CN102547942B - Wireless sensor network intelligent gateway applied to greenhouse environment monitoring - Google Patents
Wireless sensor network intelligent gateway applied to greenhouse environment monitoring Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless sensor network intelligent gateway applied to greenhouse environment monitoring. The wireless sensor network intelligent gateway comprises a processor, a unit and a radio frequency module, wherein the unit consists of an RS485 interface, an RS232 interface, an RJ45 interface and a 3rd generation (3G) module and communicates with a server; the RS485 interface, the RS232 interface, the RJ45 interface and the 3G module receive an information acquisition command transmitted by a remote server through corresponding equipment and transmit the information acquisition command to the processor; the processor judges the command, selects a forwarding strategy and transmits the command to the radio frequency module; the radio frequency module analyzes the command after receiving the command, forwards the command to a corresponding terminal processing module according to a network address carried in the command, receives data returned by the terminal processing module and forwards the data to the processor; and the processor transmits the data to the remote server according to the determined forwarding strategy through the 3G module. The gateway has the advantages of simple circuit, high efficiency of data transmission and convenience for Internet accessing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the agricultural facility field, especially be applied to the wireless sensor network of greenhouse monitoring, specifically a kind of Wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring.
Background technology
At present, in the social production life, wireless sensor network technology all is widely used in fields such as industrialized agriculture, industrial monitoring, Smart Homes, however whether superior networking and the communication performance that is directly restricting wireless sensor network of gate performance.
Instantly employed gateway in the wireless sensor network except need are arranged the communication network winding thread, also must be laid the power supply line mostly, and not only cost height, the loaded down with trivial details signal that also easily causes of construction disturb; And there are the shortcomings such as transmission rate is slow, efficiency of transmission is low, interconnection network access mode is single mostly in current the gateway that generally uses, the significant limitation that this should cause for the popularization of wireless sensor network technology, and current the most transmission rate of gateway of generally using is not high, efficient is lower, and interconnection network access mode is also more single.Thereby design has that circuit is simple, data transmission efficiency is high, the Internet access is convenient etc. has become wireless sensor network technology development and the important topic of using in the intelligent gateway of one.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the problem slow for the existing gateway transmission rate, that efficiency of transmission is low, interconnection network access mode is single, propose a kind of Wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring, satisfy that circuit is simple, data transmission efficiency is high and the Internet accesses easily requirement.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of Wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring, it comprises processor, by the communication unit that communicates with remote server of RS485 interface, RS232 interface, RJ45 interface and 3G module composition and the radio-frequency module that communicates with terminal processing module, the information gathering order that described RS485 interface, RS232 interface, RJ45 interface and 3G module send by relevant device receiving remote server, and be transferred to processor; Processor judges order, selects forwarding strategy, and then with command transfer to radio-frequency module; After radio-frequency module receives order, order is resolved, according to the network address of carrying in the order order is transmitted to corresponding terminal processing module, the data retransmission beamed back of receiving terminal processing module is to processor afterwards; The forwarding strategy that processor is determined according to the front is issued remote server by the 3G module.
Intelligent gateway of the present invention also comprises USB interface, jtag interface, SD card, power module, power conversion unit and network interface controller.
Processor of the present invention is the STM32 module, radio-frequency module is CC1100, the 3G module is CDMAEVDO, CDMA EVDO technology is adopted in communication, terminal processing module is the CC1100Zigbee wireless radio frequency modules, comprise a plurality of transducers, terminal radio frequency module and terminal handler, be used for carrying out data acquisition and transmission; Terminal processing module is docked to order and resolves, if the order of pick-up transducers data then starts corresponding transducer and carries out data acquisition, and it is carried out conventional treatment, and then packing and be transmitted to radio-frequency module; Radio-frequency module is received data and just is transmitted to processor; Processor is received data, according to the forwarding strategy that the front is determined, issues remote server by 3G module 3.
The supply power mode of intelligent gateway of the present invention comprises three kinds of Power over Ethernet POE, battery and civil powers:
Be intelligent gateway when passing through RJ45 interface and server communication when adopting ethernet communication, power by the POE technology;
When adopting RS485 or RS232 communication, pass through mains-supplied;
When adopting the 3G module communication, adopt powered battery.
When carrying out the uplink communication of service-oriented device behind the gateways and starting of the present invention, need to judge the communication connection mode that adopts between gateway and the server, specifically may further comprise the steps:
First-selected by checking whether RS485 connects gateway, send request by the RS485 interface to server and be confirmed whether the order that connects into RS485, if return successful connection, then confirm as RS485 and connect, if whether the connection error of returning, then redirect check system adopt RS232 communication;
Send request by the RS232 interface to server and be confirmed whether the order that connects into RS232, if return successful connection, then confirm as RS232 and connect, if the connection error of returning, whether then redirect check system adopts ethernet communication;
Create the Socket client, connection server, if do not connect upper server, then get back to and begin to re-start judgement, if server in the connection, then send request to server and be confirmed whether the order that connects into Ethernet, if return successful connection, what confirm then that server adopts is the Ethernet connected mode;
If the connection error of returning, then send request to server and be confirmed whether the order that connects into 3G, if return successful connection, what then confirm the server employing is the 3G communication mode, otherwise the program of getting back to begins, and restarts to judge from RS485, RS232, Ethernet to 3G communication mode successively, if still can not find unobstructed communication connection in a period of time, then create embedded database, the data that gather are stored on the SD card.
Intelligent gateway of the present invention divides up route and downstream routing two parts towards the Wireless Sensor Network Routing Protocol of greenhouse information monitoring; Up route is responsible for monitoring greenhouse environment information, and downstream routing is responsible for transmitting the greenhouse control command.
In the up routing section of the present invention, each terminal processing module as node deployment behind network, the predefined address number of automatic acquisition, send message to right to gateway along parallel according to address number, this message comprises address of node and dump energy, after gateway is received all addresss of node and dump energy information, calculate the cost function that each node arrives all possible paths of gateway;
Wherein, N represents the nodal distance gateway jumping figure of this paths, and q (i) represents the dump energy of i node on this paths, and i is changed to m from 0 and represents that total number of node is m+1 on this paths, and a represents the shared weight of jumping figure among the cost function f;
The path that gateway is chosen the f minimum is as the optimal path of this node data transmission, keeps simultaneously the inferior little path of f value as backup path, and this two paths is sent to each terminal processing module left according to node address form along continuous straight runs; Randomness selected a paths as next-hop node when node sent data, transferred data to successively gateway.
Among the present invention, when stressing real time data acquisition, a value is greater than 0.5, and when stressing prolong network lifetime, a value is less than 0.5.
Adopt sleep scheduling mechanism to reduce node power consumption in the Routing Protocol of the present invention, concrete steps are: in greenhouse, set per 5 minutes and gather a secondary data, and set 1 minutes for the node the transmission of data, posterior nodal point entered sleep state automatically in 6 minutes, close radio-frequency module, automatically wake the node Information Monitoring after 5 minutes up and open the radio-frequency module the transmission of data; Gateway recomputated path optimizing every 1 hour, send information along reference axis direction to the right, and this information comprises that current time information is used for time synchronized and optimal path information is carried out transfer of data.
In the downstream routing part of the present invention, gateway sends instruction according to address format along reference axis direction to the right all the time, if node lost efficacy, the upper hop node carries out Z-shaped with randomness up or down along the y axle to be transmitted, i.e. the meeting continuation is turned right according to address format and sent instructions behind data arrival this hop node up or down.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Radio-frequency module of the present invention adopts CC1100, is independent radio-frequency module, uses the 433Mhz frequency range, communication distance is far away, and is low in energy consumption, is fit to greenhouse, and STM32 is the 32-bit microprocessor of a Low Power High Performance, can efficiently realize all kinds of complicated algorithms of intelligent gateway.Simultaneously, the combination of radio-frequency module and microprocessor structure be convenient to system upgrade, protocol stack operates on the STM32, can realize combining closely of application layer and other each layers.
The present invention adopts the communication connection mode of multiple service-oriented device, can adapt to well and utilize on-the-spot advantage.
The present invention can support civil power and battery powered switching, forms perfect power solution, is fit to the use under the complex environment.
Seating surface of the present invention is to the mode that works offline of server.By transplanting embedded database SQLite, the data of collection deposit database in, and administrative staff can regularly use the SD card to extract the data of intelligent gateway storage, realize the working method of off-line.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is theory diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the intelligence communication connection diagram of the service-oriented device of gateway of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that concentrated route protocol gateway and terminal processing module are the topology deployment schematic diagram of node.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of Wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring, it comprises processor (model is STM32), by the communication unit that communicates with remote server of RS485 interface, RS232 interface, RJ45 interface and 3G module composition and the radio-frequency module (model is CC1100) that communicates with terminal processing module, the information gathering order that described RS485 interface, RS232 interface, RJ45 interface and 3G module send by relevant device receiving remote server, and be transferred to processor; Processor judges order, selects forwarding strategy, and then with command transfer to radio-frequency module; After radio-frequency module receives order, order is resolved, according to the network address of carrying in the order order is transmitted to corresponding terminal processing module, the data retransmission beamed back of receiving terminal processing module is to processor afterwards; The forwarding strategy that processor is determined according to the front is issued remote server by the 3G module.
Seating surface of the present invention is to the online and off-line dual mode Data Collection of server, online mode realizes by different approaches such as Ethernet, RS485, RS232 and 3G, offline mode is by embedded database SQLite storage data (the tables of data form is: " node parameter numerical value time ") to USB flash disk, and the approach of administrative staff's timing extraction realizes; (3) support three kinds of modes such as POE (Power over Ethernet), battery and civil power to power, when adopting ethernet communication, can be by the power supply of POE technology, when adopting RS485 or RS232 communication, by mains-supplied, when adopting the 3G mode to communicate by letter, adopt powered battery; Carry out data compression when (4) 3G communicates by letter to save flow and to improve real-time; (5) operation can realize the centralized Protocol of Wireless Snesor Network of protocol conversion of Ethernet and wireless sensor network.
Remote server of the present invention sends the Information Monitoring order, is transferred to the STM32 module through the 3G module; And then the STM32 module to the ZigBee module, and is judged command transfer in order to select forwarding strategy to order, then wait for receiving information data; After the ZigBee module receives order, order is resolved, according to the network address of carrying in the order order is transmitted to node Zigbee module; Node Zigbee module is received order order is resolved, if the order of pick-up transducers data then starts corresponding transducer and carries out data acquisition, and it is carried out simple process, and then packing and be transmitted to the ZigBee module; The ZigBee module is received data and just is transmitted to the STM32 module; The STM32 module is received data, according to the forwarding strategy that the front is determined, issues remote server by the 3G module.
The communication plan of service-oriented device is: without the occasion that network insertion can conveniently be connected up, if gateway distance service device is far away, use RS485 communication, then use RS232 communication during close together; The occasion that network insertion is arranged can be used ethernet communication; Can select CDMA EVDO communication to carry out transfer of data without the place of network insertion.
The concentrated route agreement:
Wireless Sensor Network Routing Protocol towards the greenhouse information monitoring divides up route and downstream routing two parts.Up route is responsible for monitoring greenhouse environment information, and downstream routing is responsible for transmitting the greenhouse control command.In addition, the greenhouse flat shape mostly is regular shape, and single area is limited, so that the scale of wireless sensor network is not too large, and the equal stationary part of radio node is deployed on the appointed area, can conveniently know the approximate spatial locations of node during deployment.As shown in Figure 3, adopt uniformly-spaced latticed deployment, the mode of row number and line number combination is adopted in the address of node.
In up route, node deployment sends message to right to gateway along parallel according to address number automatically behind network, and this message comprises the dump energy of address of node and node.After gateway is received all addresss of node and dump energy information, calculate the cost function that each node arrives all possible paths of gateway:
Wherein, N represents the nodal distance gateway jumping figure of this paths, q (i) represents the dump energy of i node on this paths, i is changed to m from 0 and represents that total number of node is m+1 on this paths, a represents the shared weight of jumping figure among the cost function f, and when stressing real time data acquisition, a value is greater than 0.5, when stressing prolong network lifetime, a value is less than 0.5.
The path that gateway is chosen the f minimum is as the optimal path of this node data transmission, keeps simultaneously the inferior little path of f value as backup path, and this two paths is sent to each node left according to node address form along continuous straight runs.Randomness selected a paths as next-hop node when node sent data, so just can transfer data to gateway in the situation of taking into account real-time and energy consumption.
Employing sleep scheduling mechanism further reduces node power consumption.Because the greenhouse data variation is slow, can sets per 5 minutes and gather a secondary data, and set 1 minutes for the node the transmission of data.Posterior nodal point entered sleep state automatically in 6 minutes, closed radio-frequency module.Automatically wake the node Information Monitoring after 5 minutes up and open the radio-frequency module the transmission of data.
Gateway recomputated path optimizing every 1 hour, send information along reference axis direction to the right, and this information comprises that current time information is used for time synchronized and optimal path information is carried out transfer of data.
In the downstream routing agreement, gateway sends instruction according to address format along reference axis direction to the right all the time, if node lost efficacy, the upper hop node carries out " Z " font with randomness up or down along the y axle to be transmitted, i.e. the meeting continuation is turned right according to address format and sent instructions behind data arrival this hop node up or down.
Protocol conversion: the conversion between wireless sensor network and the Internet network.Protocol translation is based on the protocol mapping table that is stored on the intelligent gateway, when Internet sends instruction to WSN, the Internet instruction of TCP/IP form resolves to the Frame of WSN form at intelligent gateway, and wireless sensor network is when sending data to Internet, and the packet of WSN form is converted into the packet of TCP form at intelligent gateway.
The part that the present invention does not relate to all prior art that maybe can adopt same as the prior art is realized.
Claims (8)
1. Wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring, it is characterized in that it comprise processor, by the communication unit that communicates with remote server of RS485 interface, RS232 interface, RJ45 interface and 3G module composition and the radio-frequency module that communicates with terminal processing module, the information gathering order that described RS485 interface, RS232 interface, RJ45 interface and 3G module send by relevant device receiving remote server, and be transferred to processor; Processor judges order, selects forwarding strategy, and then with command transfer to radio-frequency module; After radio-frequency module receives order, order is resolved, according to the network address of carrying in the order order is transmitted to corresponding terminal processing module, the data retransmission beamed back of receiving terminal processing module is to processor afterwards; The forwarding strategy that processor is determined according to the front is issued remote server by the 3G module;
This intelligent gateway divides up route and downstream routing two parts towards the Wireless Sensor Network Routing Protocol of greenhouse information monitoring; Up route is responsible for monitoring greenhouse environment information, and downstream routing is responsible for transmitting the greenhouse control command; In up routing section, each terminal processing module as node deployment behind network, the predefined address number of automatic acquisition, send message to right to gateway along parallel according to address number, this message comprises address of node and dump energy, after gateway is received all addresss of node and dump energy information, calculate the cost function that each node arrives all possible paths of gateway;
Wherein, N represents the nodal distance gateway jumping figure of this paths, and q (i) represents the dump energy of i node on this paths, and i is changed to m from 0 and represents that total number of node is m+1 on this paths, and a represents the shared weight of jumping figure among the cost function f;
Gateway is chosen the path of f minimum as the optimal path of this node data transmission, keeps simultaneously the inferior little path of f value as backup path, and this two paths is sent to each terminal processing module left according to node address form along continuous straight runs; Randomness selected arbitrary paths in aforementioned optimal path and the backup path as the path of down hop when node sent data, transferred data to successively gateway.
2. the Wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that described intelligent gateway also comprises USB interface, jtag interface, SD card, power module, power conversion unit and network interface controller.
3. the Wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described processor is the STM32 module, radio-frequency module is CC1100, the 3G module is CDMA EVDO, CDMA EVDO technology is adopted in communication, terminal processing module is the CC1100Zigbee wireless radio frequency modules, comprises a plurality of transducers, terminal radio frequency module and terminal handler, is used for carrying out data acquisition and transmission; Terminal processing module is docked to order and resolves, if the order of pick-up transducers data then starts corresponding transducer and carries out data acquisition, and it is carried out conventional treatment, and then packing and be transmitted to radio-frequency module; Radio-frequency module is received data and just is transmitted to processor; Processor is received data, according to the forwarding strategy that the front is determined, issues remote server by 3G module 3.
4. the Wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring according to claim 1, the supply power mode that it is characterized in that described intelligent gateway comprise three kinds of Power over Ethernet POE, battery and civil powers:
Be intelligent gateway when passing through RJ45 interface and server communication when adopting ethernet communication, power by the POE technology;
When adopting RS485 or RS232 communication, pass through mains-supplied;
When adopting the 3G module communication, adopt powered battery.
5. the Wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring according to claim 1, when it is characterized in that carrying out the uplink communication of service-oriented device behind this gateways and starting, need to judge the communication connection mode that adopts between gateway and the server, specifically may further comprise the steps:
First-selected by checking whether RS485 connects gateway, send request by the RS485 interface to server and be confirmed whether the order that connects into RS485, if return successful connection, then confirm as RS485 and connect, if whether the connection error of returning, then redirect check system adopt RS232 communication;
Send request by the RS232 interface to server and be confirmed whether the order that connects into RS232, if return successful connection, then confirm as RS232 and connect, if the connection error of returning, whether then redirect check system adopts ethernet communication;
Create the Socket client, connection server, if do not connect upper server, then get back to and begin to re-start judgement, if server in the connection, then send request to server and be confirmed whether the order that connects into Ethernet, if return successful connection, what confirm then that server adopts is the Ethernet connected mode;
If the connection error of returning, then send request to server and be confirmed whether the order that connects into 3G, if return successful connection, what then confirm the server employing is the 3G communication mode, otherwise the program of getting back to begins, and restarts to judge from RS485, RS232, Ethernet to 3G communication mode successively, if still can not find unobstructed communication connection in a period of time, then create embedded database, the data that gather are stored on the SD card.
6. the Wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that when stressing real time data acquisition, and a value is greater than 0.5, and when stressing prolong network lifetime, a value is less than 0.5.
7. the Wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring according to claim 1, it is characterized in that adopting in the described Routing Protocol sleep scheduling mechanism to reduce node power consumption, concrete steps are: in greenhouse, set per 5 minutes and gather a secondary data, and set 1 minutes for the node the transmission of data, posterior nodal point entered sleep state automatically in 6 minutes, closed radio-frequency module, automatically woke the node Information Monitoring after 5 minutes up and opened the radio-frequency module the transmission of data; Gateway recomputated path optimizing every 1 hour, send information along reference axis direction to the right, and this information comprises that current time information is used for time synchronized and optimal path information is carried out transfer of data.
8. the Wireless sensor network intelligent gateway that is applied to greenhouse surroundings monitoring according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the downstream routing part, gateway sends instruction according to address format along reference axis direction to the right all the time, if node lost efficacy, the upper hop node carries out Z-shaped with randomness up or down along the y axle to be transmitted, i.e. the meeting continuation is turned right according to address format and sent instructions behind data arrival this hop node up or down.
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| CN102857992B (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2015-04-15 | 江南大学 | ZigBee network based multi-gateway transmission system |
| CN104009912A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-08-27 | 南京晓庄学院 | Novel universal Internet of things home gateway |
| CN104301906A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-01-21 | 济南银澳科技有限公司 | Method for relay communication between gateways of wireless sensor network |
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| CN108055056A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-05-18 | 河南迪天环保科技有限公司 | Communication module circuit |
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| CN108335479A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-07-27 | 杭州鲁尔物联科技有限公司 | RS485 numbers adopt instrument system and number adopts instrument |
| CN108510724A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-09-07 | 成都兴蓉沱源自来水有限责任公司 | A kind of secondary water-supply sets space signal forwarding unit and retransmission method |
| CN109698838A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-30 | 智慧盈通（北京）工业技术有限公司 | A kind of terminal access unit |
| CN110072208B (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2024-06-11 | 信息产业电子第十一设计研究院科技工程股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic power generation-based wireless intelligent network communication device |
| CN110493015B (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2024-04-09 | 广州市雅江光电设备有限公司 | POE signal switching equipment and signal switching method thereof |
| CN110867067A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-03-06 | 精工工业建筑系统有限公司 | Control host computer that can be used to environmental monitoring and equipment in service behavior control |
| CN113193879B (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2023-10-31 | 慧感(上海)物联网科技有限公司 | Explosion-proof industrial data transmission device based on multiple interfaces and data transmission method thereof |
| CN117377142A (en) * | 2023-11-22 | 2024-01-09 | 中铁一局集团城市轨道交通工程有限公司 | Information acquisition wireless sensor network gateway |
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| CN101222455A (en) * | 2008-01-30 | 2008-07-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | Network interlinking mode expandable wireless sensor network gateway equipment |
| CN201750562U (en) * | 2010-07-31 | 2011-02-16 | 大连工业大学 | Device for interconnecting the wireless sensor network with the internet and the mobile communication net |
| CN102026418B (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2013-04-24 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Wireless sensor network gateway device with 3G remote transmission |
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