CN102497119A - Mixed type bridge rectifier - Google Patents
Mixed type bridge rectifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN102497119A CN102497119A CN2011103832010A CN201110383201A CN102497119A CN 102497119 A CN102497119 A CN 102497119A CN 2011103832010 A CN2011103832010 A CN 2011103832010A CN 201110383201 A CN201110383201 A CN 201110383201A CN 102497119 A CN102497119 A CN 102497119A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of electric energy conversion, and aims to provide a mixed type bridge rectifier. The mixed type bridge rectifier comprises a two synchronous rectifying tubes and an output filter capacitor which are positioned on an output side of a transformer, and also comprises two rectifier diodes, wherein the two rectifier diodes and the two synchronous rectifying tubes form a bridge structure; and gate poles of the two synchronous rectifying tubes are connected to two ends of a secondary edge output winding of the transformer respectively. The mixed type bridge rectifier disclosed by the invention makes use of the characteristic of low device voltage stress required by bridge rectification, and adopts a rectification mixing mode of combining low-voltage diodes and synchronous tubes; and the device voltage level is low, and the conduction voltage of the mixed type bridge rectifier is far lower than the voltage drop of high-voltage diodes in the conventional full-wave rectification, so the total conduction losses are reduced. Meanwhile, the diodes have a blocking effect, so that the complexity of synchronous rectifying tube driving can be greatly reduced, and the complexity and the cost of a synchronous rectifying driving circuit can be greatly reduced. The mixed type bridge rectifier can obtain a high efficiency with a low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the transformation of electrical energy field, be specifically related to hybrid rectification circuit, is the rectification circuit that a kind of diode rectification and synchronous rectification combine.
Background technology
The LLC current transformer is used widely in Switching Power Supply owing to its some exclusive topologicaies property.In low voltage output occasion, full-wave rectification (Center-tapped rectifier) is a usual way of LLC output rectifier, and is as shown in Figure 1.Full-wave rectifying circuit comprises 2 transformation secondary windings and two rectifier diodes (D1 among Fig. 1 and D2).
At present, in the evolution of power electronics, the application scenario of low-voltage, high-current output has become a very important developing direction.Under this occasion; The loss of current transformer secondary side rectifier has accounted for the major part of overall losses, especially adopts the circuit of diode rectification, and the ratio that the loss that its conduction voltage drop causes accounts for power output is VF/Vo; Wherein VF is the forward conduction voltage drop of rectifying device, and Vo is an output voltage.Even current best Schottky diode, its forward conduction voltage drop also has 0.3V, and when output voltage was 2V, the loss of only this item reached 15% of power output, had limited the raising of efficient and had caused serious heating, influenced the reliability of power supply.
For reducing the loss of diode-type rectifier, generally adopt the synchronous rectifier technology in the low output voltage occasion at present.So-called synchronous rectification is the technology that replaces diode with the metal oxide semiconductor field effect tube (MOSFET or metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor) of conducting resistance very little (minimum can reach several milliohms), but MOSFET needs extra drive signal to guarantee that it turns on and off.Therefore the drive scheme of synchronous rectification is a main cause of limits synchronization rectification extensive use.If the drive scheme more complicated of synchronous rectification, the loss ratio of the circuit that perhaps drives is bigger, all can have influence on the effect of synchronous rectification.
Desirable synchronous rectifier should be realized the electric function the same with the diode-type rectifier and reduce conduction loss greatly.But because MOSFET can bi directional conductibility after opening; Be different from diode, need accurate controller gate signal, when preferably only making the MOSFET of synchronous rectification that forward current (flowing to drain electrode from source electrode) is arranged; Make the MOSFET conducting, avoid controlling improper work and bring influence circuit.Shown in Figure 2 is a sketch map that adopts the full-wave rectifying circuit of synchronous rectification.The drive signal of lock-in tube SR1 and SR2 need be provided by the lock-in tube drive circuit.
Because the LLC circuit is a kind of current mode output circuit; Because only there is filter capacitor in its output; Transformer output winding (perhaps claiming secondary side winding) voltage is by the output voltage clamp; Therefore its polarity of voltage changes and can only after synchronous rectifier switches, could realize, therefore can not adopt voltage-controlled type from driving.Can only realize through the mode of current detecting, be also referred to as the current-control type driving method.The common at present mode (conducting resistance of self in the time of can being the MOSFET conducting) that adopts the mode of circuit instrument transformer or adopt resistance detection.Extra current transformer can be introduced extra circuit loss, and especially in the bigger occasion of output current, and volume is bigger, and cost is high, is unfavorable for improving power density and reduces cost.
Simultaneously, in the full-wave rectifier, 2 rectifying tubes are withstand voltage to be 2 times of output voltage at least.2 secondary winding Ns1 and Ns2 (shown in Fig. 2) coupling of considering transformer can not be 100%, have parasitic leakage inductance between the two, need withstand voltage higher rectifying tube.More have, in whole rectification circuits,, can cause huge reverse current and on lock-in tube, produce very high spine voltage, cause device failure if time delayed turn-off appears in the synchronous rectifier drive signal.
Therefore, still be necessary to study a kind of rectification circuit of suitable LLC circuit, possess higher efficient and low cost.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is, how to adopt utilization to simplify the lock-in tube type of drive most, realizes the driving of high efficiency full-bridge rectifier inter-sync pipe.Be the technical solution problem, solution of the present invention is:
A kind of mixed type bridge rectifier is provided, comprises two synchronous rectifiers and the output filter capacitor that are positioned at the transformer outlet side, also comprise two rectifier diodes, form bridge architecture with described two synchronous rectifiers; Wherein, the gate pole of two synchronous rectifiers is connected to the two ends of the secondary output winding of transformer respectively.
As a kind of improvement, a side of said output filter capacitor and the source electrode of two synchronous rectifiers join, and the negative pole of the opposite side of output filter capacitor and two rectifier diodes joins; Wherein, The gate pole of the positive pole of the drain electrode of first synchronous rectifier, first rectifier diode (anode) and second synchronous rectifier is connected to an end of secondary output winding, and the gate pole anodal and first synchronous rectifier of the drain electrode of second synchronous rectifier, second rectifier diode is connected to the other end of secondary output winding.
As a kind of improvement, also comprise two driving impedances, the gate pole of said two synchronous rectifiers is connected to secondary output winding through a driving impedance respectively; Said driving impedance is made up of two resistance and two electric capacity; Parallel connection after two resistance and two electric capacity are connected each other; The mid point of capacitances in series is connected with the mid point of resistance series connection; The gate pole of said synchronous rectifier is connected to the mid point of two series resistances, and one of driving impedance is connected to secondary output winding, and the other end then is connected to the source electrode of two synchronous rectifiers.
As a kind of improvement, one of them electric capacity is connected between the gate pole and source electrode of synchronous rectifier, is the parasitic capacitance of the gate pole and the source electrode of lock-in tube self.
As a kind of improvement, the transformer of rectifier also comprises an auxiliary winding, and its two ends are connected to the gate pole of two synchronous rectifiers; Between the gate pole of two synchronous rectifiers and the secondary output winding diode or voltage-stabiliser tube are arranged respectively, the negative pole of this diode or voltage-stabiliser tube and secondary output winding join, and anodal gate pole with synchronous rectifier joins; Difference diode of inverse parallel or voltage-stabiliser tube between the gate pole of said synchronous rectifier and its source electrode, promptly the gate pole of the negative pole of diode or voltage-stabiliser tube and synchronous rectifier joins, and anodal source electrode with synchronous rectifier joins.
Among the present invention, said synchronous rectifier is a metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: utilize the low characteristics of the required device voltage stress of bridge rectifier; Adopt the diode of voltage and the mode that lock-in tube mixes to the rectification that combines; Because the device voltage grade is low; The high-tension diode drop of its conduction voltage drop in traditional full-wave rectification so just reduced total conduction loss.Simultaneously,, can reduce the complexity that synchronous rectifier drives greatly, reduce the complexity and the cost of synchronous rectification driving circuit greatly because diode oneself has blocking effect.Under lower cost, obtain higher efficient.
Description of drawings
The LLC resonant converter of Fig. 1 band full-wave rectification output;
The full-wave rectifying circuit sketch map of Fig. 2 synchronous rectification;
Specific embodiment of Fig. 3 the present invention;
Fig. 4 steady operation waveform embodiment illustrated in fig. 3;
Fig. 5 the present invention is at a specific embodiment of the higher occasion of output voltage;
Fig. 6 the present invention is at another specific embodiment of the higher occasion of output voltage.
Embodiment
The present invention proposes a kind of mixed type circuit of synchronous rectification, adopts bridge architecture, comprises rectifier diode and 2 low pressure synchronous rectifiers of 2 low pressure, and wherein the driving of synchronous rectifier can realize driving through transformer secondary winding easily.
For better understanding content of the present invention, be elaborated below in conjunction with an embodiment specific embodiments of the invention shown in Figure 3.
Shown in Figure 3 is specific embodiment of the present invention, comprises by 2 metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor SR1, SR2 and 2 hybrid synchronous rectification circuits of bridge-type that rectifier diode D1, D2 form, and Ns1 is the secondary output winding of transformer.Because the common capacitance of output filter capacitor is very big, can represent with voltage source Vo.Be no more than at output voltage under the gate pole maximum voltage limit situation of MOSFET (SR1/SR2), two synchronous rectifiers can directly drive through the two ends of transformer secondary winding Ns1, and are as shown in Figure 3.The steady operation waveform is as shown in Figure 4 under its discontinuous mode.Equally, under critical discontinuous or continuous mode, driving also can operate as normal.
See that from the waveform of Fig. 4 electric current flow through a diode and a synchronous rectifier flow through D1 and SR2 like the positive half cycle of electric current, negative half period flows through D2 and SR2.Because the withstand voltage output voltage that is merely of D1/D2/SR1/SR2, so the full-wave rectification perhaps more shown in Figure 2 than Fig. 1 of the voltage stress of device is little more than one times, so has littler voltage drop.All-wave diode rectification shown in the map, hybrid full bridge rectifier shown in Figure 3 is if the pressure drop of mortgage diode D1 and lock-in tube SR2 has just reduced device loss less than the pressure drop of high-tension diode shown in Figure 1.And the driving of lock-in tube SR2 is very simple.
If output voltage is higher, surpass the maximum voltage that the MOSFET gate pole can bear, lock-in tube type of drive shown in Figure 3 need be carried out suitable adjustment, and is as shown in Figure 5.Through a driving impedance coupling driving voltage, that is to say output voltage is matched within the scope of lock-in tube gate pole permission between transformer output winding and the lock-in tube gate pole.Driving impedance comprises 2 resistance R 1 and R2, the steady-state value of R1 and R2 decision driving voltage, and driving impedance comprises a capacitor C parallelly connected with R1 1 simultaneously, capacitor C 1 forms the gate drive voltage under the dividing potential drop decision transient state situation with another capacitor C gs.Capacitor C gs can be the parasitic capacitance Cgs between lock-in tube gate pole self gate pole and the source electrode, also can be to add electric capacity, or parasitic capacitance and add electric capacity sum sum.Like this, gate-drive can obtain drive waveforms preferably under fast speeds.
If output voltage is higher, also can adopt the auxiliary winding of a transformer, as shown in Figure 6.The two ends of an auxiliary winding Ns2 of transformer are connected to two gate poles of lock-in tube SR1 and SR2; Diode of the gate pole of lock-in tube and source electrode inverse parallel or voltage-stabiliser tube; Like gate pole and the source electrode of Ds3 inverse parallel and SR1, the gate pole of Ds4 inverse parallel and SR2 and source electrode.Ds3/Ds4 also can be a voltage-stabiliser tube, the maximum voltage that its voltage stabilizing value can bear less than lock-in tube (SR) gate pole.Through the drain electrode of a diode-coupled to another lock-in tube, wherein the anode of diode is connected to the gate pole of lock-in tube to the gate pole of two lock-in tubes respectively, and negative electrode is connected to the drain electrode of another lock-in tube.To SR1, be connected to the drain electrode of SR2 through diode Ds1, wherein the anode of diode Ds1 is connected to the gate pole of lock-in tube SR2, and the negative electrode of Ds1 is connected to the drain electrode of lock-in tube SR2; To SR2, be connected to the drain electrode of SR1 through diode Ds2, wherein the anode of diode Ds2 is connected to the gate pole of lock-in tube SR1, and the negative electrode of Ds2 is connected to the drain electrode of lock-in tube SR1.
Its stable state waveform and Fig. 4 are similar, as transformer secondary current i
SecBe correct time, electric current flows through diode D1 and SR2, and like this, the gate voltage of SR1 is put into zero by Ds1 and SR2 rapidly, and SR1 ends, and the output voltage of the auxiliary winding Ns2 induction of transformer is through the gate pole charging of Ds3 to SR2, SR2 conducting.Here Ds4 is if voltage-stabiliser tube can protect the gate pole of SR2 can not damaged by overvoltage.
At the negative half period of electric current, electric current flows through diode D2 and SR1, and like this, the gate voltage of SR2 is put into zero by Ds2 and SR1 rapidly, and SR2 ends, and the output voltage of the auxiliary winding Ns2 induction of transformer is through the gate pole charging of Ds4 to SR1, SR1 conducting.Here Ds3 is if voltage-stabiliser tube can protect the gate pole of SR1 can not damaged by overvoltage.
Lifted the part examples of implementation though the present invention just lists, this mode of not representing the present invention to adopt and enumerating can realize.The foregoing description is essence and non exhaustive embodiment for a better understanding of the present invention.Under the prerequisite of essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can have more execution mode.
Claims (6)
1. mixed type bridge rectifier comprises two synchronous rectifiers and the output filter capacitor that are positioned at the transformer outlet side, it is characterized in that, also comprises two rectifier diodes, forms bridge architecture with described two synchronous rectifiers; Wherein, the gate pole of two synchronous rectifiers is connected to the two ends of the secondary output winding of transformer respectively.
2. mixed type bridge rectifier according to claim 1 is characterized in that, a side of said output filter capacitor and the source electrode of two synchronous rectifiers join, and the negative pole of the opposite side of output filter capacitor and two rectifier diodes joins; Wherein, The gate pole anodal and second synchronous rectifier of the drain electrode of first synchronous rectifier, first rectifier diode is connected to an end of secondary output winding, and the gate pole anodal and first synchronous rectifier of the drain electrode of second synchronous rectifier, second rectifier diode is connected to the other end of secondary output winding.
3. mixed type bridge rectifier according to claim 2 is characterized in that, also comprises two driving impedances, and the gate pole of said two synchronous rectifiers is connected to secondary output winding through a driving impedance respectively;
Said driving impedance is made up of two resistance and two electric capacity; Parallel connection after two resistance and two electric capacity are connected each other; The mid point of capacitances in series is connected with the mid point of resistance series connection; The gate pole of said synchronous rectifier is connected to the mid point of two series resistances, and one of driving impedance is connected to secondary output winding, and the other end then is connected to the source electrode of two synchronous rectifiers.
4. driving impedance as claimed in claim 3, one of them electric capacity are connected between the gate pole and source electrode of synchronous rectifier, are the parasitic capacitances of the gate pole and the source electrode of lock-in tube self.
5. mixed type bridge rectifier according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the transformer of rectifier also comprises an auxiliary winding, and its two ends are connected to the gate pole of two synchronous rectifiers;
Between the gate pole of two synchronous rectifiers and the secondary output winding diode or voltage-stabiliser tube are arranged respectively, the negative pole of this diode or voltage-stabiliser tube and secondary output winding join, and anodal gate pole with synchronous rectifier joins;
Difference diode of inverse parallel or voltage-stabiliser tube between the gate pole of said synchronous rectifier and its source electrode, promptly the gate pole of the negative pole of diode or voltage-stabiliser tube and synchronous rectifier joins, and anodal source electrode with synchronous rectifier joins.
6. according to the mixed type bridge rectifier described in any one of the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that said synchronous rectifier is a metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor.
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| CN2011103832010A CN102497119A (en) | 2011-11-27 | 2011-11-27 | Mixed type bridge rectifier |
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| CN2011103832010A CN102497119A (en) | 2011-11-27 | 2011-11-27 | Mixed type bridge rectifier |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105450030A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2016-03-30 | 南京航空航天大学 | Double-transformer variable winding isolated converter and control method thereof |
| CN106410868A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-02-15 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Rectifier-bridge-free power-taking circuit |
| CN109698613A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2019-04-30 | 浙江大学 | A kind of driving circuit of driving circuit and full-bridge synchronous rectification |
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| CN101521464A (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2009-09-02 | 瑞谷科技(深圳)有限公司 | Bridge type mixing rectification circuit |
| CN201336631Y (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2009-10-28 | 瑞谷科技(深圳)有限公司 | Time-delay shutdown circuit of power supply |
| US20100177536A1 (en) * | 2007-09-26 | 2010-07-15 | Zhihua Liu | Dc-dc power supply apparatus method for improving dc-dc power supply apparatus |
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2011
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Patent Citations (6)
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| CN1339866A (en) * | 2000-08-17 | 2002-03-13 | 伊博电源（杭州）有限公司 | New self-driving circuit of synchronous rectifier tube |
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| US20100177536A1 (en) * | 2007-09-26 | 2010-07-15 | Zhihua Liu | Dc-dc power supply apparatus method for improving dc-dc power supply apparatus |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105450030A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2016-03-30 | 南京航空航天大学 | Double-transformer variable winding isolated converter and control method thereof |
| CN105450030B (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2018-11-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | Dual transformer becomes winding isolated converter and its control method |
| CN106410868A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-02-15 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Rectifier-bridge-free power-taking circuit |
| CN106410868B (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2019-03-29 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of non-rectifying bridge power-supply circuit |
| CN109698613A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2019-04-30 | 浙江大学 | A kind of driving circuit of driving circuit and full-bridge synchronous rectification |
| CN109698613B (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2021-11-05 | 浙江大学 | Self-driving circuit and full-bridge synchronous rectification driving circuit |
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Application publication date: 20120613 |