CN102500916A - Welding tooling of aluminium-alloy rotary body part with N sections of curved buses and welding method - Google Patents
Welding tooling of aluminium-alloy rotary body part with N sections of curved buses and welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102500916A CN102500916A CN2011103352422A CN201110335242A CN102500916A CN 102500916 A CN102500916 A CN 102500916A CN 2011103352422 A CN2011103352422 A CN 2011103352422A CN 201110335242 A CN201110335242 A CN 201110335242A CN 102500916 A CN102500916 A CN 102500916A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a welding tooling of an aluminium-alloy rotary body part with N sections of curved buses. The tooling comprises a driving positioning disc, wherein the driving positioning disc is provided with a rotary body tail end fixing device and is connected with a barrel body for supporting a workpiece, and the barrel body is connected with an end head shaft which is movably connected with a central frame; and a bracket is arranged below the central frame. A welding method applying the tooling comprises the following steps of: (1) assembling all sections of workpieces through an interference fit; (2) positioning the whole workpieces; (3) stirring, frictioning and welding; firstly using a stirring welding head in positioned welding to carry out discontinuous positioned welding at each welding seam; then adopting the stirring welding head for normal welding to weld and form at each welding seam; and realizing welding of the aluminium-alloy rotary body part with N sections of curved buses by the steps. The invention is simple and practical and is convenient in implementation, is especially applicable to welding and forming of the aluminium-alloy rotary body part with multiple sections of curved buses, and simultaneously also improves the production efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the friction stir welding field, particularly a kind of welding tooling and welding method that is used for the bent bus aluminium alloy of N section revolving body parts.
Background technology
Bent bus shape revolving body is an important cabin section on the space product, and along with the development of type product, this type of part demand is increasing, and required precision is also increasingly high.The welding method conventional to multistage aluminium alloy revolving body is melting welding, has shortcomings such as distortion is big, weldquality is difficult to guarantee, production efficiency is low during this method welding forming, is difficult to satisfy the requirement of space product weldquality and production efficiency.Friction Stir is to be invented in 1991 by Britain's institute of welding (TWI), and it is a kind of solid phase interconnection technique of green, compares with traditional melting welding; It is little to have welding deformation; Pollution-free, and weld seam the common defectives of melting welding such as crackle, undercut can not occur, is particularly suitable for the welding of aluminium alloy.Though the relative melting welding of agitating friction welding technology has certain advantage; But it is very strict that friction stir welding requires the location of assembling, frock and the parts of aluminium alloy revolving body parts, stir friction welding process control etc.; If the control of above factor is not in place, it is excessive and can't obtain good welding line joint welding deformation then can to occur.
Friction stir welding method is identical with conventional friction welding (FW) principle, and friction stir welding also is to utilize frictional heat as welding heat source.Difference is; The friction stir welding welding process is to be stretched into the seam crossing of workpiece by the soldering tip of a cylindrical shape (welding pin); High speed rotation through soldering tip makes itself and welding work pieces material friction, softens thereby the material temperature of connecting portion is raise.Simultaneously material is carried out agitating friction and accomplish welding.In welding process; Soldering tip stretches in the seam of workpiece in rotation; The frictional heat of asking of rotary horn and workpiece makes the material generation intense plastic strain of soldering tip front, then moving along with soldering tip; The material of superplasticity's distortion flows to the behind of soldering tip, thereby forms stir friction welding seam.Friction stir welding is not high to the requirement of equipment, and the most basic requirement is rotatablely moving the relative motion with workpiece of soldering tip, even milling machine also can reach the requirement of small-sized butt plates welding simply.But the rigidity for anchor clamps requires high.Soldering tip generally adopts tool steel to process, and the length of soldering tip is general when being noted that than the degree of depth that requires to weld is short slightly stirring friction welding seam finishes at the terminal stays an individual keyhole.Usually this keyhole can cut away, and also can use other welding method soldering and sealing to live.
Chinese patent 200910172144.4 discloses " method of the circular circumferential weld of a kind of friction Stir ", can improve the revolving body weld strength, and does not have keyhole, good looking appearance, but the clamping of the revolving body clamping welding difficulty comparatively still of thin-walled revolution workpiece particularly.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the welding tooling and the welding method of the bent bus aluminium alloy of N section revolving body parts, can solve the deficiency that exists on the aluminium alloy revolving body parts welding applications, to improve the weldquality and the production efficiency of product.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above; The technical scheme that the present invention adopted is: the welding tooling of the bent bus aluminium alloy of a kind of N section revolving body parts; Comprise the driving positioning disk; Drive positioning disk and be provided with revolving body tail end fixture, drive positioning disk and be connected with the stack shell that is used for supporting workpiece, stack shell is connected with shaft pertaining;
Described shaft pertaining and centre frame flexibly connect, and the centre frame below is provided with support.
Be provided with the weld seam support ring with workpiece weld seam opposite position on the described stack shell.
In the described revolving body tail end fixture, a plurality of " L " shape is put up circle distribution on the end face that drives positioning disk, and " L " shape frame is provided with screw.
Described shaft pertaining is provided with the axial locking nut.
Described centre frame is provided with through hole, and shaft pertaining is positioned at this through hole, presses a plurality of fixed middle bolts of circumference uniform distribution on the through-hole wall.
Perhaps also be provided with the shelf support that is used to adjust the axis of workpiece inclination angle between centre frame and the support.
A kind of welding method of using above-mentioned frock may further comprise the steps:
One, with the step of each section of interference fit workpiece;
Two, the step of location piece: the tail end of workpiece is fastening with revolving body tail end fixture, and the head end of workpiece locks with the axial locking nut;
Three, friction Stir step: stir soldering tip at every interrupted tack welding in commissure with tack welding earlier; Adopt formal welding with stirring soldering tip then at every commissure welding forming;
Realize the welding of the bent bus aluminium alloy of N section revolving body parts through above-mentioned steps.
In the scheme of optimizing, the keyhole of each adjacent commissure of bar positioned opposite on circumference.
In the scheme of optimizing, in step 3, make stirring soldering tip main shaft vertical with the tangent line of the bent bus of weld seam place aluminium alloy revolving body through shelf support.
In the scheme of optimizing, further comprising the steps of:
Four, annealing steps;
Five, hot school shape step: the receipts weldering keyhole offside place at every weld seam adopts argon tungsten-arc welding TIG built-up welding, to proofread and correct the deflection deformation of aluminium alloy revolving body;
Six, sharp processing step: machining is removed the false boss of aluminium alloy revolving body surface built-up welding surplus everywhere and head end;
Guarantee the form accuracy of the bent bus aluminium alloy of N section revolving body parts through above-mentioned steps.
The welding tooling and the welding method of the bent bus aluminium alloy of a kind of N section provided by the invention revolving body parts; The technological requirement that location, friction stir welding and the post welding distortion of assembling, frock and the aluminium alloy revolving body of clear and definite aluminium alloy revolving body parts controlled; And through special frock clamping aluminium alloy revolving body; For the aluminium alloy revolving body provides secure support, guarantee when welding, can not produce the setting of deformation, particularly shelf support; Guarantee the weldquality of bent bus aluminium alloy revolving body curvilinear portion, thereby guaranteed whole stirring friction welding seam quality.The present invention is simple and practical, enforcement is convenient, is specially adapted to the welding forming of the bent bus aluminium alloy of multistage revolving body parts, has also improved production efficiency simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described further:
Fig. 1 is the front view of frock among the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the right view of frock among the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the assembling sketch map of aluminium alloy revolving body parts.
Fig. 4 is revolving body stage casing and tail end overlap joint girth welding sketch map.
Fig. 5 is revolving body head end and stage casing overlap joint girth welding sketch map.
Fig. 6 is the partial enlarged drawing at A place among Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is the partial enlarged drawing at B place among Fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is revolving body stage casing and tail end lap weld macrostructure pattern.
Fig. 9 is lap weld weldering nuclear displaing micro tissue topography.
Figure 10 is the displaing micro tissue topography of lap weld weldering nuclear with the mother metal transition region.
Among the figure: drive positioning disk 1, stack shell 2, weld seam support ring 3, shaft pertaining 4, " L " shape frame 5; Screw 6, axial locking nut 7, centre frame 8, support 9; Securing member 10, shelf support 11, revolving body head end 12, revolving body stage casing 13; Revolving body tail end 14, annulus boss 15, false boss 16, agitating friction soldering tip 17.
The specific embodiment
Like Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 5; The welding tooling of the bent bus aluminium alloy of a kind of N section revolving body parts comprises driving positioning disk 1, drives positioning disk 1 and is provided with revolving body tail end fixture; Drive positioning disk 1 and be connected with the stack shell that is used for supporting workpiece 2, stack shell 2 is connected with shaft pertaining 4;
In Fig. 1, described shaft pertaining 4 flexibly connects with centre frame 8, and centre frame 8 belows are provided with support 9, is connected through securing member 10 between centre frame 8 and the support 9.In Fig. 2, described centre frame 8 is provided with through hole, and shaft pertaining 4 is positioned at this through hole, presses a plurality of fixed middle bolts of circumference uniform distribution on the through-hole wall.Make shaft pertaining 4 and the dead in line that drives positioning disk 1 through bolt in regulating surely.
In Fig. 1, be provided with weld seam support ring 3 with workpiece weld seam opposite position on the described stack shell 2.
In Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 6, in the described revolving body tail end fixture, 5 one-tenth circle distribution of a plurality of " L " shape frame are on the end face that drives positioning disk 1, and " L " shape frame 5 is provided with screw 6.Revolving body tail end 14 is inserted in the slit between " L " shape frame 5 and the stack shell 2 during clamping, and trip bolt 6 then, can locate revolving body tail end 14.
In Fig. 1, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, described shaft pertaining 4 is provided with axial locking nut 7.Regulating shaft is used to lock whole work-piece to locking nut 7, and the workpiece here promptly refers to bent bus aluminium alloy revolving body.
In Fig. 5, Fig. 7, perhaps also be provided with the shelf support 11 that is used to adjust the axis of workpiece inclination angle between centre frame 8 and the support 9.Thereby make stirring soldering tip main shaft vertical with the tangent line of the bent bus of weld seam place aluminium alloy revolving body.
A kind of welding method of using above-mentioned frock may further comprise the steps:
One, with the step of each section of interference fit workpiece;
As shown in Figure 3; The aluminium alloy revolving body is made up of head end 12, stage casing 13 and 14 3 parts of tail end; Material trademark is the 5A06 aluminium alloy; The parts wall thickness is 8mm; It is 0.1mm～0.3mm that the diameter of revolving body head end 12 and the assembling of revolving body stage casing 13 weld seam lap positions is respectively the assembling magnitude of interference that diameter that
and
revolving body stage casing 13 and revolving body tail end 14 weld seam lap positions assemble is respectively
and
bent bus aluminium alloy of each section revolving body parts; Utilize punch press to press-fit the matching part of the bent bus aluminium alloy of each section revolving body parts then; Constitute the aluminium alloy revolving body; Length is 1650mm in this example, and press-fiting speed is 3mm/s; The recessed mating surface of the bent bus aluminium alloy of each section revolving body parts has annulus boss 15, and shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 7, the bent bus aluminium alloy of head end revolving body ends has false boss 16.
Two, the step of location piece: the tail end of workpiece is fastening with revolving body tail end fixture, and the head end of workpiece is with 7 lockings of axial locking nut;
Driving positioning disk 1 with frock is connected on the circumferential weld driving arrangement of friction stir welding machine through screw earlier; Again the aluminium alloy revolving body that assembles is sleeved on the frock; Weld seam support ring 3 gaps of each section annulus boss and frock are 0.4mm～0.6mm in the aluminium alloy revolving body; The screw 6 that utilizes frock to drive " L " shape frame 5 on positioning disk 1 end face compresses aluminium alloy revolving body tail end 14, prevents the relative slip of aluminium alloy revolving body and frock, locks the false boss 16 of aluminium alloy revolving body head ends 12 then through the axial locking nut among Fig. 17; With aluminium alloy revolving body and firm the connecting together of frock, thus the mass motion of realization aluminium alloy revolving body and frock.
Three, friction Stir step: stir soldering tip at every interrupted tack welding in commissure with tack welding earlier; Adopt formal welding with stirring soldering tip then at every commissure welding forming;
Aluminium alloy revolving body in this example has two weld seams, stirs soldering tip at every interrupted tack welding in commissure with tack welding earlier, and every section fusion length is 60mm～80mm in this example, usually every section 3%-5% that tack weld length is the whole piece fusion length.Adopt tack welding to stir soldering tip every commissure continuous welding then, adopt formal the welding with stirring soldering tip at every commissure welding forming at last, formal welding uses the mixing needle length that stirs soldering tip than the long 0.1-0.3mm of search speed; In the scheme of optimizing, the keyhole of each adjacent commissure of bar positioned opposite on circumference.In this example, promptly the evenly distribution on circumference of weldering place keyhole is received in two commissures, and the angle of projection is 180 ° on circumference.
Realize the welding of the bent bus aluminium alloy of N section revolving body parts through above-mentioned steps.
In the scheme of optimizing, in step 3, make stirring soldering tip main shaft vertical with the tangent line of the bent bus of weld seam place aluminium alloy revolving body through shelf support 11.
Require the stirring soldering tip main shaft of friction stir welding machine vertical during welding with the tangent line of the bent bus of weld seam place aluminium alloy revolving body.Revolving body stage casing 13 is 0 ° with the tangential angle of the bent bus of revolving body tail end 14 lap weld place profiles, and its welded condition is as shown in Figure 4; When weld seam is positioned at the bent bus of aluminium alloy revolving body position; Because revolving body head end 12 is 14 ° with the tangential angle of the bent bus of revolving body stage casing 13 lap weld place profiles; Is 14 ° through the 11 adjustment aluminium alloy rotator shafts of the shelf support on the frock to the angle of inclination; Make that the tangent line of the bent bus of weld seam place aluminium alloy revolving body is vertical with the stirring-head main shaft, as shown in Figure 5; The angle of inclination of the shelf support 11 in this example is 14 °; But this should not be regarded as the restriction for this patent; Difference according to the bent bus curvature of aluminium alloy revolving body lap weld place profile; The angle of inclination of shelf support 11 also changes thereupon, and shelf support 11 can be fixing angle, also can be to adopt hinge means and adjustable.
In the scheme of optimizing, further comprising the steps of:
Four, annealing steps;
After welding finishes; Frock and aluminium alloy revolving body integral body are pulled down from friction stir welding machine circumferential weld equipment; Screw among Fig. 16 is unscrewed, utilized three to grab and draw horse to catch on the false boss 16 of aluminium alloy revolving body head end, the aluminium alloy revolving body is carried out annealing in process with frock; Temperature is 190-210 ℃; In annealing process, because frock (steel part) is different with the thermal coefficient of expansion of aluminium alloy revolving body and the deadweight of aluminium alloy revolving body, the aluminium alloy revolving body is grabbed disengaging frock under the effect of drawing the horse pre-jacking force three in heat treatment process;
Five, hot school shape step: the receipts weldering keyhole offside place at every weld seam adopts argon tungsten-arc welding TIG built-up welding, to proofread and correct the deflection deformation of aluminium alloy revolving body; The axiality that guarantees the aluminium alloy revolving body is not more than 1.5mm;
Six, sharp processing step: machining is removed the false boss 16 of aluminium alloy revolving body surface built-up welding surplus everywhere and head end;
Guarantee the form accuracy of the bent bus aluminium alloy of N section revolving body parts through above-mentioned steps.
Beneficial effect of the present invention two circular welds have been carried out X ray and Ultrasonic Detection in order further to verify, testing result is not all found excessive defect; The lap weld of intercepting stage casing and tail end is carried out the metallographic detection in addition, and Fig. 8～Figure 10 is seen in the metallographic structure of weld seam.Fig. 8 is a weld seam macrostructure pattern, and seam organization is fine and close; Fig. 9 is the displaing micro tissue topography of weldering nuclear among Fig. 8, and weldering nuclear crystal grain is tiny; Figure 10 is the displaing micro tissue topography of welding nuclear and mother metal transition region among Fig. 8, and transition region is narrower.
Claims (10)
1. the welding tooling of the bent bus aluminium alloy of N section revolving body parts; Comprise and drive positioning disk (1); It is characterized in that: drive positioning disk (1) and be provided with revolving body tail end fixture; Drive positioning disk (1) and be connected with the stack shell that is used for supporting workpiece (2), stack shell (2) is connected with shaft pertaining (4);
Described shaft pertaining (4) flexibly connects with centre frame (8), and centre frame (8) below is provided with support (9).
2. the welding tooling of the bent bus aluminium alloy of a kind of N section according to claim 1 revolving body parts, it is characterized in that: described stack shell (2) is gone up and workpiece weld seam opposite position is provided with weld seam support ring (3).
3. the welding tooling of the bent bus aluminium alloy of a kind of N section according to claim 1 revolving body parts; It is characterized in that: in the described revolving body tail end fixture; A plurality of " L " shape frame (5) becomes circle distribution on the end face that drives positioning disk (1), and " L " shape frame (5) is provided with screw (6).
4. the welding tooling of the bent bus aluminium alloy of a kind of N section according to claim 1 revolving body parts, it is characterized in that: described shaft pertaining (4) is provided with axial locking nut (7).
5. the welding tooling of the bent bus aluminium alloy of a kind of N section according to claim 1 revolving body parts, it is characterized in that: described centre frame (8) is provided with through hole, and shaft pertaining (4) is positioned at this through hole, presses a plurality of fixed middle bolts of circumference uniform distribution on the through-hole wall.
6. the welding tooling of the bent bus aluminium alloy of a kind of N section according to claim 1 revolving body parts is characterized in that: perhaps also be provided with the shelf support (11) that is used to adjust the axis of workpiece inclination angle between centre frame (8) and the support (9).
7. an application rights requires the welding method of each described frock of 1-6, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
One, with the step of each section of interference fit workpiece;
Two, the step of location piece: the tail end of workpiece is fastening with revolving body tail end fixture, and the head end of workpiece locks with axial locking nut (7);
Three, friction Stir step: stir soldering tip at every interrupted tack welding in commissure with tack welding earlier; Adopt formal welding with stirring soldering tip then at every commissure welding forming;
Realize the welding of the bent bus aluminium alloy of N section revolving body parts through above-mentioned steps.
8. welding method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the keyhole of each adjacent commissure of bar positioned opposite on circumference.
9. welding method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: in step 3, make stirring soldering tip main shaft vertical with the tangent line of the bent bus of weld seam place aluminium alloy revolving body through shelf support (11).
10. welding method according to claim 7 is characterized in that further comprising the steps of:
Four, annealing steps;
Five, hot school shape step: the receipts weldering keyhole offside place at every weld seam adopts argon tungsten-arc welding TIG built-up welding, to proofread and correct the deflection deformation of aluminium alloy revolving body;
Six, sharp processing step: machining is removed the false boss (16) of aluminium alloy revolving body surface built-up welding surplus everywhere and head end;
Guarantee the form accuracy of the bent bus aluminium alloy of N section revolving body parts through above-mentioned steps.
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| CN103521941A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-01-22 | 西安航空动力股份有限公司 | Welding method of hollow aluminum alloy structure |
| CN108526678A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2018-09-14 | 陕西飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | A kind of stirring friction-welding technique method of Z-type weld seam |
| CN109352194A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-02-19 | 中国航发贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 | A kind of welding method of accumulator package |
| CN114309915A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-12 | 湖北三江航天红阳机电有限公司 | Stirring friction welding method for aluminum alloy cylindrical cabin body with notch and annular rib |
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| CN109352194B (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2021-01-22 | 中国航发贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 | Welding method of pressure accumulator assembly |
| CN114309915A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-12 | 湖北三江航天红阳机电有限公司 | Stirring friction welding method for aluminum alloy cylindrical cabin body with notch and annular rib |
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| C56 | Change in the name or address of the patentee | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Li Baohua Inventor after: Ge Guangyuan Inventor after: Tang Zhongmin Inventor after: Yan Jiangwu Inventor after: Qiao Fenglin Inventor after: Lv Jiangang Inventor after: Zhang Zhengxi Inventor after: Zhang Kai Inventor after: Ge Xincheng Inventor after: Tang Jinfeng Inventor before: Li Baohua Inventor before: Tang Zhongmin Inventor before: Yan Jiangwu Inventor before: Qiao Fenglin Inventor before: Lv Jiangang |
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| COR | Change of bibliographic data | ||
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: 432000 Xiaogan Changzheng Road, Hubei, No. 95 Patentee after: Hubei Sanjiang Aerospace Red Sun Electromechanical Co., Ltd. Address before: Ming Feng Road 444200 Hubei city in Yichang Province town of Ming Yuan'an County Patentee before: State-Run Hongyang Machine Factory |