CN102486968A - 染料敏化太阳能电池的ZnO柱状薄膜阳极及制备方法 - Google Patents

染料敏化太阳能电池的ZnO柱状薄膜阳极及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN102486968A
CN102486968A CN2010105677123A CN201010567712A CN102486968A CN 102486968 A CN102486968 A CN 102486968A CN 2010105677123 A CN2010105677123 A CN 2010105677123A CN 201010567712 A CN201010567712 A CN 201010567712A CN 102486968 A CN102486968 A CN 102486968A
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conductive glass
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杨刚强
邹小平
程进
吕学明
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Beijing Information Science and Technology University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种染料敏化太阳能电池ZnO微纳米柱电极及其在导电玻璃上制备的方法,电极由导电玻璃基板和基板上沉积的一层致密的ZnO微纳米柱薄膜构成。该方法不需事先涂敷籽晶层,不需要加表面活性剂,工艺简单、易于控制,且生产成本低,适合工业化大规模生产。

Description

染料敏化太阳能电池的ZnO柱状薄膜阳极及制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于太阳能电池领域,特别是涉及一种染料敏化太阳能电池的微纳米柱状ZnO光阳极及其制备方法。
背景技术
氧化锌是一种II-VI族宽禁带的半导体材料,禁带宽度为3.37eV,室温下具有较高的激子束缚能(60meV)和较低的电子诱生缺陷。因此,氧化锌在纳米尺度的电子和光电设备中有着潜在的应用。特别是氧化锌有望取代TiO2成为染料敏化太阳能电池的光阳极材料,简单有效的制备不同形貌、高质量的氧化锌单晶对于科学研究和科技进步是非常重要的。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种染料敏化太阳能电池的微纳米柱ZnO光阳极及其制备方法。采用一种工艺简单、易于控制,且生产成本低的电化学法,直接在导电玻璃上制备致密的单晶氧化锌微纳米柱薄膜,该方法不需事先涂敷籽晶层,不需要加入表面活性剂等,该种简单制备致密的单晶氧化锌微纳米柱薄膜的方法还未见报道。
其具体工艺步骤为:
(1)分别用去离子水、丙酮、无水乙醇清洗导电玻璃表面;
(2)取摩尔比1∶1的硝酸锌与六亚甲基四胺溶于去离子水中,机械搅拌10-20min,得到反应溶液,其中硝酸锌浓度为:0.01M-0.1M;
(3)采用电化学法中恒电流模式,将步骤(1)中所得导电玻璃作为基底以及反应阴极,金属箔片作为阳极,与步骤(2)中的反应溶液作为电解液,在反应温度为60℃-95℃条件下,电流密度为5mA/cm2-40mA/cm2,反应1min-20min;
(4)将导电玻璃取出,用去离子水、无水乙醇反复洗涤,则在导电玻璃上制备出致密的单晶ZnO微纳米柱薄膜。
(5)将制备有ZnO单晶微纳米柱薄膜的导电玻璃在300℃~500℃条件下热处理1h,即得到适合做染料敏化太阳能电池光阳极的ZnO微纳米柱薄膜。
附图说明
图1是致密的单晶ZnO微纳米柱薄膜的X射线衍射谱。
图2是致密的单晶ZnO微纳米柱薄膜的低倍扫描电镜(顶视)照片。
图3是致密的单晶ZnO微纳米柱薄膜的高倍扫描电镜(顶视)照片。
图4是致密的单晶ZnO微纳米柱薄膜的高倍扫描电镜(侧视)照片。
图5是致密的单晶ZnO微纳米柱薄膜的透射照片。
图6是图5对应方框中的高分辨照片,插入的图片是对应的选区电子衍射照片。
图7是用ZnO样品组装的染料敏化太能电池的伏安特性曲线(0.1M等摩尔浓度的反应溶液,电流为10mA/cm2,反应时间5min)。
具体实施方式
本发明的实施例仅用于进一步阐述本发明,而不限制本发明的范围。对于本领域的技术人员对本发明的内容所进行的替代、改动或变更,这些等价形式同样落入本申请所限定的范围内。
实施例1
(1)分别用去离子水、丙酮和无水乙醇清洗导电玻璃基底表面;
(2)取摩尔比1∶1的硝酸锌与六亚甲基四胺溶于去离子水中,机械搅拌10min,得到反应溶液,其中硝酸锌浓度为:0.01M;
(3)采用电化学法的恒电流模式,将步骤(1)中所得导电玻璃作为基底及电化学反应的阴极,Pt电极为阳极,采用步骤(2)中的反应溶液为电解液,在反应温度为70℃条件下,反应电流密度为10mA/cm2,反应5min;
(4)将导电玻璃基底取出,用去离子水、无水乙醇反复洗涤,则在导电基底便上制备出敏密的单晶ZnO微纳米柱薄膜。
(5)然后在400℃条件下热处理1h.
(6)用0.3mM N719敏化上述电极,并滴加氧化还原电解质于该电极上,加盖对电极组装成染料敏化太阳能电池。在标准太阳能测试装置中(AM1.5)电池受光照面积0.25cm2,测得开路电压0.5V,短路电流密度0.98mA/cm2,填充因子0.49,光电转换效率为0.24%。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于染料敏化太阳能电池的ZnO微纳米柱薄膜光阳极,其特征在于:由导电玻璃和ZnO单晶微纳米柱薄膜组成。
2.按权力要求1所述的一种用于染料敏化太阳能电池的ZnO微纳米柱薄膜光阳极,其特征在于:所述ZnO层厚度为10nm~10μm。
3.按权力要求1所述的染料敏化太阳能电池的光阳极ZnO的制备方法其特征在于:所述的方法是由下列步骤所组成:
(1)将导电玻璃用去离子水、丙酮、无水乙醇清洗表面;
(2)取摩尔比1∶1的硝酸锌与六亚甲基四胺溶于去离子水中,机械搅拌10min-20min,得到反应溶液,其中硝酸锌的浓度为:0.01M-0.1M;
(3)采用电化学法,将步骤(1)中所得导电玻璃片作为基底以及阴极,金属箔片作为阳极,步骤(2)中溶液作为电解液,采用恒电流模式,电流密度为5mA/cm2-40mA/cm2。在反应温度为60℃-95℃条件下,反应时间为1min-20min;
(4)将导电玻璃片取出,用去离子水反复洗涤,在导电玻璃上制备出致密的单晶氧化锌微纳米柱薄膜。
(5)将制备有ZnO单晶微纳米柱薄膜的导电玻璃采用300℃~500℃条件下热处理1h。
4.按权力要求1所述的一种用于染料敏化太阳能电池的光阳极ZnO的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中导电玻璃为ITO、FTO玻璃。 
CN2010105677123A 2010-12-01 2010-12-01 染料敏化太阳能电池的ZnO柱状薄膜阳极及制备方法 Pending CN102486968A (zh)

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CN106128773A (zh) * 2016-07-22 2016-11-16 合肥师范学院 一种快速高效太阳光响应ZnO多孔薄膜的制备方法

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