CN102540238B - Gamma camera and method for detecting radiation ray by utilizing same - Google Patents
Gamma camera and method for detecting radiation ray by utilizing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102540238B CN102540238B CN201010620107.8A CN201010620107A CN102540238B CN 102540238 B CN102540238 B CN 102540238B CN 201010620107 A CN201010620107 A CN 201010620107A CN 102540238 B CN102540238 B CN 102540238B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gamma camera which comprises a first gamma imaging unit and a second gamma imaging unit, wherein the first gamma imaging unit comprises a first coding plate provided with a first pattern formed by a plurality of coding elements and a first detector for detecting a radiation ray penetrating through the first coding plate; the second gamma imaging unit comprises a second coding plate provided with a second pattern formed by a plurality of coding elements and a second detector for detecting the radiation ray penetrating through the second coding plate; and the first pattern and the second pattern form opposite patterns. The invention is characterized in that the longitudinal axes of the first and the second gamma imaging units are in parallel and not coincided, and the same imaging regions are defined; the first and the second gamma imaging units are arranged at the same sides of the same imaging regions; and a shielding piece is arranged between the first gamma imaging unit and the second gamma imaging unit for preventing the radiation ray incident in the first gamma imaging unit and the second gamma imaging unit from mutual interference.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to radiation detection field, it relates to a kind of gamma camera for radioactive source location, nuclide identification.More particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of gamma camera of portable real time imagery.In addition, the invention still further relates to a kind of method of utilizing described gamma camera to detect radiation ray.
Background technology
The portable gamma camera with radioactive source location and nuclide identification function is a kind of radiomaterial watch-dog of just being opened out in recent years.For other nuclide identification equipment (RID), it can carry out long distance positioning to radioactive source.Further, obtain the video image of monitored target by optical camera equipment, in conjunction with the use of video image, can determine the concrete physical location of radioactive source.
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic that shows a kind of gamma camera of the prior art.Referring to Fig. 1, gamma camera of the prior art comprises encoding board 10 and position sensitive detector 20.Photon below in conjunction with energy between E1 and E2 is as follows to its structure and principle of work brief description:
Encoding board 10 is surface plate, and photon between E1 and E2 is transparent to energy for some region on it, and some region is opaque to such photon.Transparent and opaque region is referred to as " code element ", and it all has identical size, and is in the pre-determined mode of one, for example Fresnel zones pattern and random aperture mode profile.In addition, this gamma camera also comprises position sensitive detector 20, for example position sensitive photo-multiplier tube (PSPMT).Position sensitive detector 20 is made up of multiple detector cells, and its position resolution mates with notch, and the photon-sensitive between E1 and E2 to energy only.
As shown in Figure 1, the ray R1 of both direction, the transparent region (also can be called notch) that R2 sees through on encoding board 10 irradiates same Position-Sensitive Detector 20.Like this, detector has just recorded two projections of notch pattern, and each projection is the coding to radiographic source corresponding point source position, and the intensity of each projection just forms the coding of corresponding point source strength.The projection information obtaining according to detector, just can instead release radiogenic distribution situation.
But, there is a very important problem in existing gamma camera: in order to obtain the good coding and rebuilding image of quality, image reconstruction algorithm not only needs the statistical of data for projection better, and need to gather two groups of data for projection under positive anti-pattern, so just can reconstruct image clearly.Thus, in the process of actual searching radioactive source, gamma camera need to be placed on a position to long-time image data.Particularly, after image data for the first time, need to carry out image data for the second time with the encoding board that obtains reverse mode after rotary coding plate 90 degree, efficiency is lower like this, causes staff's hold-up time in radiation field longer.
In addition, because two groups of data that need to gather at twice positive and negative two kinds of patterns are carried out image reconstruction, therefore cannot realize real time imagery.Thus, this will affect the speed of the coded imaging under patrol mode greatly, thereby can not realize the target in quick located irradiation source.
Summary of the invention
Given this, object of the present invention is intended to solve at least one aspect of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art and defect.
Correspondingly, one of object of the present invention is to provide improved gamma camera, and it can improve the detection efficiency of radioactive source location.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of improved gamma camera, when it can realize two kinds of mode datas, gather, process, to realize real time imagery simultaneously.
According to an aspect of the present invention, it provides a kind of gamma camera, comprising: the first gamma image-generating unit, and it comprises: the first encoding board, has the first pattern being made up of multiple code elements; And first detector, described the first detector is for detection of the radiation ray that penetrates described the first encoding board; The second gamma image-generating unit, it comprises: the second encoding board, has the second pattern being made up of multiple code elements; And second detector, described the second detector is for detection of the radiation ray that penetrates described the second encoding board, wherein said the first pattern and the second pattern form opposite pattern, it is characterized in that: the longitudinal axis of described first, second gamma image-generating unit is parallel to each other and does not overlap, and be limited with identical imaging region; Described first, second gamma image-generating unit is arranged at the same side of described identical imaging region; And first be provided with shielding part between gamma image-generating unit and the second gamma image-generating unit, to prevent from inciding the radiation ray generation phase mutual interference in the first gamma image-generating unit and the second gamma image-generating unit.
The present invention doubles encoding board and detector, in improving detection efficiency, when having realized two kinds of mode datas, gathers, processes simultaneously, has so just shortened the time of whole acquisition process process, has created prerequisite for realizing real time imagery.
Further, described gamma camera comprises screening can, and described first, second gamma image-generating unit is arranged in described screening can, to prevent that the radiation ray beyond imaging region from entering into described first, second gamma image-generating unit.
In one embodiment, described gamma camera also comprises: optical pick-up apparatus, its imaging region is arranged to identical with the described imaging region of described first, second gamma image-generating unit.
In the above-described embodiment, described code element is to have one of the transparent region of same shape and zone of opacity, described transparent region allows the radiation ray of predetermined power scope to penetrate, and described zone of opacity does not allow the radiation ray of predetermined power scope to penetrate.
More specifically, each of described first, second detector comprises: scintillator or scintillator arrays; Photomultiplier, it is connected to obtain with described scintillator or scintillator arrays and will converts electric signal to from the light signal of described scintillator or scintillator arrays.
In a kind of specific embodiment, described scintillator or scintillator arrays are NaI or CsI or LaBr
3or LaCl
3scintillator or scintillator arrays.
According to a further aspect in the invention, it provides a kind of method of utilizing gamma camera to detect radiation ray, comprises step: provide the gamma camera in aforementioned either side; Utilize first, second gamma image-generating unit to carry out imaging to obtain respectively first, second image to imaging region simultaneously; Superpose first, second image to obtain the reconstruction image of eliminating artifact.
In one embodiment, described method also comprises step: adopt optical pick-up apparatus to gather the optical imagery of described imaging region; By described reconstruction image and the stack of described optical imagery, to obtain Distribution of radiation source figure.
Above-mentioned not specific embodiment of the present invention at least has advantage and the effect of following one or more aspect:
1. according to the principle of coded aperture imaging, the present invention has used two cover encoding board and detectors, can avoid thus the operation of rotation or the plate that alternates coding, thereby improves the speed of the coded imaging under patrol mode, thereby reaches the object in quick located irradiation source.
2. owing to adopting the encoding board of the positive and negative two kinds of patterns encoding board of complementary shape (or be referred to as), therefore can gather two groups of data for projection of positive and negative two kinds of patterns simultaneously, and be transferred to data processing unit simultaneously, eliminate the reconstruction image of artifact with acquisition by first, second image that superposes, thereby realize real time imagery.
3. compared with the existing technology, the present invention have reasonable in design, the image reconstruction time is short, can show in real time image, seek source efficiency high.Correspondingly, this technology can be widely used in any place that need to carry out to radiomaterial Monitoring and Controlling, as customs port, nuclear physics laboratory, nuclear power station, nuke rubbish are buried place or storage, hospital, weapon manufacturing plant etc.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that shows gamma camera of the prior art and coded aperture imaging principle;
Fig. 2 is according to the structural representation of the gamma camera in a kind of embodiment of the present invention, and wherein Fig. 2 A is the vertical view of gamma camera, and Fig. 2 B is the front elevation of gamma camera; And
Fig. 3 is that a kind of utilization according to the present invention utilizes gamma camera to detect the process flow diagram of the method for radiation ray.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, and 1-3 by reference to the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.In instructions, same or analogous drawing reference numeral is indicated same or analogous parts.Followingly with reference to accompanying drawing, the explanation of embodiment of the present invention is intended to present general inventive concept of the present invention to make an explanation, and does not should be understood to a kind of restriction of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 2 A-2B, it shows the gamma camera 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention, and it comprises: the first gamma image-generating unit 1, and it comprises: the first encoding board 11, has the first pattern being made up of multiple code elements 61,62; And first detector 21, for detection of the radiation ray that penetrates described the first encoding board 11; The second gamma image-generating unit 2, it comprises: the second encoding board 12, has the second pattern being made up of multiple code elements 61,62; And second detector 22, for detection of the radiation ray that penetrates the second encoding board 12, wherein the first pattern and the second pattern form opposite pattern.
In a kind of embodiment, the longitudinal axis of first, second gamma image-generating unit 1,2 is parallel to each other, and is limited with identical imaging region 60.As shown in Figure 2 A, first, second gamma image-generating unit 1,2 is arranged side by side or with the parallel mode structure that is combined into one.With respect to the imagining center line through in Fig. 2 A, first, second encoding board 11,12 and first, second detector 21,22 are arranged to symmetrically, and thus, first, second gamma image-generating unit 1,2 has identical imaging region 60.
Preferably, between the first gamma image-generating unit 1 and the second gamma image-generating unit 2, be provided with shielding part 30, to prevent from inciding the radiation ray generation phase mutual interference in the first gamma image-generating unit 1 and the second gamma image-generating unit 2.Further, gamma camera 100 comprises screening can 40, first, second gamma image-generating unit 1,2 is arranged in screening can 40, to prevent that the radiation ray beyond imaging region 60 from entering into first, second gamma image-generating unit 1,2, avoids the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of imaging system to decline.
Shown in Fig. 2, the encoding board 11,12 of gamma camera 100 of the present invention is installed the front portion of gamma camera 100 at shield shell 40, with the detector parallel placement of 21,22 searching surface and there is certain distance, this distance is determined according to the imaging visual angle of gamma camera, distance is more with great visual angle less, and more small angle is larger for distance.
As shown in Figure 2 B, encoding board 11,12 is made up of multiple code elements 61,62.In Fig. 2 table, code element 61 refers to the zone of opacity that does not allow the radiation ray of predetermined power scope to penetrate, and code element 62 refers to the transparent region that allows the radiation ray of predetermined power scope to penetrate.This transparent region and zone of opacity are of similar shape.The material of encoding board 11,12 and thickness should be taken into account and stop ray and two aspects of code element length: in order effectively to stop gamma ray, encoding board 11,12 should be as far as possible thick; But consider the needs of coded imaging, encoding board again should be as far as possible thin.Therefore, select tungsten proper as encoding board material, can make encoding board thinner in the situation that, effectively stop gamma ray.
Structure shown in Fig. 2 is made up of two almost identical and relatively independent coded imaging unit, and unique having any different is the encoding board 11,12 of the two, and they are two encoding boards of inverse structure (complementary structure in other words).Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 B, encoding board the 11, the 12nd, by transparent region 62 and zone of opacity 61 according to predetermined mode, for example Fresnel zones pattern and random aperture pattern are arranged and are formed.For example in the present embodiment, multiple code elements 61,62 form 4 × 4 array.Obviously, the present invention is not limited only to this, and can be other p × q array of (p, q are greater than 2 integer).Arranging of the transparent region of encoding board 11, the 12 finger encoding board same positions of inverse structure or complementary structure and zone of opacity is contrary or complementary.As shown in Figure 2 B, the code element 61 of locating the first row and first row position on encoding board 11 is zone of opacity, and the code element 62 of locating the first row and first row position on encoding board 11 is contrary or complementary with above-mentioned code element 61, it is transparent region, now also can claim that this transparent region 62 is notch.Although in Fig. 2 B, the shape of code element 61,62 is foursquare, the present invention is not limited to this, and the shape of code element can be arbitrary shape.
According to coded imaging principle, the reconstruction image effect that single encoded image-generating unit single obtains is very poor, and artifact is more.But, two coded imaging unit that use contrary or complementary encoding plate 11,12 to same imaging region 60 imagings after, can obtain reconstruction image satisfactory for result both are superimposed.
In one embodiment, referring to Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B, gamma camera 100 also comprises: optical pick-up apparatus 50, its imaging region 60 is arranged to identical with the imaging region 60 of first, second gamma image-generating unit 1,2.More specifically, each of first, second detector 21,22 comprises: scintillator or scintillator arrays 211,221, for example NaI or CsI or LaBr
3or LaCl
3scintillator or scintillator arrays; Photomultiplier 212,222, itself and scintillator or scintillator arrays 211,221, for example NaI or CsI or LaBr
3or LaCl
3scintillator or scintillator arrays, coupling is converting electric signal to from the light signal of scintillator or scintillator arrays.The electric signal obtaining from photomultiplier 212,222 outputs to graphics processing unit (not shown), for example computing machine, CPU processing unit.Graphics processing unit is processed electric signal, to rebuild the image about radiation intensity, and can pass through display unit, and for example LCD display (not shown) shows.
Below, 2-3 carries out brief description to the method for utilizing above-mentioned gamma camera to detect radiation ray according to the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings.
Two groups of position sensitive detectors and encoding board are placed in position as shown in Figure 2, and first, second gamma image-generating unit 1,2 is provided, to ensure that two groups of imaging systems are to same imaging region 60 imagings (S1).Meanwhile, in above-mentioned first, second gamma image-generating unit 1,2, wherein the second pattern on the first pattern on the first encoding board 11 and the first encoding board 12 forms opposite pattern.Next, utilize 1,2 pairs of imaging regions 60 of first, second gamma image-generating unit to carry out imaging to obtain respectively first, second image (S2) simultaneously.As previously mentioned, according to coded imaging principle, the reconstruction image effect that single encoded image-generating unit single obtains is very poor, and artifact is more.For this reason, first, second image is superposeed obtain the reconstruction image of eliminating artifact.Further, in another embodiment, method also comprises step: adopt optical pick-up apparatus 50 to gather the optical imagery of imaging region 60; To rebuild image and optical imagery stack, to obtain Distribution of radiation source figure.
Although some embodiment of this present general inventive concept are shown and explanation, those skilled in the art will appreciate that, in the case of the principle and spirit that do not deviate from this present general inventive concept, can make a change these embodiment, scope of the present invention limits with claim and their equivalent.
Claims (9)
1. a gamma camera, comprising:
The first gamma image-generating unit, it comprises:
The first encoding board, has the first pattern being made up of multiple code elements; And first detector, described the first detector is for detection of the radiation ray that penetrates described the first encoding board;
The second gamma image-generating unit, it comprises:
The second encoding board, has the second pattern being made up of multiple code elements; And second detector, described the second detector is for detection of the radiation ray that penetrates described the second encoding board,
Wherein said the first pattern and the second pattern form opposite pattern, it is characterized in that:
The longitudinal axis of described first, second gamma image-generating unit is parallel to each other and does not overlap, and is limited with identical imaging region;
Described first, second gamma image-generating unit is arranged at the same side of described identical imaging region; And
Between the first gamma image-generating unit and the second gamma image-generating unit, be provided with shielding part, to prevent from inciding the radiation ray generation phase mutual interference in the first gamma image-generating unit and the second gamma image-generating unit.
2. gamma camera according to claim 1, is characterized in that described gamma camera also comprises:
Screening can, described first, second gamma image-generating unit is arranged in described screening can, to prevent that the radiation ray beyond imaging region from entering into described first, second gamma image-generating unit.
3. gamma camera according to claim 1 and 2, characterized by further comprising:
Optical pick-up apparatus, its imaging region is arranged to identical with the described imaging region of described first, second gamma image-generating unit.
4. gamma camera according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that:
Described code element is to have one of the transparent region of same shape and zone of opacity, and described transparent region allows the radiation ray of predetermined power scope to penetrate, and described zone of opacity does not allow the radiation ray of predetermined power scope to penetrate.
5. gamma camera according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that:
Each in described first, second detector comprises: scintillator or scintillator arrays; Photomultiplier, itself and described scintillator or scintillator arrays are coupled converting electric signal to from the light signal of described scintillator or scintillator arrays.
6. gamma camera according to claim 5, is characterized in that:
Described scintillator or scintillator arrays are NaI or CsI or LaBr
3or LaCl
3scintillator or scintillator arrays.
7. utilize gamma camera to detect a method for radiation ray, comprise step:
Gamma camera as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is provided;
Utilize first, second gamma image-generating unit to carry out imaging to obtain respectively first, second image to imaging region simultaneously;
Superpose first, second image to obtain the reconstruction image of eliminating artifact.
8. the method for utilizing gamma camera to detect radiation ray according to claim 7, is characterized in that described gamma camera also comprises:
Optical pick-up apparatus, its imaging region is arranged to identical with the described imaging region of described first, second gamma image-generating unit.
9. the method for utilizing gamma camera to detect radiation ray according to claim 8, characterized by further comprising step:
Adopt optical pick-up apparatus to gather the optical imagery of described imaging region;
By described reconstruction image and the stack of described optical imagery, to obtain Distribution of radiation source figure.
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| CN201010620107.8A CN102540238B (en) | 2010-12-31 | 2010-12-31 | Gamma camera and method for detecting radiation ray by utilizing same |
| HK12112857.3A HK1172092A1 (en) | 2010-12-31 | 2012-12-12 | Gamma camera and method for detecting radiation ray by utilizing same |
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| CN201010620107.8A CN102540238B (en) | 2010-12-31 | 2010-12-31 | Gamma camera and method for detecting radiation ray by utilizing same |
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| CN102540238B true CN102540238B (en) | 2014-08-13 |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN108776322A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2018-11-09 | 奕瑞新材料科技（太仓）有限公司 | Radiographic source localization method |
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| CN102788989B (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2015-05-27 | 北京永新医疗设备有限公司 | Gamma camera for gamma radioactive source positioning apparatus and gamma radioactive source positioning apparatus |
| CN103163548B (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2016-01-20 | 北京永新医疗设备有限公司 | Based on the radioactive substance detection of gamma camera and device thereof and system |
| CN107884812B (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2020-09-04 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | Radioactive source positioning and tracking method based on scintillator detector |
| CN108459344B (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-09-06 | 北京中科核安科技有限公司 | Local spectral analysis method and device based on γ camera |
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| CN108535768B (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2021-08-20 | 江苏超敏科技有限公司 | Gamma camera based on double-detector technology |
| CN108318911B (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2024-02-27 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Coding plate |
| CN110769169B (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2022-04-22 | 南京航空航天大学 | Coded hole gamma camera based on even-order coded array and design method thereof |
| CN110780333A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-02-11 | 南京航空航天大学 | Gamma camera based on double coding plates and method for positioning radioactive substances by using gamma camera |
| CN111080539B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-10-30 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Point source image reconstruction method based on two-norm constraint and smooth constraint and imager |
| CN112927829A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-06-08 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Method for monitoring high-energy optical radiation of fusion device in real time |
| CN111856542A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-10-30 | 上海仁机仪器仪表有限公司 | Barrier-free array type rapid positioning system for radioactive source |
| CN113109855A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-13 | 北京科技大学 | Large-visual-field radioactive source positioning system and method |
| CN113759413B (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2024-04-16 | 北京科技大学 | Radioactive source positioning system and method combining double coding plates |
| CN114757105B (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2024-02-23 | 西安交通大学 | Three-energy-section gamma imaging system based on energy window modulation and system design method |
| CN115482171B (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-05-02 | 瑞石心禾(河北)医疗科技有限公司 | Method and device for correcting uniformity of gamma camera |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HK1172092A1 (en) | 2013-04-12 |
| CN102540238A (en) | 2012-07-04 |
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