CN114491928A - Transformer magnetic bias direct current calculation method caused by subway stray current based on complex soil model - Google Patents
Transformer magnetic bias direct current calculation method caused by subway stray current based on complex soil model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for calculating transformer magnetic bias direct current caused by subway stray current based on a complex soil model, which comprises the following steps: collecting the position distribution of all transformer substations and subway lines in a research area, and constructing a three-dimensional space coordinate system; collecting soil electrochemical parameters in a research area; calculating the current distribution of the steel rail according to the current position of the train, and obtaining the stray current distribution along the subway by combining the total traction current of the train; constructing a soil model in the COMSOL and setting parameters, wherein the parameters comprise soil electrochemical parameters of each block and stray current distribution along the subway; simulating and calculating the soil potential distribution in the COMSOL to obtain the soil potentials of all transformer substation positions; constructing a power grid direct current model in a research area; and calculating to obtain the magnitude of the bias current of all the substations based on the power grid direct current model and according to the soil potential of the substations. The method can accurately simulate the influence of subway operation on the direct current magnetic bias generated by a nearby transformer substation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power systems, and particularly relates to a method for calculating bias direct current of a transformer caused by subway stray current based on a complex soil model.
Background
The urban rail transit is convenient, green and fast, and has important significance for citizens going out and urban development. The urban rail transit in China mainly adopts a direct current traction power supply mode, traction current flows back through a steel rail, and a small amount of current leaks to the ground, namely stray current, because the steel rail is difficult to completely insulate against the ground. Stray current flows into the ground, the potential of nearby soil is changed, and the stray current invades an alternating current power grid, so that a direct current magnetic bias phenomenon is generated on a power grid grounding transformer nearby along the track traffic line, and the safe and stable operation of the alternating current power grid and the transformer is damaged.
At present, the existing stray current and transformer direct-current magnetic biasing research basically only considers a single-pole-ground loop operation mode, and the stray current is equivalent to a point current source to be injected into a soil model during simulation research; and the influence research aiming at the stray current generated during the operation of the subway locomotive is very little. Meanwhile, quantitative calculation of soil potential distribution is an important premise for researching direct current magnetic biasing phenomenon, and particularly important for constructing a soil model which is more in line with actual conditions, while the current widely used layered soil model, including a horizontal layered model and a vertical layered model, cannot accurately simulate actual soil conditions, and brings great interference to calculation of direct current magnetic biasing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for calculating transformer magnetic bias direct current caused by subway stray current based on a complex soil model, which is used for accurately calculating the transformer magnetic bias current caused by the stray current when a subway train runs.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for calculating the magnetic bias direct current of a transformer caused by subway stray current based on a complex soil model comprises the following steps:
step 3, calculating the current distribution of the steel rail according to the current position of the train, and obtaining the stray current distribution along the subway by combining the total traction current of the train;
step 4, constructing a composite layered soil model based on a three-dimensional space coordinate system in COMSOL, and setting parameters: setting soil electrochemical parameters of corresponding areas and stray current distribution along the subway;
step 5, simulating and calculating soil potential distribution in the COMSOL to obtain soil potentials of all transformer substation positions in a research area;
step 6, constructing a power grid direct current model in the research area; and calculating to obtain the magnitude of the bias current of all the transformer substations based on the power grid direct current model and according to the soil potentials of all the transformer substations.
Further, the method for collecting the soil electrochemical parameters in the step 2 comprises the following steps: firstly, the geological characteristics, soil types, soil humidity, and the distribution conditions of rivers and mountains in a research area are known; and secondly, carrying out soil collection and drilling investigation on the research area, and obtaining specific soil electrochemical parameters by adopting a Wennan four-stage method.
Further, when the composite layered soil model is constructed in the step 4, the research area is divided into block areas with different soil electrochemical parameters according to the geological structure characteristics of the research area, and the composite layered soil model is obtained.
Further, the train adopts a double-end power supply operation mode, and the calculation method of the steel rail current and the stray current comprises the following steps:
wherein,represents any position of the subway line;the current is applied to the steel rail,is the stray current in units of A;is the rail voltage in V;the unit is the longitudinal resistance of the steel rail and is omega/km;is transition resistance with the unit of omega km;the unit is the longitudinal resistance of the earth and is omega/km; i is the total traction current of the locomotive and is in A.
Further, the current position of the train is taken as a demarcation point, the subway line in the research area is divided into two sections, then the steel rail current distribution is divided into two sections of functions, and the steel rail current boundary conditions of the two sections of lines are respectively as follows:
in the formula,representing the current distribution function of the steel rail at any position on the first section of the line,indicating an arbitrary position on the second section of lineThe distribution function of the current of the steel rail, L is the total length of the subway line in the research area,the length of this first section of line between the train and the origin of the railway line in the area under investigation,the length of the second route from the train to the end of the railway route in the area under study.
Further, the method for setting the stray current distribution along the subway line in the step 4 comprises the following steps: a piecewise function is defined in COMSOL to analytically simulate the distribution of stray current and is applied in the constructed composite layered soil model in the form of a line current source.
Further, in the power grid dc model constructed in step 6, the resistance network includes: direct current grounding resistance of each transformer substation in research areaDirect current resistance of power transmission line between every two substationsAnd a transformer DC resistance of each substationRespectively expressed as:
wherein,is the dc ground resistance of the ith substation,is the transmission line dc resistance of the ith and jth substations,the transformer direct-current resistance of the ith transformer substation, and n is the total number of the transformer substations in the research area.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method is combined with the operation of the subway locomotive, track stray current distribution capable of reflecting the change of the position of the locomotive is calculated, and the track stray current is equivalent in a linear current source mode in the COMSOL simulation, so that the soil potentials of all transformer substation positions can be obtained through simulation, the actual situation is met, and the influence of the stray current generated when the subway locomotive operates on surrounding transformer substations can be truly reflected.
2. According to the invention, when the composite layered soil model is constructed, the soil resistivity and the relative dielectric constant of an actual research area are collected, the geological characteristics of the research area are combined, and the constructed composite layered soil model has the advantages of being more accurate and more compounding the actual situation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of distribution of substations and subway lines in a research area.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of soil type distribution.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a stray current distribution.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a dc model of a power grid.
FIG. 6 is a COMSOL modeling diagram.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, which are developed based on the technical solutions of the present invention, and give detailed implementation manners and specific operation procedures to further explain the technical solutions of the present invention.
The embodiment provides a method for calculating the magnetic bias direct current of a transformer caused by subway stray current based on a complex soil model, which is shown in fig. 1 and comprises the following steps:
According to the size of the research area, the size of the model in COMSOL can be determined; according to the position of the subway line, an equivalent line current source is conveniently applied to the corresponding position of the model according to the line position, and a mark point is applied to the position of each transformer substation so as to observe the potential of the transformer substation.
And 2, collecting soil electrochemical parameters in the research area, including soil resistivity and soil dielectric constant.
Firstly, local official geological survey reports or engineering survey reports are consulted to know the geological characteristics, soil types, soil humidity, and the distribution conditions of rivers and mountains in a research area; and secondly, carrying out soil collection and drilling investigation on the research area, and obtaining specific soil electrochemical parameters by adopting a Wennan four-stage method.
And determining a specific layering mode of the soil model according to the geological structure of the research area and the soil electrochemical parameters, and determining the material parameter setting of each layer.
And 3, calculating the current distribution of the steel rail according to the current position of the train, and obtaining the stray current distribution along the subway by combining the total traction current of the train.
The train adopts a double-end power supply operation mode, and the calculation method of the steel rail current and the stray current comprises the following steps:
wherein,represents any position of the subway line;the current is applied to the steel rail,is the stray current in units of A;is the rail voltage in V;the unit is the longitudinal resistance of the steel rail and is omega/km;is transition resistance with the unit of omega km;the unit is the ground longitudinal resistance and is omega/km.
Dividing the subway line in the research area into two sections by taking the current position of the train as a demarcation point, further dividing the steel rail current distribution into two sections of functions, wherein the steel rail current boundary conditions of the two sections of lines are respectively as follows:
in the formula,indicating any position on the first section of lineThe current distribution function of the steel rail at the position,indicating an arbitrary position on the second section of lineThe distribution function of the current of the steel rail, L is the total length of the subway line in the research area,the length of this first section of line between the train and the origin of the railway line in the area under investigation,the length of the second section of line from the train to the terminal of the railway line in the research area; and I is the total traction current of the locomotive and has the unit of A.
Step 4, constructing a composite layered soil model based on a three-dimensional space coordinate system in COMSOL, and setting parameters: and setting soil electrochemical parameters of corresponding areas and stray current distribution along the subway.
When a composite layered soil model is constructed, the characteristics of the geological structure of a research area need to be combined. The soil model which is most widely applied at present is a layered soil model, including a horizontal layered model and a vertical layered model. According to the invention, the research area is divided into block areas with different soil electrochemical parameters according to the geological structure characteristics of the research area, so that a composite layered soil model is obtained, and the method is more suitable for actual conditions.
Setting resistivity and relative dielectric constant of all block areas of the composite layered soil model according to the data obtained in the step 2; selecting current module in COMSOL physical field setting, selecting ultra-fining in mesh generation, and defining in parameter setting、、The size of (d); adding a piecewise function in parameter setting to simulate the distribution condition of the stray current, and applying the piecewise function to the corresponding position of the composite layered soil model in a linear current source manner; setting the boundary of the composite layered soil model to be 0 potential to simulate infinite distance; and finishing mesh generation.
And 5, simulating and calculating the soil potential distribution in the COMSOL to obtain the soil potentials of all transformer substation positions in the research area, wherein the soil potentials are expressed as:
wherein,the soil potential of the ith station in the composite layered soil model is obtained, and n is the total number of the substations in the research area.
Step 6, constructing a power grid direct current model in the research area; and calculating to obtain the magnitude of the bias current of all the substations based on the direct current model of the power grid and according to the soil potentials of all the substation positions.
The invention aims at the problem that in a power grid direct current model constructed among transformers of each transformer substation in a research area, a resistance network comprises: direct current grounding resistance of each transformer substation in research areaDirect current resistance of power transmission line between every two substationsAnd a transformer DC resistance of each substationRespectively expressed as:
wherein,is the dc ground resistance of the ith substation,is the transmission line dc resistance of the ith and jth substations,is the transformer dc resistance of the ith substation.
The magnitude of the dc magnetic bias current of all the transformers of the transformer substation can be expressed as follows based on the resistance network in the dc model of the power grid and the soil potential of all the transformers substation:
wherein,the DC bias of the transformer of the ith substation is represented by the soil potential U and the resistance network of all the substation positions,,Is used as a function of (1).
Example (b):
(1) collecting the position distribution of n transformer substations and subway lines, and constructing a three-dimensional space coordinate system;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a research area, which shows the position distribution of 4 substations and subway lines in a three-dimensional space area of 10km × 10km × 0.5 km:
wherein,i =1, 2, 3, 4 for the coordinates of the ith station; a and b are coordinates of two end points of the subway line; in the matrix, the first column is an x-axis coordinate, the second column is a y-axis coordinate, and the third column is a z-axis coordinate, and the unit is km.
(2) Collecting soil electrochemical parameters in a research area;
the study area contained 5 different types of soil, whose electrochemical parameters are given in table 1:
a schematic of the 5 types of soil distribution is shown in figure 3.
(3) Calculating stray current distribution along subway line
In this embodiment, the rail longitudinal resistanceThe value is 0.026 omega/km, transition resistanceThe value is 15 omega km; longitudinal resistance of earthThe value is 0.5 omega/km; the locomotive total traction current I is 2000A.
Length of subway busThe degree is 2000m, the train is located at the position of 800m, and therefore the lengths of the first section of line and the second section of line are respectively=800m,=1200m。
From this the stray current distribution on the subway line can be calculated as shown in figure 4.
(4) Constructing a soil model in COMSOL to complete physical field setting, parameter setting and mesh generation;
the actual model constructed in COMSOL is shown in fig. 6, and the resistivity and the relative dielectric constant of the corresponding region are set; adding a piecewise function in parameter setting to simulate the stray current distribution condition obtained in the third step, and applying the stray current distribution condition to a corresponding position of the composite layered soil model in a linear current source manner; setting the boundary of the composite layered soil model to be 0 potential to simulate infinite distance; mesh subdivision is completed, comprising 35688 mesh vertices, 1652 edge cells, 30 vertex cells, and 168854 domain cells.
(5) And (3) simulating and obtaining soil potential distribution in the COMSOL, wherein the soil potentials U of 4 transformer substation positions are as follows:
(6) constructing a power grid direct current model, and according to the magnitude of the bias current of the transformer substation in the soil potential of the transformer substation;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a DC model of a power grid, in which DC ground resistances of respective sites in a resistance networkDirect current resistance of power transmission line among transformer substationsTransformer DC resistanceThe values of these parameters are:
Wherein, the bias current is larger than 0 and flows into the ground, and the bias current is smaller than 0 and flows into the transformer.
It should be emphasized that the examples described herein are illustrative and not restrictive, and thus the invention is not to be limited to the examples described herein, but rather to other embodiments that may be devised by those skilled in the art based on the teachings herein, and that various modifications, alterations, and substitutions are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for calculating the magnetic bias direct current of a transformer caused by subway stray current based on a complex soil model is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, collecting position distribution of all transformer substations and subway lines in a research area, and constructing a three-dimensional space coordinate system;
step 2, collecting soil electrochemical parameters in a research area, wherein the soil electrochemical parameters comprise soil resistivity and soil dielectric constant;
step 3, calculating the current distribution of the steel rail according to the current position of the train, and obtaining the stray current distribution along the subway by combining the total traction current of the train;
step 4, constructing a composite layered soil model based on a three-dimensional space coordinate system in COMSOL, and setting parameters: setting soil electrochemical parameters of corresponding areas and stray current distribution along the subway;
step 5, simulating and calculating soil potential distribution in the COMSOL to obtain soil potentials of all transformer substation positions in a research area;
step 6, constructing a power grid direct current model in the research area; and calculating to obtain the magnitude of the bias current of all the transformer substations based on the power grid direct current model and according to the soil potentials of all the transformer substations.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method for acquiring the soil electrochemical parameters in the step 2 comprises the following steps: firstly, the geological characteristics, soil types, soil humidity, and the distribution conditions of rivers and mountains in a research area are known; and secondly, carrying out soil collection and drilling investigation on the research area, and obtaining specific soil electrochemical parameters by adopting a Wennan four-stage method.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein when constructing the composite layered soil model in step 4, the study area is divided into block areas with different soil electrochemical parameters according to the geological structure characteristics of the study area, so as to obtain the composite layered soil model.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the train operates in a double-ended power supply mode, and the rail current and stray current are calculated as follows:
wherein,represents any position of the subway line;the current is applied to the steel rail,is the stray current in units of A;is the rail voltage in V;the unit is the longitudinal resistance of the steel rail and is omega/km;is transition resistance with the unit of omega km;the unit is the longitudinal resistance of the earth and is omega/km; i is the total traction current of the locomotive, and the unit is A; the total traction current I of the locomotive and the longitudinal resistance of the steel railEarth longitudinal resistanceThe transition resistance is a measurable technical parameter of the existing subway stray current monitoring system, and the steel rail voltage can be calculated by a formulaCurrent of railAnd stray current。
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the current position of the train is taken as a demarcation point, the subway line in the research area is divided into two sections, the rail current distribution is further divided into two sections of functions, and the rail current boundary conditions of the two sections of lines are respectively as follows:
in the formula,indicating any position on the first section of lineThe current distribution function of the steel rail at the position,indicating an arbitrary position on the second section of lineThe distribution function of the current of the steel rail, L is the total length of the subway line in the research area,the length of this first section of line between the train and the origin of the railway line in the area under investigation,the length of the second route from the train to the end of the railway route in the area under study.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method for setting the stray current distribution along the subway in the step 4 is as follows: a piecewise function is defined in COMSOL to analytically simulate the distribution of stray current and is applied in the constructed composite layered soil model in the form of a line current source.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the grid direct current model constructed in step 6, the resistance network comprises: direct current grounding resistance of each transformer substation in research areaDirect current resistance of power transmission line between every two substationsAnd a transformer DC resistance of each substationRespectively expressed as:
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113836718A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-24 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Direct-current magnetic bias calculation method for transformer of high-speed magnetic levitation main substation |
CN115407113A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-29 | 西安中车永电电气有限公司 | Method for predicting interference degree of stray current on direct current traction line |
CN117350102A (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2024-01-05 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Subway electric power system management method, device, equipment and readable storage medium |
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2021
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113836718A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-24 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Direct-current magnetic bias calculation method for transformer of high-speed magnetic levitation main substation |
CN113836718B (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2023-12-29 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Direct-current magnetic bias calculation method for high-speed magnetic levitation main transformer substation |
CN115407113A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-29 | 西安中车永电电气有限公司 | Method for predicting interference degree of stray current on direct current traction line |
CN117350102A (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2024-01-05 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Subway electric power system management method, device, equipment and readable storage medium |
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