CN102510272B - Method for realizing frequency spectrum sensing by using multi-phase filter - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for realizing frequency spectrum sensing by using a multi-phase filter. The method is implemented on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) by using a Xilinx/System Generator development tool. According to the method, a multi-phase filtration part and an energy detection part are adopted, wherein the multi-phase filtration part comprises a data type conversion unit, a delay unit, a filter group coefficient address generation unit, a filter group coefficient storage unit, a filter group coefficient analysis unit, a multiplication unit, an addition unit, a clock synchronization unit and a fast Fourier transformation (FFT) unit; the energy detection part comprises the addition unit, the multiplication unit and a mean value acquiring unit; a wireless signal is received and subjected to frequency mixing by an antenna and then converted into I and Q channels of baseband signals; the two channels of baseband signals are sampled by two analog-to-digital converters (ADC) and then converted into digital baseband signals; the digital baseband signals are input into a multi-phase filter group and then filtered under the control of an enabling signal; and the filtered signals are input into the energy detection part and subjected to energy detection, so that the frequency spectrum sensing is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of utilizing multiphase filter group to realize frequency spectrum perception, belong to Digital Signal Processing analysis technical field.
Background technology
At electromagnetic environment detection field, require receiving system can process a plurality of signals that are positioned at different frequency bands simultaneously, carry out broadband signal reception & disposal.It is a kind of effective broadband signal receiving handling method that channelizing based on bank of filters is processed.Meanwhile, the efficient filtering structure of multiphase filter provides guarantee for the real-time that multichannelization receives.The patent No. is that 03109015 patent of invention belongs to the related invention in this field.When engineering practice, the signal data of reception is not often continuous effective; When signal reception, filtering, often also need processing speed and wider frequency band faster.Above problem is carrying out bringing certain difficulty aspect the realizing of frequency spectrum perception.
Summary of the invention
For the defect of prior art, the invention provides a kind of method of utilizing multiphase filter group to realize frequency spectrum perception.
Utilize multiphase filter group to realize a method for frequency spectrum perception, utilize Xilinx/System Generator developing instrument to realize on FPGA; Method comprises multiphase filtering part and energy measuring part; Multiphase filtering partly comprises data type conversion unit, delay unit, bank of filters coefficient address generation unit, bank of filters coefficient storage unit, bank of filters coefficient resolution unit, multiplication unit, adder unit, clock synchronous unit, FFT converter unit; Energy measuring partly comprises adder unit, multiplication unit and asks for equal value cell; Wireless signal is through after antenna reception, mixing, be converted to I, Q two-way baseband signal, two-way baseband signal is through two-way ADC sampling, be converted to two-way digital baseband signal, digital baseband signal is inputted to multiphase filter group, under enable signal is controlled, carry out filtering processing, filtered signal input energy measuring is partly carried out to energy measuring, realize frequency spectrum perception; It is characterized in that, method is as follows:
1) multiphase filtering part, under enable signal en controls, is carried out multiphase filtering to digital baseband signal, the signal on output M sub-channels;
2) energy measuring part successively to the signal on M sub-channels carry out signal energy computation and computing time mean value, obtain the signal energy on every sub-channels, whether have data send, realize frequency spectrum perception if detecting every sub-channels;
Step 1), in, the method for digital baseband signal being carried out to multiphase filtering is as follows:
(1) calculate multiphase filter group coefficient, and store bank of filters coefficient storage unit into;
(2) data type conversion unit intercepts, resolves to fixed point type decimal by the I road receiving and Q road two-way digital baseband signal;
(3) by the I in step (2), Q two-way digital baseband signal input time delay unit, when enable signal is " 1 ", the two-way digital baseband signal numerical value of output current time and time delay M, 2M, a 3M clock unit, and by clock unit of all data delays in delay unit;
(4) scalar/vector inside is an accumulator, and accumulator initial value is " 0 ", and step-length is " 1 ", and the bit wide of output data is log2 (M); Enable signal often detected when " 1 ", accumulator adds " 1 ", the numerical value in output current time accumulator, the i.e. address of bank of filters coefficient storage unit, input filter group coefficient storage unit;
(5) the bank of filters coefficient of storage, according to the address of step (4) input, is exported in bank of filters coefficient storage unit;
(6) bank of filters coefficient resolution unit, intercepts parsing by the bank of filters coefficient of step (5) output, obtains the multiphase filter group coefficient of respective sub-channel;
(7) by the I of output in step (3), Q two-way digital baseband signal respectively with step (6) in the bank of filters multiplication of output;
(8) I, the Q two paths of signals after step (7) is multiplied each other is added respectively, obtains I, the Q two paths of signals value of current subchannel;
(9) enable signal is synchronizeed with the signal value in step (8) after time delay;
(10) under the enable signal after time delay is controlled in step (9), the current subchannel I in step (8), Q two paths of signals value are carried out to buffer memory;
(11) the M sub-channels signal value of getting buffer memory in step (10) is done FFT computing, obtains I, Q two paths of signals on M sub-channels, serial output successively;
In step (1), calculating and the storage means of bank of filters coefficient are as follows:
(1) prototype filter adopts square root raised cosine filter, if prototype filter length L, subchannel number M, the subchannel overlap factor K=L/M of corresponding bank of filters heterogeneous structure, take overlap factor K=4 as example, and the frequency coefficient of subchannel filter is [0.2351470.70710.97196010.9719600.70710.235147];
(2) by subchannel filter frequency coefficient and prototype filter length L, domain coefficient while trying to achieve prototype filter by Fourier inversion;
(3) the prototype filter time domain coefficient matrix in step (2) is carried out to the capable M rank transformation of K and obtain bank of filters heterogeneous structure coefficient, domain coefficient when wherein each row is a sub-channels filter;
(4) the bank of filters heterogeneous structure coefficient matrix in step (3) is turned down up and down, with corresponding with bank of filters filter structure;
(5) K the data of each row in the bank of filters heterogeneous structure coefficient matrix after turnover in step (4) are converted to fixed point type decimal, and reinterpret into without symbol shaping data, then first data of every row are deposited to lowest order, successively to higher memory, K data are deposited highest order, reformulate one without symbol shaping data, store bank of filters coefficient storage unit into;
Step 2), in, the signal energy computation method on subchannel is as follows:
(1) respectively to step 1) in subchannel on I, Q two paths of signals ask square, the numerical value after obtaining square;
(2) by square after two-way numerical value be added the energy value obtain current sub-channel signal;
(3), by enable signal time delay, synchronize with the energy value of step (2);
(4) by the energy value input time delay unit of the current sub-channel signal of step (2) gained, when step (3) enable signal is " 1 ", clock unit of data delay in delay unit, and export energy value and the time delay M of current sub-channel signal, 2M, 3M ... (num-1) energy value of the current sub-channel signal of M clock unit;
(5) num energy value of step (4) output is added and averaged, obtain the energy value of current sub-channel signal, after taking the logarithm, output, completes energy measuring.
Method of the present invention, carries out frequency spectrum perception, makes the edge between different subchannels more precipitous, is easy to distinguish the signal of different subchannels, reduces the interference of adjacent sub-channel signal; Inner at subchannel, frequency spectrum has good stability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart that multiphase filter group realizes frequency spectrum perception.
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of multiphase filtering part.
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of energy measuring part.
Fig. 4 is the frequency spectrum perception design sketch of this patent.
Fig. 5 is with FFT treatment effect figure to received signal.
In Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3,1, multiphase filtering part, 2, energy measuring part, 101, data type conversion unit, 102, delay unit, 103, bank of filters coefficient address generation unit, 104, bank of filters coefficient storage unit, 105, bank of filters coefficient resolution unit, 106, multiplication unit, 107, adder unit, 108, clock synchronous unit, 109, FFT converter unit, 201, ask for equal value cell.
In Fig. 4, parameter: 14 of ADC precision, overlap factor K=4, subchannel number M=256, prototype filter length L=1024,16 of bank of filters coefficient precision, 32 of multiplier precision, energy mean parameter nUm=4, transverse axis coordinate unit Fs/M Hz, Fs is signal sampling frequency, the 10*dBm of ordinate of orthogonal axes unit.
In Fig. 5, parameter: 14 of ADC precision, 32 of multiplier precision, energy mean parameter nUm=4, transverse axis coordinate unit Fs/M Hz, the 10*dBm of ordinate of orthogonal axes unit, the FFT M=256 that counts.
Embodiment
Embodiment:
Utilize multiphase filter group to realize the method for frequency spectrum perception, as shown in Figures 1 to 5.Utilize Xilinx/SystemGenerator developing instrument to realize on FPGA; Method comprises multiphase filtering part and energy measuring part; Multiphase filtering partly comprises data type conversion unit, delay unit, bank of filters coefficient address generation unit, bank of filters coefficient storage unit, bank of filters coefficient resolution unit, multiplication unit, adder unit, clock synchronous unit, FFT converter unit; Energy measuring partly comprises adder unit, multiplication unit and asks for equal value cell; Wireless signal is through after antenna reception, mixing, be converted to I, Q two-way baseband signal, two-way baseband signal is through two-way ADC sampling, be converted to two-way digital baseband signal, digital baseband signal is inputted to multiphase filter group, under enable signal is controlled, carry out filtering processing, filtered signal input energy measuring is partly carried out to energy measuring, realize frequency spectrum perception; It is characterized in that, method is as follows:
1) multiphase filtering part, under enable signal en controls, is carried out multiphase filtering to digital baseband signal, the signal on output M sub-channels;
2) energy measuring part successively to the signal on M sub-channels carry out signal energy computation and computing time mean value, obtain the signal energy on every sub-channels, whether have data send, realize frequency spectrum perception if detecting every sub-channels;
Step 1), in, the method for digital baseband signal being carried out to multiphase filtering is as follows:
(1) calculate multiphase filter group coefficient, and store bank of filters coefficient storage unit into;
(2) data type conversion unit intercepts, resolves to fixed point type decimal by the I road receiving and Q road two-way digital baseband signal;
(3) by the I in step (2), Q two-way digital baseband signal input time delay unit, when enable signal is " 1 ", the two-way digital baseband signal numerical value of output current time and time delay M, 2M, a 3M clock unit, and by clock unit of all data delays in delay unit;
(4) scalar/vector inside is an accumulator, and accumulator initial value is " 0 ", and step-length is " 1 ", and the bit wide of output data is log2 (M); Enable signal often detected when " 1 ", accumulator adds " 1 ", the numerical value in output current time accumulator, the i.e. address of bank of filters coefficient storage unit, input filter group coefficient storage unit;
(5) the bank of filters coefficient of storage, according to the address of step (4) input, is exported in bank of filters coefficient storage unit;
(6) bank of filters coefficient resolution unit, intercepts parsing by the bank of filters coefficient of step (5) output, obtains the multiphase filter group coefficient of respective sub-channel;
(7) by the I of output in step (3), Q two-way digital baseband signal respectively with step (6) in the bank of filters multiplication of output;
(8) I, the Q two paths of signals after step (7) is multiplied each other is added respectively, obtains I, the Q two paths of signals value of current subchannel;
(9) enable signal is synchronizeed with the signal value in step (8) after time delay;
(10) under the enable signal after time delay is controlled in step (9), the current subchannel I in step (8), Q two paths of signals value are carried out to buffer memory;
(11) the M sub-channels signal value of getting buffer memory in step (10) is done FFT computing, obtains I, Q two paths of signals on M sub-channels, serial output successively;
In step (1), calculating and the storage means of bank of filters coefficient are as follows:
(1) prototype filter adopts square root raised cosine filter, if prototype filter length L, subchannel number M, the subchannel overlap factor K=L/M of corresponding bank of filters heterogeneous structure, take overlap factor K=4 as example, and the frequency coefficient of subchannel filter is [0.2351470.70710.97196010.9719600.70710.235147];
(2) by subchannel filter frequency coefficient and prototype filter length L, domain coefficient while trying to achieve prototype filter by Fourier inversion;
(3) the prototype filter time domain coefficient matrix in step (2) is carried out to the capable M rank transformation of K and obtain bank of filters heterogeneous structure coefficient, domain coefficient when wherein each row is a sub-channels filter;
(4) the bank of filters heterogeneous structure coefficient matrix in step (3) is turned down up and down, with corresponding with bank of filters filter structure;
(5) K the data of each row in the bank of filters heterogeneous structure coefficient matrix after turnover in step (4) are converted to fixed point type decimal, and reinterpret into without symbol shaping data, then first data of every row are deposited to lowest order, successively to higher memory, K data are deposited highest order, reformulate one without symbol shaping data, store bank of filters coefficient storage unit into;
Step 2), in, the signal energy computation method on subchannel is as follows:
(1) respectively to step 1) in subchannel on I, Q two paths of signals ask square, the numerical value after obtaining square;
(2) by square after two-way numerical value be added the energy value obtain current sub-channel signal;
(3), by enable signal time delay, synchronize with the energy value of step (2);
(4) by the energy value input time delay unit of the current sub-channel signal of step (2) gained, when step (3) enable signal is " 1 ", clock unit of data delay in delay unit, and export energy value and the time delay M of current sub-channel signal, 2M, 3M ... (num-1) energy value of the current sub-channel signal of M clock unit;
(5) num energy value of step (4) output is added and averaged, obtain the energy value of current sub-channel signal, after taking the logarithm, output, completes energy measuring.
Claims (1)
1. utilize multiphase filter group to realize a method for frequency spectrum perception, utilize Xilinx/System Generator developing instrument to realize on FPGA; Method comprises multiphase filter group and energy measuring part; Multiphase filter group comprises data type conversion unit, delay unit, bank of filters coefficient address generation unit, bank of filters coefficient storage unit, bank of filters coefficient resolution unit, multiplication unit, adder unit, clock synchronous unit, FFT converter unit; Energy measuring partly comprises adder unit, multiplication unit, asks for equal value cell and delay unit; Wireless signal is through after antenna reception, mixing, be converted to I, Q two-way baseband signal, two-way baseband signal is through two-way ADC sampling, be converted to two-way digital baseband signal, by described two-way digital baseband signal input multiphase filter group, under enable signal is controlled, carry out filtering processing, filtered signal input energy measuring is partly carried out to energy measuring, realize frequency spectrum perception; It is characterized in that, method is as follows:
1) multiphase filter group, under enable signal is controlled, is carried out multiphase filtering to described two-way digital baseband signal, the signal on output M sub-channels;
2) energy measuring part successively to the signal on M sub-channels carry out signal energy computation and computing time mean value, obtain the signal energy on every sub-channels, whether have data send, realize frequency spectrum perception if detecting every sub-channels;
In step 1), the method that described two-way digital baseband signal is carried out to multiphase filtering is as follows:
(1) calculating filter group coefficient, and store bank of filters coefficient storage unit into;
(2) data type conversion unit intercepts, resolves to fixed point type decimal by the I road receiving and Q road two-way digital baseband signal;
(3) by the I in step (2), Q two-way digital baseband signal input time delay unit, when enable signal is " 1 ", by all data delay M clock units in delay unit, the two-way digital baseband signal numerical value of output current time and time delay M, 2M, a 3M clock unit;
(4) bank of filters coefficient address generation unit inside is an accumulator, and accumulator initial value is " 0 ", and step-length is " 1 ", and the bit wide of output data is log2 (M); Enable signal often detected when " 1 ", accumulator adds " 1 ", the numerical value in output current time accumulator, the i.e. address of bank of filters coefficient, input filter group coefficient storage unit;
(5) the bank of filters coefficient of storage, according to the address of step (4) input, is exported in bank of filters coefficient storage unit;
(6) bank of filters coefficient resolution unit, intercepts parsing by the bank of filters coefficient of step (5) output, obtains the bank of filters coefficient of respective sub-channel;
(7) by the I of output in step (3), Q two-way digital baseband signal respectively with step (6) in the bank of filters multiplication of output;
(8) I, the Q two paths of signals after step (7) is multiplied each other is added respectively, obtains I, the Q two paths of signals value of current subchannel;
(9) enable signal is synchronizeed with the signal value in step (8) after time delay;
(10) under the enable signal after time delay is controlled in step (9), the current subchannel I in step (8), Q two paths of signals value are carried out to buffer memory;
(11) the M sub-channels signal value of getting buffer memory in step (10) is done FFT computing, obtains I, Q two paths of signals on M sub-channels, serial output successively;
In step (1), calculating and the storage means of bank of filters coefficient are as follows:
A, prototype filter adopt square root raised cosine filter, if prototype filter length L, subchannel number M, the subchannel overlap factor K=L/M of corresponding bank of filters heterogeneous structure, when overlap factor K=4, the frequency coefficient of subchannel filter is [0.235147 0.7071 0.971960 1 0.971960 0.7071 0.235147];
B, by subchannel filter frequency coefficient and prototype filter length L, domain coefficient while trying to achieve prototype filter by Fourier inversion;
C, the prototype filter time domain coefficient matrix in step b is carried out to the capable M rank transformation of K obtain bank of filters heterogeneous structure coefficient, domain coefficient when wherein each row is a sub-channels filter;
D, the bank of filters heterogeneous structure coefficient matrix in step c is turned down up and down, with corresponding with bank of filters filter structure;
E, by steps d turnover after bank of filters heterogeneous structure coefficient matrix in each row K data be converted to fixed point type decimal, and reinterpret into without symbol shaping data, then first data of every row are deposited to lowest order, successively to higher memory, K data are deposited highest order, reformulate one without symbol shaping data, store bank of filters coefficient storage unit into;
Step 2), in, the signal energy computation method on subchannel is as follows:
(1) respectively I, Q two paths of signals on one of them subchannel of the final output of step 1) are asked square the numerical value after obtaining square;
(2) by square after two-way numerical value be added the energy value obtain current sub-channel signal;
(3), by enable signal time delay, synchronize with the energy value of step (2);
(4) by the energy value input time delay unit of the current sub-channel signal of step (2) gained, when step (3) enable signal is " 1 ", a data delay M clock unit in delay unit, and export energy value and the time delay M of current sub-channel signal, 2M, 3M ... (num-1) energy value of the current sub-channel signal of M clock unit;
(5) num energy value of step (4) output is added and averaged, obtain the energy value of current sub-channel signal, after taking the logarithm, output, completes energy measuring.
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| CN109543354A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-29 | 中科院计算技术研究所南京移动通信与计算创新研究院 | A kind of down-sampled design method of baseband signal based on modelling and storage medium |
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