CN102537029A - 用于张紧辊装置的滚动轴承和相关的张紧辊装置 - Google Patents

用于张紧辊装置的滚动轴承和相关的张紧辊装置 Download PDF

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CN102537029A
CN102537029A CN2011104022326A CN201110402232A CN102537029A CN 102537029 A CN102537029 A CN 102537029A CN 2011104022326 A CN2011104022326 A CN 2011104022326A CN 201110402232 A CN201110402232 A CN 201110402232A CN 102537029 A CN102537029 A CN 102537029A
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rolling bearing
inserting member
inner race
race
axis
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R.莱斯科雷尔
E.罗伯特
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C43/00Assembling bearings
    • F16C43/04Assembling rolling-contact bearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C3/00Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
    • F16C3/02Shafts; Axles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C13/00Rolls, drums, discs, or the like; Bearings or mountings therefor
    • F16C13/006Guiding rollers, wheels or the like, formed by or on the outer element of a single bearing or bearing unit, e.g. two adjacent bearings, whose ratio of length to diameter is generally less than one
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/08Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with two or more rows of balls
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/067Fixing them in a housing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H7/00Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members
    • F16H7/18Means for guiding or supporting belts, ropes, or chains
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2361/00Apparatus or articles in engineering in general
    • F16C2361/63Gears with belts and pulleys
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72Sealings
    • F16C33/76Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/784Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race
    • F16C33/7843Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a single annular sealing disc
    • F16C33/7853Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a single annular sealing disc with one or more sealing lips to contact the inner race
    • F16C33/7856Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a single annular sealing disc with one or more sealing lips to contact the inner race with a single sealing lip
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H7/00Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members
    • F16H7/08Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains
    • F16H2007/0863Finally actuated members, e.g. constructional details thereof
    • F16H2007/0865Pulleys
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H7/00Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members
    • F16H7/08Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains
    • F16H2007/0876Control or adjustment of actuators
    • F16H2007/088Manual adjustment
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49636Process for making bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49643Rotary bearing
    • Y10T29/49679Anti-friction bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49682Assembling of race and rolling anti-friction members
    • Y10T29/49684Assembling of race and rolling anti-friction members with race making

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)
  • Support Of The Bearing (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)

Abstract

一种滚动轴承(1),特别地用于张紧辊的滚动轴承(1),包括内座圈(2)、安装成以便围绕内座圈(2)旋转的外座圈(3)以及至少一排布置在内座圈(2)和外座圈(3)之间的滚动元件(4,5),所述内座圈(2)包括轴向延伸超过外座圈(3)的轴向部分(15)。滚动轴承(1)包括插入件(16),该插入件被安装到在内座圈(2)的轴向部分(15)中形成的端部开口的孔(15a)中。一种张紧辊装置(3),包括前述的滚动轴承,以及过模制在外座圈(3)上的滑轮(31)。

Description

用于张紧辊装置的滚动轴承和相关的张紧辊装置
技术领域
本发明涉及用于设计来与链条或皮带相互作用的张紧辊装置的滚动轴承领域。张紧辊通常用来调整和不变地维持皮带上的张力在预定范围内或改变皮带的股线的取向。
这样的辊例如特别地与用于例如汽车的热力内燃机中的传动附件的正时皮带或皮带一起使用。
本发明更特别地涉及包括滑轮的张紧辊,其中所述滑轮可旋转地安装在可径向移动的非转动心轴或轴以使滑轮施加合适的张力到与其接触的皮带。心轴或轴的径向运动可通过与直接形成在非转动心轴或轴上的螺纹孔相互作用的螺旋机构进行调整,其中所述心轴或轴与安装在发动机上的螺纹杆相互作用。
背景技术
为此,可参照法国专利申请FR 2 907 526(SKF),其描述了一种包括非转动部分的张紧辊装置,围绕所述非转动部分的是可旋转地安装的形成滑轮的旋转部分并且在这些元件之间布置了两排滚动元件。非旋转部分包括轴向部分,其中径向螺纹孔被做成与安装在发动机上的螺纹杆相互作用以便径向地移动张紧辊装置并且调节所述发动机的皮带的张力。
然而,当在非转动部分的厚度中机加工螺纹时,会在螺纹的侧面上出现毛边。此外,因为螺纹公差难以维持,垂直度的缺陷会出现在滚动轴承的轴线和螺纹孔的轴线之间。
此外,通常在形成滚动轴承的内座圈的非转动部分上进行的表面处理会引起螺纹的薄弱或者甚至破坏。
汽车热力发动机的皮带,特别地正时皮带的故障会对发动机产生相当大的破坏并且折损操作安全性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是要消除现有技术的缺点。
本发明的目的是要提出一种用于张紧辊装置的滚动轴承,其能够确保螺纹孔的轴线和滚动轴承的轴线之间的良好的垂直度,同时制造和组装起来简单。
本发明的目的是一种特别地用于张紧辊的滚动轴承,其包括内座圈、安装成以便围绕内座圈旋转的外座圈以及至少一排布置在内座圈和外座圈之间的滚动元件。所述内座圈包括轴向延伸超过所述外座圈的轴向部分。
所述滚动轴承包括安装到在内座圈的轴向部分中形成的端部开口的孔中的插入件。
因此,螺纹操作不是直接在所述内座圈上进行的。此外,插入件安装到内座圈上可在内座圈的表面处理之后并且特别地在滚动轴承的其它元件的组装之后进行,其减小了滚动轴承的轴线和与该插入件相互作用的螺纹杆的轴线之间的垂直度的缺陷的风险。在插入件中形成的螺纹的公差还可被更容易地维持。
有利地,端部开口的孔的轴线被取向为垂直于滚动轴承的轴线以使插入件被取向为垂直于滚动轴承的轴线。
在一个实施例中,插入件包括一孔,该孔包括带螺纹的中心部分,该带螺纹的中心部分在每个端部的侧部上通过比该螺纹部分的直径更大直径的光滑带而径向延伸。
插入件的孔还可在其整个长度上攻螺纹。
滚动轴承可包括两排滚动元件。
优选地,滚动轴承包括在所述滚动元件的每侧上布置在内座圈和外座圈之间的密封装置。
优选地,外座圈具有外表面,该外表面包括设计来与滑轮相互作用的通道。
有利地,滚动轴承包括用于将插入件附连到内座圈中从而允许插入件的防止旋转和轴向保持的装置。
插入件可包括,在其每个端部,设计为与卷边工具相互作用或通过在内座圈中蒸(braising)、焊接、粘结或受力套管安装而附连到内座圈的凹陷。
根据另一方面,还建议了一种张紧辊装置,其包括滚动轴承以及过模制(overmould)在外座圈上的滑轮。
有利地,插入件适于与螺纹杆相互作用,用于相对于滚动轴承、张紧辊的轴线径向运动。
附图说明
本发明的其他目的、特征和优点将在阅读了以下仅作为非限制例子给出并参照附图的描述之后显现,其中:
图1是根据本发明的滚动轴承的轴向部分的视图;
图2是根据图1的滚动轴承的顶视图;
图3是根据本发明的张紧辊装置的轴向截面的视图。
具体实施方式
如图1和2所示,滚动轴承1,在其轴线X上,包括:内座圈2;外座圈3;两排滚动元件4,5,在此情况下该两排滚动元件被做成滚珠形状,布置在内座圈2和外座圈3的滚道之间;分别保持滚动元件4,5的周向间隔的两个保持架6,7;以及相对于通过两排滚动元件4,5之间的径向平面对称的两个凸缘或密封件8,9。
将注意到,可以将单排的滚动元件布置在座圈2和3之间。
内座圈2形成滚动轴承1的非转动的部分并且包括轴对称的外表面10,在该外表面中,环形的滚道11,12是为滚动元件4,5和用于与密封件8,9的唇部8a,9a接触的环形通道13,14制作的。内座圈2还包括当考虑滚动轴承1的轴线X时轴向延伸超过外座圈3的轴向部分15。轴向部分15包括在滚动轴承的径向方向制作的端部开口的孔15a,其具有轴线Y,并且其中安装有插入件16。孔15a在其旋转外表面15c上具有稍微的倾斜部15b,其是出于机加工内座圈2的考虑以及用于将插入件16安装到内座圈2中。
插入件16因此在径向方向上被取向为垂直于滚动轴承1的轴线X。
如图1所示,插入件16包括具有带螺纹中心部分16a的孔,其中所述中心部分在每个端部的侧部上通过直径比螺纹中心部分16b的直径更大的光滑带16b而径向延伸,以便使其更容易将螺纹杆(未示出)导引到插入件16中。该插入件16包括,在其每个端部处,平行六面体的凹陷16c,在此情况下总共为四个,其被设计为与卷边工具(未示出)相互作用。这些凹陷16c更确切地说适合于接收沿着轴线Y施加径向力的卷边工具的齿,以便当径向力通过卷边工具施加时使得在内座圈2的轴向部分15的孔中的材料变形。卷边工具的径向力还使插入件16的径向端部变形以便在倾斜部15b中形成缘边。因而变形和被推开的材料形成用于内座圈2的孔15a内的插入件16的防止旋转的装置和用于所述插入件16的径向保持的装置。该插入件16因此形成滚动轴承1的一体部分。
作为一变体,可以提供其他附连方式,例如通过蒸,通过焊接,通过粘结,或通过插入件16在内座圈2中的受力的套管安装的附连。
还可以使插入件16的孔在其整个长度上完全攻螺纹。
插入件16是,作为非限制的例子,由烧结钢或容易模制的钢做成。其还可由具有或没有玻璃纤维添加剂的陶瓷材料或塑料材料做成。对插入件16进行机加工和攻螺纹的操作然后被进行以便获得尽可能满意的螺纹公差。
因此,该螺纹操作不是直接在内座圈2上进行的。此外,该插入件16可在内座圈2的表面处理之后,并且特别是在滚动轴承1的其它元件的组装之后,被安装在内座圈2上,其能够尽可能接近地与螺纹公差符合并且获得滚动轴承1的轴线X和插入件16的轴线Y之间的令人满意的垂直度。
安装成以便围绕内座圈2旋转的外座圈3形成滚动轴承1的旋转部分。外座圈3设有孔17,在该孔中两个环形的滚道18,19是为滚动元件4,5而制作的,并且制作了在其中安装密封件8,9的环形通道20,21。密封件8,9提供了与旋转外座圈3的静密封和与非转动内座圈2的动态密封。密封件8,9每个包括与内座圈2的凹槽13,14接触的摩擦唇部8a,9a以及通过窄通路与外座圈3形成密封的非摩擦唇部8b,9b。自然地,该滚动元件可被布置成单排。外座圈3还包括具有与滑轮(在该图中未示出)相互作用的通道23的轴向外旋转表面22。
如图3所示,张紧辊装置30包括滑轮31,该滑轮设有与外座圈3的外表面22的通道23的形状匹配的具有肋的孔32。
滑轮31可通过过模制在诸如聚酰胺的塑料的外座圈3上来获得。这结果是在部件之间出色的粘结。环形的滑轮31具有I字型的轴向截面,其具有被设计为与皮带(未示出)接触的外轴向部分31a、其孔32与外座圈3接触的轴向部分31b、以及提供两个轴向部分31a,31b之间的连接的径向部分31c。如可在图3中看出的,为架子形式的径向肋31d被布置在滑轮32的轴向部分31a,31b之间以便增加其径向刚度。
如图3所示,张紧辊30通常被安装在车辆(未示出)的发动机组上,所述发动机组包括设置为与攻有螺纹的插入件16相互作用的螺纹杆33以便相对于滚动轴承1的轴线X径向移动张紧辊30,从而提供在张紧辊30的箭头F方向上的平移调节。螺纹杆33的螺纹33a与插入件的螺纹相匹配以使通过在图3中未示出的装置安装在发动机上的螺纹杆33通过直径比插入件的螺纹部分16a的直径更大的光滑带16b被导引到插入件16中。螺纹杆33然后被啮合到插入件16的螺纹中以使螺纹杆33的转动转变为张紧辊装置30的在箭头F方向上的平移运动,因而允许与滑轮31接触的发动机皮带的张力的调节。
通过本发明,螺纹操作没有直接在内座圈上进行。此外,插入件在内座圈上的安装可在内座圈的表面处理之后,特别是在滚动轴承的其它元件的组装之后,进行,因此减小了滚动轴承的轴线和与插入件相互作用的螺纹杆的轴线之间的垂直度的缺陷风险。在插入件中形成的螺纹的公差也被更容易地维持。

Claims (12)

1.一种滚动轴承(1),特别地用于张紧辊的滚动轴承(1),包括内座圈(2)、安装成以便围绕内座圈(2)旋转的外座圈(3)以及至少一排布置在所述内座圈(2)和所述外座圈(3)之间的滚动元件(4,5),所述内座圈(2)包括轴向延伸超过外座圈(3)的轴向部分(15),其特征在于,该滚动轴承包括插入件(16),该插入件被安装到在所述内座圈(2)的轴向部分(15)中形成的端部开口的孔(15a)中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的滚动轴承,其中,所述端部开口的孔(15a)的轴线(Y)被取向为垂直于滚动轴承(1)的轴线(X),以使所述插入件(16)被取向为垂直于所述滚动轴承(1)的轴线(X)。
3.根据权利要求1和2之一所述的滚动轴承,其中,所述插入件(16)包括孔,该孔具有带螺纹的中心部分(16a),该中心部分在每个端部的侧部上通过直径比该带螺纹的部分(16a)的直径更大的光滑带(16b)径向延伸。
4.根据权利要求1和2之一所述的滚动轴承,其中,所述插入件(16)的孔(16a,16b)在其整个长度上攻有螺纹。
5.根据前述权利要求之一所述的滚动轴承,包括两排滚动元件(4,5)。
6.根据前述权利要求之一所述的滚动轴承,包括在所述滚动元件(4,5)的每侧上布置在所述内座圈(2)和所述外座圈(3)之间的密封装置(8,9)。
7.根据前述权利要求之一所述的滚动轴承,其中,所述外座圈(3)具有外表面(22),该外表面包括设计成与滑轮(31)相互作用的通道(23)。
8.根据前述权利要求之一所述的滚动轴承,包括用于将插入件(16)附连在内座圈(2)中从而允许插入件(16)的旋转防止和轴向保持的装置。
9.根据权利要求8所述的滚动轴承,其中,所述插入件(16)在其每个端部上包括设计为与卷边工具相互作用的凹陷(16c)。
10.根据权利要求8所述的滚动轴承,其中,所述插入件(16)通过蒸、焊接、粘结或受力套管安装在内座圈(2)中而附连到内座圈(2)。
11.一种张紧辊装置(3),包括根据前述权利要求之一所述的滚动轴承,以及过模制在外座圈(3)上的滑轮(31)。
12.根据权利要求11所述的张紧辊装置,其中,所述插入件(16)适于与螺纹杆(33)相互作用,用于相对于张紧辊(30)、滚动轴承(1)的轴线(X)径向运动。
CN2011104022326A 2010-12-07 2011-12-06 用于张紧辊装置的滚动轴承和相关的张紧辊装置 Pending CN102537029A (zh)

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