Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of process for extracting that obtains high phospholipid content krill oil; Phospholipids content also contains multiple elements to the human body beneficial such as astaxanthin, unsaturated fatty acids, VITAMINs, trace element simultaneously up to 40%~45% in the krill oil that this method obtains.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of method of from krill, extracting high phospholipid content krill oil, it is characterized by, and may further comprise the steps:
(1) heating: krill is fished for the back 50~120 ℃ of heating down, and be 3~20 minutes heat-up time;
(2) drying: the krill after will heating carries out drying, and drying temperature is 20~90 ℃;
(3) pulverize: krill is pulverized in dry back, is ground into 5~100 purpose krill meals, and the pulverizing time can be controlled at 1~30 minute;
(4) soak: soak krill meal with the ethanolic soln organic solvent more than 90% down at 15~35 ℃, solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 2~1: 10, and the time is 0.5~2 hour;
(5) shear: the krill meal suspension liquid after the immersion is sheared with the emulsification pretreatment machine and is extracted 2 times, and shearing rotating speed for the first time is 4000~6000rpm, and shear time is 1~10 minute, and shearing rotating speed for the second time is 7000~10000rpm, and shear time is 1~20 minute;
(6) extract: the krill meal suspension liquid to shearing after extracting extracts; Separation and Extraction liquid; Krill meal is extracted 2~4 times altogether, krill meal and 90% above ethanolic soln organic solvent solid-to-liquid ratio are 1: 2~1: 10, are preferably stirring at leaching process again; Stir and extracted 1~3 hour, temperature can be 4~30 ℃;
(7) solvent evaporates: united extraction liquid, with extracting solution 30~60 ℃ of temperature, vacuum tightness-0.05~-0.1MPa under rotary evaporation, removing and obtaining phospholipids content in the extracting solution behind the organic solvent is 40%~45% krill oil.In order to ensure the not residual organic solvent that exceeds standard in the shrimp sauce, in the krill oil that obtains, feed gas and remove residual organic solvent in the shrimp sauce, make the Determination of Residual Organic Solvents National standard.
Advantage of the present invention is just to carry out drying to after just fishing for the krill heating, has both utilized the energy of heating to quicken the exsiccant process, has also saved energy; Keep corresponding at leaching process, needn't heat, also save lot of energy with envrionment temperature; It is poach or pressurization poach when heating under the normal atmosphere particularly to the krill type of heating; Not only can guarantee the safety of heat sterilization, the isolated hot water in heating back is used for heating and extracting liquid, the evaporative removal organic solvent; Further effectively utilize the ability of heating, more saved lot of energy; These also all greatly reduce tooling cost.To just fishing for krill simultaneously; Through heat and make autolytic enzyme inactivation in the krill at once to just fishing for krill; Sterilization makes the spoilage organism in the krill lose life condition, effectively keeps the krill oil of krill and extraction fresh strong, prevents the enzymolysis and the conversion of corrupt sex change, effective constituent.Also have the present invention can effectively improve the content of phosphatide in krill oil through shearing the mode of extracting, the finished product also contain unsaturated fatty acids, astaxanthin, VITAMINs and various trace elements etc.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) heating: krill is fished for the back 80 ℃ of heating down, and be 10 minutes heat-up time;
(2) drying: krill is carried out vacuum-drying; The vacuum-drying temperature is 50 ℃, and vacuum tightness is-0.05MPa;
(3) pulverize: dry back krill is pulverized, and is crushed to 80 purpose krill meals, and the pulverizing time is 5 minutes;
(4) soak: soak krill meal with ethanol down at 30 ℃, solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 8, and the time is 2 hours;
(5) shear: soak back krill meal suspension liquid and shear extraction 2 times with the emulsification pretreatment machine, shearing rotating speed for the first time is 6000rpm, and shear time is 5 minutes, and shearing rotating speed for the second time is 7000rpm, and shear time is 5 minutes;
(6) extract: the krill meal suspension liquid to shearing after extracting extracts, and separation and Extraction liquid extracts 1 time krill meal more altogether, and krill meal and ethanol solid-to-liquid ratio are 1: 8, stirs and extracts 3 hours, and temperature is 30 ℃;
(7) solvent evaporates: united extraction liquid, 60 ℃ of temperature, vacuum tightness is rotary evaporation under-0.05MPa with extracting solution, and removing and obtaining phospholipids content in the extracting solution behind the ethanol is 45% krill oil.In order to ensure the not residual organic solvent that exceeds standard in the shrimp sauce, in the krill oil that obtains, feed dioxide gas and remove residual organic solvent in the shrimp sauce, make the Determination of Residual Organic Solvents National standard.
Embodiment 2
(1) heating: krill is fished for the back 100 ℃ of heating down, and be 10 minutes heat-up time;
(2) drying: krill is carried out drying; The vacuum-drying temperature is 90 ℃, and vacuum tightness is-0.1MPa;
(3) pulverize: dried krill is pulverized, be crushed to 80 orders, the pulverizing time is 5 minutes;
(4) soak: the ethanolic soln with 90% soaks krill meal down at 30 ℃, and solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 8, and the time is 2 hours;
(5) shear: soak back krill meal suspension liquid and shear extraction 2 times with the emulsification pretreatment machine, shearing rotating speed for the first time is 10000rpm, and shear time is 5 minutes, and shearing rotating speed for the second time is 4000rpm, and shear time is 5 minutes;
(6) extract: the krill meal suspension liquid to shearing after extracting extracts, and separation and Extraction liquid extracts 1 time isolating krill meal again, and krill meal is 1: 8 with 91% ethanolic soln organic solvent solid-to-liquid ratio, stirs extraction 3 hours, and temperature is 30 ℃;
(7) solvent evaporates: united extraction liquid, 60 ℃ of temperature, vacuum tightness is rotary evaporation under-0.1MPa with extracting solution, and removing and obtaining phospholipids content in the extracting solution behind the second alcohol and water is 42.5% krill oil.
Embodiment 3
(1) heating: krill is fished for the back 50 ℃ of heating down, and be 20 minutes heat-up time;
(2) drying: krill is carried out drying; Drying temperature is 40 ℃, and vacuum tightness is-0.1MPa;
(3) pulverize: dried krill is crushed to 10 orders, and the pulverizing time is 3 minutes;
(4) soak: the ethanolic soln with 95% soaks krill meal down at 30 ℃, and solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 10, and the time is 0.5 hour;
(5) shear: the krill meal suspension liquid after soaking is sheared with the emulsification pretreatment machine extracted 2 times, shearing rotating speed for the first time is 6000rpm, and shear time is 5 minutes, and shearing rotating speed for the second time is 10000rpm, and shear time is 5 minutes;
(6) extract: the krill meal suspension liquid to shearing after extracting extracts, and separation and Extraction liquid extracts 3 times the krill powder again, and krill meal is 1: 2 with 95% ethanolic soln organic solvent solid-to-liquid ratio, stirs extraction 3 hours, and temperature is 30 ℃;
(7) solvent evaporates: united extraction liquid, 60 ℃ of temperature, vacuum tightness is rotary evaporation under-0.08MPa with extracting solution, and removing and obtaining phospholipids content in the extracting solution behind the second alcohol and water is 40.5% krill oil.
Embodiment 4
(1) heating: krill is fished for the back 120 ℃ of heating down, and be 8 minutes heat-up time;
(2) drying: krill is carried out vacuum-drying; The vacuum-drying temperature is 90 ℃, and vacuum tightness is-0.1MPa;
(3) pulverize: dry back krill is pulverized, and is crushed to 100 purpose krill meals, and the pulverizing time is 30 minutes;
(4) soak: the ethanolic soln with ethanol and 99% soaks krill meal down at 35 ℃, and solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 2, and the time is 2 hours;
(5) shear: the krill meal suspension liquid after soaking is sheared with the emulsification pretreatment machine extracted 4 times, shearing rotating speed for the first time is 4000rpm, and shear time is 10 minutes; For the second time shearing rotating speed is 6000rpm; Shear time is 10 minutes, and shearing rotating speed for the third time is 6000rpm, and shear time is 10 minutes; The 4th time is sheared rotating speed is 10000rpm, and shear time is 10 minutes;
(6) extract: the krill meal suspension liquid to shearing after extracting extracts, and separation and Extraction liquid extracts 3 times the krill powder again, and krill meal is 1: 10 with 98% ethanolic soln organic solvent solid-to-liquid ratio, stirs extraction 3 hours, and temperature is 30 ℃;
(7) solvent evaporates: united extraction liquid, 60 ℃ of temperature, vacuum tightness is rotary evaporation under-0.1MPa with extracting solution, and removing and obtaining phospholipids content in the extracting solution behind the second alcohol and water is 44.5% krill oil.