CN102522892A - Auto-excitation-type Buck converter based on metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) - Google Patents
Auto-excitation-type Buck converter based on metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an auto-excitation-type Buck converter based on a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET). The auto-excitation-type Buck converter comprises a main loop of the Buck converter, wherein the main loop is composed of an input capacitor Ci, an N-type MOSFET M1, a diode D, an inductor L and a capacitor Co. The auto-excitation-type Buck converter also comprises an auxiliary power supply U1; and the adopted basic auto-excitation unit circuit of a single MOSFET is composed of the N-type MOSFET M1, a diode D1, a diode D2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a capacitor C1, a hysteresis comparator U3 and a drive circuit U2. The auto-excitation-type Buck converter based on the MOSFET provided by the invention has higher efficiency and large power range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to autonomous DC-DC (DC-DC) converter, be applied to switch voltage-stabilizing or stabilized current power supply, high-brightness LED drive circuit etc., especially a kind of auto-excitation type Buck converter.
Background technology
Compare with separated exciting DC-DC converter with linear (voltage stabilizing or current stabilization) adjuster, auto-excitation type DC-DC converter has the high remarkable advantage of cost performance.What Fig. 1 provided is a kind of auto-excitation type Buck converter based on BJT (bipolar transistor); Comprise the Buck converter major loop of forming by input capacitance Ci, positive-negative-positive BJT Q1, inductance L, diode D and output capacitance Co; Input capacitance Ci is parallelly connected with direct voltage source Vi; Output capacitance Co voltage is VD Vo; Load Ro is parallelly connected with output capacitance Co, and the negative terminal of direct voltage source Vi links to each other with the negative terminal of VD Vo and the anode of diode D, and the anode of direct voltage source Vi links to each other with the emitter of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1; The collector electrode of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1 links to each other with the negative electrode of an end of inductance L and diode D, and the other end of inductance L links to each other with the anode of VD Vo.Auto-excitation type Buck converter based on BJT shown in Figure 1 also comprises positive-negative-positive BJT Q2; The emitter and collector of positive-negative-positive BJT Q2 links to each other with base stage with the emitter of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1 respectively; The base stage of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1 also is connected to the negative terminal of direct voltage source Vi through resistance R 1; Resistance R 3 is formed parallel branch with capacitor C 1; One end of said parallel branch links to each other with the collector electrode of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1, and the other end of said parallel branch links to each other with the base stage of positive-negative-positive BJT Q2 and an end of resistance R 2, and the other end of resistance R 2 links to each other with the emitter of positive-negative-positive BJT Q2.Auto-excitation type Buck converter based on BJT shown in Figure 1 also comprises the Voltage Feedback branch road; The negative electrode of voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 links to each other with the anode of output voltage V o; The anode of voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 links to each other with an end of resistance R 5 and the base stage of NPN type BJT Q3; The emitter of NPN type BJT Q3 links to each other with the other end of resistance R 5 and the negative terminal of direct voltage source Vi, and the collector electrode of NPN type BJT Q3 links to each other through the base stage of resistance R 4 and positive-negative-positive BJT Q2.The weak point of this circuit is: main switch Q1 adopts BJT, because of the operating characteristic of BJT causes circuit efficiency not high enough, relatively is fit to the occasion of small-power (several watts levels below).
Summary of the invention
Not high enough and only be applicable to that low power deficiency, the present invention provide that a kind of efficient is higher, the auto-excitation type Buck converter based on MOSFET (mos field effect transistor) of suitable power wider range for overcoming based on the auto-excitation type Buck transducer effciency of BJT.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of auto-excitation type Buck converter based on MOSFET; Comprise the Buck converter major loop of forming by input capacitance Ci, N type MOSFET M1, diode D, inductance L and capacitor C o; Input capacitance Ci is parallelly connected with direct voltage source Vi, and output capacitance Co voltage is VD Vo, and load Ro is parallelly connected with output capacitance Co; The negative terminal of direct voltage source Vi links to each other with the negative terminal of VD Vo and the anode of diode D; The anode of direct voltage source Vi links to each other with the drain electrode of N type MOSFET M1, and the source electrode of N type MOSFET M1 links to each other with an end of inductance L and the negative electrode of diode D, and the other end of inductance L links to each other with the anode of VD Vo;
Said auto-excitation type Buck converter based on MOSFET also comprises accessory power supply U1, drive circuit U2 and hysteresis comparator U3; Accessory power supply U1 is used to provide drive circuit U2 and the required DC power supply voltage of hysteresis comparator U3 work, and DC input voitage Vi is boosted or the conversion process of step-down; The input of drive circuit U2 is connected with the output of hysteresis comparator U3, and the output of drive circuit U2 links to each other with the gate pole of N type MOSFET M1, and drive circuit U2 is that turning on and off of N type MOSFET M1 provides driving; The input of hysteresis comparator U3 links to each other with an end of capacitor C 1, resistance R 1, resistance R 2 and resistance R 3; The other end of capacitor C 1 and resistance R 3 links to each other with the negative terminal of direct voltage source Vi; The other end of resistance R 1 links to each other with the negative electrode of diode D1; The other end of resistance R 2 links to each other with the anode of diode D2, and the negative electrode of the anode of diode D1 and diode D2 links to each other with the source electrode of N type MOSFET M1.
As preferred a kind of scheme: said auto-excitation type Buck converter based on MOSFET also comprises the Voltage Feedback branch road; Said Voltage Feedback branch road comprises resistance R 6, capacitor C 2, resistance R 5, NPN type BJT Q2, resistance R 4 and positive-negative-positive BJT Q1; Resistance R 6 is formed parallel branch with capacitor C 2; One end of said parallel branch links to each other with the anode of VD Vo; The other end of said parallel branch links to each other with an end of resistance R 5 and the base stage of NPN type BJT Q2, and the emitter of NPN type BJT Q2 links to each other with the other end of resistance R 5 and the negative terminal of direct voltage source Vi, and the collector electrode of NPN type BJT Q2 links to each other with the base stage of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1 through resistance R 4; The emitter of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1 links to each other with the source electrode of N type MOSFET M1, and the collector electrode of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1 links to each other with the input of hysteresis comparator U3.
As preferred another kind of scheme: said auto-excitation type Buck converter based on MOSFET also comprises the current feedback branch road; Said current feedback branch road comprises detection resistance R 7, voltage amplifier U4, resistance R 6, capacitor C 2, resistance R 5, NPN type BJT Q2, resistance R 4 and positive-negative-positive BJT Q1; Detect resistance R 7 and form series arm with load Ro; Said series arm is parallelly connected with output capacitance Co; An end that detects resistance R 7 links to each other with the negative terminal of direct voltage source Vi, and the other end that detects resistance R 7 links to each other with the end of load Ro and the input of voltage amplifier U4, and resistance R 6 is formed parallel branch with capacitor C 2; One end of said parallel branch links to each other with the output of voltage amplifier U4; The other end of said parallel branch links to each other with an end of resistance R 5 and the base stage of NPN type BJT Q2, and the emitter of NPN type BJT Q2 links to each other with the other end of resistance R 5 and the negative terminal of direct voltage source Vi, and the collector electrode of NPN type BJT Q2 links to each other with the base stage of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1 through resistance R 4; The emitter of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1 links to each other with the source electrode of N type MOSFET M1, and the collector electrode of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1 links to each other with the input of hysteresis comparator U3.
Technical conceive of the present invention is: the basic self-excitation element circuit of single MOSFET is applied in the Buck converter, makes it to become new auto-excitation type DC-DC converter (like Fig. 2, shown in 3).The basic self-excitation element circuit of single MOSFET is made up of N type MOSFET M1, diode D1, diode D2, resistance R 1, resistance R 2, resistance R 3, capacitor C 1, hysteresis comparator U3 and drive circuit U2.Its characteristic is following: M1 is the switching device in the Buck converter major loop; The gate pole of M1 links to each other with the output of drive circuit U2; The source electrode of M1 links to each other with the anode of diode D1 and the negative electrode of diode D2; The negative electrode of D1 links to each other with an end of resistance R 1, and the anode of D2 links to each other with an end of resistance R 2, and the other end of resistance R 1 and resistance R 2 all links to each other with the input of hysteresis comparator U3 and an end of capacitor C 1 and resistance R 3; The other end of capacitor C 1 and resistance R 3 is connected to the negative terminal of direct voltage source Vi, and the output of hysteresis comparator U3 links to each other with the input of drive circuit U2.
For obtaining stable VD; Between the port of the output of Buck converter major loop and the basic self-excitation element circuit of single MOSFET, can increase a Voltage Feedback branch road, can form (like Fig. 2) by positive-negative-positive BJT Q1, NPN type BJT Q2, resistance R 4, resistance R 5, resistance R 6 and capacitor C 2 etc.For obtaining stable average anode current; Between the port of the output of Buck converter major loop and the basic self-excitation element circuit of single MOSFET, can increase a current feedback branch road, can form (like Fig. 3) by positive-negative-positive BJT Q1, NPN type BJT Q2, resistance R 4, resistance R 5, resistance R 6, resistance R 7, capacitor C 2 and voltage amplifier U4 etc.
Beneficial effect of the present invention mainly shows: the present invention proposes to have the voltage transformation function of step-down based on the auto-excitation type Buck converter of MOSFET; Circuit structure is simple, efficient is high, is fit to middle low power (more than the tens of watts of levels) switch voltage-stabilizing or application such as stabilized current power supply, high-brightness LED drive circuit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing auto-excitation type Buck converter circuit figure based on BJT.
Fig. 2 is based on auto-excitation type Buck converter embodiment 1 circuit diagram of MOSFET.
Fig. 3 is based on auto-excitation type Buck converter embodiment 2 circuit diagrams of MOSFET.
The input-output voltage characteristic figure of hysteresis comparator U3 among the auto-excitation type Buck converter embodiment 1 that Fig. 4 is based on MOSFET and the embodiment 2.
Fig. 5 is based on the ideal waveform figure of auto-excitation type Buck converter embodiment 1 under the inductive current continuous operation mode of MOSFET.
Fig. 6 is based on the ideal waveform figure of auto-excitation type Buck converter embodiment 2 under the inductive current continuous operation mode of MOSFET.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5; A kind of auto-excitation type Buck converter based on MOSFET; Comprise the Buck converter major loop of forming by input capacitance Ci, N type MOSFET M1, diode D, inductance L and capacitor C o; Input capacitance Ci is parallelly connected with direct voltage source Vi, and output capacitance Co voltage is VD Vo, and load Ro is parallelly connected with output capacitance Co; The negative terminal of direct voltage source Vi links to each other with the negative terminal of VD Vo and the anode of diode D; The anode of direct voltage source Vi links to each other with the drain electrode of N type MOSFET M1, and the source electrode of N type MOSFET M1 links to each other with an end of inductance L and the negative electrode of diode D, and the other end of inductance L links to each other with the anode of VD Vo; Said auto-excitation type Buck converter based on MOSFET also comprises accessory power supply U1, drive circuit U2 and hysteresis comparator U3; Accessory power supply U1 is used to provide drive circuit U2 and the required various DC power supply voltages of hysteresis comparator U3 work, can boost or the conversion process of step-down to DC input voitage Vi according to actual needs; The input of drive circuit U2 is connected with the output of hysteresis comparator U3, and the output of drive circuit U2 links to each other with the gate pole of N type MOSFET M1, and drive circuit U2 is that turning on and off of N type MOSFET M1 (being main switch) provides driving; The input of hysteresis comparator U3 links to each other with an end of capacitor C 1, resistance R 1, resistance R 2 and resistance R 3; The other end of capacitor C 1 and resistance R 3 links to each other with the negative terminal of direct voltage source Vi; The other end of resistance R 1 links to each other with the negative electrode of diode D1; The other end of resistance R 2 links to each other with the anode of diode D2, and the negative electrode of the anode of diode D1 and diode D2 links to each other with the source electrode of N type MOSFETM1.
Shown in Figure 2 is auto-excitation type Buck converter embodiment 1 based on MOSFET; Adopted the Voltage Feedback branch road; Said Voltage Feedback branch road comprises resistance R 6, capacitor C 2, resistance R 5, NPN type BJT Q2, resistance R 4 and positive-negative-positive BJT Q1; Resistance R 6 is formed parallel branch with capacitor C 2, and an end of said parallel branch links to each other with the anode of VD Vo, and the other end of said parallel branch links to each other with an end of resistance R 5 and the base stage of NPN type BJT Q2; The emitter of NPN type BJT Q2 links to each other with the other end of resistance R 5 and the negative terminal of direct voltage source Vi; The collector electrode of NPN type BJT Q2 links to each other with the base stage of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1 through resistance R 4, and the emitter of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1 links to each other with the source electrode of N type MOSFET M1, and the collector electrode of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1 links to each other with the input of hysteresis comparator U3.
The ideal waveform figure of auto-excitation type Buck converter embodiment 1 under the inductive current continuous operation mode based on MOSFET shown in Figure 5.Its circuit working principle is specific as follows:
(1) the circuit electrifying startup stage: after circuit powered on, accessory power supply U1 started working, and converted DC input voitage Vi to drive circuit U2 and the required voltage of hysteresis comparator U3 work.Subsequently, drive circuit U2 and hysteresis comparator U3 also start working.Just having begun is t=t0, and the terminal voltage vc1 of capacitor C 1 is zero, and because of the lower limit reference voltage Vref 1 of vc1 less than U3, U3 output vp high level is through U2 level conversion output vgs1 high level, M1 conducting.After the M1 conducting, diode D ends, and forms the loop by Vi, Ci, M1, L, Co, Ro, the inductance L charging, and inductive current iL increases, output capacitance Co charging, output voltage vo rises, and voltage vs1 equals Vi.Simultaneously, C1 is through D1 and R1 charging, and voltage vc1 rises.The upper limit reference voltage Vref 2 that rises to U3 as vc1 is t=t1, U3 output vp low level, and through U2 level conversion output vgs1 low level, M1 turn-offs.M1 closes and has no progeny, and the D conducting forms the loop by L, Co, Ro, D, the inductance L discharge, and inductive current iL reduces, and output voltage vo continues to increase, and voltage vs1 equals zero.C1 is through D2 and R2 discharge simultaneously, and voltage vc1 descends.The lower limit reference voltage Vref 1 that drops to U3 as vc1 is t=t2, U3 output vp high level, and through U2 level conversion output vgs1 high level, M1 is conducting once more, and circuit gets into next from flyback cycle.Go through several cycles, after the output voltage of circuit reached set point Vo, circuit had just been accomplished the electrifying startup process, got into the steady operation stage.
(2) the circuit steady operation stage: after the output voltage of circuit reached set point Vo, the Voltage Feedback branch road of circuit just began to work.When output voltage was higher than set point Vo, Q2 and Q1 conducting were shortened the ON time (being t4-t3) of M1 through the charging current that strengthens capacitor C 1, realize the reduction of output voltage.When output voltage was lower than set point Vo, Q2 and Q1 turn-offed, and the basic self-excitation element circuit of single MOSFET works alone, and the ON time of M1 recovers former state again, realized the lifting of output voltage.Thus, circuit can realize exporting voltage stabilizing.
Embodiment 2
With reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 6; Present embodiment also comprises the current feedback branch road; Said current feedback branch road comprises detection resistance R 7, voltage amplifier U4, resistance R 6, capacitor C 2, NPN type BJT Q2, resistance R 4 and positive-negative-positive BJT Q1; Detect resistance R 7 and form series arm with load Ro, said series arm is parallelly connected with output capacitance Co, and an end that detects resistance R 7 links to each other with the negative terminal of direct voltage source Vi; The other end that detects resistance R 7 links to each other with the end of load Ro and the input of voltage amplifier U4; Resistance R 6 is formed parallel branch with capacitor C 2, and an end of said parallel branch links to each other with the output of voltage amplifier U4, and the other end of said parallel branch links to each other with an end of resistance R 5 and the base stage of NPN type BJT Q2; The emitter of NPN type BJT Q2 links to each other with the other end of resistance R 5 and the negative terminal of direct voltage source Vi; The collector electrode of NPN type BJT Q2 links to each other with the base stage of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1 through resistance R 4, and the emitter of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1 links to each other with the source electrode of N type MOSFET M1, and the collector electrode of positive-negative-positive BJTQ1 links to each other with the input of hysteresis comparator U3.
The circuit working principle of present embodiment is specific as follows:
(1) the circuit electrifying startup stage: identical with embodiment 1, go through several cycles, after the output current of circuit reached set point Io, circuit had just been accomplished the electrifying startup process, got into the steady operation stage.
(2) the circuit steady operation stage: after the output current of circuit reached set point Io, the current feedback branch road of circuit just began to work.When output current was higher than set point Io, Q2 and Q1 conducting were shortened the ON time (being t4-t3) of M1 through the charging current that strengthens capacitor C 1, realize the reduction of output current.When output current was lower than set point Io, Q2 and Q1 turn-offed, and the basic self-excitation element circuit of single MOSFET works alone, and the ON time of M1 recovers former state again, realized the lifting of output current.Thus, circuit can realize exporting current stabilization.
Other circuit structures of present embodiment are identical with embodiment 1.
The described content of this specification embodiment only is enumerating the way of realization of inventive concept; Should not being regarded as of protection scope of the present invention only limits to the concrete form that embodiment states, protection scope of the present invention also reach in those skilled in the art conceive according to the present invention the equivalent technologies means that can expect.
Claims (3)
1. auto-excitation type Buck converter based on MOSFET; It is characterized in that: comprise the major loop of forming the Buck converter by input capacitance Ci, N type MOSFET M1, diode D, inductance L and capacitor C o; Input capacitance Ci is parallelly connected with direct-current input power supplying Vi; Output capacitance Co voltage is VD Vo; Load Ro is parallelly connected with output capacitance Co, and the negative terminal of direct-current input power supplying Vi links to each other with the negative terminal of VD Vo and the anode of diode D, and the anode of direct-current input power supplying Vi links to each other with the drain electrode of N type MOSFET M1; The source electrode of N type MOSFET M1 links to each other with an end of inductance L and the negative electrode of diode D, and the other end of inductance L links to each other with the anode of VD Vo;
Said auto-excitation type Buck converter based on MOSFET also comprises accessory power supply U1, drive circuit U2 and hysteresis comparator U3; Accessory power supply U1 is used to provide drive circuit U2 and the required DC power supply voltage of hysteresis comparator U3 work, and DC input voitage Vi is boosted or the conversion process of step-down; The input of drive circuit U2 is connected with the output of hysteresis comparator U3, and the output of drive circuit U2 links to each other with the gate pole of N type MOSFET M1, and drive circuit U2 provides driving for turning on and off of N type MOSFET M1; The input of hysteresis comparator U3 links to each other with an end of capacitor C 1, resistance R 1, resistance R 2 and resistance R 3; The other end of capacitor C 1 and resistance R 3 links to each other with the negative terminal of direct-current input power supplying Vi; The other end of resistance R 1 links to each other with the negative electrode of diode D1; The other end of resistance R 2 links to each other with the anode of diode D2, and the negative electrode of the anode of diode D1 and diode D2 links to each other with the source electrode of N type MOSFETM1.
2. according to claim 1 based on the auto-excitation type Buck converter of MOSFET; It is characterized in that: said auto-excitation type Buck converter based on MOSFET also comprises the Voltage Feedback branch road; Said Voltage Feedback branch road comprises resistance R 6, capacitor C 2, resistance R 5, NPN type BJT Q2, resistance R 4 and positive-negative-positive BJT Q1; Resistance R 6 is formed parallel branch with capacitor C 2; One end of said parallel branch links to each other with the anode of VD Vo; The other end of said parallel branch links to each other with an end of resistance R 5 and the base stage of NPN type BJT Q2, and the emitter of NPN type BJT Q2 links to each other with the other end of resistance R 5 and the negative terminal of direct-current input power supplying Vi, and the collector electrode of NPN type BJT Q2 links to each other with the base stage of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1 through resistance R 4; The emitter of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1 links to each other with the source electrode of N type MOSFET M1, and the collector electrode of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1 links to each other with the input of hysteresis comparator U3.
3. according to claim 1 based on the auto-excitation type Buck converter of MOSFET; It is characterized in that: said auto-excitation type Buck converter based on MOSFET also comprises the current feedback branch road; Said current feedback branch road comprises detection resistance R 7, voltage amplifier U4, resistance R 6, capacitor C 2, resistance R 5, NPN type BJT Q2, resistance R 4 and positive-negative-positive BJT Q1; Detect resistance R 7 and form series arm with load Ro; Said series arm is parallelly connected with output capacitance Co; An end that detects resistance R 7 links to each other with the negative terminal of direct voltage source Vi, and the other end that detects resistance R 7 links to each other with the end of load Ro and the input of voltage amplifier U4, and resistance R 6 is formed parallel branch with capacitor C 2; One end of said parallel branch links to each other with the output of voltage amplifier U4; The other end of said parallel branch links to each other with an end of resistance R 5 and the base stage of NPN type BJT Q2, and the emitter of NPN type BJT Q2 links to each other with the other end of resistance R 5 and the negative terminal of direct-current input power supplying Vi, and the collector electrode of NPN type BJT Q2 links to each other with the base stage of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1 through resistance R 4; The emitter of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1 links to each other with the source electrode of N type MOSFET M1, and the collector electrode of positive-negative-positive BJT Q1 links to each other with the input of hysteresis comparator U3.
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| CN201110374621.2A CN102522892B (en) | 2011-11-22 | 2011-11-22 | Auto-excitation-type Buck converter based on metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104038061A (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2014-09-10 | 浙江日风电气有限公司 | Input adaptive auto-excitation type Buck converter |
| CN104716832A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2015-06-17 | 深圳市海洋王照明工程有限公司 | Stabilized switching power supply |
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| JPH09322563A (en) * | 1996-05-24 | 1997-12-12 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | High voltage generator |
| CN101431850A (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2009-05-13 | 上海亚明灯泡厂有限公司 | Simple Buck circuit used for ceramic metallic halogen lamp electric ballast |
| CN101877532A (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2010-11-03 | 浙江工业大学 | Bipolar transistor auto-excitation type Buck convertor |
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| JPH0993911A (en) * | 1995-09-28 | 1997-04-04 | Nec Kansai Ltd | Dc-dc converter power source |
| JPH09322563A (en) * | 1996-05-24 | 1997-12-12 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | High voltage generator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104716832A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2015-06-17 | 深圳市海洋王照明工程有限公司 | Stabilized switching power supply |
| CN104716832B (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2019-03-29 | 深圳市海洋王照明工程有限公司 | A kind of switching power supply |
| CN104038061A (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2014-09-10 | 浙江日风电气有限公司 | Input adaptive auto-excitation type Buck converter |
| CN104038061B (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2016-05-04 | 浙江日风电气股份有限公司 | Input adaptive auto-excitation type Buck converter |
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| CN102522892B (en) | 2014-03-26 |
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