CN102534314B - Lanthanum-hexaboride-reinforced aluminum-silicon-base composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Lanthanum-hexaboride-reinforced aluminum-silicon-base composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of metal materials, and relates to a lanthanum-hexaboride-reinforced aluminum-silicon-base composite material and a preparation method thereof. The composite material is composed of a matrix alloy and a reinforcing phase. The invention is characterized in that the matrix alloy contains a lanthanum hexaboride reinforcing phase which is dispersively distributed; and the composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5.00-20.00% of silicon, 0.68-6.82% of lanthanum, 0.32-3.18% of boron and the balance of aluminum. The preparation method comprises the following steps: melting technically pure aluminum, industrial crystalline silicon and aluminum-boron alloy in a smelting furnace according to certain mass ratio, heating to 800-1200 DEG C, keeping the temperature for 5-10 minutes, adding a proper amount of technically pure lanthanum into the melt, carrying out in-situ reaction for 10-15 minutes, refining, and casting, thereby obtaining the lanthanum-hexaboride-particle-reinforced aluminum-silicon-base composite material. The invention can be implemented by a common smelting technique under atmospheric conditions, has the advantages of no pollution, low cost, simple technique and high production efficiency, and is suitable for large-scale production and application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material field, particularly a kind of lanthanum hexaborane strengthens aluminium silicon based composite material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Aluminum silicon alloy has good castability because of it, little as shrinking percentage, mobile high, resistance to air loss is good and hot cracking tendency is little etc., after rotten the processing, also have good mechanical performance, physicals and machinability, thereby have a wide range of applications in fields such as aerospace, automotive industrys.But the needs of energy-saving and emission-reduction are promoting this aluminum alloy materials to be developed to directions such as high specific strength, high specific stiffness, high temperature resistant, antifatigues.Particles reiforced metal-base composition is the advantage of matrix alloy and wild phase comprehensively, improves the use properties of material, thereby has solved the current problem that faces of material to a great extent.
At present both at home and abroad at the existing more report of the research of particle-reinforced aluminum silicon based composite material, as document [Banqiu Wu, Ramana G.Reddy.In-situ formation of SiC-reinforced Al-Si alloy composites using Methane gas mixtures.Metallurgical and Materials Transaction B.2002,33 (4): 543-550] reported that a kind of silicon-carbide particle strengthens aluminium silicon based composite material and preparation method thereof, but this technology is extremely complicated, reaction process is difficult to control, is unfavorable for scale operation; The patent No. is that 99114272.1 Chinese patent has been reported a kind of titanium carbide reinforced antiwear aluminium alloy and preparation technology thereof, but the TiC particle is extremely unstable in the silicon-aluminum containing melt, easily is decomposed into Al
4C
3Thereby, influenced its strengthening effect to matrix alloy; Document [Yanfeng Han, Xiangfa Liu, Xiufang Bian.In-situ TiB2particulate reinforced near eutectic Al-Si alloy composites.Composites:Part A2002,33:439-444] reported a kind of TiB
2Particle-reinforced aluminum silicon based composite material and preparation method thereof, TiB in the alloy
2Particle has more serious gathering tendency, and this has restricted its application in industrial production.
Lanthanum hexaborane has advantages such as high-melting-point, high strength, wear-resisting and good thermostability and chemical stability, is the desirable wild phase of aluminium silicon based composite material.Simultaneously, it has similar crystalline structure and low lattice misfit degree to aluminium, makes it have certain refining effect to α-Al.If with its wild phase as aluminum silicon alloy, then can not only strengthen matrix alloy, can also play refining effect to the α-Al in the alloy.In addition, pattern and the size of lanthanum hexaborane in molten aluminium is regulatable, and this further provides condition for its application in the aluminium silicon based composite material.Yet, do not report as yet about the research of this respect both at home and abroad at present.
Summary of the invention
The lanthanum hexaborane that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of homogeneous microstructure, excellent property strengthens the aluminium silicon based composite material, and provide that a kind of technology is simple, environmental friendliness, cost are low, the preparation method that is fit to suitability for industrialized production.
The present invention realizes in the following manner:
A kind of lanthanum hexaborane strengthens the aluminium silicon based composite material, is made up of matrix alloy and wild phase, it is characterized in that containing the lanthanum hexaborane wild phase, and the mass percent of each component is silicon 5.00-20.00%, lanthanum 0.68-6.82%, and boron 0.32-3.18%, all the other are aluminium.
Above-mentioned lanthanum hexaborane strengthens the preparation method of aluminium silicon based composite material, and its feature may further comprise the steps:
(1) be ready to desired raw material by following mass percent: the industrial crystallization silicon of 5.00%-20.00%, the aluminium-boron alloy of 10.67%-63.60%, the technical pure lanthanum of 0.68%-6.82%, all the other are commercial-purity aluminium; Wherein, the boron quality percentage composition in the aluminium-boron alloy is 0.50-5.00%;
(2) commercial-purity aluminium, industrial crystallization silicon and aluminium-boron alloy are placed smelting furnace fusing and be warming up to 800-1200 ℃, be incubated 5-10 minute;
(3) add the technical pure lanthanum in this melt, refining after reaction in 10-15 minute, cast can obtain lanthanum hexaboride and strengthen the aluminium silicon based composite material.
Above-mentioned lanthanum hexaborane strengthens the preparation method of aluminium silicon based composite material, and after it is characterized in that in the step (3) adding the technical pure lanthanum in melt, the boron that fuses in the melt and lanthanum reaction in generate lanthanum hexaboride.
Utilize the lanthanum hexaboride of the inventive method preparation to strengthen in the aluminium silicon based composite material, lanthanum hexaboride is directly to generate through reaction in, and surface cleaning, pollution-free is combined with basal body interface, and can disperse distribute in matrix alloy.Size of particles is the 1-6 micron, and pattern is the cubes of rule.Simultaneously, owing to lanthanum hexaborane and aluminium have similar crystalline structure and low lattice misfit degree.Therefore, the lanthanum hexaboride of generation not only can reinforced aluminum silicon alloy matrix, also α-Al is had certain refining effect.The present invention adopts common melting technology to realize under atmospheric condition, and is pollution-free, cost is low, technology is simple, production efficiency is high, thereby is particularly suitable for large-scale production and application.In addition, by methods such as organization optimization, alloying and modifying-refinings, can obtain the more excellent lanthanum hexaboride of mechanical property and strengthen the aluminum silicon alloy based composites.
Embodiment
Provide three preferred example of the present invention below.
Embodiment 1
(1) is ready to desired raw material by following mass percent: 60.96% commercial-purity aluminium, 5.00% industrial crystallization silicon, 32.00% aluminium-boron alloy, 2.04% technical pure lanthanum; Wherein, the quality percentage composition of boron is 3.00% in the aluminium-boron alloy alloy.
(2) commercial-purity aluminium, industrial crystallization silicon and aluminium-boron alloy are placed smelting furnace fusing and be warming up to 800 ℃, be incubated 5 minutes.
(3) add the technical pure lanthanum in melt, reaction in refining after 10 minutes, cast can obtain the aluminium silicon based composite material that lanthanum hexaboride strengthens.
Composite material compositions with this method preparation is: Al-5%Si-3%LaB
6
Embodiment 2
(1) is ready to desired raw material by following mass percent: 14.58% commercial-purity aluminium, 13.00% industrial crystallization silicon, 63.60% aluminium-boron alloy, 6.82% technical pure lanthanum; Wherein, the quality percentage composition of boron is 5.00% in the aluminium-boron alloy alloy;
(2) commercial-purity aluminium, industrial crystallization silicon and aluminium-boron alloy are placed smelting furnace fusing and be warming up to 1000 ℃, be incubated 10 minutes;
(3) add the technical pure lanthanum in melt, reaction in refining after 15 minutes, cast can obtain the aluminium silicon based composite material that lanthanum hexaboride strengthens.
Composite material compositions with this method preparation is: Al-13%Si-10%LaB
6
Embodiment 3
(1) is ready to desired raw material by following mass percent: 36.84% commercial-purity aluminium, 20.00% industrial crystallization silicon, 39.75% aluminium-boron alloy, 3.41% technical pure lanthanum; Wherein, the quality percentage composition of boron is 4.00% in the aluminium-boron alloy alloy;
(2) commercial-purity aluminium, industrial crystallization silicon and aluminium-boron alloy are placed smelting furnace fusing and be warming up to 1200 ℃, be incubated 5 minutes;
(3) add the technical pure lanthanum in melt, reaction in refining after 10 minutes, cast can obtain the aluminium silicon based composite material that lanthanum hexaboride strengthens.
Composite material compositions with this method preparation is: Al-20%Si-5%LaB
6
Claims (2)
1. a lanthanum hexaborane strengthens the aluminium silicon based composite material, formed by aluminium silicon substrate alloy and wild phase, it is characterized in that wild phase is lanthanum hexaborane, the mass percent of each component is silicon 5.00-20.00%, lanthanum 0.68-6.82%, boron 0.32-3.18% in the matrix material, all the other are aluminium.
2. strengthen the preparation method of aluminium silicon based composite material according to the described lanthanum hexaborane of claim 1, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) be ready to desired raw material by following mass percent: the industrial crystallization silicon of 5.00%-20.00%, the aluminium-boron alloy of 10.67%-63.60%, the technical pure lanthanum of 0.68%-6.82%, all the other are commercial-purity aluminium; Wherein, the boron quality percentage composition in the aluminium-boron alloy is 0.50-5.00%;
(2) commercial-purity aluminium, industrial crystallization silicon and aluminium-boron alloy are placed smelting furnace fusing and be warming up to 800-1200 ℃, be incubated 5-10 minute;
(3) add the technical pure lanthanum in this melt, refining after reaction in 10-15 minute, cast can obtain lanthanum hexaboride and strengthen the aluminium silicon based composite material.
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| CN103215477B (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2015-07-08 | 山东大学 | Preparation method of calcium-hexaboride-reinforced aluminum matrix composite |
| CN105967199B (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2018-02-02 | 东南大学 | A kind of preparation method of lanthanum hexaboride powder |
| CN106048273B (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2018-09-21 | 东南大学 | A kind of aluminium silicon lanthanum boron quaternary intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof |
| RU2697683C1 (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-08-16 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский технологический университет "МИСиС" | Method for production of ingots from aluminum-matrix composite alloy |
| CN113278853B (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-08-23 | 上海理工大学 | High-hardness AlSi10Mg @ Gr composite material and product forming method thereof |
| CN113355565B (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2022-04-15 | 山东宏和轻量化科技有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant welded aluminum alloy suitable for extrusion casting and preparation method thereof |
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| CN100554463C (en) * | 2004-04-14 | 2009-10-28 | 北京科技大学 | The preparation method of a kind of original position TiB2 and the compound reinforced aluminum matrix composites of aluminium sesquioxide |
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