CN102510228A - Digital high-frequency high-voltage power supply device of electron beam welding machine and control method thereof - Google Patents
Digital high-frequency high-voltage power supply device of electron beam welding machine and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control method and a device of a digital high-frequency high-voltage power supply of an electron beam welding machine, wherein three-phase commercial power is used for supplying power, and an AC → DC → AC → DC current change mode is adopted, a middle DC → DC high-frequency chopping direct-current voltage regulation link is adopted, and DC → AC is a high-frequency inversion link; the high-frequency high-voltage transformer realizes energy transfer, voltage boosting and high-voltage insulation; the high-voltage power supply adopts a negative feedback control mode, adopts a digital proportional-integral regulator mechanism, completes regulation in a digital controller, generates a PWM pulse signal with variable pulse width to control a high-frequency chopping voltage regulation unit, completes closed-loop control of the high-voltage power supply, realizes automatic stable regulation of output high voltage, and has the characteristics of small harmonic interference on a power grid, high-voltage ripple output, high precision, high efficiency and full digital.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electron beam welding equipment and control device thereof, be specially electron beam welding machine digitalization high frequency high voltage source square law device and control method thereof.
Background technology
Electron beam welding is a kind of welding procedure of utilizing electron beam as thermal source; Meeting runaway electron when the cathode filament in the electron gun is heated to certain temperature; Electronics is accelerated under the effect of high voltage electric field; Focus on the back through electromagnetic lens and form the high electron beam of energy-intensive degree, when the beam bombardment face of weld, powerful kinetic energy moment of electronics is changed heat energy into; Make metal melting, reach the purpose of welding.Compare characteristics such as electron beam welding has that power density is big, welding seam deep width ratio is big, speed of welding is fast, thermal impact is little, welding deformation is little, weld seam purity height and weldable material are many with welding manner commonly used.Electron beam welding machine is a kind of high-tech product that combines multiple technologies such as physical vacuum, electronic technology, electron optics, high voltage technique, computer and control technology.Electron beam welding machine high voltage source control method and device commonly used in the market mainly contain following several types:
(1) industrial frequency AC input → transformer pressure regulation → Industrial Frequency Transformer boosts → high-voltage rectifying filtering output.Characteristics are that the mains by harmonics interference is less, but equipment is heavy, efficient is low, system's governing speed slow, degree of regulation is poor.Used by early stage electron beam welding machine product, do not adopted this kind scheme at present.
(2) industrial frequency AC input → power frequency thyristor interchange pressure regulation → Industrial Frequency Transformer boosts → high-voltage rectifying filtering output.Characteristics are that system's governing speed is very fast, degree of regulation is higher, but the high-voltage filtering capacitor value is big, bigger to the mains by harmonics interference, for the electron beam furnace product generally uses, but in the electron beam product, is eliminated gradually.
(3) industrial frequency AC input → intermediate frequency generator pressure regulation → intermediate frequency transformer boosts → high-voltage rectifying filtering output.Characteristics be to mains by harmonics disturb little, degree of regulation is higher, but system's governing speed is slow, the intermediate frequency generator price is higher, noise is big.For present China electron beam welding machine product generally uses.
(4) industrial frequency AC input → Industrial Frequency Transformer boosts → high-voltage rectifying filtering → high-voltage electrical tube series voltage-regulating → hv filtering output.Characteristics are that the high-voltage filtering capacitor value is less; To mains by harmonics disturb little, system's governing speed is fast, degree of regulation is high; But efficient is low, high-voltage electrical tube is particular device, and manufacture difficulty is big, equipment volume is big, manufacturing cost is high, in national electron beam welding machine products such as Russia and Ukraine, use.
(5) industrial frequency AC input → industrial frequency rectifying filtering → high-frequency inversion pressure regulation → high frequency transformer boosts → output of high-frequency and high-voltage rectifying and wave-filtering.Characteristics are that system's governing speed is very fast, degree of regulation is high, equipment volume is little, manufacturing cost is lower, but high-frequency inverter and high frequency high voltage transformer manufacture difficulty are big.For present American-European electron beam welding machine product generally adopts.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of control method and supply unit of digitized contravariant electron beam high-frequency and high-voltage power supply.Characteristics are that mains by harmonics is disturbed characteristics such as little, that system's governing speed is fast, precision is high, output high pressure ripple is little, manufacturing is simple, simple to operate, digital.
Basic design of the present invention is to adopt industrial frequency AC input → industrial frequency rectifying filtering → DC chopped-wave voltage-regulating → high-frequency inversion → high frequency high voltage transformer to boost → technology path that the high-frequency and high-voltage rectifying and wave-filtering is exported; Get high-voltage output end resistance tower voltage division signal and go to control the duty ratio of high frequency chopping as negative-feedback signal; Realize the closed-loop control of high voltage source, make the output high pressure reach stable regulation.
To achieve these goals; The control method of the electron beam welding machine digitalization high frequency high voltage source that the present invention designed; Comprise the stable regulation of exporting high tension voltage, promptly power supply is supplied power by the three-phase mains, adopts AC → DC → DC → AC → DC electric current variation pattern; Middle DC → DC high frequency chopping direct current voltage reulation link, DC → AC is the high-frequency inversion link; Realize the boosting and High-Voltage Insulation of transmission, voltage of energy by high frequency high voltage transformer; Go to control the duty ratio of high frequency chopping with high-voltage output end resistance tower voltage division signal as negative-feedback signal, realize that output high pressure automatic stabilisation regulates.
The digital high frequency and high voltage power supply device of a kind of electron beam welding machine is characterized in that: comprise line filter, input rectifying filter unit, high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit, high-frequency inversion unit, high frequency high voltage transformer, filtering high-frequency rectifier unit, electrion chokes unit, high-pressure sampling unit, electronic beam current sample resistance, signal processing and fault comprehensive unit, digitial controller, drive circuit unit, man-machine interaction unit; The input and the three phase network of line filter join, and the direct current input side of input rectifying filter unit mesolow rectifier is sent in its output; The uncontrollable direct current of input rectifying filter unit output is sent to the input side of high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit, and high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit becomes uncontrollable direct current into controlled direct current, and the input side of high-frequency inversion unit is sent in its output; The alternating current of high-frequency inversion unit output is sent into the elementary winding of high frequency high voltage transformer; High-voltage rectifying bridge in the filtering high-frequency rectifier unit that the high-frequency high-voltage of the secondary output of high frequency high voltage transformer is sent into high frequency high voltage transformer links to each other exchange input side; The high-voltage rectifying bridge is exported after filtering, and the high-voltage output end of filtering high-frequency rectifier unit is connected to electrion chokes unit, and its low-pressure end joins through the anode of electronic beam current sample resistance and the earth and electron gun; Electrion chokes unit output is connected to the negative electrode of electron gun; The high-pressure sampling unit is connected between electrion chokes unit output and the earth, and the signal of output is as the high pressure output voltage feedback signal; The signal of electronic beam current sample resistance output is as the electronic beam current feedback signal; High pressure output voltage feedback signal and electronic beam current signal all are connected to the input of signal processing and fault comprehensive unit, and the conversion of analog signal to digital signal accomplished in signal processing and fault comprehensive unit, and the input of its output and digitial controller joins; In digitial controller, carry out digital regulatedly, produce pwm pulse signal; The pwm pulse signal of the output output of controller is connected to the control utmost point of each switching power tube in the high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit after drive circuit unit is isolated amplification; Man-machine interaction unit is accomplished the setting and the storage of high voltage source parameter, and power parameter is reached digitial controller.
Further, said high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit comprises switching power tube, fly-wheel diode, filter inductance and filter capacitor; The high-frequency inversion unit comprises the H inverter bridge, and said H inverter bridge is made up of four switching power tubes, four fly-wheel diodes and a buffer circuit.
The control method of the digital high frequency and high voltage power supply device of aforesaid electron beam welding machine; High frequency chopping pressure regulation unit is sent in the three-phase mains after filtering, rectification; High frequency chopping pressure regulation unit converts uncontrollable direct current to controlled direct current; By the high-frequency inversion unit controlled dc inverter is become high-frequency alternating current, rectification output obtains high voltage direct current after boosting through high frequency high voltage transformer again; This high voltage source adopts degenerative control mode; In digitial controller, accomplishing numerical scale-integration regulates; Produce the pwm pulse signal of pulse width variation; After isolating and amplifying, remove to drive the switching power tube in the high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit, recently control its output voltage average value, accomplish the closed-loop control of high voltage source through the duty that changes said switching power tube.
Further; Signal processing and fault comprehensive unit also comprise signal processing unit and fault comprehensive unit; Signal processing unit is accepted the feedback signal from high-pressure sampling unit, electronic beam current sample resistance, high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit, high-frequency inversion unit; After signal processing unit is isolated amplification and is handled,, analog to digital converter sends into digitial controller after changing into digital quantity, the high voltage source running status is monitored in real time; The fault comprehensive unit is accepted to compare from the voltage signal of signal behind the signal processing unit and setting; Unusual time output fault-signal occurs and directly block pwm pulse signal; And fault-signal reached digitial controller, realize the multiple protective of high voltage source.
Such scheme also comprises the control of high frequency chopping pressure regulation and high-frequency inversion unit drives, and the pressure regulation of direct voltage is mainly accomplished in high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit, and the conversion of direct voltage to alternating voltage accomplished in the high-frequency inversion unit; High frequency chopping pressure regulation unit is made up of the Buck circuit, and the high-frequency inversion unit is made up of the H inverter bridge, and the pulse of their all switching tubes directly produces by digitial controller (DSP or ARM).Output feedback signal is sent into digitial controller after analog to digital converter (A/D) changes into digital quantity; In digitial controller, carrying out numerical scale-integration (PI) regulates; The corresponding pwm pulse of Direct Production then; Through isolating and amplifying the rear drive switching tube, accomplish the closed-loop control of high voltage source, whole process is accomplished by digitial controller.
Such scheme also comprises fault protecting method, and when promptly faults such as overvoltage, overcurrent appearred in high pressure, the pwm pulse of all power switch pipes was all blocked.
After said fault protecting method reaches the blocking time of setting in the electrion fault, the output pwm pulse of DC chopped-wave and inverter circuit will be disengaged blockade automatically, and the realization high pressure is restarted automatically; Then regard as catastrophe failure when setting-up time inner high voltage fault frequency surpasses set point number, block all pwm pulses this moment fully, pending fault is manually restarted high voltage source after getting rid of again.
Above-mentioned error protection control specifically comprises the following steps: the electronic beam current signal on signal processing and the fault comprehensive unit detected electrons line sample resistance, is judged to the electronic beam current over current fault if surpass the higher limit of setting; Signal processing and fault comprehensive unit detect the output signal of high-pressure sampling unit, are judged to high pressure accelerating voltage overvoltage fault if surpass the higher limit of setting; Signal processing and fault comprehensive unit detect the output signal of high-pressure sampling unit, are judged to accelerating power source generation electrion fault if produce negative kick variation; Drive circuit unit detects the temperature signal of each power switch pipe, and any switching power tube surpasses the temperature value upper limit of setting and just is judged to the switching power tube overload fault; Drive circuit unit also detect simultaneously each switching power tube by the tube voltage drop after driving, detected value surpasses the higher limit of setting and is judged to the switching power tube over current fault arbitrarily; Signal processing and fault comprehensive unit detect the output signal of direct current supply current sampling circuit unit, are judged to the supply current fault if exceed the higher limit of setting; When above-mentioned arbitrary fault takes place, all produce corresponding fault output signal, and block pwm pulse signal immediately.If produce the electrion fault, pwm pulse signal is automatically terminating blockade after blocking 0.5～5 millisecond, and the realization high pressure is restarted automatically; If the electrion number of times surpasses set point number then is judged to " permanent fault " in the setting-up time section, manually restart high voltage source with the same mains supply power supply and the high pressure setting signal of cutting off of measure of handling other fault type, pending fault again after getting rid of this moment.
Said high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit comprises switching power tube, fly-wheel diode, filter inductance and filter capacitor; High frequency chopping pressure regulation unit output voltage average value equals the ON time of chopping switch and the ratio of chopping cycle with the ratio of voltage, and the duty ratio that changes switching power tube just can be controlled its output voltage average value.The high-frequency inversion unit is made up of the H inverter bridge, comprises four switching power tubes, four fly-wheel diodes and a buffer circuit; The output of H inverter bridge is connected to the elementary winding of high frequency high voltage transformer; This supply unit also comprises signal processing unit and fault comprehensive unit; Signal processing unit is accepted the feedback signal from high-pressure sampling unit, electronic beam current sample resistance, high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit, high-frequency inversion unit; Isolate and processing through signal processing unit earlier, after analog to digital converter (A/D) changes into digital quantity, send into digitial controller then, the high voltage source running status is monitored in real time; This unit also compares the voltage signal of feedback signal and setting; Unusual time output fault-signal occurs and directly block pwm pulse signal, and fault-signal is reached digitial controller, realize the multiple protective of high voltage source.
Above-mentioned line filter is used to cut off the electromagnetic interference (EMI) route of transmission; The input rectifying filter unit is transformed into straight uncontrollable direct current with three-phase alternating current; High frequency chopping pressure regulation unit is transformed into controlled direct current with uncontrollable direct current of input rectifying filter unit output, and the duty ratio of regulating the switching power tube of high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit just can change the high pressure output voltage; The conversion of direct current to alternating current accomplished in the high-frequency inversion unit; Boosting and High-Voltage Insulation of the transmission of high frequency high voltage transformer realization energy, voltage; The filtering high-frequency rectifier unit converts the high voltagehigh frequency alternating current to straight high voltage direct current; Electrion chokes unit is used to suppress the climbing speed of electrion electric current, slows down the battery impact strength of discharge generation; The high-pressure sampling unit is used to measure the high pressure output voltage values, and output is proportional to the sampled signal of high tension voltage; The electronic beam current sample resistance is used for the Measurement of Electron Beam flow valuve, and output is proportional to the sampled signal of electronic beam current size; Signal processing and fault comprehensive unit; After feedback signal isolated earlier and amplify; Convert analog quantity to digital quantity then, simultaneously the signal magnitude of feedback signal and setting is made comparisons, be used to judge whether to produce high pressure overvoltage fault, electronic beam current over current fault, electrion fault, switching power tube fault (overcurrent, overload and excess temperature), direct current supply overcurrent fault; When breaking down, and fault message is encoded; Digitial controller is the control core of whole high voltage source; Feedback signal is sent into digitial controller after signal processing and fault comprehensive unit change into digital quantity; In digitial controller, carry out numerical scale-integration (PI) and regulate, the pwm pulse of Direct Production change in duty cycle is isolated and amplification rear drive switching power tube through drive circuit unit then; Accomplish the closed-loop control of high voltage source, whole process is accomplished by the digitial controller unit; The pwm pulse signal that drive circuit unit produces digitial controller is isolated and is amplified; Man-machine interaction unit is accomplished parameter demonstration, fault demonstration, parameter setting and the storage of high voltage source, and power parameter is reached digitial controller.
The electron beam welding machine high voltage source is directly by supplying power after the rectification of three-phase mains; High frequency chopping pressure regulation unit converts uncontrollable direct current to controlled direct current; Inversion unit becomes high-frequency alternating current to dc inverter, and rectification output obtains high voltage direct current after boosting through high frequency high voltage transformer; High voltage source adopts degenerative control mode; Adopt numerical scale-integration (PI) adjuster mechanism; In digitial controller, accomplish and regulate, the pwm pulse signal that produces pulse width variation goes to control high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit, accomplishes the closed-loop control of high voltage source; The high frequency chopping link is by single tube Buck, synchronously Buck or heterogeneous (two reach mutually two mutually more than) staggered Buck circuit are formed, and the switching frequency of every kind of Buck circuit is identical; The high-frequency inversion unit is made up of half-bridge, two phases or three-phase inverter bridge circuit; High frequency transformer and high-frequency rectification bridge are formed a power supply unit group, and the total output after the output of a power supply unit group or a plurality of unit group connects through serial or parallel connection is exported as high voltage source.The core material of high frequency transformer can adopt ferrite, and whole high frequency transformer manufacturing process is simple, and the galvanic ripple frequency of high-voltage rectifying output is several times (multiple equals power supply unit group number) of high-frequency inversion frequency.The high-pressure pulsating wave frequency is very high like this, to needing to select very little high-voltage filtering capacitor value just can filtering exchange ripple component, satisfies the ripple coefficient requirement.The system inertia time constant is little on the one hand to choose the very little electric capacity of high-voltage filtering capacitor value; Help improving the regulating frequency of control system; The energy storage is few on the other hand, and the impact that produces during electrion is naturally little, helps improving the power-supply system reliability of operation.
Maximum characteristics of the present invention are to adopt the digital control technology of high frequency chopping pressure regulation and high-frequency inversion; Technology also is easier to realize; High frequency high voltage transformer adopts Ferrite Material; Greatly reduce the quality and the health check-up of transformer, but quick adjustment, the output voltage ripple of electron gain bundle welding machine high voltage source are little, fault is protected fast, discharge from restarting and effect such as digitlization.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is electron beam welding machine digitalization high frequency high-voltage power apparatus embodiment 1 structural scheme of mechanism of the present invention, and label is among the figure: 1, line filter; 2, input rectifying filter unit; 3, high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit; 4, high-frequency inversion unit; 5, high frequency high voltage transformer; 6, high-voltage rectifying filter unit; 7, electrion chokes unit; 8, high-pressure sampling unit; 9, electronic beam current sample resistance; 10, signal processing and fault comprehensive unit; 11, digitial controller; 12, drive circuit unit; 13, man-machine interaction unit.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Fig. 1 medium-high frequency chopper control unit and high-frequency inversion unit; Label is among the figure: 3-1, switching power tube; 3-2, fly-wheel diode; 3-3, filter inductance; 3-4, filter capacitor; 4-1, high-frequency inversion unit left upper arm switching power tube; 4-2, a left side, high-frequency inversion unit underarm switching power tube; 4-3, high-frequency inversion unit left upper arm fly-wheel diode; 4-4, a left side, high-frequency inversion unit underarm fly-wheel diode; 4-5, high-frequency inversion unit buffer circuit; 4-6, the elementary winding of high frequency high voltage transformer; 4-7, right bridge arm circuit.
Fig. 3 is the mechanism map of the another kind of embodiment of electron beam welding machine high-voltage power apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The electron beam welding machine digitalization high frequency high-voltage power apparatus of present embodiment; As shown in Figure 1, mainly constitute by line filter 1, input rectifying filter unit 2, high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit 3, high-frequency inversion unit 4, high frequency high voltage transformer 5, filtering high-frequency rectifier unit 6, electrion chokes unit 7, high-pressure sampling unit 8, electronic beam current sample resistance 9, signal processing and fault comprehensive unit 10, digitial controller 11, drive circuit unit 12, man-machine interaction unit 13.
The input of line filter 1 links to each other with the electrical network of three-phase 380V, and the interchange input side of rectifier bridge in the input rectifying filter unit 2 is sent in its output.Line filter 1 is used to cut off the electromagnetic interference (EMI) route of transmission.
The straight direct current of input rectifying filter unit 2 outputs is sent into the input side of high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit 3.Input rectifying filter unit 2 is used for three-phase alternating current is transformed into straight uncontrollable direct current.
Controlled direct current is sent into the direct-flow input end of inverter bridge in the high-frequency inversion unit 4 in high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit 3.High frequency chopping pressure regulation unit 3 is made up of switching power tube, fly-wheel diode, filter inductance and filter capacitor; High frequency chopping pressure regulation unit output voltage average value equals the ON time of chopping switch and the ratio of chopping cycle with the ratio of voltage, and the duty ratio that changes switching power tube just can be controlled its output voltage average value, and then changes the high pressure output voltage values.
High-frequency inversion unit 4 is made up of a single-phase inversion H bridge, and the high-frequency alternating current of H inverter bridge output is sent into the elementary winding of high frequency high voltage transformer 5.Shown in the H inverter bridge 4 as 2, high-frequency inversion unit 4 comprises the left brachium pontis and the right bridge arm circuit of symmetry, and left and right brachium pontis respectively comprises two switching power tubes, two fly-wheel diodes and a buffer circuit; Upper left brachium pontis switching power tube 4-1 and upper left brachium pontis fly-wheel diode 4-3 inverse parallel; A left side is brachium pontis switching power tube 4-2 and left side brachium pontis fly-wheel diode 4-4 inverse parallel down down, is connected to the output of high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit after brachium pontis is connected under upper left bridge arm circuit and the left side again with buffer circuit 4-5 parallelly connectedly; The output of H inverter bridge is connected to the elementary winding of high frequency high voltage transformer 5.
High frequency high voltage transformer 5 comprises four single-phase transformers, and the iron core of transformer adopts Ferrite Material, and the high-frequency and high-voltage of each transformer secondary output output is sent into the interchange input side of one group of single-phase high voltage rectifier bridge in the filtering high-frequency rectifier unit 6.High frequency high voltage transformer 5 is used to realize the boosting and High-Voltage Insulation of transmission, voltage of energy.
6 each the high-voltage rectifying bridge output series connection outputs again after high-voltage capacitance filtering of high-frequency and high-voltage rectification filtering unit are always exported high-pressure side and are connected to electrion chokes unit 7, and low-pressure end joins through the anode of electronic beam current sample resistance 9 with the earth and electron gun.High-frequency and high-voltage current rectifying and wave filtering circuit unit 6 is transformed into straight high voltage direct current with the high-frequency and high-voltage alternating current.
The output of electrion chokes unit 7 is connected to the negative electrode of electron gun.Electrion chokes unit 7 is used to suppress the climbing speed of electrion electric current, slows down the electromagnetic impact intensity that electrion produces.
High-pressure sampling unit 8 is connected to electrion chokes unit 7 outputs between the earth, and the signal of output is sent into signal processing and fault comprehensive unit 10 as the high pressure output feedback signal.High-pressure sampling unit 8 is used to measure the high pressure output voltage values, and output is proportional to the sampled signal of high pressure output voltage.
Electronic beam current sample resistance 9 is serially connected with the low-pressure end of accelerating voltage output loop, and the signal of output is sent into signal processing and fault comprehensive unit 10 as the electronic beam current feedback signal.Electronic beam current sample resistance 9 is used for the Measurement of Electron Beam flow valuve, and this resistance voltage output is proportional to the voltage sampling signal of electronic beam current size.
The signal that signal processing and fault comprehensive unit 10 are accepted from high-pressure sampling unit 8, electronic beam current sample resistance 9, high-frequency inversion unit 4; Isolate and processing through signal processing unit earlier;, analog to digital converter (A/D) sends into digitial controller after changing into digital quantity then; The high voltage source running status is monitored in real time, and this unit also compares the voltage signal of feedback signal and setting, unusual time output fault-signal occurs and directly blocks pwm pulse signal; And fault-signal reached digitial controller, realize the multiple protective of high voltage source.
Digitial controller 11 is control cores of whole high voltage source; Feedback signal is sent into digitial controller after signal processing and fault comprehensive unit 10 change into digital quantity; In controller, carry out numerical scale-integration (PI) and regulate, directly produce the pwm pulse of change in duty cycle then, isolate and amplification rear drive switching power tube through drive circuit unit 12; Accomplish the closed-loop control of high voltage source, whole process is accomplished by digitial controller 11.
The pwm pulse signal that drive circuit unit 12 is accepted from digitial controller 11 generations.Drive circuit unit 12 is used for pwm pulse signal is isolated and amplified.
Man-machine interaction unit 13 links to each other with digitial controller 11.Man-machine interaction unit 13 is used for parameter demonstration, fault demonstration, parameter setting and the storage of high voltage source, and power parameter is reached digitial controller.
Present embodiment electron beam welding machine digitalization high frequency high voltage source is put into control method, comprises stable regulation, high frequency chopping control, high-frequency inversion control and the error protection control of exporting high pressure.
The stable regulation of said output high pressure: electron beam welding machine digitalization high frequency high voltage source is supplied power by the three-phase mains, adopts AC → DC → DC → AC → DC electric current variation pattern, middle DC → DC high frequency chopping direct current voltage reulation link, and DC → AC is the high-frequency inversion link; Realize the boosting and High-Voltage Insulation of transmission, voltage of energy by high frequency high voltage transformer; Go to control the duty ratio of switching power tube in the high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit 3 with high-pressure sampling unit 8 output signals as negative-feedback signal, realize that output high pressure automatic stabilisation regulates.
Said high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit 3 comprises the duty ratio of opening a switching tube control with high-frequency inversion unit 4 drive controlling.The 3 main pressure regulation of accomplishing direct voltage of high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit, the conversion of direct current to alternating current accomplished in high-frequency inversion unit 4; High frequency chopping pressure regulation unit 3 is made up of the Buck circuit, and high-frequency inversion unit 4 is made up of the H inverter bridge, and the pulse of their all switching tubes directly produces by digitial controller 11.
Said error protection control comprises the following steps: the electronic beam current signal on signal processing and the fault comprehensive unit 10 detected electrons line sample resistances 9, is judged to the electronic beam current over current fault if surpass the higher limit of setting; Signal processing and fault comprehensive unit 10 detect the output signal of high-pressure sampling circuit unit 8, are judged to high pressure accelerating voltage overvoltage fault if surpass the higher limit of setting; The output signal of signal processing and fault comprehensive unit 10 high-pressure sampling circuit units 8 is judged to accelerating power source generation electrion fault if produce negative kick variation; Drive circuit unit 12 detects the temperature signal of each power switch pipe, and any switching power tube surpasses the temperature value upper limit of setting and just is judged to the switching power tube overload fault; Drive circuit unit 12 also detect simultaneously each switching power tube by the tube voltage drop after driving, detected value surpasses the higher limit of setting and is judged to the switching power tube over current fault arbitrarily; Signal processing and fault comprehensive circuit unit 10 detect the output signal of direct current supply current sampling circuit unit, are judged to the supply current fault if exceed the higher limit of setting; When above-mentioned arbitrary fault takes place, all produce corresponding fault output signal, and block pwm pulse signal immediately, be both the output that digitial controller unit 10 also can high-voltage digital P-I adjuster and be set to " zero ".If produce the electrion fault, pwm pulse signal is automatically terminating blockade after blocking 0.5～5 millisecond, and the realization high pressure is restarted automatically; If the electrion number of times surpasses set point number then is judged to " permanent fault " in the setting-up time section, manually restart high voltage source with the same mains supply power supply and the high pressure setting signal of cutting off of measure of handling other fault type, pending fault again after getting rid of this moment.
Present embodiment electron beam welding machine high voltage source is directly by supplying power after the rectification of three-phase mains; High frequency chopping pressure regulation unit 3 converts uncontrollable direct current to controlled direct current; High-frequency inversion unit 4 becomes high-frequency alternating current to dc inverter, obtains high voltage direct current through the high frequency high voltage transformer 5 back rectification output of boosting; High voltage source adopts degenerative control mode; Adopt numerical scale-integration (PI) adjuster mechanism; In digitial controller device 11, accomplish and regulate, the pwm pulse signal that produces pulse width variation removes to control switching power tube in the high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit 3, accomplishes the closed-loop control of high voltage source; High frequency chopping pressure regulation unit 3 is made up of single tube Buck circuit, and high-frequency inversion unit 4 is made up of the H inverter bridge; High frequency transformer and high-frequency rectification bridge are formed a power supply unit group, and the total output of the output of four power supply unit groups after through series connection is exported as high voltage source.The iron core of high frequency high voltage transformer 5 adopts Ferrite Material, and whole high frequency transformer 5 manufacturing process are simple, and the galvanic ripple frequency of high-voltage rectifying output is the twice (40000Hz) of high-frequency inversion frequency.The high-pressure pulsating wave frequency is very high like this, only needs to select very little high-voltage filtering capacitor value just can filtering exchange ripple component, satisfies the ripple coefficient requirement.The system inertia time constant is little on the one hand to choose the very little electric capacity of high-voltage filtering capacitor value; Help improving the regulating frequency of control system; The energy storage is few on the other hand, and the impact that produces during electrion is naturally little, helps improving the power-supply system reliability of operation.
Embodiment 2:
The electron beam welding machine digitalization high frequency high-voltage power apparatus of present embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, be that with the difference of embodiment 1 (embodiment 1 is the output of connecting) exported in four high-voltage rectifying bridge parallel connections of filtering high-frequency rectifier unit 6, and other part is identical.
The foregoing description is to implement under the prerequisite with technical scheme of the present invention, has provided the implementation method of single-phase chopper control.But protection of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned two groups of embodiment, as long as the high pressure accelerating power source of electron beam welding machine adopts the mode of chopper control and high-frequency inversion promptly to belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. an electron beam welding machine digitalization high frequency high-voltage power apparatus is characterized in that: comprise line filter, input rectifying filter unit, high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit, high-frequency inversion unit, high frequency high voltage transformer, filtering high-frequency rectifier unit, electrion chokes unit, high-pressure sampling unit, electronic beam current sample resistance, signal processing and fault comprehensive unit, digitial controller, drive circuit unit, man-machine interaction unit; The input and the three phase network of line filter join, and the direct current input side of input rectifying filter unit mesolow rectifier is sent in its output; The uncontrollable direct current of input rectifying filter unit output is sent to the input side of high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit, and high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit becomes uncontrollable direct current into controlled direct current, and the input side of high-frequency inversion unit is sent in its output; The alternating current of high-frequency inversion unit output is sent into the elementary winding of high frequency high voltage transformer; High-voltage rectifying bridge in the filtering high-frequency rectifier unit that the high-frequency high-voltage of the secondary output of high frequency high voltage transformer is sent into high frequency high voltage transformer links to each other exchange input side; The high-voltage rectifying bridge is exported after filtering, and the high-voltage output end of filtering high-frequency rectifier unit is connected to electrion chokes unit, and its low-pressure end joins through the anode of electronic beam current sample resistance and the earth and electron gun; Electrion chokes unit output is connected to the negative electrode of electron gun; The high-pressure sampling unit is connected between electrion chokes unit output and the earth, and the signal of output is as the high pressure output voltage feedback signal; The signal of electronic beam current sample resistance output is as the electronic beam current feedback signal; High pressure output voltage feedback signal and electronic beam current signal all are connected to the input of signal processing and fault comprehensive unit, and the conversion of analog signal to digital signal accomplished in signal processing and fault comprehensive unit, and the input of its output and digitial controller joins; In digitial controller, carry out digital regulatedly, produce pwm pulse signal; The pwm pulse signal of the output output of digitial controller is connected to the control utmost point of each switching power tube in the high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit after drive circuit unit is isolated amplification; Man-machine interaction unit is accomplished the setting and the storage of high voltage source parameter, and power parameter is reached digitial controller.
2. electron beam welding machine digitalization high frequency high-voltage power apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit comprises switching power tube, fly-wheel diode, filter inductance and filter capacitor; The high-frequency inversion unit comprises the H inverter bridge, and said H inverter bridge is made up of four switching power tubes, four fly-wheel diodes and a buffer circuit.
3. the control method of an electron beam welding machine digitalization high frequency high-voltage power apparatus as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit is sent in the three-phase mains after filtering, rectification; High frequency chopping pressure regulation unit converts uncontrollable direct current to controlled direct current; By the high-frequency inversion unit controlled dc inverter is become high-frequency alternating current, rectification output obtains high voltage direct current after boosting through high frequency high voltage transformer again; This high voltage source adopts degenerative control mode; In digitial controller, accomplishing numerical scale-integration regulates; Produce the pwm pulse signal of pulse width variation; After isolating and amplifying, remove to drive the switching power tube in the high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit, recently control its output voltage average value, accomplish the closed-loop control of high voltage source through the duty that changes said switching power tube.
4. the control method of electron beam welding machine digitalization high frequency high-voltage power apparatus according to claim 3; It is characterized in that: this control method also comprises fault protecting method; When overvoltage, over current fault appearred in high pressure, the pwm pulse of all power switch pipes was all blocked.
5. the control method of electron beam welding machine digitalization high frequency high-voltage power apparatus according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: said fault protecting method further comprises; Reach the blocking time of setting in the electrion fault after; Pwm pulse will be disengaged blockade automatically, and the realization high pressure is restarted automatically; Then regard as catastrophe failure when setting-up time inner high voltage fault frequency surpasses set point number, block all pwm pulses this moment fully, pending fault is manually restarted high voltage source after getting rid of again.
6. according to the control method of claim 3 or 4 or 5 described electron beam welding machine digitalization high frequency high-voltage power apparatus; It is characterized in that: signal processing and fault comprehensive unit also comprise signal processing unit and fault comprehensive unit; Signal processing unit is accepted the feedback signal from high-pressure sampling unit, electronic beam current sample resistance, high frequency chopping pressure regulation unit, high-frequency inversion unit; After signal processing unit is isolated amplification and is handled; After analog to digital converter changes into digital quantity, send into digitial controller, the high voltage source running status is monitored in real time; The fault comprehensive unit is accepted to compare from the voltage signal of signal behind the signal processing unit and setting; Unusual time output fault-signal occurs and directly block pwm pulse signal; And fault-signal reached digitial controller, realize the multiple protective of high voltage source.
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| CN102886598A (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2013-01-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | Bias power device applied to high-frequency pulsed electron beam welding |
| CN103235626A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-08-07 | 桂林狮达机电技术工程有限公司 | Accelerator power supply device of rapid prototyping manufacturing equipment for electron beams and control method of accelerator power supply device |
| CN103433608A (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2013-12-11 | 华中科技大学 | Method and device for controlling modular chopped mode plasma cutting power source |
| CN104953886A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-09-30 | 北京源生恒通环保科技有限公司 | High-voltage pulse generation device |
| CN105880821A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-08-24 | 北京航空航天大学 | Bias power supply device applicable to pulsed electron beam welding and pulsed electron beam welding machine |
| CN108448912A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-08-24 | 安徽省金屹电源科技有限公司 | A kind of air-cooled high-frequency and high-voltage power supply |
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| EP3614554A1 (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2020-02-26 | Esab Ab | Welding power supply with extended voltage characteristic |
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| CN102886598A (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2013-01-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | Bias power device applied to high-frequency pulsed electron beam welding |
| CN103235626A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-08-07 | 桂林狮达机电技术工程有限公司 | Accelerator power supply device of rapid prototyping manufacturing equipment for electron beams and control method of accelerator power supply device |
| CN103235626B (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-12-31 | 桂林狮达机电技术工程有限公司 | Accelerator power supply device of rapid prototyping manufacturing equipment for electron beams and control method of accelerator power supply device |
| CN103433608A (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2013-12-11 | 华中科技大学 | Method and device for controlling modular chopped mode plasma cutting power source |
| CN103433608B (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2015-11-11 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of modularization chopped mode plasma cutting power supply control method and device |
| CN104953886A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-09-30 | 北京源生恒通环保科技有限公司 | High-voltage pulse generation device |
| EP3614554A1 (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2020-02-26 | Esab Ab | Welding power supply with extended voltage characteristic |
| US11742766B2 (en) | 2015-12-14 | 2023-08-29 | Esab Ab | Welding power supply with extended voltage characteristic |
| US10944328B2 (en) | 2015-12-14 | 2021-03-09 | Esab Ab | Welding power supply with extended voltage characteristic |
| CN105880821A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-08-24 | 北京航空航天大学 | Bias power supply device applicable to pulsed electron beam welding and pulsed electron beam welding machine |
| CN105880821B (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2018-05-04 | 北京航空航天大学 | Suitable for the grid bias power supply device and pulsed electron beam welding machine of pulsed electron beam welding |
| CN108448912A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-08-24 | 安徽省金屹电源科技有限公司 | A kind of air-cooled high-frequency and high-voltage power supply |
| CN110829802A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2020-02-21 | 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | Three-level half-bridge driving circuit and converter |
| CN110829802B (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2022-07-29 | 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | Three-level half-bridge driving circuit and converter |
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Application publication date: 20120620 |