CN101877532A - Bipolar transistor auto-excitation type Buck convertor - Google Patents
Bipolar transistor auto-excitation type Buck convertor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bipolar transistor auto-excitation type Buck convertor which comprises a main circuit of the Buck convertor consisting of a PNP transistor Q1, an inductance L1, a diode D1 and a capacitor C2; the auto-excitation type Buck convertor further comprises a PNP transistor Q2; an emitting electrode of the PNP transistor Q1 is connected with a positive end of DC input voltage Vi; the joint between the inductance L1 and the diode D1 is connected with a collector electrode of the PNP transistor Q1; an emitting electrode and a collector electrode of the PNP transistor Q2 are respectively connected with the emitting electrode and a base electrode of the PNP transistor Q1; the base electrode of the PNP transistor Q1 is connected with a negative end of the DC input voltage Vi by a resistance R1; branch circuits connected with a resistance R2 and a resistance R3 in series are connected at the two ends of the emitting electrode and the collector electrode of the Q1 in parallel; and the joint between the resistance R2 and the resistance R3 is connected with a base electrode of the PNP transistor Q2. The bipolar transistor auto-excitation type Buck convertor has simple circuit structure and fewer components.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to autonomous DC-DC converter, be applied to small power switch voltage stabilizing/stabilized current power supply, high-brightness LED drive circuit etc., especially a kind of auto-excitation type Buck converter.
Background technology
Compare with small-power separated exciting DC-DC converter with the small-power linear power supply, small-power auto-excitation type DC-DC converter has that circuit structure is simple, the components and parts number is few, cost is low, self-starting and the self-shield performance is good, be suitable for wide, the efficient advantages of higher of operating voltage range.
Chinese patent ZL99108088.2 discloses a kind of auto-excitation type buck DC-DC converter, as shown in Figure 1.Form the major loop of Buck converter by PNP transistor Q1, coupling inductance L1, diode D1 and capacitor C 2, Vi, Vo are respectively direct current input, output voltage, and R7 is load.Coupling inductance L2 links to each other with base stage with the emitter of Q1 respectively with resistance R 3 by capacitor C 1, and the emitter and collector of PNP transistor Q2 also links to each other with base stage with the emitter of Q1 respectively.The base stage of Q1 is received the negative terminal of Vi by resistance R 4.R1 and R2 the be in series emitter that is connected to Q1 and the collector electrode two ends of NPN transistor Q3, the contact of R1 and R2 links to each other with the base stage of Q2.The series arm of R5 and R6 is connected to the Vo two ends, and the contact of R5 and R6 links to each other with the base stage of Q3.The emitter of Q3 is connected to the negative terminal of Vi.The operation principle of this auto-excitation type buck DC-DC converter is as follows: when circuit just powers on, and the Q1 saturation conduction, D1, Q2 all end, and Vi, Q1, L1, C2, R7, R5, R6 form the loop, and L1 and C2 are in charging energy storage state.In charging process, the electric current of L1 increases, and the output voltage of circuit increases, and correspondingly the collector volatge of penetrating of Q1 also increases thereupon, and the working point of Q1 is withdrawed from the saturation region gradually, and the voltage at L1 two ends descends simultaneously.Voltage by coupling L2 two ends also reduces thereupon, has strengthened the shunt volume to the Q1 base current simultaneously, causes the base current of Q1 and collector current to reduce, and further increases the collector volatge of penetrating of Q1, and circuit enters a kind of strong positive feedback.The result of this positive feedback work is that the collector current of Q1 reduces rapidly, and just to begin conducting be the L1 afterflow to D1 when less than the electric current of L1, and Q1 ends subsequently.At this moment, L1, C2, R7, R5, R6 and D1 form the loop, and L1 enters discharge and releases the energy state.Treat that the L1 discharge finishes, D1 ends, and Q1 is saturation conduction again, enters next from flyback cycle.Experience several all after dates, when output voltage reaches set point Vo, Voltage Feedback branch road R5, R6, Q3, R1, R2 and Q2 start working.When output voltage was higher than set point, the Q3 conducting caused the Q2 conducting and shunts the base current of a part of Q1, reaches the purpose that shortens the Q1 ON time, prolongs the Q1 turn-off time; When output voltage was lower than set point, Q3 ended, and caused Q2 to end, and recovered former state the switching time of Q1 again.Thus, circuit is realized the output voltage stabilizing.The weak point of this circuit is: essential coupling inductance L2 participates in the self-excitation work of circuit, and coupling inductance L1 and L2 make complicated, and the circuit elements device count is more, and is unfavorable to the cost and the volume that reduce product.
Summary of the invention
For circuit structure complexity, the more deficiency of components and parts number that overcomes existing auto-excitation type DC-DC converter, the invention provides the bipolar transistor auto-excitation type Buck convertor that a kind of circuit structure is simple, the components and parts number is few.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of bipolar transistor auto-excitation type Buck convertor, comprise by PNP transistor Q1, inductance L 1, diode D1 and capacitor C 2 are formed the major loop of Buck converter, the voltage at load R6 two ends is VD Vo, the negative terminal of DC input voitage Vi links to each other with the negative terminal of VD Vo, described load R6 is in parallel with capacitor C 2, the contact of the anode of described VD Vo and capacitor C 2 links to each other with an end of inductance L 1, the other end of described inductance L 1 is connected with the negative electrode of diode D1, the anode of described diode D1 links to each other with the negative terminal of DC input voitage Vi, and the contact of the negative terminal of described VD Vo and capacitor C 2 links to each other with the negative terminal of DC input voitage Vi; Described auto-excitation type Buck converter also comprises PNP transistor Q2, the emitter of PNP transistor Q1 links to each other with the anode of DC input voitage Vi, the contact of inductance L 1 and diode D1 links to each other with the collector electrode of PNP transistor Q1, the emitter and collector of PNP transistor Q2 links to each other with base stage with the emitter of PNP transistor Q1 respectively, the base stage of PNP transistor Q1 also is connected to the negative terminal of DC input voitage Vi by resistance R 1, the series arm of resistance R 2 and resistance R 3 is connected to the emitter and collector two ends of Q1, and the contact of resistance R 2 and resistance R 3 links to each other with the base stage of PNP transistor Q2.
As preferred a kind of scheme: described auto-excitation type Buck converter also comprises the Voltage Feedback branch road, and the series arm of voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 and resistance R 5 is connected to VD Vo two ends, and the contact of voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 and resistance R 5 and the base stage of NPN transistor Q3 link to each other; The collector electrode of NPN transistor Q3 links to each other by the base stage of resistance R 4 and PNP transistor Q2, and the emitter of NPN transistor Q3 is connected to the negative terminal of DC input voitage Vi.
As preferred another kind of scheme: described auto-excitation type Buck converter also comprises the current feedback branch road: parallel branch one end that detects resistance R 5 and capacitor C 3 links to each other with the base stage of resistance R 6 with NPN transistor Q3, and the other end then links to each other with the negative terminal of DC input voitage Vi; The collector electrode of NPN transistor Q3 links to each other by the base stage of resistance R 4 and PNP transistor Q2, and the emitter of NPN transistor Q3 is connected to the negative terminal of DC input voitage Vi.
Further, described resistance R 3 two ends shunt capacitance C1.
Technical conceive of the present invention is: two BJT self-excitation basic element circuits are applied in the Buck converter, make them become new auto-excitation type DC-DC converter (shown in Fig. 2,3).Two BJT self-excitation basic element circuits are made up of transistor Q1 and Q2, resistance R 2 and R3.For thereby the switch working state that improves Q2 and Q1 improves the efficient of circuit, can be at R3 two ends shunt capacitance C1.Its feature is as follows: Q1 is the switching device in the Buck converter major loop, and its emitter links to each other with the emitter and collector of Q2 respectively with base stage.Adopt resistance R 2 and R3 to form the collector volatge of penetrating that bleeder circuit detects Q1, gained detects the base stage that voltage inserts Q2.Penetrate collector volatge according to Q1, Q2 changes the shunt volume of its collector current to the Q1 base current, thereby realizes the turn-on and turn-off time of control Q1.What need to specify is, is applicable to that Q1 and the Q2 in two BJT self-excitation basic element circuits of Buck converter is the PNP transistor.
For obtaining stable output voltage, between circuit output end and two BJT self-excitation basic element circuit, can increase by a Voltage Feedback branch road, can form (as Fig. 2) by NPN transistor Q3, voltage-stabiliser tube Z1, resistance R 4 and R5 etc.For obtaining stable output current, between circuit output end and two BJT self-excitation basic element circuit, can increase by a current feedback branch road so, can form (as Fig. 3) by NPN transistor Q3, resistance R 4, R5 and capacitor C 3 etc.
Beneficial effect of the present invention mainly shows: the BJT type auto-excitation type Buck converter that the present invention proposes has the voltage transformation function of step-down, circuit structure is simple, the components and parts number is few, do not need coupling inductance to participate in the self-excitation work of circuit, be fit to very much application such as small power switch voltage stabilizing/stabilized current power supply, high-brightness LED drive circuit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of existing auto-excitation type buck DC-DC converter.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the bipolar transistor auto-excitation type Buck convertor of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the bipolar transistor auto-excitation type Buck convertor of embodiment 2.
Fig. 4 is the exemplary operation oscillogram of embodiment 1 bipolar transistor auto-excitation type Buck convertor.
Fig. 5 is the exemplary operation oscillogram of embodiment 2 bipolar transistor auto-excitation type Buck convertors.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, a kind of bipolar transistor auto-excitation type Buck convertor, comprise by PNP transistor Q1, inductance L 1, diode D1 and capacitor C 2 are formed the major loop of Buck converter, the voltage at load R6 two ends is VD Vo, the negative terminal of DC input voitage Vi links to each other with the negative terminal of VD Vo, described load R6 is in parallel with capacitor C 2, the contact of the anode of described VD Vo and capacitor C 2 links to each other with an end of inductance L 1, the other end of described inductance L 1 is connected with the negative electrode of diode D1, the anode of described diode D1 links to each other with the negative terminal of DC input voitage Vi, the contact of the negative terminal of described VD Vo and capacitor C 2 links to each other with the negative terminal of DC input voitage Vi, described auto-excitation type Buck converter also comprises PNP transistor Q2, the emitter of PNP transistor Q1 links to each other with the anode of DC input voitage Vi, the contact of inductance L 1 and diode D1 links to each other with the collector electrode of PNP transistor Q1, the emitter and collector of PNP transistor Q2 links to each other with base stage with the emitter of PNP transistor Q1 respectively, the base stage of PNP transistor Q1 also is connected to the negative terminal of DC input voitage Vi by resistance R 1, the series arm of resistance R 2 and resistance R 3 is connected to the emitter and collector two ends of Q1, and the contact of resistance R 2 and resistance R 3 links to each other with the base stage of PNP transistor Q2.
Figure 2 shows that the BJT type auto-excitation type Buck converter of the output voltage stabilization of embodiment 1.Adopted the Voltage Feedback branch road: the series arm of voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 and R5 is connected to the Vo two ends, and the contact of voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 and resistance R 5 and the base stage of NPN transistor Q3 link to each other; The collector electrode of NPN transistor Q3 links to each other by the base stage of resistance R 4 and PNP transistor Q2, and the emitter of Q3 is connected to the negative terminal of Vi.In addition,, can improve the switch working state of PNP transistor Q2 and PNP transistor Q1 at the resistance R 3 two ends shunt capacitance C1 of two BJT self-excitation basic element circuits, helpful to the efficient that improves circuit.
The exemplary operation oscillogram of embodiment illustrated in fig. 41 BJT type auto-excitation type Buck converter.Its circuit working principle is specific as follows:
(1) the circuit electrifying startup stage: t=0 when circuit just powers on, Q1 saturation conduction.This moment Q1 base current iQb1=(Vi-VQeb)/R1, Q1 to penetrate collector volatge vQec1 very little, also do not reach the level that makes the Q2 conducting through R2 and the detected voltage of R3 dividing potential drop.Q2 and D1 are in cut-off state.Vi, Q1, L1, C2 and R6 form the loop, and L1 and C2 are in charging energy storage state, and the current i L1 approximately linear that flows through L1 rises, and output voltage also increases thereupon.When iL1 rose, vQec1 was also increasing.When iL1 rose and surpass HFE*iQb1, the saturation region was withdrawed from the working point of Q1, and vQec1 begins rapid rising.When R2 and the detected voltage of R3 dividing potential drop can make the Q2 conducting, the collector current of Q2 began to shunt a part of iQb1, and the reducing of iQb1 can further make vQec1 increase, and circuit enters a kind of strong positive feedback.The result of this pair of BJT self-excitation basic element circuit positive feedback work is that the collector current iQc1 of Q1 reduces rapidly, when iQc1 during less than inductive current iL1 D1 just to begin conducting be the L1 afterflow, Q1 ends subsequently.T=t1 L1, C2, R6 and D1 constantly forms the loop, and L1 enters discharge and releases the energy state, and iL1 begins approximately linear and descends until being zero, and t=t2 D1 constantly ends.Q1 is saturation conduction once more, and circuit enters next from flyback cycle.Go through several cycles, after the output voltage of circuit reached set point Vo, circuit had just been finished the electrifying startup process, entered the steady operation stage.
(2) the circuit steady operation stage: after the output voltage of circuit reached set point Vo, the Voltage Feedback branch road of circuit just began to work.When output voltage is higher than set point, the Q3 conducting, the Q2 collector current reaches the purpose that shortens Q1 ON time (being t4-t3), prolongs Q1 deadline (being t5-t4) to the shunting action of Q1 base current in the two BJT self-excitation basic element circuits of increasing.When output voltage was lower than set point, Q3 ended, and two BJT self-excitation basic element circuits work alone, and recover former state the switching time of Q1 again.Thus, circuit can realize exporting voltage stabilizing.
Embodiment 2
With reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, present embodiment also comprises the current feedback branch road: parallel branch one end that detects resistance R 5 and capacitor C 3 links to each other with the base stage of NPN transistor Q3 with R6, and the other end then links to each other with the negative terminal of Vi; The collector electrode of Q3 links to each other by the base stage of resistance R 4 and Q2, and the emitter of Q3 is connected to the negative terminal of Vi.
The circuit working principle of present embodiment is specific as follows:
(1) the circuit electrifying startup stage: identical with embodiment 1, go through several cycles, after the output current of circuit reached set point Io, circuit had just been finished the electrifying startup process, entered the steady operation stage.
(2) the circuit steady operation stage: after the output current of circuit reached set point Io, the current feedback branch road of circuit just began to work.When output current is higher than set point, the Q3 conducting, the Q2 collector current reaches the purpose that shortens Q1 ON time (being t4-t3), prolongs Q1 deadline (being t5-t4) to the shunting action of Q1 base current in the two BJT self-excitation basic element circuits of increasing.When output current was lower than set point, Q3 ended, and two BJT self-excitation basic element circuits work alone, and recover former state the switching time of Q1 again.Thus, circuit can realize exporting current stabilization.
Other circuit structures of present embodiment are identical with embodiment 1.
Claims (4)
1. bipolar transistor auto-excitation type Buck convertor, comprise by PNP transistor Q1, inductance L 1, diode D1 and capacitor C 2 are formed the major loop of Buck converter, the voltage at load R6 two ends is VD Vo, the negative terminal of DC input voitage Vi links to each other with the negative terminal of VD Vo, described load R6 is in parallel with capacitor C 2, the contact of the anode of described VD Vo and capacitor C 2 links to each other with an end of inductance L 1, the other end of described inductance L 1 is connected with the negative electrode of diode D1, the anode of described diode D1 links to each other with the negative terminal of DC input voitage Vi, the contact of the negative terminal of described VD Vo and capacitor C 2 links to each other with the negative terminal of DC input voitage Vi, it is characterized in that: described auto-excitation type Buck converter also comprises PNP transistor Q2, the emitter of PNP transistor Q1 links to each other with the anode of DC input voitage Vi, the contact of inductance L 1 and diode D1 links to each other with the collector electrode of PNP transistor Q1, the emitter and collector of PNP transistor Q2 links to each other with base stage with the emitter of PNP transistor Q1 respectively, the base stage of PNP transistor Q1 also is connected to the negative terminal of DC input voitage Vi by resistance R 1, the series arm of resistance R 2 and resistance R 3 is connected to the emitter and collector two ends of Q1, and the contact of resistance R 2 and resistance R 3 links to each other with the base stage of PNP transistor Q2.
2. bipolar transistor auto-excitation type Buck convertor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described auto-excitation type Buck converter also comprises the Voltage Feedback branch road, the series arm of voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 and resistance R 5 is connected to VD Vo two ends, and the contact of voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 and resistance R 5 and the base stage of NPN transistor Q3 link to each other; The collector electrode of NPN transistor Q3 links to each other by the base stage of resistance R 4 and PNP transistor Q2, and the emitter of NPN transistor Q3 is connected to the negative terminal of DC input voitage Vi.
3. bipolar transistor auto-excitation type Buck convertor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described auto-excitation type Buck converter also comprises the current feedback branch road, parallel branch one end that detects resistance R 5 and capacitor C 3 links to each other with the base stage of resistance R 6 with NPN transistor Q3, and the other end then links to each other with the negative terminal of DC input voitage Vi; The collector electrode of NPN transistor Q3 links to each other by the base stage of resistance R 4 and PNP transistor Q2, and the emitter of NPN transistor Q3 is connected to the negative terminal of DC input voitage Vi.
4. as the described bipolar transistor auto-excitation type Buck convertor of one of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that: described resistance R 3 two ends shunt capacitance C1.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102497101A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-06-13 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Self-excited Buck circuit |
| CN102522892A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-06-27 | 浙江工业大学 | Auto-excitation-type Buck converter based on metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) |
| CN102820784A (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2012-12-12 | 浙江工业大学 | BJT (bipolar junction transistor)-type auto-excitation Buck converter with small main switching tube driving loss |
| CN103441672A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-12-11 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Self-excitation BUCK circuit based on auxiliary winding sampling circuit |
| CN104038061A (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2014-09-10 | 浙江日风电气有限公司 | Input adaptive auto-excitation type Buck converter |
| CN104716832A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2015-06-17 | 深圳市海洋王照明工程有限公司 | Stabilized switching power supply |
| CN105141151A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-09 | 浙江工业大学 | Self-excited BJT type bridgeless Boost PFC rectification circuit |
| CN106787715A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-05-31 | 深圳硕日新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of auto-excitation type reduction voltage circuit |
| CN108336907A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-07-27 | 杭州比格飞序生物科技有限公司 | A kind of auto-excitation type interleaving buck converte |
| CN109300295A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-02-01 | 六安腾达信息科技有限公司 | Power information system |
| CN114157147A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-08 | 东南大学 | High-power-density auxiliary power supply based on self-excited buck converter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102522892A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-06-27 | 浙江工业大学 | Auto-excitation-type Buck converter based on metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) |
| CN102522892B (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2014-03-26 | 浙江工业大学 | Auto-excitation-type Buck converter based on metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) |
| CN102497101A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-06-13 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Self-excited Buck circuit |
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| CN102820784A (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2012-12-12 | 浙江工业大学 | BJT (bipolar junction transistor)-type auto-excitation Buck converter with small main switching tube driving loss |
| CN102820784B (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2014-11-12 | 浙江工业大学 | BJT (bipolar junction transistor)-type auto-excitation Buck converter with small main switching tube driving loss |
| CN103441672B (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2016-02-10 | 北京控制工程研究所 | A kind of self-excitation BUCK circuit based on auxiliary winding type sample circuit |
| CN103441672A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-12-11 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Self-excitation BUCK circuit based on auxiliary winding sampling circuit |
| CN104716832A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2015-06-17 | 深圳市海洋王照明工程有限公司 | Stabilized switching power supply |
| CN104716832B (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2019-03-29 | 深圳市海洋王照明工程有限公司 | A kind of switching power supply |
| CN104038061A (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2014-09-10 | 浙江日风电气有限公司 | Input adaptive auto-excitation type Buck converter |
| CN104038061B (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2016-05-04 | 浙江日风电气股份有限公司 | Input adaptive auto-excitation type Buck converter |
| CN105141151B (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2017-06-30 | 浙江工业大学 | Auto-excitation type BJT type bridgeless Boost PFC rectification circuits |
| CN105141151A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-09 | 浙江工业大学 | Self-excited BJT type bridgeless Boost PFC rectification circuit |
| CN106787715A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-05-31 | 深圳硕日新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of auto-excitation type reduction voltage circuit |
| CN106787715B (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2023-04-07 | 深圳硕日新能源科技有限公司 | Self-excitation type voltage reduction circuit |
| CN108336907A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-07-27 | 杭州比格飞序生物科技有限公司 | A kind of auto-excitation type interleaving buck converte |
| CN108336907B (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2023-12-19 | 杭州比格飞序生物科技有限公司 | Self-excited staggered parallel Buck converter |
| CN109300295A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-02-01 | 六安腾达信息科技有限公司 | Power information system |
| CN114157147A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-08 | 东南大学 | High-power-density auxiliary power supply based on self-excited buck converter |
| CN114157147B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2023-08-15 | 东南大学 | High power density auxiliary power supply based on self-excited buck converter |
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