CN108149131A - A kind of method for preparing the heat-resisting gray cast iron of tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced - Google Patents
A kind of method for preparing the heat-resisting gray cast iron of tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced Download PDFInfo
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- CN108149131A CN108149131A CN201810066616.7A CN201810066616A CN108149131A CN 108149131 A CN108149131 A CN 108149131A CN 201810066616 A CN201810066616 A CN 201810066616A CN 108149131 A CN108149131 A CN 108149131A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
- C22C37/08—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium with nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/08—Manufacture of cast-iron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the methods that cast iron materials field, particularly a kind of silicon carbide tungsten carbide particle enhance heat-resisting gray cast iron.The mixed-powder in activated carbon, graphite, superfine nano silicon dioxide powder, carborundum powder, tungsten carbide powder, tungsten powder, petroleum coke (or coal tar) is blown into gray cast iron melt by the mixed gas of carbon dioxide, methane, argon gas and oxygen, enhancing particle is generated by reacting, the present invention is being that generation is reacted in gray cast iron melt because enhancing particle to be, solves the problems such as additional particle is poor with matrix alloy wetability, easily generation interfacial reaction and structure stability is poor.Particle enhancing gray cast iron material can play the advantage of gray cast iron matrix and reinforced phase simultaneously, significantly improve intensity, elasticity modulus, hardness and the wearability of gray cast iron.Particle enhances gray cast iron material because its is of low cost simultaneously, and intensity, rigidity are high, formerly has wide practical use into modern industrial process fields such as manufactures.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cast iron materials field, to prepare tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced resistance to more particularly to a kind of
The method of hot gray cast iron.
Background technology
Iron-carbon alloy of the phosphorus content more than 2.11% is known as cast iron, and the carbon in gray cast iron is largely or entirely with free state
Flake graphite form, fracture gray has certain mechanical property and good is cut processing performance, extensive use
In industrial production.In order to improve gray cast iron, industrial quarters usually uses inoculation more for improving Mechanical Properties of Grey Cast Iron at present
Come obtain with fine pearlite matrix and fine uniform distribution flake graphite structure, the inoculation cast iron of acquisition can be in gray cast iron
High-strength cast iron is obtained on the basis of existing mechanical property.Recently as the requirement for developing high-end electronic product, to cast iron
The requirement needs of mechanical property further improve, and particle enhancing gray cast iron material can play gray cast iron matrix and reinforced phase simultaneously
Advantage, significantly improve intensity, elasticity modulus, hardness and the wearability of gray cast iron.Particle enhances gray cast iron material because of it simultaneously
Of low cost, intensity, rigidity are high, formerly have wide practical use into modern industrial process fields such as manufactures.
For gray cast iron material, under the premise of high intensity, high rigidity is required；Gray cast iron is required to still maintain fine simultaneously
Damping performance, certain toughness, high hardness and wearability, this for gray cast iron material industrial production extensively using to close
It is important.But the rigidity of gray cast iron material, intensity, hardness and wearability needs further improve at present, so as to reach higher
Intensity, heat resistance and wearability, while further expand gray cast iron application field, especially in engine cylinder body field
Using.
It is resistance to enhance using nontoxic, free of contamination silicon carbide-carbon tungsten particle is added in gray cast iron based on above-mentioned purpose
The method of the intensity of hot gray cast iron material, good toughness and hardness.The chemical composition of the heat-resisting gray cast iron basis material of the present invention
And weight percent is：C：2.6-3.0, Ni：1-1.5, Cr：0.2-0.4, P：0.01-0.05, S：0.03-0.15, Sn：0.01-
0.1.The existing heat-resisting gray cast iron in China proposes in patent 201210329569.3 and 201210404904.1 at present
Using inoculation or the addition elements such as rare earth in casting process, the toughness of heat-resisting gray cast iron material, hardness and resistance to can be improved
Mill property, but to reach higher intensity and wearability, it needs further to be studied.The present invention proposes a kind of processing technology
Stabilization, non-pollution discharge, can increase low production cost in the silicon carbide-carbon tungsten particle of conventional melting condition undertissue production
The preparation method of strong heat-resisting gray cast iron material, the intensity of more traditional heat-resisting gray cast iron material, toughness, hardness, wearability and resistance to
It is hot to be substantially improved.Therefore, reach the heat-resisting gray cast iron material power of enhancing by adding silicon carbide-carbon tungsten particle in the present invention
Learn the purpose of performance.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is：It is to overcome the above-mentioned prior art insufficient, a kind of stable processing technology, production cost is provided
Cheap, non-pollution discharge, the silicon carbide-carbon tungsten particle that can be produced in conventional melting condition undertissue enhance heat-resisting gray cast iron material
The preparation method of material, intensity, toughness, hardness, heat resistance and the wearability of more traditional heat-resisting gray cast iron material are substantially improved.
The technical solution of patent of the present invention is：The present invention is a kind of silicon carbide-carbon tungsten particle enhancing gray cast iron material
Preparation method is mixed the precursor of tungsten carbide-silicon-carbide particle by the mixed gas of carbon dioxide, methane, argon gas and oxygen
It closes powder to be blown into gray cast iron melt, self-propagating combustion synthetic reaction is generated during being blown into, it is ultra-fine by reacting generation
Tungsten carbide-carbofrax strengthening particle presses silver powder and copper powders with the heat-resisting gray cast iron melt of tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced
Mass percent is 1:99 ratio is added melting, using mechanization mixing, Metamorphism treatment, refining, cast, obtains
It obtains ingot casting and the tungsten carbide with anti-microbial property-SiC particles reinforced heat-resistance high-strength is obtained by high pressure torsion severe plastic deformation
Spend gray cast iron material.
The precursor mixing preparation method of tungsten carbide-silicon-carbide particle：By tungsten powder, silicon dioxide powder using the anhydrous second of addition
Alcohol simultaneously stirs evenly, by sonic oscillation handle 5 minutes-after ten minutes, then add in nano-scale active powdered carbon, continue to surpass
Sound oscillation is transferred to after handling -50 minutes 10 minutes in crucible, then under 1550-1800 DEG C of high-temperature calcination and is protected in a vacuum furnace
Temperature 3 hours, furnace cooling and then grinding;Finally obtain the ultrafine tungsten powder, tungsten carbide that average particle size is 40 nanometers -100 nanometers
The precursor powder of powder, silicon dioxide powder and silicon carbide mixing powder particles；
SiO2+3C=（Electric furnace）SiC+2CO↑
2W+C=W2C
W+C=WC
The volume proportion of each component is methane in each mixed gas in above-mentioned preparation method（8-45）：Argon gas（8-35）：Oxygen（8-
35）：Carbon dioxide（8-70）；The pressure of mixed gas is 0.05-0.3MPa, gas flow 0.02-0.15m3/min.Dioxy
Change carbon for providing C element, carbon dioxide and oxygen is used to provide O elements.Argon gas is diluent, for reaction speed and
Particle growth rate.Activated carbon and graphite are for providing carbon, and for providing silicon carbide, tungsten powder is used to provide silicon dioxide powder
Wolfram element.Ultrafine tungsten powder, tungsten carbide powder, silicon dioxide powder and silicon carbide mixing powder particles precursor powder addition be alloy
The 5% of melt weight
Silicon carbide-carbon tungsten particle enhances the preparation method of heat-resisting gray cast iron material, the temperature 1480-1560 of gray cast iron melt
℃.The time of reaction generation enhancing particle is 10-60 minutes, and the time of the higher reaction generation enhancing particle of granule content requirement is more
It is long.
（1）Increased response is mutually SiC, WC and the SiO synthesized under melt state2Particle mainly occurs under melt state
Following reaction：
CO2+Si=SiO2+2[C]
CO2+Si=SiC+2[O]
SiO2+3[C]=SiC+2CO↑
O2+Si=SiO2
C+Si=SiC
CH4+Si=SiC+2H2
2W+C=W2C
W+C=WC
And the reaction of two kinds of products also has decomposition and further reaction between each other, is one and promotes and decompose mutually
Equilibrium process, so as to reach final balanced reaction speed.The size for enhancing particle is 0.1-1 μm.By to reaction time, anti-
Composition of temperature, mixed gas etc. is answered to carry out associated adjustment, the composition of reaction generation enhancing particle can be controlled（SiC, WC and
SiO2Ratio）, particle size, quantity and distribution, so as to meet the requirement of different parts.
The present invention matrix be using the chemical composition and weight percent of alloy：C：2.6-3.0, Ni：1-1.5, Cr：
0.2-0.4, P：0.01-0.05, S：0.03-0.15, Sn：0.01-0.1.Alloy melting can be required to carry out by mentioned component
Melting provides.In the melting in resistance heating crucible furnace of gray cast iron basis material, pass through carbon dioxide, methane, argon gas and oxygen
Mixed gas the precursor mixed-powder of tungsten carbide-silicon-carbide particle is blown into gray cast iron melt, during being blown into
Generate self-propagating combustion synthetic reaction, by reaction generate ultrafine tungsten carbide-carbofrax strengthening particle, into melting tungsten carbide-
Add silver powder and copper powders in the heat-resisting gray cast iron material melt of SiC particles reinforced again, wherein silver powder and copper powders adds
Add ratio to be 50：50, the quality of silver powder and copper powders in the heat-resisting gray cast iron material of tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced
Content is 1%, and silver powder and copper powders are pressed quality percentage with tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced heat-resisting gray cast iron material melt
Than being 1:99 ratio is added melting, and the silver powder and copper powders added into hot gray cast iron melt are to pass through mechanization
The average particle degree that ball-milling method obtains for 24 hours is 40 nanometers -100 nanometers of particle；It is mixed by mechanization, rotten place
Reason, refining, cast, that is, obtain the heat-resisting gray cast iron material ingot casting of tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced, obtains ingot casting in 400-500
It DEG C is deformed by high pressure torsion, high pressure torsion machined parameters are：The rotating speed of pressure head is 500rpm, lower pressure is 1GPa, tests table
Bright the obtained heat-resisting gray cast iron of tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced has high-strength tenacity, can finally obtain intensity, toughness, resistance to
The gray cast iron material that hot and hardness is substantially improved.
The silicon carbide-carbon tungsten particle enhances heat-resisting gray cast iron material without special equipment（Without vacuum melting furnace,
The equipment such as high temperature and pressure）, can organize to produce in conventional gray cast irons factory, the molten cast iron after melting directly be poured into previously prepared
In good casting mold, artificial tooth is made after cooling, small investment of the present invention is quick, and can quickly recoup capital outlay cost.
Compared with existing gray cast iron technology, silicon carbide-carbon tungsten particle enhances the preparation method tool of heat-resisting gray cast iron material
It has the following advantages：
（1）Heat resistance, wearability, intensity and property significantly improve, and the poor mechanical property for being spaced 2 hours cast samples is less than 6%, this
It is beneficial to high-volume, the steady production of small-size materials.It is tiny to enhance particle size, is evenly distributed, structure stability is high, table
Face is pollution-free, with being well combined in gray cast iron matrix.The room-temperature mechanical property and wear-resisting property of material significantly improve, and are especially suitable for
In the application of material, aerospace key components and parts etc..
（2）Structure of cast iron stability is good, will not decompose toxic gas or dissolved matter, is beneficial to the health of customer,
The present invention is being that generation is reacted in gray cast iron melt because enhancing particle to be, solves additional particle and cast iron matrix wetability
The problems such as interfacial reaction and structure stability are poor easily occurs for difference.Because the particle size of generation is small, caused by the difference in specific gravity on
Floating/subsidence velocity is small, is not easy to be segregated, and the technology stability of production is high.
(3) copper and silver metal in the heat-resisting gray cast iron material of tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced are obtained and is combined and is resisted with wide spectrum
Pseudomonas property increases the application range of the material.
Description of the drawings
Here is that specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Fig. 1 obtains the optics microstructure photo that silicon carbide-carbon tungsten particle enhances the sample of heat-resisting gray cast iron material；
Fig. 2 obtains the true stress and strain curve that silicon carbide-carbon tungsten particle enhances the sample of heat-resisting gray cast iron material.
Enhance heat-resisting gray cast iron optical photograph from silicon carbide-carbon tungsten particle shown in FIG. 1 and can be seen that WC, SiC particulate
Uniform distribution can greatly improve resistance to in sample, including uniform WC, SiC particulate in the matrix of heat-resisting gray cast iron
The mechanical property of hot gray cast iron.From silicon carbide-carbon tungsten particle shown in Fig. 2 enhance heat-resisting gray cast iron sample stretch trus stress-
Strain curve, it can be seen that intensity improves 180.6% compared with conventional specimen.
Specific embodiment
Highly preferred embodiment of the present invention is given below：According to chemical composition ranges, the melting sheet in resistance heating crucible furnace
Invent heat-resisting gray cast iron.The chemical composition and weight percent of gray cast iron basis material of the present invention be：C：2.6-3.0, Ni：1-
1.5, Cr：0.2-0.4, P：0.01-0.05, S：0.03-0.15, Sn：0.01-0.1.Metal bath is heated to 1520 DEG C, is led to
It crosses mentioned component requirement alloy melting and melting offer is provided.In the melting in resistance heating crucible furnace of gray cast iron basis material, lead to
The precursor mixed-powder of tungsten carbide-silicon-carbide particle is blown into ash by the mixed gas for crossing carbon dioxide, methane, argon gas and oxygen
In molten cast iron, self-propagating combustion synthetic reaction is generated during being blown into, ultrafine tungsten carbide-silicon carbide is generated by reaction
Enhance particle, be blown into molten cast iron, gas pressure 0.1Mpa, 0.05 m of gas flow3/ Min, 10 minutes time, mixed powder
Addition is the 5% of molten cast iron weight, into melting in the heat-resisting gray cast iron material melt of tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced again
Silver powder and copper powders are added, wherein the adding proportion of silver powder and copper powders is is 50：50, silver powder and copper powders are in carbon
It is 1% to change the mass content in the heat-resisting gray cast iron material of tungsten-SiC particles reinforced, by silver powder and copper powders and tungsten carbide-carbon
It is 1 by mass percentage that silicon carbide particle, which enhances heat-resisting gray cast iron material melt,:99 ratio is added melting, to hot gray cast iron
The silver powder and copper powders added in melt be by the average particle degree that mechanization ball-milling method 24 hours obtains for 40 nanometers-
100 nanometers of particle；Metamorphism treatment and refining treatment, running castings are carried out again, then are kept the temperature, and respectively at 20 points, 80 points of cast
Casting obtains the heat-resisting gray cast iron of tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced by mechanization mixing, Metamorphism treatment, refining, cast
Material ingot casting obtains ingot casting and is deformed at 400-500 DEG C by high pressure torsion, and high pressure torsion machined parameters are：The rotating speed of pressure head is
500rpm, lower pressure be 1GPa, type.Then T6 processing is carried out, and is tested for the property.The experimental results showed that silicon carbide-carbon
Tungsten particle enhances heat-resisting gray cast iron material tensile strength as 442.5Mpa, Brinell hardness 245, corrosive nature：Weightless ratio is
0.01725%, cost is 3 yuan/Kg.422.1 Mpa of room temperature tensile strength, Brinell hardness 257, corrosivity after such as keeping the temperature 80 minutes
Energy：Weightless ratio is 0.01758%, and cost is 3 yuan/Kg.It can be seen that silicon carbide-carbon tungsten particle enhancing of the present invention is resistance to simultaneously
Although the price of hot gray cast iron material is slightly above traditional gray cast iron, the tensile strength of material of the present invention, wearability, especially firmly
Degree and structure stability all significantly improve, and stable processing technique is good, convenient for producing in enormous quantities.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method for preparing the heat-resisting gray cast iron of tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced, it is characterized in that passing through carbon dioxide, first
The precursor mixed-powder of tungsten carbide-silicon-carbide particle is blown into gray cast iron melt by the mixed gas of alkane, argon gas and oxygen,
Self-propagating combustion synthetic reaction is generated during being blown into, ultrafine tungsten carbide-carbofrax strengthening particle is generated by reaction, it will be silver-colored
Powder and copper powders and the heat-resisting gray cast iron melt of tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced are 1 by mass percentage:99 ratio carries out
Melting is added, using mechanization mixing, Metamorphism treatment, refining, cast, ingot casting is obtained and passes through the violent plasticity of high pressure torsion
Deformation obtains the tungsten carbide with anti-microbial property-SiC particles reinforced heat-resistant high-strength gray cast iron material；
（a）The chemical composition and mass fraction of gray cast iron basis material be：C：2.6-3.0, Ni：1-1.5, Cr：0.2-0.4, P：
0.01-0.05, S：0.03-0.15, Sn：0.01-0.1；
（b）The volume proportion of each component is methane in mixed gas（8-45）：Argon gas（8-35）：Oxygen（8-35）：Carbon dioxide
（8-70）；The pressure of mixed gas is 0.05-0.3MPa, gas flow 0.02-0.15m3/min；
（c）The precursor mixing preparation method of tungsten carbide-silicon-carbide particle：By tungsten powder, silicon dioxide powder using the anhydrous second of addition
Alcohol simultaneously stirs evenly, by sonic oscillation handle 5 minutes-after ten minutes, then add in nano-scale active powdered carbon, continue to surpass
Sound oscillation is transferred to after handling -50 minutes 10 minutes in crucible, then under 1550-1800 DEG C of high-temperature calcination and is protected in a vacuum furnace
Temperature 3 hours, furnace cooling and then grinding;Finally obtain the ultrafine tungsten powder, tungsten carbide that average particle size is 40 nanometers -100 nanometers
The precursor powder of powder, silicon dioxide powder and silicon carbide mixing powder particles；
（d）Ultrafine tungsten powder, tungsten carbide powder, silicon dioxide powder and silicon carbide mixing powder particles precursor powder addition be alloy
The 5% of melt weight；
（e）The silver powder and copper powders added into hot gray cast iron melt are put down by what mechanization ball-milling method obtained for 24 hours
The particle that equal graininess is 40 nanometers -100 nanometers.
2. a kind of method for preparing the heat-resisting gray cast iron of tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced according to claim 1, feature
It is the Mn members that gray cast iron basis material melt contains the C element that mass percent is 2.6-3.0, mass percent is 0.8-1.3
Element, the Mn elements that mass percent is 1-1.5,1480-1560 DEG C of the temperature of gray cast iron melt.
3. a kind of method for preparing the heat-resisting gray cast iron of tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced according to claim 1, feature
It is：The time of reaction generation enhancing particle is 15-60 minutes, and the time of the higher reaction generation enhancing particle of granule content requirement is more
It is long.
4. a kind of method for preparing the heat-resisting gray cast iron of tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced according to claim 1, feature
It is：Silver powder and copper powders are added again in the heat-resisting gray cast iron material melt of tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced into melting, wherein
The adding proportion of silver powder and copper powders is is 50：50, silver powder and copper powders are heat-resisting in tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced
Mass content in gray cast iron material is 1%, by silver powder and copper powders and the heat-resisting gray cast iron of tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced
Material melt is 1 by mass percentage:99 ratio is added melting, by mechanization mixing, Metamorphism treatment, essence
Refining, cast, that is, obtain the heat-resisting gray cast iron material ingot casting of tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced.
5. a kind of method for preparing the heat-resisting gray cast iron of tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced according to claim 1, feature
It is：It obtains ingot casting to deform by high pressure torsion at 400-500 DEG C, high pressure torsion machined parameters are：The rotating speed of pressure head for 500rpm,
Lower pressure is 1GPa, and test shows that the obtained heat-resisting gray cast iron of tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced has high-strength tenacity.
6. a kind of method for preparing the heat-resisting gray cast iron of tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced according to claim 1, feature
It is：Obtaining copper and silver metal in the heat-resisting gray cast iron material of tungsten carbide-SiC particles reinforced and combining has broad-spectrum antiseptic attribute, increases
The big application range of the material.
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| CN110205527A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-06 | 江西理工大学 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing Al-Mg-Si alloy wire rod and preparation method thereof |
| CN111020261A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-17 | 合肥水泥研究设计院有限公司 | Preparation process of SiC composite wear-resistant particles |
| CN112176146A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2021-01-05 | 南京辉腾机械铸造有限公司 | Molten iron smelting additive and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20180612 |