CN101524099A - Method of utilizing supercritical CO2 extraction technology to prepare primitive coconut oil - Google Patents
Method of utilizing supercritical CO2 extraction technology to prepare primitive coconut oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN101524099A CN101524099A CN200910135175A CN200910135175A CN101524099A CN 101524099 A CN101524099 A CN 101524099A CN 200910135175 A CN200910135175 A CN 200910135175A CN 200910135175 A CN200910135175 A CN 200910135175A CN 101524099 A CN101524099 A CN 101524099A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method of utilizing supercritical CO2 extraction technology to prepare primitive coconut oil, which consists of pretreatment and extraction of raw materials and separation of products. Coconuts are peeled, dug, then dried and ground; then supercritical CO2 liquid is utilized to extract the coconut powder and ethanol is taken as an entrainer to get the extract; pressure increase-decrease release method is used to convert the supercritical CO2 liquid in the extract into gas for recovery; after cooling and standing, VCO is solidified and separated from ethanol to give out ethanol, thus finally getting the full-flavored primitive coconut oil. The simple, quick and effective process under mild conditions can preserve the natural active components in the coconut oil to the largest extent. The obtained VCO which is limpid and has inherent aroma, has diversified heath care functions and promotes the development of VCO processing industry in the coconut oil industry in China.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of ecosystem coconut oil, belong to agricultural product processing technique field in postpartum.
Technical background
Ecosystem coconut oil (Virgin coconut oil, be called for short VCO), by (the The Philippine National Standards of Philippine State Standard Bureau, PNS) regulation, be with machinery or natural method, from fresh, ripe coconut meat, extract coconut oil, carry out refining, bleaching or deodorizing and a kind of product that does not change the natural character of coconut oil of producing without chemical method.VCO is called as " virgin's coconut oil " in China Taiwan.Owing to add and do not add any chemicals man-hour, do not need refining, therefore the ecosystem coconut oil has kept the coconut oil original bioactive components more, for example vitamin E, fertility triolefin and polyphenol compound etc., compare with the coconut oil of conventional method preparation, the ecosystem coconut oil is safer, more useful.The ecosystem coconut oil has the natural flavor of coconut, and free fatty acid content is lower than 0.1%, and the carbochain of its aliphatic acid distributes and belongs to normal range (NR), and the composition of saturated fatty acid and unrighted acid is reasonable.It is reported that VCO has the function that reduces cholesterol, triglyceride, phosphatide, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and VLDL cholesterol levels in the blood; The anti-oxidation function of interior free yls such as minimizing hydroxyl; Destroy the antibacterial functions of mushrooms such as unicellular hyperplasia Listeria, helicobacter pylori; Antiviral functions such as anti-HIV, gebitalis virus-1, influenza virus and cytomegalovirus.At present, the ecosystem coconut oil in the purposes of industries such as food, medicine, daily cosmetics more and more widely.In countries such as Philippine, Indonesia, the development of the manufacture of ecosystem coconut oil is also very fast.K.G.Nevin and T.Rajamohan (2004) report, the processing technology of VCO is: the solid endosperm of ripe coconut is ground, make the slurry of thickness, squeeze to obtain the coconut palm breast with crocus cloth, cooling 48h, slowly be heated to 50 ℃ then, with the gained ecosystem coconut oil overanxious ecosystem coconut oil that promptly gets of crocus cloth.This method is simple to operate, does not also have heating and chemical process in the technology.But consuming time longer, it is also low that grease is produced worry.At present domesticly favourablely prepare the report of VCO with aqueous enzymatic method, but the aqueous enzymatic method long action time, complex process, enzymolysis product easily causes spoiled by rancid oil or fat.
Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method is a kind of novel extraction and separation technology, have simple to operate, efficient, quick, operating condition is gentle, to the destruction of active ingredient less and be easy to characteristics such as separation, be suitable for extraction and purifying to biology, food, cosmetics and medicine etc.What in recent years, supercritical extraction technique was used in the extraction of the extraction separation of animal and plant fat and active ingredient thereof separates is very extensive.The maximum characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method are exactly to destroy very little, simple to operate, quick to the active ingredient in the material.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of supercritical CO
2Abstraction technique prepares the method for ecosystem coconut oil, and this method extraction process is simple, quick, can realize farthest protection to the active skull cap components of coconut oil; The recovery rate height, gained ecosystem coconut oil quality is good, and product are of fine quality.
Principle of the present invention is as follows:
Supercritical CO
2Fluid is to be in critical-temperature (T
C=31.1 ℃) and critical pressure (P
C=7.38MPa) the dense fluids of above non-condensability has excellent solvent property, and viscosity is low, and density is big, have preferably flow, mass transfer, heat transfer and solubility property.CO
2When fluid was in supercriticality, its density approached fluid density, and with the change of fluid pressure and temperature fairly obvious variation took place, and the solubility of solute in supercritical fluid increases with the increase of shooting flow volume density.That entrainer is meant that add in the supercritical fluid gas a kind of a spot of can be miscible with it, the material of volatility between separated material and overcritical component can make the extracting power of supercritical fluid strengthen usually, reduce operating pressure, cut down the consumption of energy.Under elevated pressures, supercritical CO
2Fluid is dissolved in coconut oil in the fluid, therebetween, is entrainer with 95% ethanol, reduces the temperature of the pressure or the rising fluid solution of fluid solution then, makes supercritical CO
2CO in the immiscible material of fluid and ecosystem coconut oil
2Density descends, and solubility reduces and separates out, and ethanol is separated with VCO after utilizing the freezing point characteristics higher than the freezing point of VCO of ethanol that VCO is solidified again, thereby realization is to the extraction of coconut oil.Because CO
2Stable, nontoxic, safety, cheapness, the low (T of critical-temperature and critical pressure
C=31.1 ℃, P
C=7.38MPa), the operating condition gentleness, therefore, destruction to active ingredient in the coconut oil is few, and be easy to separate, being suitable for extracting the ecosystem coconut oil, remaining degreasing coconut powder can be used for extracting compositions such as coconut protein isolate, coconut active polysaccharide, be beneficial to the comprehensive utilization of realization, turn waste into wealth coconut.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
Supercritical CO
2Abstraction technique prepares the method for ecosystem coconut oil, comprises raw material pre-treatment process, extraction process, product separation process, and its step is as follows:
One, raw material pre-treatment process: the old coconut fruit of selective maturation, drying makes the coconut meat water content less than 7% under low temperature after shelling, go kind of a skin, cleaning, plane silk, pulverizes, and sieves, and obtains the coconut meat powder.
Two, extraction process: use supercritical CO
2Fluid is at pressure 25～40MPa, 35～45 ℃ of temperature, CO
2Extraction coconut meat powder is 1～3 hour under the condition of flow 10～25L/h, obtains extract.Therebetween, adding 95% ethanol is entrainer, and addition is 35～45% of a coconut meat powder by weight.
Three, product separation process: utilize pressure increase and decrease method for releasing to make extract under the condition of 45～60 ℃ of 4～10MPa, temperature, separate supercritical CO
2Fluid becomes gas and is recovered, and institute's excess is placed at normal temperatures and pressures and made CO
2Volatilization is clean, then 4～15 ℃ place down VCO is solidified and with the ethanol layering (because the freezing point of VCO is 26～28 ℃, the freezing point of ethanol is-114 ℃, VCO solidifies and occupy lower floor, ethanol still is in the upper strata for liquid state), inclining ethanol, can obtain ecosystem coconut oil limpid, that omit displaing yellow, give off a strong fragrance under the normal temperature.
Technology of the present invention is simple, and cost is low, utilizes supercritical CO
2It is quick, safe, minimum to the active ingredient destruction of coconut oil that abstraction technique prepares the ecosystem coconut oil, adopt entrainer can improve recovery rate effectively, promote product quality, gained VCO is limpid, have strong coconut oil fragrance, remaining degreasing coconut powder can be used for extracting compositions such as coconut protein isolate, coconut active polysaccharide, is beneficial to the comprehensive utilization of realization to coconut.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with non-limiting embodiment.
Embodiment one,
One, raw material pre-treatment process: (this coconut fruit meat is thick at the old coconut fruit more than 12 months to select growth period, the oil content height), shell, peel, clean, dig silk,, make in the coconut meat moisture less than 7% then with coconut shredded meat under 45 ℃ temperature dry 3 hours, pulverize again, cross 20 mesh sieves.
Two, extraction process: use supercritical CO
2Fluid is at pressure 30MPa, 45 ℃ of temperature, CO
2Extraction coconut meat powder is 1.5 hours under the condition of flow 25L/h, obtains extract.With 95% ethanol is entrainer, and addition is 40% (v/m) of coconut meat powder.
Three, product separation process: utilize pressure increase and decrease method for releasing to make extract under the condition of 42 ℃ of 8MPa, temperature, separate supercritical CO
2Fluid becomes gas and is recovered, and institute's excess is placed at normal temperatures and pressures and made CO in 1 hour
2Volatilization is clean, then 12 ℃ place down VCO is solidified and with the ethanol layering, inclining ethanol, can obtain limpid under the normal temperature, slightly displaing yellow, the ecosystem coconut oil that gives off a strong fragrance.The VCO recovery rate can reach 85%～88%.
Embodiment two,
One, raw material pre-treatment: (this coconut fruit meat is thick at the old coconut fruit more than 12 months to select growth period, the oil content height), shell, peel, clean, dig silk,, make in the coconut meat moisture less than 7% then with coconut shredded meat under 40 ℃ temperature dry 3 hours, pulverize again, cross 40 mesh sieves.
Two, extraction process: use supercritical CO
2Fluid is at pressure 35MPa, 45 ℃ of temperature, CO
2Extraction coconut meat powder is 1.5 hours under the condition of flow 20L/h, obtains extract.With 95% ethanol is entrainer, and addition is 40% (v/m) of coconut meat powder.
Three, product separation process: utilize pressure increase and decrease method for releasing to make extract under the condition of 48 ℃ of 5MPa, temperature, separate supercritical CO
2Fluid becomes gas and is recovered, and institute's excess is placed at normal temperatures and pressures and made CO in 1 hour
2Volatilization is clean, then 8 ℃ place down VCO is solidified and with the ethanol layering, inclining ethanol, can obtain limpid under the normal temperature, slightly displaing yellow, the ecosystem coconut oil that gives off a strong fragrance.The VCO recovery rate can reach 86%～90%.
Claims (1)
1. supercritical CO
2Abstraction technique prepares the method for ecosystem coconut oil, it is characterized in that: comprise raw material pre-treatment process, extraction process, product separation process, its step is as follows:
(1), raw material pre-treatment process: the old coconut fruit of selective maturation, drying makes the coconut meat water content less than 7% under low temperature after shelling, go kind of a skin, cleaning, plane silk, pulverizes, and sieves, and obtains the coconut meat powder;
(2), extraction process: use supercritical CO
2Fluid is at pressure 25～40MPa, 35～45 ℃ of temperature, CO
2Extraction coconut meat powder is 1～3 hour under the condition of flow 10～25L/h, obtains extract, and therebetween, adding 95% ethanol is entrainer, and addition is 35～45% of a coconut meat powder by weight;
(3), product separation process: utilize pressure increase and decrease method for releasing to make extract under the condition of 45～60 ℃ of 4～10MPa, temperature, separate supercritical CO
2Fluid becomes gas and is recovered, and institute's excess is placed at normal temperatures and pressures and made CO
2Volatilization is clean, then 4～15 ℃ place down VCO is solidified and with the ethanol layering, inclining ethanol, can obtain limpid under the normal temperature, slightly displaing yellow, the ecosystem coconut oil that gives off a strong fragrance.
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| CN200910135175A CN101524099A (en) | 2009-04-15 | 2009-04-15 | Method of utilizing supercritical CO2 extraction technology to prepare primitive coconut oil |
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| CN200910135175A CN101524099A (en) | 2009-04-15 | 2009-04-15 | Method of utilizing supercritical CO2 extraction technology to prepare primitive coconut oil |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102936532A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-02-20 | 海南建邦制药科技有限公司 | Extraction process of coconut oil |
| CN106967494A (en) * | 2016-12-04 | 2017-07-21 | 文昌椰村人家椰子加工专业合作社 | A kind of method for extracting coconut oil |
| CN107624945A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2018-01-26 | 胡方芽 | A kind of coconut ash ice cream |
| CN110452788A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-11-15 | 北京汇真源科技有限公司 | A kind of fruits and vegetables cleaning agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN111302908A (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2020-06-19 | 厦门大学 | Method for extracting and separating triethylene glycol and triethylene glycol monomethyl ether by using supercritical carbon dioxide |
-
2009
- 2009-04-15 CN CN200910135175A patent/CN101524099A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102936532A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-02-20 | 海南建邦制药科技有限公司 | Extraction process of coconut oil |
| CN106967494A (en) * | 2016-12-04 | 2017-07-21 | 文昌椰村人家椰子加工专业合作社 | A kind of method for extracting coconut oil |
| CN107624945A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2018-01-26 | 胡方芽 | A kind of coconut ash ice cream |
| CN110452788A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-11-15 | 北京汇真源科技有限公司 | A kind of fruits and vegetables cleaning agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN110452788B (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2021-08-27 | 北京汇真源科技有限公司 | Fruit and vegetable cleaning agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN111302908A (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2020-06-19 | 厦门大学 | Method for extracting and separating triethylene glycol and triethylene glycol monomethyl ether by using supercritical carbon dioxide |
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Open date: 20090909 |