CN102495413B - Method for acquiring transmission line tower coordinate - Google Patents
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- CN102495413B CN102495413B CN201110377888.7A CN201110377888A CN102495413B CN 102495413 B CN102495413 B CN 102495413B CN 201110377888 A CN201110377888 A CN 201110377888A CN 102495413 B CN102495413 B CN 102495413B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for acquiring a transmission line tower coordinate. In the method, based on a computer technology, a lead adjustment calculation technology and a GPS measurement technology, one transmission line is taken as one control measurement lead; information, such as an apparatus, a measuring method, a horizontal angle, a horizontal distance and the like, is obtained through data mining. A few field GPS measuring points are reasonably arranged. The GPS is used to acquire national coordinates of the field GPS measuring points. Computer software is controlled and measured to calculate the national coordinates of the whole towers. Precision assessment is performed and measurement precision can be guaranteed. Compared to the current general method for acquiring the national coordinates of the tower through the GPS measuring method, by using the method of the invention, cost is low; a working efficiency is high; labor intensity is low; personnel needed in the method is few; quality is reliable; it is convenient for popularization and application; economic benefits and social benefits are remarkable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of computer technology, particularly a kind of method that obtains transmission line tower coordinate by computing machine.
Background technology
Power grid GIS is the computer system of a theory with GIS and management by methods topomap, the relevant space of remote sensing images and transmission line of electricity, electric substation and generating plant and attribute data, is planning, survey and design, construction and the operation service of power transmission network.Data are the blood of generalized information system, and in the whole life cycle of generalized information system, data account for 70% of whole investment.Electric network data is the core of power grid GIS, and electrical network spatial data is the basis of attribute data location.
Transmission line of electricity is comprised of a series of bars, tower and the wire that is connected between shaft tower, and wherein the national coordinate of shaft tower is the sterically defined foundation of transmission line of electricity, is the basic data of carrying out space querying, spatial analysis.Transmission line of electricity has the advantages that quantity is many, space distribution is wide, so the collecting work amount of transmission line tower coordinate is huge.At present, the method that conventionally adopts GPSRTK technology field to measure by tower.GPSRTK technology is to obtain in real time the measuring method of centimetre-sized positioning precision in the wild, it has adopted carrier phase dynamic real-time difference method, the great milestone of GPS application, for engineering setting out, topographic mapping, various control survey have brought very big facility.But the method somewhat expensive, and Measuring Time is longer.
The design of transmission line of electricity is mainly completed by power survey and design institutes at different levels, so in the reference room of each power survey and design institute, has just accumulated the data of many existing circuits: such as measurement report, flat section location map, location outcome table, shaft tower detail list etc.Wherein in measurement report article the surveying instrument that uses of tower spotting, method, time etc.; Location outcome table mainly comprises the information such as shaft tower number, mileage, elevation, the deflection angle number of degrees, uses optical theodolite, stadimeter, total station survey, and mileage, span fetch bit be to rice, deflection angle fetch bit to minute; Use in the recent period GPS to measure, mileage, span fetch bit are to cm, and deflection angle fetch bit is to second.
Be no matter adopt optical theodolite, stadimeter, total powerstation or adopt GPS to measure, due to the impact of precision, human factor and the external condition of surveying instrument, measuring error is always inevitable.In order to improve the quality of achievement, handle the error problem that these exist in measuring well, the number of observed reading often will, more than the number of determining that unknown quantity institute must observe, namely will be carried out redundant observation.Had redundant observation, certainly will between observed result, produce contradiction, the object of measurement adjustment is tried to achieve the reliable results of observed quantity and is evaluated the precision of Measurement results with regard to being to eliminate these contradictions.Control survey adjustment Software, for control survey precision, is widely applied in fields of measurement.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention are to provide and a kind ofly can improve field work efficiency and measuring accuracy, reduce the transmission line tower coordinate preparation method of Measuring Time and surveying work amount.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
The preparation method of transmission line tower coordinate, the method is based on computer technology, traverse adjustment computing technique and GPS measuring technique, and its feature comprises the following steps being:
A. by consulting transmission line of electricity archives material, gather the basic parameter of every transmission line of electricity, form the data text of this transmission line of electricity;
B. according to steps A, obtain the horizontal angle of shaft tower in transmission line of electricity and the horizontal range between adjacent shaft tower;
C. according to steps A and B, according to the fetch bit of power grid GIS accuracy requirement and mileage, deflection angle, the two base shaft towers of transmission line of electricity starting point and terminal of take are known point, arrange field GPS measurement point;
D. the field GPS measurement point that adopts GPSRTK technology to arrange step C carries out obtaining of national coordinate;
E. by the data input lead compensating computation software of step B and D acquisition, carry out calculating, the input judgement of rough error and the judgement of coordinate precision of every base shaft tower coordinate;
F. shaft tower coordinate step e being obtained imports Microsoft Excel, generates shaft tower coordinate warehouse-in data file.
Described step e comprises the following steps:
A. the mis-tie of the mis-tie of computer azimuth angle and shaft tower coordinate, judges whether to exist input rough error, if there is input rough error, rejects;
B. fixing known point, weighs surely according to the fetch bit of the measuring method of location, surveying instrument equipment, horizontal angle, horizontal range, carries out compensating computation, calculates the coordinate of every base shaft tower, and judges whether the precision of every base shaft tower coordinate meets the demands; If do not met the demands, return to step C.
The computing method of described every base shaft tower coordinate are: the horizontal angle obtaining by step B, and calculate the position angle of shaft tower, then by position angle and span, calculated respectively the coordinate of every base shaft tower.
The basic parameter of data text described in described steps A mainly comprises title, starting point, terminal, surveying instrument equipment, shaft tower number, mileage, the deflection angle of transmission line of electricity.
In described steps A, also comprise the step of rule file being inputted to computer system, the input rule that described rule file is deflection angle, when the straight line pole deflection angle number of degrees are zero, left-hand rotation deflection angle is negative value, right-hand rotation deflection angle be on the occasion of.
Horizontal angle described in described step B adopts following formula to calculate:
L
1=L
2+180°
Wherein: L
1: horizontal angle
L
2: deflection angle;
Described horizontal range adopts following formula to calculate:
D=S
n+1—S
n
Wherein: S
n+1: n+1 shaft tower mileage
S
n: n shaft tower mileage.
Owing to having adopted technique scheme, the technical progress that the present invention obtains is:
The present invention is by carrying out data mining to Electric Power Survey design and research institute archives material, utilize existing EXCEL, SURVEYING CONTROL NETWORK adjustment Software, obtain by experiment layout principle and experimental formula that field GPS measures, finally to obtain the national coordinate of electric power line pole tower.Adopt the present invention to carry out the national coordinate collection of electric power line pole tower, can reduce field and use GPS eyeball quantity 60%-80%, not only work efficiency significantly improves, and effectively reduces the labour intensity of field process, and the duration is reduced by the impact of the extraneous factors such as weather, traffic, vegetation.Compare with conventional operation method, the duration shortens approximately 80%, and measuring accuracy improves greatly, for the power grid GIS create beneficial result that puts into operation early provides condition.
Take Southern Hebei Power Network as example, have 500kV circuit 2277km the end of the year 2010,220kV circuit 8118km.500kV circuit is pressed 500m span (standard file is apart from 450m) Conservative estimation, and steel tower approximately has 4554 bases; 220kV circuit is pressed 400m(standard file apart from 350m) span Conservative estimation, steel tower approximately has 20295 bases, adds up to 24849 bases.If the collection expense of every base steel tower is roughly equal to 100 yuan of Renminbi, Southern Hebei Power Network 220kV, 500kV circuit adopt the present invention to compare with classic method so, can save 156.549 ten thousand yuans of collection expenses.There will be transmission line of electricity 618837km the end of the year 2010 in State Grid Corporation of China, by 500m span, calculate conservative estimation and have shaft tower 1237674 bases, the collection expense of every base steel tower is by 100 yuans of Conservative estimations, adopt invention to compare with classic method, can save 7797.346 ten thousand yuans of collection expenses, remarkable in economical benefits improves.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further details:
The preparation method of transmission line tower coordinate, the process flow diagram of the method as shown in Figure 1.The method is based on computer technology, traverse adjustment computing technique and GPS measuring technique, while being specifically applied in electrical network, take Southern Hebei Power Network region 220kV and above transmission line of electricity is example, relate to altogether 283 transmission lines of electricity, the acquisition methods of every transmission line tower coordinate all adopts method of the present invention.The transmission line of electricity of take is below example, illustrates that the present invention obtains all shaft towers on this transmission line of electricity and sits calibration method.
A. by consulting transmission line of electricity archives material, each circuit is used as to a single-measurement wire, every grade of shaft tower is measured reference mark as one, gather the basic parameter of every transmission line of electricity, basic parameter comprises the information such as title, starting point, terminal, geographic position, surveying instrument equipment, shaft tower number, mileage, the deflection angle of transmission line of electricity, and the basic parameter of transmission line of electricity is input in the Microsoft Excel of computer system, form and take a data text that transmission line of electricity is unit.Form altogether 283 shaft tower 11345 bases of data file.
While inputting deflection angle information in this step, the needs basis in advance rule file of input computer system is inputted.Here said rule file is the input rule of deflection angle: when the straight line pole deflection angle number of degrees are zero, left-hand rotation deflection angle is negative value, right-hand rotation deflection angle be on the occasion of.
B. according to the basic parameter in steps A, obtain the horizontal angle of shaft tower in transmission line of electricity and the horizontal range between adjacent shaft tower.
The horizontal angle of shaft tower adopts following formula to calculate:
L
1=L
2+180°
Wherein: L
1: horizontal angle
L
2: deflection angle;
Horizontal range between adjacent shaft tower adopts following formula to calculate:
D=S
n+1—S
n
Wherein: S
n+1: n+1 shaft tower mileage
S
n: n shaft tower mileage.
C. according to steps A and B, obtain parameter, according to the fetch bit of power grid GIS accuracy requirement and mileage, deflection angle, the two base shaft towers of transmission line of electricity starting point and terminal of take are known point, arrange field GPS measurement point;
The starting point of transmission line of electricity and terminal turnover power plant or electric substation in electrical network, circuit is intensive, and outlet planning needs precision higher, and the center section of transmission line of electricity is relatively low.In the present embodiment, assign each transmission line of electricity as a measure traverse line, according to measuring error propagation law, meet wire error the weakest point in middle theory, therefore, two base shaft towers of transmission line of electricity starting point, terminal are as the Fixed Initial Point of GPS measurement point, then according to the accuracy requirement of power grid GIS, in the increase of transmission line of electricity interlude, layout.
The cardinal rule of layouting is as follows:
A. transmission line of electricity circuit starting point, terminal respectively arrange two base shaft towers and layout;
B. for adopting GPSRTK method to measure, and mileage, deflection angle fetch bit are respectively centimetre and second situation, the centre that line length is less than or equal to 50km can not increase and layout, and increases a point as check point in the middle of consideration more than 50km, guarantees data reliability;
C. for being no matter to adopt optical theodolite, total station survey, still adopt GPSRTK method to measure, if mileage, deflection angle fetch bit be respectively rice and minute situation, by following formula estimation error,
Δd=0.5+1.2×S/10000
Δ d wherein: Horizontal position errors
S: line length, unit rice
Then, according to increasing and layout in the middle of the accuracy requirement of power grid GIS.Adopt this principle to there is directive significance for reasonable Arrangement GPS measurement point in step C, can avoid a large amount of duplication of labour, guarantee one-shot measurement success ratio.
According to arranging altogether 1731 of field survey points in mentioned above principle the present embodiment.
D. the field GPS measurement point that adopts GPSRTK technology to arrange step C carries out obtaining of national coordinate;
E. by the data input lead compensating computation software of step B and D acquisition, carry out calculating, the input judgement of rough error and the judgement of coordinate precision of every base shaft tower coordinate.Detailed process is:
A. the mis-tie of the mis-tie of computer azimuth angle and shaft tower coordinate, judges whether to exist input rough error, if there is input rough error, rejects; Mis-tie refers to the total error between transmission line of electricity terminal and starting point.
B. fixing known point, weighs surely according to the fetch bit of the measuring method of location, surveying instrument equipment, horizontal angle, horizontal range, carries out compensating computation, calculates the coordinate of every base shaft tower.
Principle is weighed in fetch bit surely: when deflection angle fetch bit divides, tires out apart from fetch bit rice, priori mean square error of angle observation and mean square distance error are respectively 30 seconds and 0.5 meter; Deflection angle fetch bit second, tired during apart from fetch bit centimetre, priori mean square error of angle observation and mean square distance error are respectively 5 seconds and 0.05 meter.Tired distance is every base shaft tower to the distance between starting point.
The computing method of every base shaft tower coordinate are: the horizontal angle obtaining by step B, and calculate the position angle of shaft tower, then by the horizontal range between position angle and adjacent shaft tower, calculated respectively the coordinate of every base shaft tower.
Azimuthal computing formula is:
L
3=L
0+180°+L
1
L wherein
0: initial known azimuth;
L
1: horizontal angle;
L
3: position angle;
The computing formula of shaft tower coordinate is:
X=X
0+S×cos(L
3)
Y=Y0+S×sin(L
3)
X wherein
0: initial known ordinate
Y
0: initial known horizontal ordinate
S: the horizontal range between adjacent shaft tower
L
3: position angle
X: shaft tower ordinate
Y: shaft tower horizontal ordinate
After coordinate has calculated, judge whether the precision of every base shaft tower coordinate meets the demands.If do not met the demands, return to step C and rearrange GPS measurement point, carry out field survey.
F. shaft tower coordinate step e being obtained imports Microsoft Excel, generates shaft tower coordinate warehouse-in data file, so that power grid GIS platform directly reads in.
Claims (3)
1. the preparation method of transmission line tower coordinate, the method is based on computer technology, traverse adjustment computing technique and GPS measuring technique, and its feature comprises the following steps being:
A. by consulting transmission line of electricity archives material, gather the basic parameter of every transmission line of electricity, form the data text of this transmission line of electricity; The basic parameter of described data text comprises title, starting point, terminal, surveying instrument equipment, shaft tower number, mileage, the deflection angle of transmission line of electricity;
B. according to steps A, obtain the horizontal angle of shaft tower in transmission line of electricity and the horizontal range between adjacent shaft tower;
Described horizontal angle adopts following formula to calculate:
L
1=L
2+180°
Wherein: L
1: horizontal angle
L
2: deflection angle;
Described horizontal range adopts following formula to calculate:
D=S
n+1－S
n
Wherein: S
n+1: n+1 shaft tower mileage
S
n: n shaft tower mileage;
C. according to steps A and B, according to the fetch bit of power grid GIS accuracy requirement and mileage, deflection angle, the two base shaft towers of transmission line of electricity starting point and terminal of take are known point, arrange field GPS measurement point; The arrangement principle of described field GPS measurement point is:
C1. transmission line of electricity circuit starting point, terminal respectively arrange two base shaft towers and layout;
C2. for adopting GPSRTK method to measure, and mileage, deflection angle fetch bit are respectively centimetre and second situation, the centre that line length is less than or equal to 50km does not increase and layouts, line length increases a point as check point in the middle of when 50km is above;
C3. for adopting optical theodolite, total station survey or adopt GPSRTK method when wherein any mode being measured, when mileage, deflection angle fetch bit be respectively rice and minute situation time, by following formula estimation error,
Δd=0.5+1.2×S/10000
Δ d wherein: Horizontal position errors
S: line length, unit rice;
C4. according to increasing and layout in the middle of the accuracy requirement of power grid GIS;
D. the field GPS measurement point that adopts GPSRTK technology to arrange step C carries out obtaining of national coordinate;
E. by the data input lead compensating computation software of step B and D acquisition, carry out calculating, the input judgement of rough error and the judgement of coordinate precision of every base shaft tower coordinate;
E1. the mis-tie of the mis-tie of computer azimuth angle and shaft tower coordinate, judges whether to exist input rough error, if there is input rough error, rejects;
E2. fixing known point, weighs surely according to the fetch bit of the measuring method of location, surveying instrument equipment, horizontal angle, horizontal range, carries out compensating computation, calculates the coordinate of every base shaft tower, and judges whether the precision of every base shaft tower coordinate meets the demands; If do not met the demands, return to step C;
F. shaft tower coordinate step e being obtained imports Microsoft Excel, generates shaft tower coordinate warehouse-in data file.
2. the preparation method of transmission line tower coordinate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step e2, the computing method of every base shaft tower coordinate are, the horizontal angle obtaining by step B, calculates the position angle of shaft tower, then by position angle and span, is calculated respectively the coordinate of every base shaft tower;
Calculate as follows at described position angle:
L
3=L
0+180°+L
1
L wherein
0: initial known azimuth;
L
1: horizontal angle;
L
3: position angle;
The computing formula of shaft tower coordinate is:
X=X
0+S×cos(L
3)
Y=Y
0+S×sin(L
3)
X wherein
0: initial known ordinate;
Y
0: initial known horizontal ordinate;
S: the horizontal range between adjacent shaft tower;
L
3: position angle;
X: shaft tower ordinate;
Y: shaft tower horizontal ordinate.
3. the preparation method of transmission line tower coordinate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described steps A comprises the step of rule file being inputted to computer system, described rule file is the input rule of deflection angle, when the straight line pole deflection angle number of degrees are zero, left-hand rotation deflection angle is negative value, right-hand rotation deflection angle be on the occasion of.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110377888.7A CN102495413B (en) | 2011-11-24 | 2011-11-24 | Method for acquiring transmission line tower coordinate |
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| CN102495413B true CN102495413B (en) | 2014-03-26 |
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| CN105804472B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2018-01-12 | 浙江大华系统工程有限公司 | A kind of localization method and device of shaft tower position |
| CN104850596B (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2018-01-02 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of distribution data processing method based on mobile GIS and RTK positioning |
| KR20180018251A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2018-02-21 | 파나소닉 아이피 매니지먼트 가부시키가이샤 | Content displaying system |
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| CN112163055B (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2023-11-21 | 成都深瑞同华科技有限公司 | Tower labeling method |
| CN112698375B (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2023-10-20 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司鞍山供电公司 | Circuit drawing method for eliminating multi-domain double positioning errors |
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Address after: 050031 No. 6 Jianhua Street, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province Patentee after: China Electric Power Construction Group Hebei electric survey and Design Research Institute Co., Ltd. Address before: 050031 No. 6 Jianhua Street, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province Patentee before: Hebei Province Power Surveying Design & Research Institute |