CN102500916B - Welding tooling of aluminium-alloy rotary body part with N sections of curved buses and welding method - Google Patents

Welding tooling of aluminium-alloy rotary body part with N sections of curved buses and welding method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102500916B
CN102500916B CN201110335242.2A CN201110335242A CN102500916B CN 102500916 B CN102500916 B CN 102500916B CN 201110335242 A CN201110335242 A CN 201110335242A CN 102500916 B CN102500916 B CN 102500916B
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welding
rotary body
aluminum alloy
alloy rotary
body part
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CN102500916A (en
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李宝华
唐众民
鄢江武
乔凤林
吕建刚
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Hubei Sanjiang Aerospace Group Hongyang Electromechanical Co Ltd
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STATE-RUN HONGYANG MACHINE FACTORY
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Abstract

The invention discloses a welding tooling of an aluminium-alloy rotary body part with N sections of curved buses. The tooling comprises a driving positioning disc, wherein the driving positioning disc is provided with a rotary body tail end fixing device and is connected with a barrel body for supporting a workpiece, and the barrel body is connected with an end head shaft which is movably connected with a central frame; and a bracket is arranged below the central frame. A welding method applying the tooling comprises the following steps of: (1) assembling all sections of workpieces through an interference fit; (2) positioning the whole workpieces; (3) stirring, frictioning and welding; firstly using a stirring welding head in positioned welding to carry out discontinuous positioned welding at each welding seam; then adopting the stirring welding head for normal welding to weld and form at each welding seam; and realizing welding of the aluminium-alloy rotary body part with N sections of curved buses by the steps. The invention is simple and practical and is convenient in implementation, is especially applicable to welding and forming of the aluminium-alloy rotary body part with multiple sections of curved buses, and simultaneously also improves the production efficiency.

Description

The welding tooling of the bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part of N section and welding method
Technical field
The present invention relates to friction stir welding field, particularly a kind of welding tooling for the bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part of N section and welding method.
Background technology
Bent bus shape revolving body is important cabin section on space product, and along with the development of type product, this type of part demand amount is increasing, and required precision is also more and more higher.Be melting welding to the welding method of multistage aluminum alloy rotary body routine, during the method welding forming, have that distortion is large, weldquality is difficult to shortcomings such as ensureing, production efficiency is low, be difficult to the requirement meeting space product weldquality and production efficiency.Agitating friction welding is in invention in 1991 by Britain's institute of welding (TWI), it is a kind of solid phase joining technique of green, compared with traditional melting welding, there is welding deformation little, pollution-free, and the defect that weld seam there will not be the melting welding such as crackle, undercut common, be particularly suitable for the welding of aluminium alloy.Although agitating friction welding technology has certain advantage relative to melting welding, but the location, stir friction welding process control etc. of friction stir welding to the assembling of aluminum alloy rotary body part, frock and parts require very strict, if above factor controlling is not in place, then there will be welding deformation excessive and good welding line joint cannot be obtained.
It is identical that friction stir welding method and conventional friction weld principle, and friction stir welding is also utilize frictional heat as welding heat source.Difference is, friction stir welding welding process is stretched into the seam crossing of workpiece, by the High Rotation Speed of soldering tip, make itself and welding work pieces material friction, thus it is softening that the material temperature of connecting portion is raised.Agitating friction is carried out to complete welding to material simultaneously.In welding process, soldering tip stretches in the seam of workpiece while rotation, the frictional heat of asking of rotary horn and workpiece, make the material generation intense plastic strain before soldering tip, then along with the movement of soldering tip, the flow of material that superplasticity is out of shape to the behind of soldering tip, thus forms stir friction welding seam.Friction stir welding is not high to the requirement of equipment, and the most basic requirement is the rotary motion of soldering tip and the relative motion of workpiece, even if milling machine also can reach the requirement of Small-scale Flat butt welding simply.But it is high for the rigid requirements of fixture.Soldering tip generally adopts tool steel to make, and the length of soldering tip generally leaves a keyhole in terminal at the end of requiring that the degree of depth of welding is slightly short and iting is noted that stirring friction welding seam.Usually this keyhole can cut away, and also can live with other welding method soldering and sealing.
Chinese patent 200910172144.4 discloses " method of a kind of agitating friction welding circular rings seam ", can improve revolving body weld strength, and without keyhole, good looking appearance, but the clamping welding still comparatively difficulty of the clamping of revolving body particularly thin-walled revolution workpiece.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide welding tooling and the welding method of the bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part of N section, can solve the upper deficiency existed of aluminum alloy rotary body part welding application, to improve weldquality and the production efficiency of product.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the welding tooling of the bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part of a kind of N section, comprise driving positioning disk, positioning disk is driven to be provided with revolving body tail end fixture, drive positioning disk to be connected with the stack shell for supporting workpiece, stack shell is connected with shaft pertaining;
Described shaft pertaining is flexibly connected with centre frame, is provided with support below centre frame.
Described stack shell is provided with weld seam support ring with workpiece weld seam opposite position.
In described revolving body tail end fixture, multiple " L " shape puts up circle distribution on the end face driving positioning disk, and " L " shape frame is provided with screw.
Described shaft pertaining is provided with axial lock nut.
Described centre frame is provided with through hole, and shaft pertaining is positioned at this through hole, on through-hole wall circumferentially uniform multiple fixed in bolt.
Between centre frame and support or the shelf support be also provided with for adjusting axis of workpiece inclination angle.
Apply a welding method for above-mentioned frock, comprise the following steps:
One, with the step of interference fit each section of workpiece;
Two, the step of one-piece machine member is located: the tail end of workpiece is fastening with revolving body tail end fixture, and the head end of workpiece locks with axial lock nut;
Three, agitating friction welding step: first stir soldering tip at the interrupted tack welding in every bar commissure with tack welding; Then formal welding is adopted to stir soldering tip at every bar commissure welding forming;
The welding of the bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part of N section is realized by above-mentioned steps.
In the scheme optimized, the keyhole of the adjacent commissure of each bar is circumferentially positioned opposite.
In the scheme optimized, in step 3, make the tangent line of the bent bus of stirring soldering tip main shaft and weld seam place aluminum alloy rotary body vertical by shelf support.
In the scheme optimized, further comprising the steps of:
Four, annealing steps;
Five, hot school shape step: adopt argon tungsten-arc welding TIG built-up welding, to correct the deflection deformation of aluminum alloy rotary body at the receipts weldering keyhole offside place of every bar weld seam;
Six, sharp processing step: machining removes the false boss of aluminum alloy rotary body surface built-up welding surplus everywhere and head end;
The form accuracy of the bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part of N section is guaranteed by above-mentioned steps.
The welding tooling of the bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part of a kind of N section provided by the invention and welding method, specify that the technological requirement that the assembling of aluminum alloy rotary body part, the location of frock and aluminum alloy rotary body, friction stir welding and post welding distortion control, and by special frock clamping aluminum alloy rotary body, for aluminum alloy rotary body provides secure support, guarantee can not produce deformation when welding, the particularly setting of shelf support, ensure that the weldquality of bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body curvilinear portion, thus ensure that overall stirring friction welding seam quality.The present invention is simple and practical, enforcement is convenient, is specially adapted to the welding forming of the bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part of multistage, also improves production efficiency simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is the front view of frock in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the right view of frock in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the assembling schematic diagram of aluminum alloy rotary body part.
Fig. 4 is that revolving body stage casing and tail end overlap girth welding schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is that revolving body head end and stage casing overlap girth welding schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the partial enlarged drawing at A place in Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is the partial enlarged drawing at B place in Fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is revolving body stage casing and tail end lap weld macrostructure pattern.
Fig. 9 is lap weld nugget displaing micro tissue topography.
Figure 10 is the displaing micro tissue topography of lap weld nugget and mother metal transition region.
In figure: drive positioning disk 1, stack shell 2, weld seam support ring 3, shaft pertaining 4, " L " shape frame 5, screw 6, axial lock nut 7, centre frame 8, support 9, securing member 10, shelf support 11, revolving body head end 12, revolving body stage casing 13, revolving body tail end 14, annulus boss 15, false boss 16, agitating friction soldering tip 17.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 with shown in Fig. 5, a welding tooling for the bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part of N section, comprises and drives positioning disk 1, drives positioning disk 1 to be provided with revolving body tail end fixture, drive positioning disk 1 to be connected with the stack shell 2 for supporting workpiece, stack shell 2 is connected with shaft pertaining 4;
As in Fig. 1, described shaft pertaining 4 is flexibly connected with centre frame 8, is provided with support 9 below centre frame 8, is connected between centre frame 8 with support 9 by securing member 10.As in Fig. 2, described centre frame 8 is provided with through hole, and shaft pertaining 4 is positioned at this through hole, on through-hole wall circumferentially uniform multiple fixed in bolt.Shaft pertaining 4 and the dead in line driving positioning disk 1 is made by regulating bolt surely.
As in Fig. 1, described stack shell 2 is provided with weld seam support ring 3 with workpiece weld seam opposite position.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, in Fig. 6, in described revolving body tail end fixture, multiple " L " shape frame 5 one-tenth circle distribution are on the end face driving positioning disk 1, and " L " shape frame 5 is provided with screw 6.During clamping, revolving body tail end 14 is inserted in the gap between " L " shape frame 5 and stack shell 2, and then trip bolt 6, can locate revolving body tail end 14.
As in Fig. 1, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, described shaft pertaining 4 is provided with axial lock nut 7.Regulate axial lock nut 7 for locking whole workpiece, namely workpiece herein refers to bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body.
As in Fig. 5, Fig. 7, between centre frame 8 and support 9 or the shelf support 11 be also provided with for adjusting axis of workpiece inclination angle.Thus make the tangent line of the bent bus of stirring soldering tip main shaft and weld seam place aluminum alloy rotary body vertical.
Apply a welding method for above-mentioned frock, comprise the following steps:
One, with the step of interference fit each section of workpiece;
As shown in Figure 3, aluminum alloy rotary body is made up of head end 12, stage casing 13 and tail end 14 3 parts, and material trademark is 5A06 aluminium alloy, and parts wall thickness is 8mm, and the diameter of revolving body head end 12 and the assembling of revolving body stage casing 13 weld seam lap position is respectively with the diameter of revolving body stage casing 13 and the assembling of revolving body tail end 14 weld seam lap position is respectively with the assembling magnitude of interference of each section of bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part is 0.1mm ~ 0.3mm, then punch press is utilized to press-fit the matching part of each section of bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part, form aluminum alloy rotary body, length is 1650mm in this example, and press-fiting speed is 3mm/s; The recessed mating surface of each section of bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part has annulus boss 15, and as shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 7, the bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part end of head end has false boss 16.
Two, the step of one-piece machine member is located: the tail end of workpiece is fastening with revolving body tail end fixture, and the head end of workpiece locks with axial lock nut 7;
First the driving positioning disk 1 of frock is connected by screw on the circumferential weld driving arrangement of friction stir welding machine, again the aluminum alloy rotary body assembled is sleeved in frock, in aluminum alloy rotary body, weld seam support ring 3 gap of each section of annulus boss and frock is 0.4mm ~ 0.6mm, frock is utilized to drive the screw 6 of " L " shape frame 5 on positioning disk 1 end face to compress aluminum alloy rotary body tail end 14, prevent the relative sliding of aluminum alloy rotary body and frock, then the false boss 16 of aluminum alloy rotary body head end 12 is locked by the axial lock nut 7 in Fig. 1, aluminum alloy rotary body and frock are firmly connected together, thus realize the mass motion of aluminum alloy rotary body and frock.
Three, agitating friction welding step: first stir soldering tip at the interrupted tack welding in every bar commissure with tack welding; Then formal welding is adopted to stir soldering tip at every bar commissure welding forming;
Aluminum alloy rotary body in this example has two weld seams, and first stir soldering tip at the interrupted tack welding in every bar commissure with tack welding, every section of fusion length is 60mm ~ 80mm in this example, and every section of tack weld length is the 3%-5% of whole piece fusion length usually.Then adopt tack welding to stir soldering tip in every bar commissure continuous welding, finally adopt formal welding to stir soldering tip at every bar commissure welding forming, the mixing needle length 0.1-0.3mm longer than search speed of soldering tip is stirred in formal welding; In the scheme optimized, the keyhole of the adjacent commissure of each bar is circumferentially positioned opposite.In this example, namely two commissures receipts weldering place keyholes are circumferentially being uniformly distributed, and are 180 ° at the angle circumferentially projected.
The welding of the bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part of N section is realized by above-mentioned steps.
In the scheme optimized, in step 3, make the tangent line of the bent bus of stirring soldering tip main shaft and weld seam place aluminum alloy rotary body vertical by shelf support 11.
Require during welding that the tangent line of the bent bus of the stirring soldering tip main shaft of friction stir welding machine and weld seam place aluminum alloy rotary body is vertical.The tangential angle of revolving body stage casing 13 and the bent bus of revolving body tail end 14 lap weld place profile is 0 °, and its welded condition as shown in Figure 4; When weld seam is positioned at aluminum alloy rotary body song bus position, because the tangential angle of revolving body head end 12 and the bent bus of lap weld place, revolving body stage casing 13 profile is 14 °, adjusting the axial angle of inclination of aluminum alloy rotary body by the shelf support 11 in frock is 14 °, make the tangent line of the bent bus of weld seam place aluminum alloy rotary body vertical with stirring-head main shaft, as shown in Figure 5; The angle of inclination of the shelf support 11 in this example is 14 °, but this should not be considered as the restriction for this patent, according to the difference of the bent bus curvature of aluminum alloy rotary body lap weld place profile, the angle of inclination of shelf support 11 also changes thereupon, shelf support 11 can fix an angle, also can be to adopt hinge means and adjustable.
In the scheme optimized, further comprising the steps of:
Four, annealing steps;
After welding, frock and aluminum alloy rotary body entirety are pulled down from friction stir welding machine circumferential weld equipment, screw in Fig. 16 is unscrewed, utilize three to grab and draw horse to catch on the false boss 16 of aluminum alloy rotary body head end, aluminum alloy rotary body is carried out annealing in process together with frock, temperature is 190-210 DEG C, in annealing process, because frock (steel part) is different from the thermal coefficient of expansion of aluminum alloy rotary body and the deadweight of aluminum alloy rotary body, aluminum alloy rotary body in heat treatment process three grab draw the effect of horse pre-jacking force under depart from frock;
Five, hot school shape step: adopt argon tungsten-arc welding TIG built-up welding, to correct the deflection deformation of aluminum alloy rotary body at the receipts weldering keyhole offside place of every bar weld seam; Ensure that the axiality of aluminum alloy rotary body is not more than 1.5mm;
Six, sharp processing step: machining removes the false boss 16 of aluminum alloy rotary body surface built-up welding surplus everywhere and head end;
The form accuracy of the bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part of N section is guaranteed by above-mentioned steps.
In order to verify beneficial effect of the present invention further, carried out X-ray and ultrasound detection to two circular welds, testing result does not all find excessive defect; The lap weld intercepting stage casing and tail end in addition carries out metallographic detection, and Fig. 8 ~ Figure 10 is shown in the metallographic structure of weld seam.Fig. 8 is weld seam macrostructure pattern, and seam organization is fine and close; Fig. 9 is the displaing micro tissue topography of nugget in Fig. 8, and nugget crystal grain is tiny; Figure 10 is the displaing micro tissue topography of nugget and mother metal transition region in Fig. 8, and transition region is narrower.

Claims (10)

1. the welding tooling of the bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part of N section, comprise and drive positioning disk (1), it is characterized in that: drive positioning disk (1) to be provided with revolving body tail end fixture, drive positioning disk (1) to be connected with the stack shell (2) for supporting workpiece, stack shell (2) is connected with shaft pertaining (4);
Described shaft pertaining (4) is flexibly connected with centre frame (8), and centre frame (8) below is provided with support (9).
2. the welding tooling of the bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part of a kind of N section according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described stack shell (2) is gone up and workpiece weld seam opposite position is provided with weld seam support ring (3).
3. the welding tooling of the bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part of a kind of N section according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described revolving body tail end fixture, multiple " L " shape frame (5) become circle distribution on the end face driving positioning disk (1), and " L " shape frame (5) is provided with screw (6).
4. the welding tooling of the bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part of a kind of N section according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described shaft pertaining (4) is provided with axial lock nut (7).
5. the welding tooling of the bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part of a kind of N section according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described centre frame (8) is provided with through hole, and shaft pertaining (4) is positioned at this through hole, on through-hole wall circumferentially uniform multiple fixed in bolt.
6. the welding tooling of the bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part of a kind of N section according to claim 1, is characterized in that: between centre frame (8) and support (9) or the shelf support (11) be also provided with for adjusting axis of workpiece inclination angle.
7. application rights requires a welding method for the frock described in any one of 1-6, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
One, with the step of interference fit each section of workpiece;
Two, the step of one-piece machine member is located: the tail end of workpiece is fastening with revolving body tail end fixture, and the head end of workpiece locks with axial lock nut (7);
Three, agitating friction welding step: first stir soldering tip at the interrupted tack welding in every bar commissure with tack welding; Then formal welding is adopted to stir soldering tip at every bar commissure welding forming;
The welding of the bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part of N section is realized by above-mentioned steps.
8. welding method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the keyhole of the adjacent commissure of each bar is circumferentially positioned opposite.
9. welding method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: in step 3, makes the tangent line of the bent bus of stirring soldering tip main shaft and weld seam place aluminum alloy rotary body vertical by shelf support (11).
10. welding method according to claim 7, characterized by further comprising following steps:
Four, annealing steps;
Five, hot school shape step: adopt argon tungsten-arc welding TIG built-up welding, to correct the deflection deformation of aluminum alloy rotary body at the receipts weldering keyhole offside place of every bar weld seam;
Six, sharp processing step: machining removes the false boss (16) of aluminum alloy rotary body surface built-up welding surplus everywhere and head end;
The form accuracy of the bent bus aluminum alloy rotary body part of N section is guaranteed by above-mentioned steps.
CN201110335242.2A 2011-10-30 2011-10-30 Welding tooling of aluminium-alloy rotary body part with N sections of curved buses and welding method Active CN102500916B (en)

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CN108526678B (en) * 2017-03-06 2019-11-15 陕西飞机工业(集团)有限公司 A kind of stirring friction-welding technique method of Z-type weld seam
CN109352194B (en) * 2018-12-06 2021-01-22 中国航发贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 Welding method of pressure accumulator assembly
CN114309915B (en) * 2021-12-31 2023-06-27 湖北三江航天红阳机电有限公司 Friction stir welding method for cylindrical aluminum alloy cabin with notch and annular rib

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