CN102536579B - 内燃机起动装置内的自由轮装置 - Google Patents

内燃机起动装置内的自由轮装置 Download PDF

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CN102536579B
CN102536579B CN201110348830.XA CN201110348830A CN102536579B CN 102536579 B CN102536579 B CN 102536579B CN 201110348830 A CN201110348830 A CN 201110348830A CN 102536579 B CN102536579 B CN 102536579B
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device provided
wheel device
free wheel
moving plate
band moving
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CN102536579A (zh
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S·卡斯克
M·施塔尔
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SEG Automotive Germany GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/022—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/043—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the gearing including a speed reducer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
    • F02N15/062—Starter drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/022—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch
    • F02N15/023—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch of the overrunning type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/022—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch
    • F02N15/025—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch of the friction type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/022—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch
    • F02N15/026—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch of the centrifugal type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/043—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the gearing including a speed reducer
    • F02N15/046—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the gearing including a speed reducer of the planetary type

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种内燃机起动装置内的自由轮装置具有带动件，其通过传动机构与电枢轴连接并且该带动件与输出轴连接，该输出轴是起动小齿轮的支架。带动件的一部分构成传动机构支架，其与连接输出轴的带动盘是为分开的。

Description

内燃机起动装置内的自由轮装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种按照权利要求1的前序部分所述的内燃机起动装置内的自由轮装置。
背景技术
在DE19616666A1中描述了一种用于起动装置的自由轮装置，其被构造为位置固定的自由轮并在自由轮功能(空转)期间不轴向移动。自由轮装置设置在电枢轴与输出轴之间，该输出轴是用于起动内燃机而与内燃机的齿圈啮合的接合小齿轮的支架。电枢轴与输出轴之间的运动传递是通过行星齿轮传动机构进行的，该行星齿轮传动机构包括与电枢轴固定连接的太阳轮，该太阳轮与支承在行星架上的行星齿轮啮合，该行星齿轮是自由轮装置的带动件的组成部分。该带动件的另一部分通过夹紧辊与输出轴的套筒连接，其中为了在电枢轴与输出轴之间进行传递转动运动，夹紧辊被容纳在带动部分的被设计为楔形的容纳袋状部内，并且从该容纳袋状部中移出用于自由轮功能。
行星轮通过轴螺栓支承在带动件上，该轴螺栓通过孔容纳在带动件内。轴螺栓被压入到孔内，这需要孔具有精确的形状和严格的直径公差。带动件必须具有足够高的强度以容纳轴螺栓或运行中出现的力和力矩。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，采用简单的结构措施设计一种稳定的起动装置内的自由轮装置。
依据本发明该目的通过权利要求1的特征得以实现。从属权利要求提供了优选的改进方案。
依据本发明的自由轮装置被安装在用于内燃机的起动装置内，通过该起动装置起动车辆中的内燃机。起动装置为此具有驱动电枢轴的驱动电机，该电枢轴通过传动机构与输出轴连接，在该输出轴上设有起动小齿轮。起动小齿轮与内燃机上的齿圈啮合用于起动。
带动件的一部分构成电枢轴与输出轴之间传动机构的传动机构支架。依据本发明规定，作为带动件的两个组成部分，传动机构支架和与输出轴连接的带动盘构成以传递力矩的方式相连接的分开的两个部件。带动件因此包括至少两个单独的、相互独立构成的部件，它们以适当的方式相互连接，用于将从电枢轴开始的旋转运动通过传动机构和带动件的直接沿轴向贴靠的两个部件传递到输出轴上。被实施为彼此独立的部件的实施方式的优点是，每个部件，即传动机构支架和带动盘均可以尽可能最佳的方式与各自的使用目的相适应，也就是说无论是在结构构造还是在材料选择方面相适应。通过传递力矩的连接，确保了将旋转运动传递到输出轴和起动小齿轮上。
依据一种优选的实施方式，传动机构支架和带动盘由不同的材料组成，以便一方面考虑对足够强度的要求以及另一方面可以低成本地制造以及必要时的安装。每个部件的强度如同几何形状那样可与各自的要求相适应。因此例如有利的是，带动盘由高强度的材料制成，例如烧结钢或金属，特别是由必要时以挤压法加工的钢制成。由此确保了通常通过辊子或滚子在径向支承在输出轴的一部分上并向输出轴传递力矩的带动盘可以设有足够强度的楔形凹部或键槽，在这些楔形凹部或键槽中可调节地容纳着滚子或辊子。
传动机构支架相反地由强度较低的材料组成，可以考虑的材料有烧结材料、塑料或必要时也可考虑金属。
带动件的两件式结构的另一个优点在于，带动盘可以在不改变几何形状的情况下既用于向右运行的自由轮，也用于向左运行的自由轮。通过以180°调转安装位置可以使自由轮方向反向。
依据另一种优选的实施方式规定，传动机构支架和带动盘不能相对转动地连接。但原则上这些部件之间具有间隙或扭转弹簧方式的联接足以传递用于驱动起动小齿轮所需的力矩。传动机构支架与带动盘之间的连接例如可以通过压紧或啮合实现。
依据另一种有利的实施方式，传动机构被构造为行星齿轮传动机构，其包括与电枢轴不可转动地连接的太阳轮以及行星架上的行星齿轮，其中行星齿轮与太阳轮啮合。行星架由带动件的传动机构支架构成。行星轮通过轴螺栓容纳在行星架的孔内。孔可以完全穿过行星架，其中行星架优选地具有足够的厚度，以便一方面保证通过轴螺栓可靠地支承行星轮，以及另一方面确保用于吸收相应力和力矩的足够强度。轴螺栓可以被压入到孔中，这需要严格的直径公差用于轴螺栓和行星架的可靠连接。在由塑料、烧结钢或适当的金属加工行星架时，轴螺栓被压入孔内而不会发生行星架扭曲的危险。此外，作为贯通孔的实施方式可以使轴螺栓被简单地插入。
附图说明
其他优点和优选的实施方式由其他权利要求、附图说明和附图得出。其中：
图1以侧视图示出了内燃机的起动装置内的自由轮装置；
图2示出自由轮装置的端侧视图。
在附图中相同的部件具有相同的附图标记。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出用于起动内燃机的起动装置1。起动装置1包括由未示出的电动机驱动的电枢轴3和输出轴4，该输出轴是起动小齿轮5的支架，该起动小齿轮可以在轴向回拉位置与轴向推进位置之间移调，该起动小齿轮在该位置上与内燃机的齿圈啮合。处于电枢轴3与输出轴4之间的是自由轮装置2，其确保只能从起动装置1向内燃机的启动器齿圈进行运动传递，但不能在反方向上进行。因此保证了在内燃机开始转动和加速到高于起动小齿轮的转速时，防止从起动机齿圈向起动小齿轮传递不允许的高加速度。
自由轮装置2通过行星齿轮传动机构6与电枢轴3连接。行星齿轮传动机构6包括不能转动地处于电枢轴3上的太阳轮7以及在带动件侧的多个行星齿轮8，它们支承在带动件10的行星架11上的轴螺栓9上并与太阳轮7啮合。
带动件10除了行星架11外还包括带动盘12，通过该带动盘向输出轴4上进行运动或力矩传递。为此带动盘12如图1结合图2所看到的那样，具有用于容纳辊子或滚子14的楔形容纳袋状部，辊子或滚子紧贴在与输出轴4一体式构成的套筒15的外周面上。该辊子或滚子14通过弹簧元件16被压入带动盘12中的楔形容纳袋状部内。
在啮合过程中，带动件10通过电枢轴3和行星齿轮传动机构6进行旋转运动，这种旋转运动通过圆周上分布的在容纳袋状部中的多个滚子14传递到套筒15上，用于驱动输出轴4。只要内燃机被起动以及内燃机上的起动齿圈具有高于起动小齿轮5的转速，滚子14就从容纳袋状部中运动出来，由此中断力传递行程。
行星架11和带动件10的带动盘12被构造为直接在端侧相互贴靠的两个分开的部件。行星架11和带动盘12例如通过压紧或啮合特别地不能转动地相互联接。带动盘12优选地由高强度材料例如像烧结钢或其他钢组成。相反地，其上加工出用于容纳轴螺栓9的孔的行星架11由较软的材料例如像烧结材料、塑料或允许轴螺栓以小公差压入的金属组成。用于容纳轴螺栓9的孔优选地沿轴向完全穿过行星架11延伸。
具有行星架11和带动盘12的带动件10由覆盖套筒13覆盖。

Claims (13)

1.内燃机起动装置内的自由轮装置，具有带动件(10)，所述带动件通过传动机构(6)与电枢轴(3)连接并且所述带动件与输出轴(4)连接，所述输出轴是起动小齿轮(5)的支架，其中带动件(10)的一部分构成所述传动机构(6)的传动机构支架，其中，所述带动件(10)的传动机构支架和与输出轴连接的带动盘(12)是以传递力矩的方式联接的分开的部件；
其特征在于，所述传动机构支架和带动盘(12)由不同的材料构成，其中，所述带动盘(12)由高强度材料构成，而所述传动机构支架由相对较软的高强度材料构成。
2.按照权利要求1所述的自由轮装置，其特征在于，所述传动机构支架由烧结材料制成。
3.按照权利要求1所述的自由轮装置，其特征在于，所述传动机构支架由塑料制成。
4.按照权利要求1所述的自由轮装置，其特征在于，所述传动机构支架由金属制成。
5.按照权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的自由轮装置，其特征在于，所述带动盘(12)由烧结钢制成。
6.按照权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的自由轮装置，其特征在于，所述带动盘(12)是挤压件。
7.按照权利要求1所述的自由轮装置，其特征在于，所述传动机构支架和带动盘(12)不能相对转动地连接。
8.按照权利要求1所述的自由轮装置，其特征在于，所述传动机构支架和带动盘(12)通过压紧相互连接。
9.按照权利要求1所述的自由轮装置，其特征在于，所述传动机构支架和带动盘(12)通过啮合相互连接。
10.按照权利要求1所述的自由轮装置，其特征在于，所述传动机构是行星齿轮传动机构(6)，以及所述传动机构支架是行星架(11)。
11.按照权利要求10所述的自由轮装置，其特征在于，所述行星架(11)是行星齿轮(8)的支架，所述行星齿轮通过轴螺栓(9)保持在行星架(11)上。
12.按照权利要求11所述的自由轮装置，其特征在于，所述轴螺栓(9)被安装在所述行星架(11)的孔内，其中所述孔穿过所述行星架(11)。
13.一种内燃机起动装置，所述内燃机起动装置具有按照权利要求1至12中任意一项所述的自由轮装置。
CN201110348830.XA 2010-09-09 2011-09-07 内燃机起动装置内的自由轮装置 Expired - Fee Related CN102536579B (zh)

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DE102013020327B4 (de) * 2013-12-05 2022-05-25 Borgwarner Inc. Starterfreilauf und Freilaufanordnung mit einem solchen Starterfreilauf
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CN102536579A (zh) 2012-07-04

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