CN102524112A - Device and method for breeding Trichogramma - Google Patents
Device and method for breeding Trichogramma Download PDFInfo
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- CN102524112A CN102524112A CN2012100504983A CN201210050498A CN102524112A CN 102524112 A CN102524112 A CN 102524112A CN 2012100504983 A CN2012100504983 A CN 2012100504983A CN 201210050498 A CN201210050498 A CN 201210050498A CN 102524112 A CN102524112 A CN 102524112A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for breeding Trichogramma, which comprises a Trichogramma breeding box, Trichogramma breeding frames and egg carrying boards. The Trichogramma breeding frames are arranged in the Trichogramma breeding box; the egg carrying boards are arranged on the Trichogramma breeding frames; the Trichogramma breeding box comprises a bottom plate, a top plate and side walls; the side walls and the bottom plate are lightproof; one side of the top plate is provided with a light-transmitting board and the other side of the top plate is provided with a lightproof board; guide rails are arranged in the Trichogramma breeding box; and the Trichogramma breeding frames translates below the top plate from the side of the light-transmitting board to the side of the lightproof board by the guide rails. The invention also relates to a method for breeding Trichogramma by the breeding device. The device and the method have the advantages of simple structure, simpleness for operation, high breeding efficiency and improvement on the breeding conditions and belong to the field of insect breeding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to equipment for breeding and the method for a kind of insect, specifically, relate to a kind of oophagous trichogrammae equipment for breeding and method.
Background technology
Oophagous trichogrammae is a kind of parasite that countries in the world are extensively bred and utilized, and the ovum of insects such as the parasitic multiple Lepidoptera of ability, coleoptera, diptera, Homoptera, Hymenoptera eliminates insect in the ovum phase.The natural host ovum of large-scale breeding oophagous trichogrammae mainly contains rice moth egg, gelechiid ova, egg of oak silkworm and Mediterranean flour moth ovum etc., and these ovum all are ovules.The cost of large scale artificial breeding rice moth (or gelechiid) is cheaper, and raw material sources are extensive, utilizes the technology of rice moth (or gelechiid) ovum breeding oophagous trichogrammae extensively to be adopted.
But utilize the method and apparatus of rice moth egg breeding oophagous trichogrammae relatively backward at present, be difficult to carry out the scale breeding.Having now utilizes the technology of rice moth (or gelechiid) ovum breeding oophagous trichogrammae to have following several kinds:
1. the numerous honeybee of cassette (number of patent application is 200910111518.1).Earlier host egg is adhered on the paperboard with glue, together put into container with the honeybee kind then and connect honeybee, the method major defect is taken up space bigger by connecing honeybee; The host egg parasitism is inhomogeneous; In case it is not ideal enough to connect behind the honeybee parasitic rate of honeybee card, just cannot remedy, and is not suitable for commercialization production.
2. the numerous honeybee of honeybee cartridge type (patent No. is 02290952.4).Utilize steam that host egg is adhered on the honeybee barrel, the honeybee kind is put into a kind of honeybee mode that connects in the honeybee tube, the major defect of the method is for needing more honeybee tube, complex operation; Stable inadequately when the honeybee barrel atomizes, cause water smoke too much or very few, the quantity variance that adheres to the ovum on the honeybee barrel is bigger; Need artificial regularly adjust honeybee tube direction, time-consuming taking a lot of work when connecing honeybee.
3. laying off eggs connects honeybee.Host egg is tiled in the tray, the honeybee kind is covered or spread a kind of honeybee mode that connects on the fresh host egg.The major defect of this method is that parasitic rate is on the low side, because rice moth egg intergranular crack is little, does not allow oophagous trichogrammae to walk smoothly, the normal less than 20% of the parasitic rate of bottom ovum.
Existing egg parasitoids artificial fecundation method is 200810198527.4 disclosed technology with device like application number.Egg parasitoids artificial propagation net cage has support in the net cage, support is provided with the grid that several layers can hang the ovum card, has the structure of the loading and unloading of moving between grid and the support, is provided with door in a side of net cage.The grid branch is provided with multilayer up and down.During the egg parasitoids artificial propagation, the grid that hangs with the ovum card is placed the upper strata, make egg parasitoids parasitic; When egg parasitoids after laying eggs on the ovum card, this upper strata grid hung the ovum card is disposable by the gross is transferred to down one deck, and the new grid that hangs with the ovum card placed the upper strata, let egg parasitoids transfer to voluntarily and lay eggs on the new host egg card; When egg parasitoids after laying eggs on the new ovum card, each layer grid hung the ovum card moves down one deck successively, and the newer grid that hangs with the ovum card is placed the upper strata, let egg parasitoids transfer to voluntarily again and lay eggs on the new host egg card; When not having queen bee parasitic on the grid extension ovum card of lower floor, this layer grid hung ovum card integral body shift out net cage.Adopt this technology breeding egg parasitoids to have following shortcoming: 1. this techniques make use net cage breeding, the four sides printing opacity is primarily aimed at this type of anastatus japonicus honeybee kind, and is unfavorable for parasite of Trichogramma.Because oophagous trichogrammae has stronger phototaxis, be employed in dark room conditions under in the production more and breed.Under dark room conditions, the oophagous trichogrammae in the net cage distributes even relatively, is fit to disposable numerous honeybee, and the levels in this example moves just nonsensical; Under the light field condition, the place of printing opacity caused skewness, ultra parasitism and parasitic rate to hang down problem around the oophagous trichogrammae in the net cage was distributed in mostly, and the levels of ovum card moves, and oophagous trichogrammae is not had tangible attractive effect.The numerous beehive in bright dark space of setting of the present invention solves these problems preferably; Because around the casing is black; Oophagous trichogrammae is distributed in carrying on the ovum plate of clear zone more; The oophagous trichogrammae of carrying on the ovum plate that honeybee is taken in the dark space also can be assembled to the clear zone by the attraction of light, has reduced that egg parasitoid is repeated parasitic ultra parasitism, has improved parasitic rate.The numerous honeybee of net cage of printing opacity around real application data show to be utilized, the mean parasitized rate of a large amount of numerous honeybees of batch production is about about 50%, and utilizes the numerous beehive in bright dark space of the present invention, and the mean parasitized rate is more than 80%.2. the ovum card is that ovum is bonded on the scraps of paper, and parasitic back ovum can not be swept down, can not reuse, and storage and traffic requirements is not easy to accumulating together with the scraps of paper; When parasitic effects was bad, whole ovum card cancelled, and causes waste.3. this technology can not solve the honeybee problem of sweeping, and numerous honeybee efficient is low.When utilizing the numerous honeybee of this net cage, it is not obvious to the distribution effect of parasitic wasp to move the ovum card through levels, on the ovum card of lower floor, still has a large amount of parasitic wasps and stops, and when taking out the ovum card, wants manual work to sweep time, otherwise will cause the waste of honeybee kind.The breeding anastatus japonicus is just adopted this net cage in the actual production, but artificial link of sweeping honeybee is indispensable.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to existing in the prior art the objective of the invention is: provide a kind of simple in structure, numerous honeybee efficient is high, is exclusively used in the oophagous trichogrammae equipment for breeding of oophagous trichogrammae breeding.
Another object of the present invention is: provide a kind of easy to operate, numerous honeybee efficient is high, is exclusively used in the oophagous trichogrammae propagation method of oophagous trichogrammae breeding.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The oophagous trichogrammae equipment for breeding comprises numerous beehive, numerous honeybee frame and carries the ovum plate; Numerous honeybee is placed in numerous beehive, carries the ovum plate and places on numerous honeybee frame; Numerous beehive comprises base plate, top board and sidewall; Sidewall and base plate are light tight, and a side of top board is a light-passing board, and opposite side is light tight plate; Be provided with guide rail in numerous beehive, numerous honeybee frame through guide rail below top board by the translation of the light tight plate side of light-passing board side direction.
Numerous beehive is cube shaped; Leaning on last face is top board, by under face be base plate, forward face, face, the face that keeps left after leaning on and the face of keeping right are sidewall; Forward face is the entrance door of switching regulator, and the face after leaning on is the outlet portal of switching regulator; Top board is a light-passing board near a side of entrance door, is light tight plate near a side of outlet portal; Guide rail is positioned at the inwall of face that keeps left and the face of keeping right.
In numerous beehive, on one deck, place two numerous honeybee framves; Leave the space between numerous honeybee frame and the base plate; The half the of top board is light-passing board, and second half is light tight plate.
Numerous honeybee frame is provided with many to draw-in groove, carry the ovum plate be parallel to keep left/right face vertically inserts in the draw-in groove.
Entrance door is provided with the air-vent that is stamped gauze, and outlet portal is provided with exhaust fan.
Carrying the ovum plate is smooth glass plate of rectangle or plastic plate.
A kind of oophagous trichogrammae propagation method comprises the steps: that a. will carry the freezing back of ovum plate and take out, and forms uniform water smoke on the two sides of carrying the ovum plate, and host egg is spread the two sides of carrying the ovum plate, and host egg is bonded at and carries on the ovum plate, dries; B. the honeybee kind is placed on the base plate of numerous beehive; The new ovum plate that carries that is stained with host egg is placed on numerous honeybee frame; Numerous honeybee chord position is in the light-passing board below of top board; C. after connecing the honeybee some hrs,, below light-passing board, insert new numerous honeybee frame and carry an ovum plate the side translation of the numerous honeybee frame below the light-passing board to light tight plate; D. repeating step c will be at the numerous honeybee frame below the light-passing board in a side translation of light tight plate, with taking out together with carrying the ovum plate at numerous honeybee frame of light tight plate side; The host egg that e. will connect behind the honeybee with banister brush is swept down from carrying an ovum plate, stores or cultivates.
Among the step a, carrying an ovum plate be-18 ℃ in temperature, and humidity is taking-up after freezing 5-10 minute in the environment of 70%RH, and 10-20 can form water smoke after second in the environment of temperature >=20 ℃, humidity >=70%RH.
Above the light-passing board of numerous beehive, place fluorescent lamp, maintain illumination in the whole honeybee process that connects; Certain interval of time is taken a breath to numerous beehive inside.
Among the step c, connecing the honeybee time is 22-26 hour.
Generally speaking, the present invention has following advantage:
1. simple in structure.Have only simple several parts, can realize carrying the batch translation of ovum plate.
2. simple to operate.Utilize glass after the freezing mist principle that hardens, need not spray and gluing just can adhere to rice moth (or gelechiid) ovum on year ovum plate, be particularly useful for small-sized ovum.Effectively improve sticking ovum efficient, simplified operating process.The ovum that connects behind the honeybee can be swept down storage, does not need related year ovum plate together to store, and accumulating is convenient, and carrying an ovum plate can reuse.
3. numerous honeybee efficient is high.The present invention is specifically designed to the breeding of oophagous trichogrammae, and numerous beehive takes up space little, when two numerous honeybee framves are set; When each numerous honeybee frame is placed 30 years ovum plates; A numerous beehive can insert 60 of year ovum plates every day, and 1,800 ten thousand of breeding oophagous trichogrammaes can be used for preventing and treating 200 hectares of crops.Numerous honeybee efficient improves more than 10 times.
4. numerous honeybee quality improves.Utilize numerous honeybee apparatus and method of the present invention, the mean parasitized rate of a large amount of breeding oophagous trichogrammaes of batch production is higher than other a large amount of numerous honeybee equipment and method more than 80%.
5. breeding improvement of terms.Through the timing air interchanger, effectively improved the air conditions in numerous beehive, help the oophagous trichogrammae ovipositing hosts.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the broken away view of oophagous trichogrammae equipment for breeding.
Wherein, 1 is numerous honeybee frame, and 2 for carrying the ovum plate, and 3 is base plate, and 4 is light-passing board, and 5 is light tight plate, and 6 is guide rail, and 7 is entrance door, and 8 is outlet portal, and 9 is draw-in groove, and 10 is air-vent, and 11 is exhaust fan.
Embodiment
To combine accompanying drawing and embodiment to come the present invention is done further detailed explanation below.
Shown in Figure 1, the equipment for breeding of oophagous trichogrammae comprises: numerous beehive, two numerous honeybee framves 1 and a plurality of years ovum plates 2.
Numerous beehive is a cubic type; As operator during over against the entrance door of numerous beehive; Lean on the top board of last face; By under face be base plate 3, forward face (face that keeps left for cube among the figure), the face (face of keeping right for cube among the figure) after leaning on, face (among the figure for cube perpendicular to the inside face of paper) that keeps left and the face of keeping right (among the figure for cube perpendicular to the outside face of paper) are sidewall.Base plate and sidewall are lighttight black panel.Top board is divided into two zones, and the left side is a light-passing board 4 among the figure, and the right side is light tight plate 5, thereby below light-passing board 4, forms a clear zone, below light tight plate 5, forms a dark space.Top board integral body can be transparency glass plate, pastes light tight material in light tight plate side and forms the light tight plate that occupies half area of top board, and all the other positions are light-passing board.Forward face is the entrance door 7 of switching regulator, and entrance door 7 is provided with the air-vent 10 that is stamped gauze; Face after leaning on is the outlet portal 8 of switching regulator, and outlet portal 8 is provided with takes out the exhaust fan 11 to the external world with gas in numerous beehive.Guide rail 6 is positioned at the face that keeps left of numerous beehive and the inwall of the face of keeping right, and is the supporting section of convexity.
Carrying the ovum plate is the smooth glass plate of rectangle.
The oophagous trichogrammae reproductive process is following:
(1) sticking ovum: at first will carry the ovum plate and be put in refrigerator or the refrigerator (18 ℃) freezing; (indoor humidity is controlled at more than the 70%RH in taking-up after 5-10 minute; Temperature is more than 20 ℃); About 10-20 just can form uniform water smoke on the two sides of carrying the ovum plate after second, and ready host egg is spread the two sides of carrying the ovum plate, with unnecessary host egg with under the fur sweeping.The ovum plate that carries that will be stained with host egg is then put in the groove of numerous honeybee frame and is dried.
2) connect honeybee: the oophagous trichogrammae honeybee kind that numerous honeybee is used is placed on the bottom of numerous beehive, treat that 80% honeybee kind is sprouted wings after, put into numerous honeybee frame and carry an ovum plate from entrance door, carry the ovum integrated circuit board in the groove of numerous honeybee frame, numerous honeybee is placed on the guide rail and is in the below of light-passing board.25 ℃ of room temperatures, connect honeybee after 24 hours under humidity 70% condition, shift numerous honeybee frame the dark space of light tight plate below onto along guide rail, put into new numerous honeybee frame simultaneously in the clear zone and carry an ovum plate.Again through after 24 hours, numerous honeybee frame of dark space is shifted out numerous beehive from outlet portal, take and grow the chamber and grow; Shift numerous honeybee frame in clear zone onto dark space along guide rail simultaneously; Under a fairly large number of situation of kind of honeybee, can also repeat said process, continue to insert new numerous honeybee frame and connect honeybee with a year ovum plate in the clear zone.
3) collect to grow: rice moth (or gelechiid) ovum with banister brush will connect behind the honeybee is swept down from carrying an ovum plate, is tiled in the tray container, 25 ℃ of room temperatures, cultivates under the 70%RH condition, and about 10 days left and right sides oophagous trichogrammaes will sprout wings from the parasitized host ovum and go out.
In the said process, place two 40 watts fluorescent tube, remain illumination whole connecing in the honeybee process on the transparent panel top of numerous beehive.The ventilation fan of numerous beehive one side was whenever opened at a distance from 1 hour and was taken a breath in 20 minutes, kept air conditions good in numerous beehive, was beneficial to the oophagous trichogrammae parasitism.
Claims (10)
1. the oophagous trichogrammae equipment for breeding comprises numerous beehive, numerous honeybee frame and carries the ovum plate; Numerous honeybee is placed in numerous beehive, carries the ovum plate and places on numerous honeybee frame, and it is characterized in that: said numerous beehive comprises base plate, top board and sidewall; Sidewall and base plate are light tight, and a side of top board is a light-passing board, and opposite side is light tight plate; Be provided with guide rail in numerous beehive, numerous honeybee frame through guide rail below top board by the translation of the light tight plate side of light-passing board side direction.
2. according to the described oophagous trichogrammae equipment for breeding of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said numerous beehive is cube shaped; Leaning on last face is top board, by under face be base plate, forward face, face, the face that keeps left after leaning on and the face of keeping right are sidewall; Forward face is the entrance door of switching regulator, and the face after leaning on is the outlet portal of switching regulator; Top board is a light-passing board near a side of entrance door, is light tight plate near a side of outlet portal; Guide rail is positioned at the inwall of face that keeps left and the face of keeping right.
3. according to the described oophagous trichogrammae equipment for breeding of claim 2, it is characterized in that: in said numerous beehive, on one deck, place two numerous honeybee framves; Leave the space between numerous honeybee frame and the base plate; The half the of top board is light-passing board, and second half is light tight plate.
4. according to the described oophagous trichogrammae equipment for breeding of claim 2, it is characterized in that: said numerous honeybee frame is provided with many to draw-in groove, carry the ovum plate be parallel to keep left/right face vertically inserts in the draw-in groove.
5. according to the described oophagous trichogrammae equipment for breeding of claim 2, it is characterized in that: said entrance door is provided with the air-vent that is stamped gauze, and outlet portal is provided with exhaust fan.
6. according to each described oophagous trichogrammae equipment for breeding in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: said year ovum plate is smooth glass plate of rectangle or plastic plate.
7. an oophagous trichogrammae propagation method of using each said equipment for breeding in the claim 1 to 6 is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
A. will carry the freezing back of ovum plate and take out, and form uniform water smoke on the two sides of carrying the ovum plate, host egg is spread the two sides of carrying the ovum plate, host egg is bonded at and carries on the ovum plate, dries;
B. the honeybee kind is placed on the base plate of numerous beehive; The new ovum plate that carries that is stained with host egg is placed on numerous honeybee frame; Numerous honeybee chord position is in the light-passing board below of top board;
C. after connecing the honeybee some hrs,, below light-passing board, insert new numerous honeybee frame and carry an ovum plate the side translation of the numerous honeybee frame below the light-passing board to light tight plate;
D. repeating step c will be at the numerous honeybee frame below the light-passing board in a side translation of light tight plate, with taking out together with carrying the ovum plate at numerous honeybee frame of light tight plate side;
The host egg that e. will connect behind the honeybee with banister brush is swept down from carrying an ovum plate, stores or cultivates.
8. according to the described oophagous trichogrammae propagation method of claim 7; It is characterized in that: among the said step a; Carrying the ovum plate be-18 ℃ in temperature, and humidity is taking-up after freezing 5-10 minute in the environment of 70%RH, and 10-20 can form water smoke after second in the environment of temperature >=20 ℃, humidity >=70%RH.
9. according to the described oophagous trichogrammae propagation method of claim 7, it is characterized in that: above the light-passing board of numerous beehive, place fluorescent lamp, maintain illumination in the whole honeybee process that connects; Certain interval of time is taken a breath to numerous beehive inside.
10. according to the described oophagous trichogrammae propagation method of claim 7, it is characterized in that: among the said step c, connecing the honeybee time is 22-26 hour.
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| CN2012100504983A CN102524112A (en) | 2012-02-29 | 2012-02-29 | Device and method for breeding Trichogramma |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN102771449A (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2012-11-14 | 华中农业大学 | Springtail feeding device |
| CN105613430A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-06-01 | 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Trichogramma breeding device |
| CN109287572A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-02-01 | 陈雅丝 | A kind of insect life observation case being equipped with baby spot |
| CN112753656A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-07 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Breeding device and indoor seed preservation method for Hemerocallis ventricosus such as natural enemy of sugarcane striped rice borer |
| CN116326547A (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-06-27 | 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Method for determining indoor toxicity of larvae of litchi pedicel borers |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109287572A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-02-01 | 陈雅丝 | A kind of insect life observation case being equipped with baby spot |
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| CN112753656A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-07 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Breeding device and indoor seed preservation method for Hemerocallis ventricosus such as natural enemy of sugarcane striped rice borer |
| CN116326547A (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-06-27 | 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Method for determining indoor toxicity of larvae of litchi pedicel borers |
| CN116326547B (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-11-10 | 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Indoor toxicity determination method for larvae of litchi pedicel borers |
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Application publication date: 20120704 |