CN102547942A - Wireless sensor network intelligent gateway applied to greenhouse environment monitoring - Google Patents
Wireless sensor network intelligent gateway applied to greenhouse environment monitoring Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless sensor network intelligent gateway applied to greenhouse environment monitoring. The wireless sensor network intelligent gateway comprises a processor, a unit and a radio frequency module, wherein the unit consists of an RS485 interface, an RS232 interface, an RJ45 interface and a 3rd generation (3G) module and communicates with a server; the RS485 interface, the RS232 interface, the RJ45 interface and the 3G module receive an information acquisition command transmitted by a remote server through corresponding equipment and transmit the information acquisition command to the processor; the processor judges the command, selects a forwarding strategy and transmits the command to the radio frequency module; the radio frequency module analyzes the command after receiving the command, forwards the command to a corresponding terminal processing module according to a network address carried in the command, receives data returned by the terminal processing module and forwards the data to the processor; and the processor transmits the data to the remote server according to the determined forwarding strategy through the 3G module. The gateway has the advantages of simple circuit, high efficiency of data transmission and convenience for Internet accessing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the agricultural facility field, especially be applied to the wireless sensor network of greenhouse monitoring, specifically a kind of wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring.
Background technology
At present, in the social production life, wireless sensor network technology all is widely used in fields such as industrialized agriculture, industrial monitoring, Smart Homes, however the whether superior networking and the communication performance that is directly restricting wireless sensor network of gate performance.
Instantly employed gateway in the wireless sensor network except that need are arranged the communication network winding thread, also must be laid the power supply line mostly, and not only cost is high, construction is loaded down with trivial details also is prone to cause signal to disturb; And there are shortcomings such as transmission rate is slow, efficiency of transmission is low, interconnection network access mode is single mostly in current the gateway that generally uses; The significant limitation that this should cause for the popularization of wireless sensor network technology; And current the most transmission rate of generally using of gateway is not high; Efficient is lower, and interconnection network access mode is also more single.Thereby design has that circuit is simple, data transmission efficiency is high, the Internet inserts the intelligent gateway in one such as convenient has become wireless sensor network technology development and the important topic of using.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is problem to the existing gateway transmission rate is slow, efficiency of transmission is low, interconnection network access mode is single; Propose a kind of wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring, satisfy that circuit is simple, data transmission efficiency is high and the Internet inserts requirement easily.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring; It comprises processor, the communication unit that communicates with remote server that is made up of RS485 interface, RS232 interface, RJ45 interface and 3G module and the radio-frequency module that communicates with terminal processing module; The information gathering order that described RS485 interface, RS232 interface, RJ45 interface and 3G module are sent through relevant device receiving remote server, and be transferred to processor; Processor is judged order, selects forwarding strategy, and then gives radio-frequency module with command transfer; After radio-frequency module receives order, order is resolved, according to the network address of carrying in the order order is transmitted to the relevant terminal processing module, the data forwarding beamed back of receiving terminal processing module is given processor afterwards; The forwarding strategy that processor is confirmed according to the front is issued remote server through the 3G module.
Intelligent gateway of the present invention also comprises USB interface, jtag interface, SD card, power module, power conversion unit and network interface controller.
Processor of the present invention is the STM32 module; Radio-frequency module is CC1100; The 3G module is CDMAEVDO, and CDMA EVDO technology is adopted in communication, and terminal processing module is the CC1100Zigbee wireless radio frequency modules; Comprise a plurality of transducers, terminal radio frequency module and terminal handler, be used to carry out data acquisition and transmission; Terminal processing module is docked to order and resolves, if the order of pick-up transducers data then starts corresponding transducer and carries out data acquisition, and it is carried out conventional treatment, and then packing and be transmitted to radio-frequency module; Radio-frequency module is received data and just is transmitted to processor; Processor is received data, according to the forwarding strategy that the front is confirmed, issues remote server through 3G module 3.
The supply power mode of intelligent gateway of the present invention comprises three kinds of POE POE, battery and civil powers:
When adopting ethernet communication is intelligent gateway when passing through RJ45 interface and server communication, supplies power through the POE technology;
When adopting RS485 or RS232 communication, through mains-supplied;
When adopting the 3G module communication, adopt powered battery.
When carrying out the uplink communication of service-oriented device behind the gateways and starting of the present invention, need to judge the connected mode of communicating by letter that adopts between gateway and the server, specifically may further comprise the steps:
Whether first-selected be that RS485 connects through the inspection gateway; Confirm whether be the order that RS485 connects through the RS485 interface to the server request of sending,, then confirm as RS485 and connect if return successful connection; If whether the connection error of returning, then redirect check system adopt RS232 communication;
Confirm whether be the order that RS232 connects through the RS232 interface to the server request of sending,, then confirm as RS232 and connect if the connection error of returning, whether then redirect check system adopts ethernet communication if return successful connection;
Create the Socket client; The Connection Service device is not gone up server if connect, and then gets back to beginning and judges again; If server in the connection; Then confirm whether be the order that Ethernet connects to the server request of sending, if return successful connection, what then confirm the server employing is the Ethernet connected mode;
If the connection error of returning then confirms whether be the order that 3G connects to the server request of sending, if return successful connection; What then confirm the server employing is the 3G communication mode; Otherwise the program of getting back to begins, and restarts to judge from RS485, RS232, Ethernet to 3G communication mode successively, if still can not find unobstructed communication to connect in a period of time; Then create embedded database, with the storage of gathering on the SD card.
The wireless sensor network Routing Protocol of intelligent gateway of the present invention information monitoring towards the greenhouse divides up route and descending route two parts; Up route is responsible for monitoring greenhouse information, and descending route is responsible for transmitting the greenhouse control command.
In the up routing section of the present invention; Each terminal processing module as node deployment behind network; Automatically obtain predefined address number, send message along parallel direction to the right to gateway according to address number, this message comprises address of node and dump energy; After gateway is received all addresss of node and dump energy information, calculate the cost function that each node arrives all possible paths of gateway;
Wherein, N representes the nodal distance gateway jumping figure of this paths, and q (i) representes the dump energy of i node on this paths, and i is changed to m from 0 and representes that total number of node is m+1 on this paths, and a representes the shared weight of jumping figure among the cost function f;
Gateway is chosen the optimal path of the minimum path of f as this node data transmission, keeps the inferior little path of f value simultaneously as backup path, and this two paths is sent to each terminal processing module left according to node address form along continuous straight runs; Randomness selected a paths as next-hop node when node sent data, successively transfer of data was arrived gateway.
Among the present invention, when stressing real time data acquisition, a value is greater than 0.5, and when stressing to prolong network life, a value is less than 0.5.
Adopt sleep scheduling mechanism to reduce node power consumption in the Routing Protocol of the present invention; Concrete steps are: in greenhouse; Set per 5 minutes and gather a secondary data, and set 1 fen clock time confession node transmission data, posterior nodal point got into sleep state automatically in 6 minutes; Close radio-frequency module, wake the node Information Monitoring after 5 minutes automatically up and open radio-frequency module transmission data; Every the recomputating at a distance from 1 hour of gateway optimized the path, sends information along reference axis direction to the right, and this information comprises that current time information is used for time synchronized and optimal path information is carried out transfer of data.
In the descending routing section of the present invention; Gateway sends instruction according to address format along reference axis direction to the right all the time; If node lost efficacy; A last hop node carries out the Z font with randomness along the y axle up or down to be transmitted, and promptly can continue behind data arrives this hop node up or down to turn right according to address format to send instructions.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Radio-frequency module of the present invention adopts CC1100, is independent radio-frequency module, uses the 433Mhz frequency range; Communication distance is far away, and is low in energy consumption, is fit to greenhouse; And STM32 is the high performance 32-bit microprocessor of a low-power consumption, can efficiently realize all kinds of complicated algorithms of intelligent gateway.Simultaneously, the combination of radio-frequency module and microprocessor structure be convenient to system upgrade, protocol stack operates on the STM32, can realize combining closely of application layer and other each layers.
The present invention adopts the communication connected mode of multiple service-oriented device, can adapt to and utilize on-the-spot advantage well.
The present invention can support civil power and battery powered switching, forms perfect power solution, is fit to the use under the complex environment.
Seating surface of the present invention is to the mode that works offline of server.Through transplanting embedded database SQLite, the data of collection deposit database in, and administrative staff can regularly use the SD card to extract the data of intelligent gateway storage, realize the working method of off-line.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a theory diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the intelligence communication of the service-oriented device of gateway of the present invention connects sketch map.
Fig. 3 is that centralized Routing Protocol gateway and terminal processing module are the topology deployment sketch map of node.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further described.
As shown in Figure 1; A kind of wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring; It comprises processor (model is STM32), the communication unit that communicates with remote server that is made up of RS485 interface, RS232 interface, RJ45 interface and 3G module and the radio-frequency module (model is CC1100) that communicates with terminal processing module; The information gathering order that described RS485 interface, RS232 interface, RJ45 interface and 3G module are sent through relevant device receiving remote server, and be transferred to processor; Processor is judged order, selects forwarding strategy, and then gives radio-frequency module with command transfer; After radio-frequency module receives order, order is resolved, according to the network address of carrying in the order order is transmitted to the relevant terminal processing module, the data forwarding beamed back of receiving terminal processing module is given processor afterwards; The forwarding strategy that processor is confirmed according to the front is issued remote server through the 3G module.
Seating surface of the present invention is to the online of server and the data collection of off-line dual mode; Online mode realizes through different approaches such as Ethernet, RS485, RS232 and 3G; Offline mode is through embedded database SQLite storage data (the tables of data form is: " node parameter numerical value time ") to USB flash disk, and the approach of administrative staff's timing extraction realizes; (3) support three kinds of modes such as POE (POE), battery and civil power to supply power, when adopting ethernet communication, can when adopting RS485 or RS232 communication,, when adopting the 3G mode to communicate by letter, adopt powered battery through the power supply of POE technology through mains-supplied; Carry out data compression when (4) 3G communicates by letter to save flow and to improve real-time; (5) operation can realize the centralized wireless sensor network protocols stack of protocol conversion of Ethernet and wireless sensor network.
Remote server of the present invention sends the Information Monitoring order, is transferred to the STM32 module through the 3G module; The STM32 module is given the ZigBee module with command transfer, and and then order is judged so that select forwarding strategy, waits for then receiving information data; After the ZigBee module receives order, order is resolved, order is transmitted to node Zigbee module according to the network address of carrying in the order; Node Zigbee module is received order order is resolved, if the order of pick-up transducers data then starts corresponding transducer and carries out data acquisition, and it is carried out simple process, and then packing and be transmitted to the ZigBee module; The ZigBee module is received data and just is transmitted to the STM32 module; The STM32 module is received data, according to the forwarding strategy that the front is confirmed, issues remote server through the 3G module.
The communication plan of service-oriented device is: the occasion that no network insertion can conveniently be connected up, if gateway distance service device is far away, use RS485 communication, and then use RS232 communication during close together; The occasion that network insertion is arranged can be used ethernet communication; The place of no network insertion can select for use CDMA EVDO communication to carry out transfer of data.
Centralized Routing Protocol:
The wireless sensor network Routing Protocol of information monitoring divides up route and descending route two parts towards the greenhouse.Up route is responsible for monitoring greenhouse information, and descending route is responsible for transmitting the greenhouse control command.In addition, mostly the greenhouse flat shape is regular shape, and single area is limited, makes that the scale of wireless sensor network is not too large, and the equal stationary part of radio node is deployed on the appointed area, can conveniently know the approximate spatial locations of node during deployment.As shown in Figure 3, adopt uniformly-spaced latticed deployment, the mode of row number and row number combination is adopted in the address of node.
In up route, node deployment sends message along parallel direction to the right to gateway according to address number automatically behind network, and this message comprises the dump energy of address of node and node.After gateway is received all addresss of node and dump energy information, calculate the cost function that each node arrives all possible paths of gateway:
Wherein, N representes the nodal distance gateway jumping figure of this paths, and q (i) representes the dump energy of i node on this paths; I is changed to m from 0 and representes that total number of node is m+1 on this paths; A representes the shared weight of jumping figure among the cost function f, and when stressing real time data acquisition, a value is greater than 0.5; When stressing to prolong network life, a value is less than 0.5.
Gateway is chosen the optimal path of the minimum path of f as this node data transmission, keeps the inferior little path of f value simultaneously as backup path, and this two paths is sent to each node left according to node address form along continuous straight runs.Randomness selected a paths as next-hop node when node sent data, so just can under the situation of taking into account real-time and energy consumption, transfer of data be arrived gateway.
Employing sleep scheduling mechanism further reduces node power consumption.Because the greenhouse data variation is slow, can sets per 5 minutes and gather a secondary data, and set 1 fen clock time confession node transmission data.Posterior nodal point got into sleep state automatically in 6 minutes, closed radio-frequency module.Automatically wake the node Information Monitoring after 5 minutes up and open radio-frequency module transmission data.
Every the recomputating at a distance from 1 hour of gateway optimized the path, sends information along reference axis direction to the right, and this information comprises that current time information is used for time synchronized and optimal path information is carried out transfer of data.
In descending Routing Protocol; Gateway sends instruction according to address format along reference axis direction to the right all the time; If node lost efficacy; A last hop node carries out " Z " font with randomness along the y axle up or down to be transmitted, and promptly can continue behind data arrives this hop node up or down to turn right according to address format to send instructions.
Protocol conversion: the conversion between wireless sensor network and the Internet network.Protocol translation is based on the protocol mapping table that is stored on the intelligent gateway; When Internet when WSN sends instruction; The Internet instruction of TCP/IP form resolves to the Frame of WSN form at intelligent gateway; And wireless sensor network is when Internet sends data, and the packet of WSN form is converted into the packet of TCP form at intelligent gateway.
The present invention does not relate to all identical with the prior art prior art that maybe can adopt of part and realizes.
Claims (10)
1. wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring; It is characterized in that it comprises processor, the communication unit that communicates with remote server that is made up of RS485 interface, RS232 interface, RJ45 interface and 3G module and the radio-frequency module that communicates with terminal processing module; The information gathering order that described RS485 interface, RS232 interface, RJ45 interface and 3G module are sent through relevant device receiving remote server, and be transferred to processor; Processor is judged order, selects forwarding strategy, and then gives radio-frequency module with command transfer; After radio-frequency module receives order, order is resolved, according to the network address of carrying in the order order is transmitted to the relevant terminal processing module, the data forwarding beamed back of receiving terminal processing module is given processor afterwards; The forwarding strategy that processor is confirmed according to the front is issued remote server through the 3G module.
2. the wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that described intelligent gateway also comprises USB interface, jtag interface, SD card, power module, power conversion unit and network interface controller.
3. the wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring according to claim 1; It is characterized in that described processor is the STM32 module, radio-frequency module is CC1100, and the 3G module is CDMAEVDO; CDMA EVDO technology is adopted in communication; Terminal processing module is the CC1100Zigbee wireless radio frequency modules, comprises a plurality of transducers, terminal radio frequency module and terminal handler, is used to carry out data acquisition and transmission; Terminal processing module is docked to order and resolves, if the order of pick-up transducers data then starts corresponding transducer and carries out data acquisition, and it is carried out conventional treatment, and then packing and be transmitted to radio-frequency module; Radio-frequency module is received data and just is transmitted to processor; Processor is received data, according to the forwarding strategy that the front is confirmed, issues remote server through 3G module 3.
4. the wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring according to claim 1, the supply power mode that it is characterized in that described intelligent gateway comprise three kinds of POE POE, battery and civil powers:
When adopting ethernet communication is intelligent gateway when passing through RJ45 interface and server communication, supplies power through the POE technology;
When adopting RS485 or RS232 communication, through mains-supplied;
When adopting the 3G module communication, adopt powered battery.
5. the wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring according to claim 1; When it is characterized in that carrying out the uplink communication of service-oriented device behind this gateways and starting; Need to judge the connected mode of communicating by letter that adopts between gateway and the server, specifically may further comprise the steps:
Whether first-selected be that RS485 connects through the inspection gateway; Confirm whether be the order that RS485 connects through the RS485 interface to the server request of sending,, then confirm as RS485 and connect if return successful connection; If whether the connection error of returning, then redirect check system adopt RS232 communication;
Confirm whether be the order that RS232 connects through the RS232 interface to the server request of sending,, then confirm as RS232 and connect if the connection error of returning, whether then redirect check system adopts ethernet communication if return successful connection;
Create the Socket client; The Connection Service device is not gone up server if connect, and then gets back to beginning and judges again; If server in the connection; Then confirm whether be the order that Ethernet connects to the server request of sending, if return successful connection, what then confirm the server employing is the Ethernet connected mode;
If the connection error of returning then confirms whether be the order that 3G connects to the server request of sending, if return successful connection; What then confirm the server employing is the 3G communication mode; Otherwise the program of getting back to begins, and restarts to judge from RS485, RS232, Ethernet to 3G communication mode successively, if still can not find unobstructed communication to connect in a period of time; Then create embedded database, with the storage of gathering on the SD card.
6. the wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that the wireless sensor network Routing Protocol of this intelligent gateway information monitoring towards the greenhouse divides up route and descending route two parts; Up route is responsible for monitoring greenhouse information, and descending route is responsible for transmitting the greenhouse control command.
7. the wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring according to claim 6; It is characterized in that in up routing section; Each terminal processing module as node deployment behind network; Automatically obtain predefined address number, send message along parallel direction to the right to gateway according to address number, this message comprises address of node and dump energy; After gateway is received all addresss of node and dump energy information, calculate the cost function that each node arrives all possible paths of gateway;
Wherein, N representes the nodal distance gateway jumping figure of this paths, and q (i) representes the dump energy of i node on this paths, and i is changed to m from 0 and representes that total number of node is m+1 on this paths, and a representes the shared weight of jumping figure among the cost function f;
Gateway is chosen the optimal path of the minimum path of f as this node data transmission, keeps the inferior little path of f value simultaneously as backup path, and this two paths is sent to each terminal processing module left according to node address form along continuous straight runs; Randomness selected a paths as next-hop node when node sent data, successively transfer of data was arrived gateway.
8. the wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring according to claim 7 is characterized in that when stressing real time data acquisition, and a value is greater than 0.5, and when stressing to prolong network life, a value is less than 0.5.
9. the wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring according to claim 6; It is characterized in that adopting in the described Routing Protocol sleep scheduling mechanism to reduce node power consumption, concrete steps are: in greenhouse, set per 5 minutes and gather a secondary data; And set 1 fen clock time and supply node transmission data; Posterior nodal point got into sleep state automatically in 6 minutes, closed radio-frequency module, woke the node Information Monitoring after 5 minutes automatically up and opened radio-frequency module transmission data; Every the recomputating at a distance from 1 hour of gateway optimized the path, sends information along reference axis direction to the right, and this information comprises that current time information is used for time synchronized and optimal path information is carried out transfer of data.
10. the wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring according to claim 6; It is characterized in that in descending routing section; Gateway sends instruction according to address format along reference axis direction to the right all the time; If node lost efficacy, a last hop node carries out the Z font with randomness along the y axle up or down to be transmitted, and promptly can continue behind data arrives this hop node up or down to turn right according to address format to send instructions.
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| CN104009912A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-08-27 | 南京晓庄学院 | Novel universal Internet of things home gateway |
| CN104301906A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-01-21 | 济南银澳科技有限公司 | Method for relay communication between gateways of wireless sensor network |
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| CN104301906A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-01-21 | 济南银澳科技有限公司 | Method for relay communication between gateways of wireless sensor network |
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