connection, and Fig. 4 is single water pipe connection; For avoiding heat-collecting box (4) high-temperature water directly to get into attemperater (17) low-temperature space (23), influence heat exchange efficiency, set up circulator (25) among Fig. 4; Heat-collecting box (4) when discharging water circulator (25) rely on the pressure that discharges water to seal the water pump port automatically, open port towards the water tank high-temperature region, make high-temperature water get into water tank high-temperature region (21) through circulator (25); When heat-collecting box (4) is gone up water; Under water pump (26) hydraulic pressure effect, water tank high-temperature region port is led in sealing, and water tank low-temperature space (23) gets into heat-collecting box (4) through water pump (26) and circulator (25).

Terminal system of the present invention has following characteristics and requirement:

1. the terminal system structure has two kinds of all-in-one and split air conditioners according to the collector area of institute's load; Usually 50 square metres of collector areas are with interior family expenses, commercial style solar water heater and hot-water heating system; Its terminal system is an all-in-one, and collector area is split type terminal system greater than 50 square metres.

2. attemperater (17) volumetric ratio heat-collecting box (4) volume is big more than 3 times in the terminal system.

3. the water storage heat collector and the terminal system of overlapping independent operating can shared attemperaters (17) more.

4. the material of making attemperater (17) is generally metal, fiberglass, high-temperature resistance plastice, and large-scale collecting system also can adopt reinforced concrete and thermal-insulating waterproof material to build on the ground or underground.

5. the method for the high low-temperature space of attemperater (17) moisture has multiplely, and permeable dividing plate (22) partition method only is one of them.

6. on terminal system; Utilize the conditions such as water, electricity, pump, control circuit and body that itself possessed to improve a little; Just can add water temperature regulatory function and heating function by very low cost, making domestic solar water heater's complete upgrading is intelligent multipurpose heat supply heating system.

7. the water pipe method of attachment of water storage heat collector and terminal system has two kinds in two water pipes and single water pipe, and single water pipe mode is equipped with circulator (25) in terminal system, and two kinds of methods do not have other influence except that water pipe quantity.

8. terminating machine can be placed near the water storage heat collector nearby, also can be away from the water storage heat collector, be placed on indoorly, and do not exposed to the sun and rain wind and low temperature environment influence, and organism material is difficult for aging, and heat energy is difficult for running off, and can supply power nearby to supply water and use hot water.

Five, thermal-arrest operation method, characteristic and relevant issues explanation:

The characteristic of thermal-arrest operation method of the present invention is: temperature difference control circulation thermal-arrest; The back moisturizing discharges water earlier; Earlier the interior high-temperature water of heat-collecting box (4) is entered attemperater (17) high-temperature region (21); Use the middle water of attemperater (17) low-temperature space (23) to fill with heat-collecting box (4) then, wait for that solar energy is heated to the regulation temperature approach with water in the heat-collecting box (4), repeats heat-collecting box (4) draining and moisturizing cycle set thermal process.

With the two water pipe methods of attachment of Fig. 7 is example, and temperature difference control cycle set by the use of thermal means and running are following:

1. method of attachment: connect water pipe (33,34) and running water pipe by Fig. 7; Automatically controlled interface (13) and (28) are joined; Energized, after the start, attemperater (17) and heat-collecting box (4) be fills with water automatically; Heat-collecting box (4) gets into the solar energy heating state of waiting for, its water temperature rises with sunlight strength and irradiation time.

2. when heat-collecting box (4) water temperature is higher than the temperature approach of attemperater (17) setting; The control system opens electrically-controlled valve on the water storage heat collector (10) automatically, utilizes difference in height, and heat-collecting box (4) high-temperature water is put into attemperater (17) high-temperature region (21) through external water pipe (34); Discharge water and close electrically-controlled valve (10) after finishing; Open water pump (26), water in attemperater (17) low-temperature space (23) is injected heat-collecting box (4) through external water pipe (33), switch off the pump automatically after filling with (26); Wait for that the middle water of heat-collecting box (4) is heated to the temperature approach of regulation, repeats heat-collecting box (4) draining and moisturizing cycle set thermal process once more.

Heat-collecting box (4) temperature that discharges water equals the temperature approach that attemperater (17) high-temperature region (21) water temperature adds setting; The temperature of the middle high-temperature region (21) of attemperater (17) water is put into high-temperature water with each heat-collecting box (4) and is improved; When the temperature approach of setting one timing; Heat-collecting box (4) temperature value that at every turn discharges water improves with attemperater (17) water temperature, thereby reach heat energy in the heat-collecting box (4) is transferred to the purpose that stores in the attemperater (17).

The difference of Fig. 8 and Fig. 7 only is that terminal system has increased circulator (25); The shared water pipe of Inlet and outlet water (35) between heat collector and the terminal system; This single water pipe method of attachment is used on less than 50 square metres collecting system in family expenses water heater and collector area has greater advantage; Therefore adopt single water pipe to be connected still two water pipes between terminating machine and the heat collector and connect, can be definite according to different product, application scenario and thermal-arrest scale.

The temperature approach setting range of water storage heat collector temperature difference control circulation thermal-arrest: 5～30 degree, manufacturer can set the acquiescence temperature approach according to heat-collecting box (4) sectional area usually, and the user can revise within the specific limits.

Compole was short when another advantage of temperature difference control cycle set by the use of thermal means was water pump operation, and in the annual average operating time 200 hours, not only electric energy is high, and water pump is very long service life.

The common employing of the water storage thermal collector freezing prevention method that discharges water automatically, antifreeze have clock control and two kinds of control methods of environment temperature control discharge water.Clock control method is normally in cold season; Clock control circuit point every afternoons 6 (can be provided with) is opened electrically-controlled valve automatically; Heat-collecting box water is put into attemperater, and somes every mornings 7 (can be provided with) send the last water signal of heat-collecting box (4) automatically, but the last water of heat-collecting box (4) is controlled by time and temperature dual; Have only when thermal-arrest the temperature inside the box is higher than setting value (for example 20 degree), just automatic loading water gets into circulation thermal-arrest running status.Environment temperature control has multiple, because of irrelevant with characteristic of the present invention, does not detail.

Water storage heat collector and the circulation of terminal system water, its electrically-controlled valve and water pump configuration, installation method have two kinds, introduce as follows:

1. utilize heat-collecting box (4) and attemperater (17) relative altitude poor, accomplish a direction through electrically-controlled valve (10) and discharge water or moisturizing, another direction discharges water or moisturizing is accomplished by water pump (26).Thereby the installation site of electrically-controlled valve (10) and water pump (26) is: when heat-collecting box (4) setting height(from bottom) is higher than attemperater (17), adorn electrically-controlled valve (10) on the water storage heat collector, terminal system holding water pump (26); When heat-collecting box (4) setting height(from bottom) is lower than attemperater (17), holding water pump on the water storage heat collector (26), terminal system dress electrically-controlled valve (10);

2. heat collector and terminal system holding water pump all is about to electrically-controlled valve (10) and makes water pump into, discharges water and moisturizing all realizes through water pump.The installation site does not receive heat-collecting box (4) and the restriction of attemperater (17) relative altitude difference.

The water storage heat collector utilizes the basic demand of relative altitude difference to be: heat-collecting box (4) and attemperater (17) absolute altitude difference are greater than 0.3 meter; The adaptable maximum height difference of collecting system is determined by pump head; According to home terminal machine characteristics, pump head usually 10 meters with interior selection, minitype high voltage water pump more than 10 meters; Be applicable to that one-storey house and 6 layers use with interior building, solved the difficult problem that use at the intensive installation branch of multilayer roof family.Most occasions are installed solar water heater, and its difference in height is usually less than 2 meters, and general low-pressure pump all can satisfy instructions for use.

The water pump noise problem: because pump power is little, the noise ratio washing machine is little, and running time is very short, and short-time running is just arranged when only sunlight is strong by day, and the user is not had influence.

Six, realize the basic principle and the signal flow calcspar of temperature difference control circulation thermal-arrest:

Fig. 9 is temperature difference control cycle set by the use of thermal means principle and signal flow calcspar, is a kind of scheme that realizes in the temperature difference control cycle set by the use of thermal means; 1. heat-collecting boxes among the figure, 2. electrically-controlled valve, 3. external water pipe, 4. circulator; 5. water pump, 6. water supply valve, 7. attemperater low-temperature space, 8. attemperater high-temperature region; 9. clock or environment temperature control signal, 10. water level signal, 11. ICUs, 12. heat-collecting box temperature signals; 13. the attemperater temperature signal, 14. temperature signal processors, 15. tank water level controllers.

The physical circuit and the method that realize temperature difference control circulation thermal-arrest are a lot, and its physical circuit and characteristic of the present invention are irrelevant, so do not detail.

Seven, water storage heat collector kind:

Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, Fig. 6 are water storage heat collector basic structure of the present invention; On Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, Fig. 6 water storage heat collector, install the support of difformity, structure additional; Can become plate, wall balcony mounts single case, header water storage heat collector and other shape of all sizes such as type, plane grounding, inclined-plane grounding, upright post type, the water storage heat collector of mounting means, and can be combined into the large-scale water storage heat collector of different shape by installation requirement on fabricating yard shape and the building.

Various types of water storage heat collector plant produced full-length scopes all are 1～12 meter; The single case of collector area scope is 2～24 square metres; Header is 4～48 square metres; Length behind the series, parallel, area, shape are not limit, and are applicable to family expenses, commercialization, large, medium and small solar water heater, hot-water heating system and solar energy heat collection engineering, part water storage heat collector basic kind and profile such as Figure 10～and shown in Figure 180.

The specific embodiment

Water storage heat collector of the present invention is joined terminal system, can become plate, wall balcony and mount type, plane grounding, inclined-plane grounding, upright post type list case, header solar water heater, hot-water heating system and solar energy multi-purpose room.

The basic method of attachment of water storage heat collector and terminal system such as Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8.

The product range of application of the same scheme of the present invention relates to solar energy heating every field and various application scenario, the terminating machine in Figure 19～Figure 30 embodiment, and collector area is an all-in-one with in for 50 square metres usually, is split type terminal system more than 50 square metres; The installation site can far can be near between terminating machine and the water storage heat collector; Can height can be low, terminating machine that various types of product is joined is identical, water storage heat collector basic structure is identical with operation method; Different just water storage collector bracket structure and installation method; Thereby dissimilar products, the scope of application is by the decision of heat collector mounting structure, and Figure 19～Figure 30 embodiment scope of application is introduced respectively as follows:

Figure 19 circle case plate type solar water heater, 1. water storage heat collector, 2. terminating machines among the figure; Present embodiment water storage heat collector can merge with building well; Be applicable on domatic, the inclined-plane metal frame and install, but water storage heat collector series, parallel, and collector area is not limit; Be applicable to all kinds of large, medium and small solar water heaters, hot-water heating system and heat collecting engineering; Be specially adapted to the herringbone roof and place or embed, can dissolve for one entirely, wide market is arranged in rural area and urban villa with roofing.

The rectangular case plate type solar of Figure 20 water heater, 1. water storage heat collector, 2. terminating machines among the figure; Present embodiment water storage heat collector can merge with building well; Be applicable on domatic, the inclined-plane metal frame and install; Be applicable to all kinds of large, medium and small solar water heaters, hot-water heating system and heat collecting engineering; Be specially adapted to the herringbone roof and place or embed, can dissolve for one entirely, wide market is arranged in rural area and urban villa with roofing.

The rectangular case wall of Figure 21 balcony mounts the type solar water heater, 1. heat collectors, 2. terminating machine among the figure; Present embodiment water storage heat collector can mount at building walls, neither takes up room, and can obtain a large amount of hot water again, and unique application advantage is arranged, and mounting with aspects such as metope greatly mount at balcony has than big market.

Figure 22 circle case wall balcony mounts the type solar water heater, 1. water storage heat collector, 2. terminating machines among the figure; Present embodiment water storage heat collector can mount at building walls, neither takes up room, and can obtain a large amount of hot water again, and unique application advantage is arranged, and mounting with aspects such as metope greatly mount at balcony has than big market.

Figure 23 plane grounding solar water heater, 1. water storage heat collector, 2. terminating machines among the figure; That present embodiment water storage heat collector is suitable for being fixed on is domatic, on the herringbone roofing, metal frame, but the heat collector series, parallel, collector area is not limit, and is applicable to all kinds of large, medium and small solar water heaters, hot-water heating system and heat collecting engineering.

The single tank solar water heater of Figure 24 inclined-plane grounding, 1. water storage heat collector, 2. terminating machines among the figure; Present embodiment water storage heat collector is applicable to be placed or is fixed on level land, roof, plane, herringbone roof, domatic, the metal frame; Be one of principal item that replaces existing domestic type solar water heater, hot-water heating system; But water storage heat collector series, parallel; Collector area is not limit, and is applicable to all kinds of large, medium and small solar water heaters, hot-water heating system and heat collecting engineering.

Figure 25 inclined-plane grounding header solar water heater, 1. water storage heat collector, 2. terminating machines among the figure; Present embodiment water storage heat collector is applicable on level land, flat-roofed house, the metal frame to be installed, but water storage heat collector series, parallel, and collector area is not limit, and is applicable to various family expenses, commercial solar water heater and large, medium and small solar water heating system, heat collecting engineering.

Figure 26 upright post type list tank solar water heater, 1. water storage heat collector, 2. terminating machines among the figure; Present embodiment water storage heat collector floor space is little; The fabricating yard is not had strict demand, before the room, behind the house, hillside fields, level land all can install, and be easy to use; Be applicable to food and drink, wash needs more hot water service industry and other various occasions that are suitable for installing such as reason; But water storage heat collector series, parallel, collector area is not limit, and is applicable to all kinds of large, medium and small solar water heaters, hot-water heating system and heat collecting engineering.

Figure 27 upright post type header solar water heater, 1. water storage heat collector, 2. terminating machines among the figure; But present embodiment water storage heat collector series, parallel, length and collector area are not limit, in thermal-arrest; Be applicable to the double villa wayside pavilion of doing, the corridor etc. of shading, tourist quarters, the space can make full use of under the water storage heat collector; The fabricating yard can height can be low, do not have and be strict with, after the installation again the strange land install all very convenient; But water storage heat collector series, parallel, collector area is not limit, and is applicable to all kinds of large, medium and small solar water heaters, hot-water heating system and heat collecting engineering.

Figure 28 upright post type header solar energy multi-purpose room, 1. water storage heat collectors among the figure, 2. terminating machine, 3. townhouse room; The present embodiment terminal system be placed in the room outside the room all can, water storage heat collector and house combine together, 48 square metres of the maximum collector areas in room, only building that single heat collector constitutes, about 3.2 meters of room inner widths; The longest 12 meters, highest point is more than 3 meters, and maximum area is about 32 square metres in the room, can built-in bathroom in the room between; Temperature can be regulated automatically, and whole system is designed to modular, and install in dismantled and assembled and strange land, less demanding to the fabricating yard; House periphery and roof can be selected rainproof ageing-resistant printing opacity or light-proof material for use, can adopt safety glass like the need printing opacity, become the sunlight greenhouse; Be used for crop cultivation and aquaculture, also can be used for the sentry post, sentry box, food and drink tourist industry; Communal bathroom is taken in the expense bathroom concurrently, can live, and range of application is extremely wide.But each single group room series, parallel, collector area and careat no maximum, the instead hot house is used for the vegetable melon and fruit flower planting, and fish, the frog, fowl, bird are raised; If do not need large tracts of land daylighting, periphery adopts light-proof material with the roof, joins the printing opacity air hole, and the solar energy heating area is according to requiring to confirm with the room, just adorns or adorns the thermal-collecting tube problem less, not limited by floor space and thermal-arrest room number of combinations.

1200 square metres of single case collecting system embodiment of Figure 29 solar energy, 1. single case water storage heat collectors among the figure, 2. switch board, 3. attemperater or pond, 4. booster pump and heat auxilliary system, 5. user side, 6. air source heat pump machine; Present embodiment is plate, plane grounding, inclined-plane grounding, upright post type list case water storage heat collector all are suitable for, and all can install on plane, domatic, roof and the metal frame, specifically selects for use according to installation environment and customer requirements.Realize that 1200 square metres of collector areas only need 50 heat collector serial or parallel connections, collecting system does not have small-bore waterpipe jointing, no return pipe, and expected service life is longer about one times than existing product, and integrated cost can descend significantly, and advantage is fairly obvious.This programme is applicable to 100 square metres of collector areas～tens thousand of square meter heat collecting engineerings, collector area less than with greater than 1200 square metres, can be scaled and amplify.Figure hollow air supply heat pump machine (6) belongs to the assistant heating energy saver, can adorn and can not adorn, and looks the user and need decide.

1200 square metres of header collecting systems of Figure 30 solar energy embodiment, 1. header water storage heat collectors among the figure, 2. switch board, 3. attemperater or pond, 4. booster pump and heat auxilliary system, 5. user side, 6. air source heat pump machine; Present embodiment is plate, plane grounding, inclined-plane grounding, upright post type list case water storage heat collector all are suitable for, and all can install on plane, domatic, roof and the metal frame, specifically selects for use according to installation environment and customer requirements.Realize that 1200 square metres of collector areas only need 25 heat collector serial or parallel connections, collecting system does not have small-bore waterpipe jointing, no return pipe, and expected service life is longer about one times than existing product, and integrated cost can descend significantly, and advantage is fairly obvious.This programme is suitable for 100 square metres of collector areas～tens thousand of square meter heat collecting engineerings, collector area less than with greater than 1200 square metres, can be scaled and amplify.Figure hollow air supply heat pump machine (6) belongs to the assistant heating energy saver, can adorn and can not adorn, and looks the user and need decide.

The difference of Figure 29 and Figure 30 only is that Figure 29 adopts single case water storage heat collector, and Figure 30 adopts header water storage heat collector, the performance indifference, and just installation method is slightly different with the fabricating yard requirement, can select according to user's actual conditions.

Characteristics of the present invention and advantage

One, with the contrast of domestic type solar water heater

Domestic type solar water heater of the present invention is made up of water storage heat collector and integrated terminal machine, can be connected by single water pipe between heat collector and the terminating machine, also can connect by two water pipes, and is very simple, compares with existing domestic solar water heater, has following characteristics:

1. blocked hot water in the water heater through the heat radiation of heat collector large tracts of land by way of; Reduce the influence of incrustation scale to collecting efficiency; Reduced the attemperater internal-external temperature difference significantly; Heat be difficult for to run off, and can bring into play water heater heat-collecting heat-preserving function to greatest extent, can guarantee collecting system use the thermal efficiency not descend for a long time or the range of decrease very little.The actual availability of integrated heat efficiency and heat energy is higher more than 20% than existing product.

2. attemperater and water storage heat collector all can be opened cleaning at any time, and thermal-collecting tube is dismounting at any time, and it is all very simple to clean water tank and dismounting thermal-collecting tube, and the user can clean at any time, safeguard, guarantees the water quality and the lasting thermal efficiency.

3. the water storage heat collector separates with attemperater, has thoroughly cut off the approach that high-temperature water dispels the heat through heat collector in the water tank, and heat energy is difficult for running off, and utilization ratio is high.

4. discharge water automatically night in winter, antifreeze, do not have freezing problem, no matter be the north, south, available throughout the year.

5. the water storage heat-collecting box can adopt metal and nonmetallic materials manufacturing, light weight, non-corrosive, scaling not, long service life.

Terminating machine can be placed on Anywhere indoor, the wind of not exposed to the sun and rain, heat be difficult for to run off in the water tank, uses hot water more convenient nearby.

7. the water storage heat collector can be placed on roof, and terminating machine is placed in each users home, and the water supply used water of can supplying power nearby is applicable to 6 layers with the shared roof daylighting area of interior building, and solar water heater is independently used at each family.

8. automatically go up water, if change electrically-controlled valve (27) into water pump, no running water user can normally use, and electricity consumption does not have potential safety hazard.

9. no heavy large water tank on the water storage heat collector is existing little 1～3 times with high volume product to the building roof pressure ratio, is suitable for roof dense arrangement and roofing and embeds.

10. solar energy heating area, water tank capacity all can be multiplied, and the user can satisfy user's instructions for use to greatest extent according to increasing and decreasing thermal-collecting tube quantity season.

11. power consumption is extremely low.The domestic solar water heater that collector area is 4 square metres, control and 4 fens of circulation collecting system electricity charge less than 24 hours average every days, the electricity charge of its consumption are compared insignificant with the benefit of bringing, can ignore.

12. the optional material category of water storage heat collector is many, produces simple and conveniently, adopts fiberglass, high-temperature resistance plastice to make heat-collecting box, but one-shot forming in the certain-length scope.

13. integrated cost is lower, and increases with collector area, unit cost reduces significantly.

About 14. expected service life can double.

Eventually the above, adopting the present invention to replace existing domestic solar water heater will be the development trend that is difficult to stop.

Two, the heat collector with existing top water circulation thermal-arrest contrasts

All kinds water storage heat collector of the present invention; Compare with existing flat plate collector, plug-in type heat pipe vacuum tube collector and the direct current vacuum tube collector of top water circulation thermal-arrest forced; Advantage is more obvious, and range of application is wider, and the inapplicable place of many existing heat collectors all can be used.The present invention compares with existing product, all has following characteristics:

1. the heat-collecting box sectional area is big, and water storage is many, and heat pipe can fully carry out heat exchange in water.

2. collecting efficiency is high.This is that heat collector does not have other can influence the factor of the thermal efficiency because heat extraction pipework condensation end scaling has outside the certain influence the thermal efficiency.Do not add hydraulic pressure owing to have on the heat collector, easy to assemble, heat pipe condensation end incrustation scale user can clean at any time, and annual the cleaning once arrived secondary, and water heater uses the thermal efficiency guaranteed for a long time.

3. single group heat collector collector area is big, but organizes the heat collector series and parallel more, uses heat collector quantity few with the scale collector area, does not have numerous interfaces.

4. heat collector does not have external water pressure, and sealing is simple, has seepy question hardly, and reliability is high.

5. the turnover of heat collector high-low-temperature is all accomplished in heat-collecting box, no return pipe, and outside connection is very easy.

6. employing heat-pipe vacuum-tube, drawback such as solar collecting performance was relatively poor when the environment temperature that does not exist existing plate water heater to be had was low, and environment temperature is low or the thermal efficiency is lower when requiring leaving water temperature high.

7. flushing can be opened in the heat-collecting box two ends, and heat pipe can take off scale removal at any time, the heat-collecting box that adopts fiberglass, heat resistant plastice to make, and not burn into non-corrosive, scaling not, the long-term lasting thermal efficiency is guaranteed.

8. convenience easy to maintenance.Maintenance is not shut down, is not discharged water, and the system that do not influence normally moves.

9. the temperature difference is controlled the circulation thermal-arrest, the back moisturizing that discharges water earlier, and hot water does not dilute in the process that discharges water, and heat exchange efficiency is high.

10. power consumption is few, and electric energy is high, and running noises is little.Economize on electricity shows 3 aspects:

The one, the water pump operation resistance is very little, and required pump power is little, because heat-collecting box (4) sectional area is big, and through exhaustion spill pipe and atmosphere; The no water resistance of heat-collecting box (4), the effect of water pump are that water is promoted more than 0.3 meter, only need low power low-pressure pump can satisfy instructions for use, are merely about 25% of the required circulation pump power of top water circulation thermal-arrest with the used pump power of scale collecting system.

The 2nd, water storage accumulation thermal-arrest, compole is short during water pump operation, and the overwhelming majority time is in closed condition.According to the relation of heat collector collector power and the moisture storage capacity and the temperature difference, can calculate temperature difference interval running time, about 20 minutes circulation primary when designing temperature difference thermal-arrest cycle period usually by intense light irradiation.

The 3rd, utilize difference in height to discharge water or moisturizing, water pump is only born to heat collector is unidirectional and is discharged water or the moisturizing task, and the water pump operation time decreased is half the; Thereby system's when operation power consumption is comparable existing with the economize on electricity of scale solar thermal collection system more than 80%.

11. do not receive freeze injury, the south north four seasons can be used.The present invention is antifreeze to show three aspects, the one, and the heat-collecting box material itself has the freeze proof ability of splitting, and for example bursting by freezing can not take place after freezing in the pipe in glass reinforced plastic pipe below subzero 20 degree; The 2nd, discharge water automatically, automatically water in the heat collector was recovered to attemperater before every afternoon, the sun set, having only the next morning two aspects of the time of satisfying and temperature to require just can be to the heat-collecting box water filling, thereby anhydrous in the heat-collecting box when hanging down with temperature night, does not endure cold; The 3rd, the thermal-collecting tube sectional area is big, itself has good heat-insulating property after adding heat-insulation layer.

12. service life is extremely long.Because get rid of that existing heat collector caliber is little, pipeline long, tube wall thin, inner uneven, be prone to scaling, perishable, thermal-arrest plate and be connected as a single entity and the various factors that influences the life-span such as can't keep in repair; And adopt long-life materials such as the metal meet the heat collector operation characteristic, fiberglass, plastics to do heat-collecting box (4); Individual parts is damaged and to be easy to change, thereby about the comparable existing product of product expected service life of the present invention doubles.

13. modularized design, assemble fast at the scene, installs, uses all very convenient.

14. integrated cost and operating cost are low.

15. can better merge with building.

The present invention and existing roughly the same high volume product contrast together

Table 1～table 3 is the present invention and existing product contrast, can intuitively reflect the greatest differences of existing product and product of the present invention.

Table 1: domestic type of the present invention and existing domestic solar water heater contrast

Table 2: plate, the plug-in type heat-pipe vacuum-tube of the present invention and existing top water circulation thermal-arrest, the contrast of direct current vacuum tube collector:

Show 3:1200 square metre of collecting system embodiment major parameter contrast: (please with reference to Figure 29 Figure 30)

Annotate: " prior art products " is that 40 tons of hot water schemes releasing 440 square metres of solar energy heating areas to market with certain solar energy enterprise 2011 are foundation in the table 3; This scheme adopts the plug-in type heat pipe vacuum tube collector of 2 square metres of collector areas; In existing product, belong to state-of-the-art technology, representative.

From table 1～table 3 contrast, can find out; The present invention makes that solar energy heating becomes simply, reliable, efficient, long-life, low cost, large tracts of land thermal-arrest are easier; No matter various occasion scales all are suitable for; The user uses can obtain the benefit that draws true, visible, helps promoting solar energy heating and develops to bigger scope, more field, higher level.

China solar thermal utilization industry in 2011 produces solar energy vacuum tube and dull and stereotyped water heater amounts to 5,760 ten thousand square metres, and having increased by 17.6%, 2011 year solar thermal utilization industry gross output value than 2010 is 93,500,000,000 yuan, and the future market will be more wide.

Analyze existing water heater, hot-water heating system and the heat collecting engineering of 20 forward many enterprises of domestic solar energy output value rank in 2011 and use product, all do not take into full account the problem that product exists in long-time running, product category and structure are similar; No essence difference; Just material, technology are slightly different, and technology content is lower, and entry threshold is low; The like product low-level competition is fierce; Thereby have reason to believe unique technique characteristic of the present invention, the technical advantage that is multiplied such as practical, reliable, durable will be in the ascendance in intense market competition.

Claims

1. non-pressure bearing stored water heat collector of solar energy and thermal-arrest operation method are made up of water storage heat collector, terminal system and thermal-arrest operation method, on the water storage heat collector, are provided with heat-collecting box (4); Adopt thermal-collecting tube (1) to absorb solar energy; To water heating in the heat-collecting box (4), in terminal system, be provided with attemperater (17), through electrically-controlled valve, water pipe, water pump heat-collecting box (4) is communicated with attemperater (17); Under the control of temperature difference thermal-arrest control system; Through electrically-controlled valve and water pump, realize that the interior water at low temperature circulation of interior high-temperature water of heat-collecting box (4) and attemperater (17) exchanges, transfer to the solar heat that absorbs in the heat-collecting box (4) in the attemperater (17) to store; The characteristic of water storage heat collector is: heat pipe (3) is connected with heat-collecting box (4) single or double through sealing cork (2) or thermal conducting sleeve (15) in the thermal-collecting tube on the water storage heat collector (1); Water-temperature water-level sensor (8) and exhaustion spill pipe (9) are contained in heat-collecting box (4) appropriate location; There are different shapes such as circle, circular arc, square, rectangle in heat-collecting box (4) cross section; 0.005 square metre～0.05 square metre of heat-collecting box (4) sectional area scope; Single water storage heat collector length is 2～48 square metres of 1～12 meters, collector area, and water storage heat collector two end interfaces (14) internal diameter equals heat-collecting box (4) internal diameter, can pass through two end interfaces (14) series, parallel between the water storage heat collector; The characteristic of terminal system is: terminal system has two kinds of all-in-one and split air conditioners; Be provided with attemperater (17) in the terminal system, exhaustion spill pipe (18), level sensor (19), temperature sensor (20) and permeable dividing plate (22) are contained in attemperater (17) appropriate location; The characteristic of thermal-arrest operation method is: temperature difference control circulation thermal-arrest; The back moisturizing discharges water earlier; Earlier the interior high-temperature water of heat-collecting box (4) is entered attemperater (17) high-temperature region (21); Use the middle water of attemperater (17) low-temperature space (23) to fill with heat-collecting box (4) then, wait for that solar energy is heated to the regulation temperature approach with water in the heat-collecting box (4), repeats heat-collecting box (4) draining and moisturizing cycle set thermal process.

2. according to the thermal-collecting tube (1) on the said water storage heat collector of claim 1, it is characterized in that: thermal-collecting tube (1) kind and range of choice comprise the existing and following various solar heat-pipe vacuum tubes of developing, full glass vacuum tube, non-gravity type thermal-collecting tube and heat pipe type thermal-arrest plate etc.

3. heat-collecting box according to claim 1 (4) is characterized in that: the material of making heat-collecting box (4) has metal mold and non-metal type two big classes, can be special, also can adopt the standard sections manufacturing.

4. water storage heat collector according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the support that installs difformity, structure on the water storage heat collector additional; Can become plate, wall balcony mounts single case, header water storage heat collector and other shape of all sizes such as type, plane grounding, inclined-plane grounding, upright post type, the water storage heat collector of mounting means, and can be combined into the large-scale water storage heat collector of different shape by installation requirement on fabricating yard shape and the building.

5. according to said water storage heat collector of claim 1 and terminal system; It is characterized in that: the water storage heat collector is joined terminal system, can become plate, wall balcony and mount type, plane grounding, inclined-plane grounding, upright post type list case, header solar water heater, hot-water heating system and solar energy multi-purpose room.

6. according to the water pipe method of attachment of said water storage heat collector of claim 1 and terminal system, it is characterized in that: the water pipe method of attachment of water storage heat collector and terminal system has single water pipe and two kinds in two water pipes.