CN111238627B - Geographic information calibration method for strain tower in overhead transmission line - Google Patents
Geographic information calibration method for strain tower in overhead transmission line Download PDFInfo
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
- G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
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Abstract
The invention discloses a geographic information calibration method for a strain tower in an overhead transmission line, and a system for realizing the method comprises the following steps: the system comprises an optical fiber sensing device sensitive to vibration, a low-power-consumption vibrator and a GPS device. The invention utilizes the optical fiber sensing equipment sensitive to vibration, synchronizes the working time of the optical fiber sensing equipment and the vibrator on the tension tower through the GPS device, judges the position where the vibration occurs, very simply marks the relation between the geographic coordinate of the tension tower and the length of the optical cable from the tension tower to the equipment light port, and calculates the GPS coordinate of the tangent tower between the tension towers and the length of the optical cable from the tangent tower to the equipment light port through an interpolation method, thereby solving the problem that the disturbance position detected by the optical fiber sensing system cannot be mapped to the actual geographic coordinate because the transmission cable sags, the span between the towers is not consistent with the distance of the optical cable, rapidly positioning the geographic position where the transmission cable accident occurs, and facilitating the maintenance work of related personnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, and particularly relates to a geographic information calibration method for a strain tower in an overhead transmission line.
Background
The cables in the overhead transmission line include not only cables for transmitting electric power, but also optical and electrical composite cables such as OPGW (optical fiber composite overhead ground wire), OPLC (optical fiber composite low voltage cable), etc. or ADDS (all-dielectric self-supporting optical cable), and the optical units therein are responsible for tasks of power grid internal communication and data acquisition. The towers of the power line are generally divided into two types, the first type is a tangent tower, the second type is a tension tower, the tangent tower is used for picking up the lead and generally only bears the dead weight of the lead, namely the vertical load. The tension tower is much more loaded than a linear tower, bears the longitudinal tension of a lead, and comprises the linear tension tower, a corner tower and a terminal tower.
Because the power transmission line network has the characteristics of over-long distance, various landforms, complex staggering and the like, and meanwhile, disasters such as lightning stroke, strand breakage, galloping, ice coating and the like frequently occur, the selection of an effective monitoring technology has great significance for the maintenance of the whole power transmission line. The distributed optical fiber sensing technology only utilizes optical fibers in the transmission line, does not need to arrange additional sensors, can perform continuous monitoring, and becomes an important branch in the transmission line safety monitoring technology, such as monitoring the temperature of the transmission line by using R-OTDR based on Raman scattering.
Technically, it is very feasible to monitor the transmission line by using different kinds of distributed optical fiber sensing technologies, but because the transmission line is not a straight line but a curve with radian between towers, the length of the optical cable between the towers is larger than the span, and the length margin is also provided when the optical cable is connected on the tension tower, and the accident position monitored by the optical fiber sensing terminal equipment refers to the length of the optical cable from the place where the accident occurs to the equipment light port, and the accident position cannot correspond to the real geographical position, even the position where the accident occurs between two towers cannot be obtained, which greatly affects the maintenance efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems, the invention discloses a geographic information calibration method of a strain tower in an overhead transmission line, which synchronizes the working time of an optical fiber sensing device and a vibrator on the strain tower through a GPS device, judges the position where vibration occurs, very simply calibrates the relationship between the geographic coordinate of the strain tower and the length of an optical cable from the strain tower to an equipment light port, and calculates the GPS coordinate of a linear tower between the strain towers and the length of the optical cable from the linear tower to the equipment light port through an interpolation method.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention utilizes the characteristic that the optical cable usually has a margin when being connected on the tension tower, for example, an optical fiber ring attached to the side wall of the tower or an optical fiber connection box attached to the side wall of the tower, applies vibration with a specific frequency to the side wall of the tower through a vibrator, couples the vibration on the optical fiber ring of the tension tower or the optical fiber in the optical fiber connection box, detects the length of the optical cable at the position, away from the optical port of the equipment, of the vibration event with the specific frequency through vibration sensitive optical fiber sensing equipment of a terminal, and considers the length of the optical cable at the position, away from the optical port of the equipment, of the tension tower. The invention provides a geographic information calibration method for a strain tower in an overhead transmission line, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, arranging optical fiber sensing equipment in a transformer substation, and connecting an optical fiber unit in an optoelectronic composite cable in a power transmission line with an equipment optical port;
step 2, placing and fixing a vibrator on the side wall of the tower of the first strain tower;
step 3, setting the working time of the optical fiber sensor measuring terminal to be synchronous with the working time of the vibrator;
step 4, the optical fiber sensing equipment transmits repeated pulses, samples N sampling points arranged on the whole optical cable length, and searches the sampling point with the maximum frequency component amplitude value on the frequency to calculate the optical cable length of the first strain tower relative to the equipment light port;
step 5, placing and fixing the vibrator on the side wall of the tower of the second strain tower, transmitting repeated pulses by the optical fiber sensing equipment, continuously sampling points, and searching the sampling points with the maximum frequency component amplitude values on the frequency to calculate the length of the optical cable of the second strain tower relative to the optical port of the equipment;
step 6, sequentially calculating the lengths of the optical cables of other tension towers relative to the light opening of the equipment according to the calculation method in the step 5;
and 7, calculating the optical cable length of the tangent tower from the optical port of the optical fiber sensing equipment and the GPS coordinate of the tangent tower according to the optical cable length of all the strain towers relative to the optical port of the optical fiber sensing equipment and the corresponding GPS coordinate.
Further, the specific method of step 4 is as follows:
(4.1) the optical fiber sensing equipment emits K repeated pulses within 1 minute, and the optical fiber sensor measuring terminal conducts K repeated sampling on each sampling point within 1 minute;
(4.2) performing FFT (fast Fourier transform) on the K repeated sampling data of the same sampling point on the optical cable in 1 minute to obtain an amplitude-frequency response diagram of the data, and extracting the amplitude corresponding to the frequency H1, wherein H1 is the frequency of the vibrator;
(4.3) setting N sampling points on the whole optical cable length, sampling the N sampling points according to the steps (4.1) - (4.2) and carrying out FFT to obtain an amplitude-frequency response graph of each sampling point, extracting amplitudes corresponding to the frequency H1, thus obtaining the amplitude of the frequency component of the N sampling points on the frequency H1, carrying out peak searching on the N amplitudes and finding the maximum value of the N amplitudes, and obtaining the amplitude AmThe corresponding sampling point is the Mth sampling point on the length of the optical cable, and H1 is the vibration frequency of the vibrator;
(4.4) presetting time for 10 minutes, alternately performing vibration time by taking one minute as a unit, and sequentially finding 5 sampling points M according to the step (4.3) within 10 minutes1To M5Wherein M is1To M5The 5 sampling points are respectively the F-th sampling point in the N sampling points on the whole optical cable length1A, F2… item F5And if the sampling rate of the optical fiber sensor measuring terminal is P (MSPS), the length of the first tension tower relative to the optical cable at the optical port of the equipment is considered as W1, wherein:
further, the specific method of step 5 is as follows: and (3) after the length of the optical cable of the first strain tower relative to the light port of the optical fiber sensing equipment is obtained, fixing the vibrator on a second strain tower, wherein the span from the first strain tower to the second strain tower is L2, calculating the length of the optical cable of the second strain tower relative to the light port of the optical fiber sensing equipment from W1+ L2 to W1+ L2 x 1.2, sampling points between the lengths of the optical cables, and calculating the length of the optical cable of the second strain tower relative to the light port of the optical fiber sensing equipment to be W2 according to the methods in the steps (4.1) - (4.4).
Further, the specific method of step 7 is as follows:
(7.1) sequentially obtaining that the lengths of the optical cables of all the strain towers along the line relative to the optical ports of the optical fiber sensing equipment are W1，W2…WIAnd the GPS corresponding to each strain tower is G1，G2…GII is the total number of the strain towers;
(7.2) S linear towers are arranged between the first strain tower and the second strain tower, and the lengths of the optical cables from the first strain tower and the second strain tower to the optical port of the optical fiber sensing equipment are respectively W1And W2Respective GPS coordinate G1And G2Then, is to W1And W2，G1And G2The uniform interpolation is carried out according to S points to obtain the light of the ith tangent tower from the optical port of the optical fiber sensing equipmentThe cable length is W1iI ranges from 1 to S;
(7.3) the GPS coordinate is represented by longitude and latitude, X represents longitude, Y represents latitude, and the GPS coordinate of the tension tower 1 is G1(X1，Y1) And the GPS coordinate of the strain tower n is Gn(Xn，Yn) Same for G1(X1,Y1) And G2(X2,Y2) Interpolation is carried out according to S points to obtain the GPS coordinate G of the ith tangent tower1i(X1i，Y1i) I ranges from 1 to S;
and (7.4) carrying out interpolation calculation on all the tangent towers among the tension towers according to the methods from (7.2) to (7.3) to obtain the GPS coordinates of all the tangent towers along the line and the optical cable length of the tangent towers from the optical port of the optical fiber sensing equipment.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) the method has the advantages that the length of the optical cable of each strain tower relative to the optical port of the optical fiber sensing equipment and the GPS coordinates of the strain tower are accurately obtained, the geographical position of an event can be quickly positioned according to the corresponding relation when the optical fiber sensing system is used for monitoring the power transmission line, and the maintenance work of the power transmission line by related personnel is greatly facilitated;
(2) the invention can carry out calibration under the condition of not influencing the normal work of the power transmission line network, and only needs to ensure that the vibration can be transmitted to the optical fiber ring or the optical fiber splice box on the tower through the side wall of the tower;
(3) the invention uses the GPS device to synchronously vibrate and detect, reduces the probability of misjudgment events and increases the reliability of the calibration result.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of optical cables laid along a strain tower and a tangent tower of a transmission line;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the position of the fiber ring and the installed vibrator during cable splicing on the tension tower;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of span between towers and cable length.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention provides a geographic information calibration method of a strain tower in an overhead transmission line based on a vibration sensitive optical fiber sensing technology, which is characterized in that the working time of an optical fiber sensing system and a vibrator on the strain tower is synchronized through a GPS device, and the characteristic that an optical cable often has allowance when being connected on the strain tower is utilized, for example, an optical fiber ring attached to the side wall of the tower or an optical fiber connection box attached to the side wall of the tower is provided, the vibrator applies vibration with specific frequency to the side wall of the tower, the vibration is coupled on the optical fiber ring of the strain tower or an optical fiber in the optical fiber connection box, and the vibration event with the specific frequency is detected by vibration sensitive optical fiber sensing equipment of a terminal to be away from the optical cable length of the strain tower to an equipment optical port, so that the optical cable length of the strain tower to the equipment optical port is considered to be away from the optical cable length of the equipment optical port. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
arranging optical fiber sensing equipment in a transformer substation, and connecting an optical fiber unit in an optoelectronic composite cable in a power transmission line with an equipment optical port;
step two, as shown in fig. 2, placing and fixing a low-power-consumption vibrator on the side wall of the tower of the first strain tower;
and step three, setting the vibrator to start to work from the time T1, finishing the work to the time T2, setting the vibration frequency to be H1(HZ), setting the optical fiber sensing equipment of the terminal to measure from the time T1, finishing the measurement to the time T2, setting the pulse frequency to be H2(HZ), and setting H2 to be more than 5H 1. Where T1 and T2 both refer to absolute time granted by the GPS device in the format of year, month, day, hour, minute and second, and T1 is set to 0, T2-T1 is 10 minutes and 0 seconds. If T1 is 0 min 0 s at 1 month, 1 day, 12 hours in 2020, T2 is 10 min 0 s at 1 month, 1 day, 12 hours in 2020. Setting the vibrator to be in an operating state within the time from T1 to T2, wherein the vibration time in the operating state is crossed by one minute, for example, the vibration is carried out within 12 hours, 0 minutes and 0 seconds to 12 hours, 1 minute and 0 second to 12 hours, 2 minutes and 0 seconds to not vibrate, and 12 hours, 2 minutes and 0 seconds to 12 hours, 3 minutes and 0 seconds, and the vibration is circularly carried out within the operating time;
and step four, the working time of the optical fiber sensor measuring terminal is synchronous with the working time of the vibrator in step three. The optical fiber sensing device emits K-1 min H2 repetitive pulses within 1 minute of operation, that is, K-1 min H2 repetitive samples are taken for each sampling point along the length of the optical fiber cable. And performing FFT (fast Fourier transform) on the K repeated sampling data of the same sampling point on the optical cable in 1 minute to obtain an amplitude-frequency response diagram of the data, and extracting the amplitude corresponding to the frequency H1. The optical fiber sensing equipment of the terminal is provided with N sampling points on the whole optical cable length, the FFT is carried out on the N points to obtain an amplitude-frequency response graph of each sampling point, amplitudes corresponding to the frequency of H1 (the vibration frequency of a vibrator) are extracted, and thus the amplitude of frequency components of the N sampling points on the frequency of H1, A1，A2…AN，A1To ANCorresponding to the 1 st sampling point to the Nth sampling point respectively, searching the peak of the N amplitude values and finding the maximum value thereof to obtain the amplitude value AmAnd the corresponding sampling point is the Mth sampling point on the length of the optical cable, and the point is the position where the vibration event occurs.
Setting the vibrator in the third step, crossing the vibration time in one minute unit, performing the FFT and peak searching for the data of each minute and finding the maximum value, and for the 0 th minute to the 1 st minute in the step 3, vibrating the vibrator to find the F th sampling point in the length of the optical cable12 nd minute to 3 rd minute, when the vibrator is vibrating, the sampling point found by the above operation is the F th time on the length of the optical cable2… the working time of one calibration is 10 minutes, and after the operation, the found sampling points are sequentially the F-th sampling point of the N sampling points1To the F th5The sampling rate of the optical fiber sensor measuring terminal is P (MSPS), the first one is consideredA strain tower having a length W1 (meters) relative to the cable at the equipment lightport, wherein:
and step five, after the length of the optical cable of the first strain tower relative to the optical port of the optical fiber sensing equipment is obtained, the vibrator is detached and fixed on the second strain tower according to the mode of the step two, and the vibrator and the optical fiber sensing equipment are arranged according to the mode of the step three. When the second strain tower is calibrated, FFT is not needed to be carried out on all sampling points in the measuring length. The length of the optical cable between the two tension towers is 10 to 20 percent longer than the span length. Calculating the span from the first strain tower to the second strain tower according to the GPS coordinates to be L2, wherein the span is the linear distance between the two strain towers, and the length of the optical cable at the optical port of the second strain tower relative to the optical fiber sensing equipment can be estimated to be W1+ L2 to W1+ L2 x 1.2, so that the operation of the fourth step is only needed to be carried out on the sampling point between W1+ L2 to W1+ L2 x 1.2 on the length of the optical cable.
After FFT and peak searching are carried out on the sampling points according to the fourth step and the maximum value is found, the position of the vibration event is judged, and finally the length of the optical cable of the second strain tower relative to the light port of the optical fiber sensing equipment is W2;
step six, obtaining the length W of the optical cable at the optical port of the nth strain tower relative to the optical fiber sensing equipmentnThen the vibrator is disassembled and fixed on the (n + 1) th strain tower according to the mode of the step two, and the span from the (n + 1) th strain tower to the (n) th strain tower is Ln+1Therefore, when the n +1 th strain tower is calibrated, the whole measurement distance of the equipment only falls within Wn+Ln+1To Wn+1.2*Ln+1And (5) performing the operation of the step four on the sampling points in between. After FFT and peak searching are carried out on the sampling points according to the fourth step and the maximum value is found, the position of the vibration event is judged, and the length W of the optical cable of the (n + 1) th strain tower relative to the light port of the optical fiber sensing equipment is obtainedn+1；
Step eight, according to the steps, the lengths of the optical cables of all the strain towers along the line relative to the optical ports of the optical fiber sensing equipment are sequentially W1，W2…WIAnd each corresponding GPS is G1，G2…GIWherein I is the total number of the strain towers;
step nine, as shown in fig. 1, S linear towers are arranged between the first tension tower and the second tension tower. Obtaining the lengths of the optical cables from the first strain tower and the second strain tower to the optical port of the optical fiber sensing equipment as W1And W2Respective GPS coordinate G1And G2Then, is to W1And W2，G1And G2The uniform interpolation is carried out according to S points to obtain the length W of the optical cable between the ith tangent tower and the optical port of the optical fiber sensing equipment1iI ranges from 1 to S;
wherein the GPS coordinate is represented by longitude and latitude, X represents longitude and Y represents latitude, for example, the GPS coordinate of the tension tower 1 is G1(X1，Y1) And the GPS coordinate of the strain tower n is Gn(Xn，Yn) Same for G1(X1,Y1) And G2(X2,Y2) Interpolation is carried out according to S points to obtain the GPS coordinate G of the ith tangent tower1i(X1i，Y1i) I ranges from 1 to S;
and step ten, performing interpolation calculation on all the tangent towers among the tension towers according to the method in the step nine, so as to obtain the GPS coordinates of all the tension towers and the tangent towers along the line and the optical cable length of the optical port of the optical fiber sensing equipment.
Claims (3)
1. A geographic information calibration method for a strain tower in an overhead transmission line is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, arranging optical fiber sensing equipment in a transformer substation, and connecting an optical fiber unit in an optoelectronic composite cable in a power transmission line with an equipment optical port;
step 2, placing and fixing a vibrator on the side wall of the tower of the first strain tower;
step 3, setting the working time of the optical fiber sensor measuring terminal to be synchronous with the working time of the vibrator;
step 4, the optical fiber sensing equipment transmits repeated pulses, samples N sampling points arranged on the whole optical cable length, and searches the sampling point with the maximum frequency component amplitude value on the frequency to calculate the optical cable length of the first strain tower relative to the equipment light port;
step 5, placing and fixing the vibrator on the side wall of the tower of the second strain tower, transmitting repeated pulses by the optical fiber sensing equipment, continuously sampling points, and searching the sampling points with the maximum frequency component amplitude values on the frequency to calculate the length of the optical cable of the second strain tower relative to the optical port of the equipment;
step 6, sequentially calculating the lengths of the optical cables of other tension towers relative to the light opening of the equipment according to the calculation method in the step 5;
step 7, calculating the optical cable length of the tangent tower from the optical port of the optical fiber sensing equipment and the GPS coordinate of the tangent tower according to the optical cable length of all the strain towers relative to the optical port of the optical fiber sensing equipment and the corresponding GPS coordinate;
the specific method of step 4 is as follows:
(4.1) the optical fiber sensing equipment emits K repeated pulses within 1 minute, and the optical fiber sensor measuring terminal conducts K repeated sampling on each sampling point within 1 minute;
(4.2) performing FFT (fast Fourier transform) on the K repeated sampling data of the same sampling point on the optical cable in 1 minute to obtain an amplitude-frequency response diagram of the data, and extracting the amplitude corresponding to the frequency H1, wherein H1 is the vibration frequency of the vibrator;
(4.3) setting N number of the optical cables in the whole lengthSampling N sampling points according to the steps (4.1) - (4.2) and carrying out FFT to obtain an amplitude-frequency response graph of each sampling point, extracting amplitudes corresponding to the frequency H1, thus obtaining the amplitude of the frequency component of the N sampling points on the frequency H1, carrying out peak searching on the N amplitudes and finding the maximum value of the N amplitudes, and obtaining the amplitude AmThe corresponding sampling point is the Mth sampling point on the length of the optical cable, and H1 is the vibration frequency of the vibrator;
(4.4) presetting time for 10 minutes, carrying out vibration time at one minute unit crossing intervals, and sequentially finding 5 sampling points M according to the step (4.3) within 10 minutes1To M5Wherein M is1To M5The 5 sampling points are respectively the F-th sampling point in the N sampling points on the whole optical cable length1A, F2… item F5And if the sampling rate of the optical fiber sensor measuring terminal is P (MSPS), the length of the first tension tower relative to the optical cable at the optical port of the equipment is considered as W1, wherein:
2. the method for calibrating the geographical information of the strain tower in the overhead transmission line according to claim 1, wherein the specific method in the step 5 is as follows: and (3) after the length of the optical cable of the first strain tower relative to the light port of the optical fiber sensing equipment is obtained, fixing the vibrator on a second strain tower, wherein the span from the first strain tower to the second strain tower is L2, calculating the length of the optical cable of the second strain tower relative to the light port of the optical fiber sensing equipment from W1+ L2 to W1+ L2 x 1.2, sampling points between the lengths of the optical cables, and calculating the length of the optical cable of the second strain tower relative to the light port of the optical fiber sensing equipment to be W2 according to the methods in the steps (4.1) - (4.4).
3. The method for calibrating the geographical information of the strain tower in the overhead transmission line according to claim 2, wherein the specific method in the step 7 is as follows:
(7.1) sequentially obtaining that the lengths of the optical cables of all the strain towers along the line relative to the optical ports of the optical fiber sensing equipment are W1，W2…WIAnd the GPS corresponding to each strain tower is G1，G2…GII is the total number of the strain towers;
(7.2) S linear towers are arranged between the first strain tower and the second strain tower, and the lengths of the optical cables from the first strain tower and the second strain tower to the optical port of the optical fiber sensing equipment are respectively W1And W2Respective GPS coordinate G1And G2Then, is to W1And W2，G1And G2The uniform interpolation is carried out according to S points to obtain the length W of the optical cable between the ith tangent tower and the optical port of the optical fiber sensing equipment1iI ranges from 1 to S;
(7.3) the GPS coordinate is represented by longitude and latitude, X represents longitude, Y represents latitude, and the GPS coordinate of the tension tower 1 is G1(X1，Y1) And the GPS coordinate of the strain tower n is Gn(Xn，Yn) Same for G1(X1，Y1) And G2(X2，Y2) Interpolation is carried out according to S points to obtain the GPS coordinate G of the ith tangent tower1i(X1i，Y1i) I ranges from 1 to S;
and (7.4) carrying out interpolation calculation on all the tangent towers among the tension towers according to the methods from (7.2) to (7.3) to obtain the GPS coordinates of all the tangent towers along the line and the optical cable length of the tangent towers from the optical port of the optical fiber sensing equipment.
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