CN102526354B - 一种用于病毒性疾病的中药 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于病毒性疾病的中药，它由以下重量份数的原料制成：蟾衣5~10、八角25~35、藿香10~15、金银花10~15、蒲公英15~20、白头翁20~25、大青叶25~30、板蓝根10~15、柴胡8~13。本发明用于禽流感、亚型禽流感、鸡马立克病、新城疫、禽白血病、传然性法氏囊病、传染性支气管炎、病毒性关节炎、减蛋综合症、传染性发育障碍综合症等多种病毒性疾病。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于病毒性疾病的中药。
背景技术
从疫病监测情况看，近年来，国内外禽流感、压型禽流感、鸡马立克病、新城疫、禽白血病、传然性法氏囊病、传染性支气管炎、病毒性关节炎、减蛋综合症、传染性发育障碍综合症等病毒性疾病，病原体变异和混合感染的现象较为普遍，发生频次偏高，有些病还呈现地方性流行的特点，导致疾病的临床表现比较复杂，所以对多种病毒性疾病的防控迫在眉睫。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种用于病毒性疾病的中药。
本发明的技术方案是：一种用于病毒性疾病的中药，它由以下重量份数的原料制成：蟾衣5~10、八角25~35、藿香10~15、金银花10~15、蒲公英15~20、白头翁20~25、大青叶25~30、板蓝根10~15、柴胡8~13。
用于病毒性疾病的中药优选由以下重量份数的原料制成：蟾衣6~8、八角28~32、藿香12~14、金银花12~14、蒲公英16~18、白头翁22~24、大青叶26~28、板蓝根12~14、柴胡10~12。
用于病毒性疾病的中药最优由以下重量份数的原料制成：蟾衣7、八角30、藿香13、金银花13、蒲公英17、白头翁23、大青叶27、板蓝根13、柴胡11。
用于病毒性疾病的中药，它还包括以下重量份数的辅料：车前子10~14、黄芩8~10、苏叶25~30、甘草15~20、陈皮15~20、杏仁6~10、连翘10~12、桑叶20~26。
上述中药可以传统熬制，也可以按如下方法：
a、将各成分按重量份称取，分别采用超微粉碎和细胞壁破壁技术，进行初步处理，超微粉是粉碎粒度95%达到粒径在5~~10UM，所用机械冲击式粉碎机、气流式粉碎机、球磨式粉碎机；
b、将a步处理好的各成分分别进行水提取，首先浸泡1-2小时，用水量以浸没原材料为准，再用热回流提取5-8小时，之后进行过滤，取滤液浓缩至原浸出液的1/100，变成流浸膏状；
c、再次分别对水提取过的药渣再进行2次低温醇沉提取，首先在药渣里加入3-5倍体积比的80%乙醇进行低温醇沉12-24小时，然后再加入3-5倍体积比的95%乙醇进行低温醇沉12-24小时，过滤去残渣，滤液进行减压回收乙醇；
d、合并步骤b、c所制备出的两种提取液，用纯水稀释至处方量的1g/ml，加入防腐剂和抗氧化剂混匀后灭菌，4℃保存备用。
药物的用法及用量：
每100克药兑水600kg自由饮用；或每100克拌料300kg连用3-5天。也可根据病情酌情增减或遵医嘱。
蟾衣中所含蟾毒内酯、蟾毒素：其成分是可抑制和消灭癌肿细胞，能够阻止癌肿细胞复发，蟾毒内酯是蟾衣中独有的物质，是抑制病毒扩散的重要物质。八角功效：散寒，理气，止痛，水煎剂对人型结核杆菌及枯草杆菌有抑菌作用。藿香味辛；性微温。归肺；脾；胃经。祛暑解表；化湿和胃。用于夏令感冒；寒热头痛；胸脘痞闷；呕吐泄泻；妊娠呕吐；鼻渊；手；足癣。金银花自古被誉为清热解毒的良药。它性甘寒气芳香，甘寒清热而不伤胃，芳香透达又可祛邪。金银花既能宣散风热，还善清解血毒，用于各种热性病，如身热、发疹、发斑、热毒疮痈、咽喉肿痛等证，均效果显著。蒲公英甘，微苦，寒。清热解毒，消肿散结。白头翁味苦，性寒；归胃、大肠经，具有清热解毒，凉血止痢，燥湿杀虫的功效，主治热毒痢疾，鼻衄，血痔，带下，阴痒，痈疮，瘰疬。大青叶苦，寒。味甘。入肝、心、胃经。板蓝根具有清热解毒、凉血消肿、利咽之功效。柴胡是清虚热中药，用于感冒发热、寒热往来、疟疾。车前子性味甘寒，入肾、膀胱、肝、肺经，功能利水通淋、渗湿止泻、清肝明目、清热化痰，为常用药材。黄芩有清热燥湿，凉血安胎，解毒功效。主治温热病、上呼吸道感染、肺热咳嗽、湿热黄胆、肺炎、痢疾、咳血、目赤、胎动不安、高血压、痈肿疖疮等症。苏叶用于感冒风寒，发热恶寒，头痛鼻塞，兼见咳嗽或胸闷不舒者。能发散表寒，开宣肺气，可与生姜同用。甘草气微，味甜而特殊。功能主治清热解毒，祛痰止咳、脘腹。陈皮气香，味辛、苦。理气开胃 燥湿化痰，治脾胃病。杏仁归经：肺；脾；大肠经。具有抗炎、镇痛作用。连翘是清热解毒的中药，主治热病初起，风热感冒，发热，心烦，咽喉肿痛，急性肾炎等。桑叶味甘，苦；性寒。归肺，肝经。疏散风热，清肺润燥，平抑肝阳，清肝明目，凉血止血。
本发明的有益效果是：用于禽流感、亚型禽流感、鸡马立克病、新城疫、禽白血病、传然性法氏囊病、传染性支气管炎、病毒性关节炎、减蛋综合症、传染性发育障碍综合症等多种病毒性疾病。采用控释和靶向技术，使药物能直接到达病灶部位，并延长有效时间，增强中草药的疗效。采用超微粉碎和细胞壁破壁技术，使药物的有效成分快速发挥，同时采用二氧化碳超低温临界单体萃取技术，使药物有效成分不被破坏且提取完全，保证有效成分充足，药效增加。保障产品的核心技术，保证产品的质量和疗效。采用先进的指纹图谱鉴定技术，保证所选中药材的质地为优等级。
1本发明药效发挥迅速，副作用小，治疗时间短，使用方便。
本中草药经超微粉碎和细胞壁破壁技术、水提、醇沉后，所获得的流浸膏，直接饮水而不堵塞饮水器，据临床试验证明，自投药后24小时观察，鸡群采食量和精神有明显好转，48小时后死亡率有所下降，72小时后采食量和精神基本恢复正常，且解剖后内脏器官的病变发生率比对照组低75-90%。如下表：
| 观察项目 | 鸡只数 | 24小时采食量 | 48小时采食量 | 症状 |
| 实验组 | 2400 | 385斤 | 480斤 | 118只 |
| 对照组 | 2400 | 302斤 | 255斤 | 943只 |
症状为表现为流感特征的内脏器官病变
| 观察项目 | 鸡只数 | 24小时采食量 | 48小时采食量 | 法氏囊病变发生率 |
| 实验组 | 2400 | 380斤 | 460斤 | 102只 |
| 对照组 | 2400 | 298斤 | 265斤 | 856只 |
2发挥作用持续时间长，血药浓度高，药效持久。
经比较：正常中草药在消化系统停留2-6小时，而经该技术处理后，在禽类消化系统的有效时间为8-12小时，大大延长了肠道内的停留时间，吸收利用率显著增加，经比较，普通中药（40-60目）在肠道内随粪便排出后能检测到大量的中药原型，而本实验品在经粪便排出后，几乎检不出。同时MIC也明显不一，本实验品比普通中药高90%。
3针对性强，治愈率高，保护率高。
投服本实验品和投服普通中药的肉鸡，经饲喂4天后，明显出现差异，如下表：
| 观察项目 | 鸡只数 | 精神和采食量 | 有呼吸道症状比率 | 继发感染大肠杆菌数 | 每天死亡数 | 淘汰只数 |
| 实验组 | 2400 | 正常 | 15-25% | 18只 | 5-8 | 108 |
| 对照组 | 2400 | 下降 | 80-95% | 93只 | 18-29 | 456 |
| 观察项目 | 鸡只数 | 精神和采食量 | 有传染性法氏囊炎症状比率 | 继发感染大肠杆菌数 | 每天死亡数 | 淘汰只数 |
| 实验组 | 2400 | 正常 | 10-15% | 24只 | 3-8 | 112 |
| 对照组 | 2400 | 下降 | 65-85% | 96只 | 25-30 | 516 |
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种用于病毒性疾病的中药，配方：蟾衣5kg、八角25 kg、藿香10 kg、金银花10 kg、蒲公英15 kg、白头翁20 kg、大青叶25 kg、板蓝根10 kg、柴胡8 kg。
实施例2
一种用于病毒性疾病的中药，配方：蟾衣10kg、八角35 kg、藿香15 kg、金银花15 kg、蒲公英20 kg、白头翁25 kg、大青叶30 kg、板蓝根15 kg、柴胡13 kg。
实施例3
一种用于病毒性疾病的中药，配方：蟾衣6kg、八角28 kg、藿香12 kg、金银花12 kg、蒲公英16 kg、白头翁22 kg、大青叶26 kg、板蓝根12 kg、柴胡10 kg。
实施例4
一种用于病毒性疾病的中药，配方：蟾衣8kg、八角32 kg、藿香14 kg、金银花14 kg、蒲公英18 kg、白头翁24 kg、大青叶28 kg、板蓝根14 kg、柴胡12 kg。
实施例5
一种用于病毒性疾病，配方：蟾衣7 kg、八角30 kg、藿香13 kg、金银花13 kg、蒲公英17 kg、白头翁23 kg、大青叶27 kg、板蓝根13 kg、柴胡11 kg，车前子14 kg、黄芩10 kg、苏叶30 kg、甘草20 kg、陈皮20 kg、杏仁10 kg、连翘12 kg、桑叶26 kg。
实施例6
一种用于病毒性疾病，配方：蟾衣7 kg、八角30 kg、藿香13 kg、金银花13 kg、蒲公英17 kg、白头翁23 kg、大青叶27 kg、板蓝根13 kg、柴胡11 kg，车前子10 kg、黄芩8 kg、苏叶25 kg、甘草15 kg、陈皮15 kg、杏仁6 kg、连翘10 kg、桑叶20 kg。
中药组合物临床疗效的典型病例
实例一：山东潍坊某养殖场35日龄雏鸡、约1800只鸡发病，病禽表现为突然发病，体温升高，可达42℃以上。精神沉郁，肿头，眼睑周围浮肿，肉冠和肉垂肿胀、出血甚至坏死，鸡冠发紫。采食量急剧下降。病禽呼吸困难、咳嗽、打喷嚏，张口呼吸，突然尖叫。眼肿胀流泪，初期流浆液性带泡沫的眼泪，后期流黄白色脓性分泌物，眼睑肿胀，两眼突出，肉髯增厚变硬，向两侧开张，呈“金鱼头”状。也有的出现抽搐，头颈后扭，运动失调，瘫痪等神经症状。经病死鸡剖检可见口腔、腺胃、肌胃角质下层和十二指肠出血；胸骨内面、胸骨肌肉、腹部脂肪和心均有散在出血点；头、眼睑、肉髯、颈、胸等部分肿胀，组织呈淡黄色；肝、脾、肾、肺常见灰黄色小点坏死灶；腹膜和心包或有充血和积液；卵巢和输卵管充血或出血，管壁肿胀。经诊断为禽流感感染。应用本发明制备的中药组合物进行治疗，采用饮水给药的方式集中给药，严重的经肌肉注射给药，治疗前后对圈舍进行严格消毒处理。用药3天后，病鸡的临床症状及精神状态明显好转，用药7天后，1756只病鸡恢复健康，临床症状消失，治愈率达到97.6%，治愈一个月后进行回访，康复的病鸡没有再复发。
实例二：哈尔滨某养殖场32日龄雏鸡、约1300只鸡发病，病鸡精神沉郁，食欲减退，不喜走路，羽毛松乱无光泽，垂头缩颈，冠和肉髯发绪，眼半闭，有的病鸡出现神经症状，两腿麻痹、站立不稳，经诊断为新城疫感染。应用本发明制备的中药组合物进行治疗，采用饮水给药的方式集中给药，严重的经肌肉注射给药，治疗前后对圈舍进行严格消毒处理。用药3天后，病鸡的临床症状及精神状态明显好转，用药5天后，1237只病鸡恢复健康，临床症状消失，治愈率达到95.2%，治愈一个月后进行回访，康复的病鸡没有再复发。
实例三：河南某个体养殖户13日龄雏鸡、约1400只鸡发病，病鸡下痢，排浅白色或淡绿色稀粪，腹泻物中常含有尿酸盐，肛门周围的羽毛被粪污染或沾污泥土。随着病程的发展，饮、食欲减退，并逐渐消瘦、畏寒，颈部躯干震颤，步态不稳，行走摇摆，体温正常或在疾病末期体温低于正常，精神萎顿，头下垂眼睑闭合，羽毛无光泽，蓬松脱水，眼窝凹陷，最后极度衰竭而死。死于感染的鸡呈现脱水、胸肌发暗，股部和胸肌常有出血斑、点，肠道内粘液增加，肾脏肿大、苍白，小叶灰白色，有尿酸盐沉积，法氏囊出现肿大，经诊断为传染性法氏囊炎感染。应用本发明制备的中药组合物进行治疗，采用饮水给药的方式集中给药，严重的肌肉注射给药，治疗前后对鸡舍及周围环境进行严格消毒。用药2天后鸡群病情好转，用药5天后，1365只病鸡恢复健康，临床症状消失，治愈率达到97.5%，治愈后一个月回访，康复鸡群没有再发病。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于病毒性疾病的中药，其特征在于它由以下重量份数的原料制成：蟾衣5~10、八角25~35、藿香10~15、金银花10~15、蒲公英15~20、白头翁20~25、大青叶25~30、板蓝根10~15、柴胡8~13，按如下方法熬制：
a、将各成分按重量份称取，分别采用超微粉碎和细胞壁破壁技术，进行初步处理，超微粉是粉碎粒度95%达到粒径在5~10 μm，所用设备为机械冲击式粉碎机、气流式粉碎机、球磨式粉碎机；
b、将a步处理好的各成分分别进行水提取，首先浸泡1-2小时，用水量以浸没原材料为准，再用热回流提取5-8小时，之后进行过滤，取滤液浓缩至原浸出液的1/100，变成流浸膏状；
c、再分别对水提取过的药渣再进行2次低温醇沉提取，首先在药渣里加入3-5倍体积比的80%乙醇进行低温醇沉12-24小时，然后再加入3-5倍体积比的95%乙醇进行低温醇沉12-24小时，过滤去残渣，滤液减压回收乙醇；
d、合并步骤b、c所制备出的两种提取液，用纯水稀释至处方量的1g/ml，加入防腐剂和抗氧化剂混匀后灭菌，4℃保存备用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于病毒性疾病的中药，其特征在于它由以下重量份数的原料制成：蟾衣6~8、八角28~32、藿香12~14、金银花12~14、蒲公英16~18、白头翁22~24、大青叶26~28、板蓝根12~14、柴胡10~12。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于病毒性疾病的中药，其特征在于它由以下重量份数的原料制成：蟾衣7、八角30、藿香13、金银花13、蒲公英17、白头翁23、大青叶27、板蓝根13、柴胡11。
4.一种用于病毒性疾病的中药，其特征在于它由以下重量份数的原料制成：蟾衣7、八角30、藿香13、金银花13、蒲公英17、白头翁23、大青叶27、板蓝根13、柴胡11、车前子10~14、黄芩8~10、苏叶25~30、甘草15~20、陈皮15~20、杏仁6~10、连翘10~12、桑叶20~26，按如下方法熬制：
a、将各成分按重量份称取，分别采用超微粉碎和细胞壁破壁技术，进行初步处理，超微粉是粉碎粒度95%达到粒径在5~10 μm，所用设备为机械冲击式粉碎机、气流式粉碎机、球磨式粉碎机；
b、将a步处理好的各成分分别进行水提取，首先浸泡1-2小时，用水量以浸没原材料为准，再用热回流提取5-8小时，之后进行过滤，取滤液浓缩至原浸出液的1/100，变成流浸膏状；
c、再分别对水提取过的药渣再进行2次低温醇沉提取，首先在药渣里加入3-5倍体积比的80%乙醇进行低温醇沉12-24小时，然后再加入3-5倍体积比的95%乙醇进行低温醇沉12-24小时，过滤去残渣，滤液减压回收乙醇；
d、合并步骤b、c所制备出的两种提取液，用纯水稀释至处方量的1g/ml，加入防腐剂和抗氧化剂混匀后灭菌，4℃保存备用。
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