CN102520209A - Quartz flexible accelerometer based on laser self-mixing interference - Google Patents

Quartz flexible accelerometer based on laser self-mixing interference Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102520209A
CN102520209A CN2011104480201A CN201110448020A CN102520209A CN 102520209 A CN102520209 A CN 102520209A CN 2011104480201 A CN2011104480201 A CN 2011104480201A CN 201110448020 A CN201110448020 A CN 201110448020A CN 102520209 A CN102520209 A CN 102520209A
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laser
circuit
mixing interference
self
signal
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CN102520209B (en
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李醒飞
杨颖�
寇科
王错
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Tianjin University
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Tianjin University
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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of inertia detecting instruments. In order to provide an accelerometer having the advantages of high measuring precision, high resolution ratio, wide dynamic range, simple and compact structure, electromagnetic interference resistance and the like, the technical scheme includes that a quartz flexible accelerometer based on laser self-mixing interference comprises a meter and a digital rebalance loop, wherein the meter comprises a shell, a pendulum component, a torquer and a laser self-mixing interference signal sensor, and the digital rebalance loop comprises a laser device driving power supply, a photoelectric detection circuit, a data acquisition circuit, a digital signal processing circuit and a torque current generator. When acceleration is inputted, the laser self-mixing interference signal sensor detects displacement of the pendulum component and converts the displacement into electric signals, the electric signals are converted into current signals in proportion with the acceleration by the aid of the digital rebalance loop, the current signals are fed back to the torquer and lead the torquer to generate rebalance torque, and the acceleration can be obtained by detecting the current of the torquer. The quartz flexible accelerometer is mainly applied to acceleration measurement.

Description

Quartz flexible accelerometer based on laser self-mixing interference
Technical field
The present invention relates to inertia measuring instrument field, especially based on the quartz flexible accelerometer of laser self-mixing interference.
Background technology
Quartz flexible accelerometer is a kind of mechanical pendulous accelerometer; It has precision and highly sensitive, temperature coefficient is little, simple in structure, advantage such as volume is little; Be one of inertia type instrument ideal in accurate inertial navigation, the guidance system, be widely used in Aeronautics and Astronautics, navigation and land navigation control field.
As the fundamental measurement element of inertial navigation, guidance system, the quartz flexible accelerometer precision directly influences the performance of inertial navigation, guidance system.Along with the continuous development of science and technology, the precision of inertial navigation, guidance system improves constantly, and is also increasingly high for the requirement of the resolution of quartz flexible accelerometer and precision.Especially for the big aircraft of the long distance of the needs of current state key development, long-time flight, HAE unmanned plane, under water for AUV and the deep space probe etc., high-precision accelerometer is essential especially.Yet in the domestic existing quartz flexible accelerometer, precision is generally at tens μ g 0/ ppm level, resolution be 5-10 μ g only 0, its performance index are far below external like product, and also exist a certain distance between the requirement of high precision inertial navigation guidance system, need further to improve the measuring accuracy of existing quartz flexible accelerometer.
The raising of accelerometer precision has two kinds of approach: the one, and the eigenfrequency of reduction accelerometer harmonic oscillator reduces but its cost is a frequency span, and another kind of method is to improve the detection level of accelerometer signal sensor.In the quartz flexible accelerometer output capacitance variable quantity of condenser type signal transducer be proportional to displacement square, resolution is limited, obtain high resolving power, the size of system then needs suitable broadening; Receive simultaneously factors such as electronic noise, mechanical thermonoise and environment stray capacitance to influence condenser type signal transducer output signal-to-noise ratio low, reached the detection limit of small capacitance testing circuit, condenser type quartz flexible accelerometer precision is difficult to break through μ g 0/ ppm.
The laser self-mixing interference technology is emerging in recent years a kind of precision optics noncontact measurement; Have advantages such as resolution height, precision height, wide dynamic range, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), and its measuring system only there is one to interfere passage, easy collimation, simple and compact for structure.Current; The laser self-mixing interference technology has been widely used in flaw detection research, measuring three-dimensional morphology, measuring blood flow rate, the measurement of cochlea vibration of thin membrane etc.; Especially laser is from mixing the microdisplacement measurement technology through years development; At present realized being higher than the displacement measurement precision of nanometer, under the structure of conventional quartz flexure accelerometers, corresponding acceleration analysis precision can be higher than 1 μ g in theory 0Up to now, do not see the relevant report that this technology is used for the quartz flexible accelerometer design as yet.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve the deficiency that overcomes prior art; Solve quartz flexible accelerometer receive factors such as size restrictions and electronic noise, mechanical thermonoise, environment stray capacitance influence that resolution is low, precision is difficult for the problem that improves, and a kind of quartz flexible accelerometer based on laser self-mixing interference with advantages such as measuring accuracy height, resolution height, wide dynamic range, simple and compact for structure, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI) is provided.For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is that the quartz flexible accelerometer based on laser self-mixing interference includes: gauge outfit and numeral be the balanced loop again; Gauge outfit is made up of shell, pendulum assembly, torquer, laser self-mixing interference signal transducer; Numeral balanced loop again comprises laser drive power, photoelectric detective circuit, data acquisition circuit, digital signal processing circuit and torque current generator; When acceleration is imported; The laser self-mixing interference signal transducer detects the displacement of pendulum assembly and converts electric signal into; This electric signal is converted into and the proportional current signal of acceleration the balanced loop through numeral again; And feed back to torquer and make it produce trimming moment again, can obtain acceleration through detecting the torquer electric current.
The laser self-mixing interference signal transducer is made up of vertical cavity surface emitting laser VCSEL, photodiode, optical fiber; The pendulum assembly is a quartz pendulous reed; Vertical cavity surface emitting laser VCSEL adopts sawtooth current to drive; Shoot laser focuses on the quartz pendulous reed through collimation lens and produces reflection or scattering, and reflection or the scattered light that part is carried displacement information feeds back in the vertical cavity surface emitting laser VCSEL laser chamber with light generation self-mixed interference in the chamber, causes laser cavity emergent light variable power; The photodetector that is provided with in the laser cavity detects self-mixing interference and is converted into electric signal; This electric signal adopts the whole phase FFT Spectral Analysis Method to extract the phase place of self-mixing interference through converting digital signal into through digital I/V conversion, amplification, filtering and the ADC of balanced loop more then, obtains the displacement of pendulum assembly; Add square in the balanced loop again through numeral, and then obtain high-precision acceleration analysis data through adding the square electric current.
Photoelectric detective circuit is exported photo-signal with gauge outfit and is converted voltage signal into, and photoelectric detective circuit comprises I/V change-over circuit, pre-amplification circuit, and the I/V change-over circuit adopts precision resistance to accomplish the conversion of faint light current signal to voltage signal; Pre-amplification circuit adopts the appearance with high cmrr to use operational amplifier; Data acquisition circuit adopts 24 ADC to accomplish the transformation of simulating signal to digital signal, comprises anti-aliasing filter 503 and A/D change-over circuit; Digital signal processing circuit is mainly accomplished self-mixing interference phase extraction, acceleration demodulation, comprises that power circuit, clock circuit, reset circuit, LCD show; The torque current generator is used to produce the torquer electric current, comprises D/A change-over circuit, smoothed filter circuit and trsanscondutance amplifier.
The present invention adopts the displacement of the responsive quality of laser self-mixing interference measuring method sense acceleration meter, and following advantage is arranged:
1, avoids capacitance acceleration detection method problem based on the acceleration detection method of laser self-mixing interference effect, the problem includes: receive noise and problem that effect of parasitic capacitance accelerometer precision is limited, had advantages such as resolution height, measuring accuracy height, wide dynamic range, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI).
2, the laser self-mixing interference signal transducer only has one to interfere passage, is prone to collimation, simple and compact for structure, and the accelerometer size is further reduced.
3, the laser self-mixing interference signal transducer adopts vertical cavity surface emitting laser HVS6003-001 as light source; Its front end has autocollimation calibration lens; And this laser instrument inside is packaged with photodiode, can be used as photodetector, has further reduced the signal transducer volume.
4, the laser self-mixing interference measurement is based on micro-displacement measurement a little; Adopt the exact position of three points on three road laser measurement pendulums just can adjust the physical location of pendulum, overcome that pendulum rocks and acceleration sensitive axle and carrier movement input shaft do not overlap the error effect that brings to measurement.
5, utilize the whole phase FFT Zymography to carry out the phase demodulating of self-mixing interference, this method can improve self-mixing interference phase extraction precision, and spectral leakage be little, algorithm is simple under the prerequisite that does not increase system complexity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structure principle chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an optical system configuration composition of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a drive circuit for laser schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a numeral of the present invention balanced loop block diagram again.
Embodiment
Patent of the present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of novel quartz flexible accelerometer based on laser self-mixing interference comprises gauge outfit and numeral balanced loop again.Gauge outfit is by shell, pendulum assembly, torquer, laser constitution.Numeral balanced loop again comprises laser drive power, photoelectric detective circuit, data acquisition circuit, digital signal processing circuit and torque current generator.When acceleration is imported; The laser self-mixing interference signal transducer detects the displacement of pendulum assembly and converts electric signal into; This electric signal is converted into and the proportional current signal of acceleration the balanced loop through numeral again; And feed back to torquer and make it produce trimming moment again, can obtain acceleration through detecting the torquer electric current.
The laser self-mixing interference signal transducer is made up of vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL), photodiode, optical fiber, quartz pendulous reed.It is following that it detects principle: VCSEL adopts sawtooth current to drive; Shoot laser focuses on through collimation lens and produces reflection or scattering on the quartz pendulous reed; The exterior light that part is carried displacement information feeds back in the laser chamber with light generation self-mixed interference in the chamber; Cause laser cavity emergent light variable power, photodetector detects self-mixing interference and is converted into electric signal, and this electric signal converts digital signal into through I/V conversion, amplification, filtering and ADC; Adopt the whole phase FFT Spectral Analysis Method to extract the phase place of self-mixing interference then; Obtain the displacement of pendulum assembly, add square in the balanced loop again through numeral, and then obtain high-precision acceleration analysis data through adding the square electric current.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment further explain the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a structure principle chart of the present invention.This novel quartz flexible accelerometer is made up of balanced loop 500 shell 100, pendulum assembly, push-pull type torquer, laser self-mixing interference signal transducer and numeral again.Shell 100 is the hardware of a sealing, and pendulum assembly, torquer, laser self-mixing interference signal transducer are packaged in the shell 100.The pendulum assembly comprises torquer moving-coil 302 and pendulum 202, and torquer moving-coil 302 is installed on the center of pendulum 202 through the mode of glueing joint, and pendulum 202 bottoms connect flexible beam 201 makes the pendulum assembly link to each other with accelerometer housing 100 elasticity.The push-pull type torquer comprises permanent magnet 303, yoke 301, torquer moving winding 302, and yoke 301 is fixed on the middle part of housing 100, and permanent magnet 303 is installed on the center of yoke 301 through cementation method, and passes torquer moving-coil 302.The laser self-mixing interference signal transducer comprises target 401, optical fiber 402, collimation lens 403, laser instrument 404, photodiode 406; Target 401 is installed in the top of pendulum 202; Laser instrument 404, photodiode 406 are packaged in the metal sleeve 405 that is used for scattering; Collimation lens 403 is fixed in sleeve 405 1 ends, and sleeve 405 is installed on the accelerometer housing 100.The output terminal of photodiode 406 connects the input of digital rebalancing circuit 500, and the output current I of digital rebalancing circuit 500 feeds back to torquer moving-coil 302, makes torquer produce trimming moment again.
Fig. 2 representes optical system configuration composition of the present invention.Optical system is made up of photodiode 406, laser instrument 404, collimation lens 403, optical fiber 402, quartz pendulous reed 401, driving power 600.Laser instrument 404 is by driving power 600 driven for emitting lights; Output laser is behind collimation lens 403 collimations; Be radiated at generation reflection and scattering on the quartz pendulous reed 401 through optical fiber 402 transmission; Part light feed back in laser instrument 404 resonator cavitys with the chamber in light mix formation self-mixed interference, modulated laser output power.Laser instrument 404 is vertical cavity surface emitting laser HVS6003-001, and this laser instrument inside is packaged with photodiode, can be used as photodetector, and its front end has autocollimation calibration lens, has further reduced the signal transducer volume.
Fig. 3 representes laser drive power circuit theory diagrams of the present invention.Drive circuit for laser 600 is made up of modulation current source and sawtooth signal generation circuit, Drive Protecting Circuit.The sawtooth signal generator is used to produce the sawtooth wave undulating current of modulated laser output signal, adopts Direct Digital synthesis method of the frequency (DDS) to generate the sawtooth wave drive current, comprises DDS chip 604, frequency adjustment 601, amplitude adjustment 602 and power supply 603.Modulation current source 605 is used to produce constant DC component makes laser works in the range of linearity.The sawtooth signal generator is sent into V/I conversion 608 with the modulation current source after adding circuit 605 stacks can produce the modulating current that is used for drive laser.Holding circuit comprises soft start 607, current-limiting protection 609, and when soft start 607 protection laser instruments do not receive electric power starting and the surge that produces influences, current-limiting protection 609 protection laser works electric currents are lower than the maximum allowed current of VCSEL.
Fig. 4 representes numeral of the present invention balanced loop again.This novel quartz flexible accelerometer numeral balanced loop 500 again is made up of photoelectric detective circuit, data acquisition circuit, digital signal processing circuit, torque current generator.Photoelectric detective circuit is exported photo-signal with gauge outfit and is converted voltage signal into, comprises I/V change-over circuit 501, pre-amplification circuit 502, and I/V change-over circuit 501 adopts precision resistance to accomplish the conversion of faint light current signal to voltage signal; Pre-amplification circuit 502 adopts the appearance with high cmrr to use operational amplifier.Data acquisition circuit adopts 24 ADC to accomplish the transformation of simulating signal to digital signal, comprises anti-aliasing filter 503 and A/D change-over circuit 504.Digital signal processing circuit is mainly accomplished self-mixing interference phase extraction, acceleration demodulation, comprises that power circuit 510, clock circuit 511, reset circuit 512, LCD show 509.The torque current generator is used to produce the torquer electric current, comprises D/A change-over circuit 506, smoothed filter circuit 507 and trsanscondutance amplifier 508.

Claims (3)

1. the quartz flexible accelerometer based on laser self-mixing interference is characterized in that, includes: gauge outfit and numeral be the balanced loop again; Gauge outfit is made up of shell, pendulum assembly, torquer, laser self-mixing interference signal transducer; Numeral balanced loop again comprises laser drive power, photoelectric detective circuit, data acquisition circuit, digital signal processing circuit and torque current generator; When acceleration is imported; The laser self-mixing interference signal transducer detects the displacement of pendulum assembly and converts electric signal into; This electric signal is converted into and the proportional current signal of acceleration the balanced loop through numeral again; And feed back to torquer and make it produce trimming moment again, can obtain acceleration through detecting the torquer electric current.
2. the quartz flexible accelerometer based on laser self-mixing interference as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the laser self-mixing interference signal transducer is made up of vertical cavity surface emitting laser VCSEL, photodiode, optical fiber; The pendulum assembly is a quartz pendulous reed; Vertical cavity surface emitting laser VCSEL adopts sawtooth current to drive; Shoot laser focuses on the quartz pendulous reed through collimation lens and produces reflection or scattering, and reflection or the scattered light that part is carried displacement information feeds back in the vertical cavity surface emitting laser VCSEL laser chamber with light generation self-mixed interference in the chamber, causes laser cavity emergent light variable power; The photodetector that is provided with in the laser cavity detects self-mixing interference and is converted into electric signal; This electric signal adopts the whole phase FFT Spectral Analysis Method to extract the phase place of self-mixing interference through converting digital signal into through digital I/V conversion, amplification, filtering and the ADC of balanced loop more then, obtains the displacement of pendulum assembly; Add square in the balanced loop again through numeral, and then obtain high-precision acceleration analysis data through adding the square electric current.
3. the quartz flexible accelerometer based on laser self-mixing interference as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that; Photoelectric detective circuit is exported photo-signal with gauge outfit and is converted voltage signal into; Photoelectric detective circuit comprises I/V change-over circuit, pre-amplification circuit, and the I/V change-over circuit adopts precision resistance to accomplish the conversion of faint light current signal to voltage signal; Pre-amplification circuit adopts the appearance with high cmrr to use operational amplifier; Data acquisition circuit adopts 24 ADC to accomplish the transformation of simulating signal to digital signal, comprises anti-aliasing filter 503 and A/D change-over circuit; Digital signal processing circuit is mainly accomplished self-mixing interference phase extraction, acceleration demodulation, comprises that power circuit, clock circuit, reset circuit, LCD show; The torque current generator is used to produce the torquer electric current, comprises D/A change-over circuit, smoothed filter circuit and trsanscondutance amplifier.
CN 201110448020 2011-12-28 2011-12-28 Quartz flexible accelerometer based on laser self-mixing interference Expired - Fee Related CN102520209B (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107102168A (en) * 2017-04-27 2017-08-29 青岛智腾微电子有限公司 A kind of quartz flexible accelerometer
CN108240902A (en) * 2016-12-27 2018-07-03 天津大学 A kind of test device and test method of electromagnetic torque device
AU2016394137B2 (en) * 2016-02-25 2018-08-16 Institute Of Geology And Geophysics, Chinese Academy Of Sciences Flexible high-precision accelerometer
CN109682992A (en) * 2019-01-08 2019-04-26 中山大学 A kind of high-precision laser interference accelerometer
CN113405474A (en) * 2021-08-03 2021-09-17 重庆大学 Flexible swing sheet displacement testing device and testing method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN200953027Y (en) * 2006-09-30 2007-09-26 北京航天万新科技有限公司 Improved quartz flexible accelerometer
CN101592678A (en) * 2009-07-03 2009-12-02 北京航天控制仪器研究所 A kind of flexible pendulous accelerometer
CN101639541A (en) * 2009-09-07 2010-02-03 北京航天控制仪器研究所 Accelerometer relative gravity meter
CN201749128U (en) * 2010-08-18 2011-02-16 中国电子科技集团公司第四十三研究所 Servo circuit of quartz flexible accelerometer
CN102024085A (en) * 2010-12-22 2011-04-20 北京航空航天大学 Magnetic-structural coupling simulation method for quartz flexible accelerometer based on finite elements

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN200953027Y (en) * 2006-09-30 2007-09-26 北京航天万新科技有限公司 Improved quartz flexible accelerometer
CN101592678A (en) * 2009-07-03 2009-12-02 北京航天控制仪器研究所 A kind of flexible pendulous accelerometer
CN101639541A (en) * 2009-09-07 2010-02-03 北京航天控制仪器研究所 Accelerometer relative gravity meter
CN201749128U (en) * 2010-08-18 2011-02-16 中国电子科技集团公司第四十三研究所 Servo circuit of quartz flexible accelerometer
CN102024085A (en) * 2010-12-22 2011-04-20 北京航空航天大学 Magnetic-structural coupling simulation method for quartz flexible accelerometer based on finite elements

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2016394137B2 (en) * 2016-02-25 2018-08-16 Institute Of Geology And Geophysics, Chinese Academy Of Sciences Flexible high-precision accelerometer
US10309984B2 (en) 2016-02-25 2019-06-04 Institute Of Geology And Geophysics, Chinese Academy Of Sciences High-precision pendulous accelerometer
CN108240902A (en) * 2016-12-27 2018-07-03 天津大学 A kind of test device and test method of electromagnetic torque device
CN107102168A (en) * 2017-04-27 2017-08-29 青岛智腾微电子有限公司 A kind of quartz flexible accelerometer
CN109682992A (en) * 2019-01-08 2019-04-26 中山大学 A kind of high-precision laser interference accelerometer
CN113405474A (en) * 2021-08-03 2021-09-17 重庆大学 Flexible swing sheet displacement testing device and testing method

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