CN102486090A - Method for recovering upper boundary residual mine and forming lower mining cover layer of stope - Google Patents
Method for recovering upper boundary residual mine and forming lower mining cover layer of stope Download PDFInfo
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- CN102486090A CN102486090A CN2010105683463A CN201010568346A CN102486090A CN 102486090 A CN102486090 A CN 102486090A CN 2010105683463 A CN2010105683463 A CN 2010105683463A CN 201010568346 A CN201010568346 A CN 201010568346A CN 102486090 A CN102486090 A CN 102486090A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for recovering upper boundary residual mine and forming a lower mining cover layer of a stope. The method comprises the following steps: 1, forming a horizontal communication tunnel and a horizontal rock drilling tunnel perpendicular with the communication tunnel by reaching the bottom of boundary residual mine through a vertical well; 2, upward drilling a rock drilling courtyard and a rock drilling chamber in the communication tunnel, upward drilling blast holes from the rock drilling chamber, and filling an explosive into the blast holes; 3, upward drilling blast holes from the rock drilling tunnel, and filling the explosive into the blast holes; 4, exploding to make mine at the bottom of the boundary residual mine be avalanched and horizontally ejected to form the cover layer needed by the lower mining; 5, forming a communication tunnel and a rock drilling tunnel on a horizontal layer which is under the cover layer and has a preset distance to the cover layer; 6, exploding unexploded mine above the rock drilling tunnel in the rock drilling tunnel in step 5 to connect the exploded mine, the cover layer thereof and the boundary residual mine and the bottom mine shake dropped during exploding into one body; 7, carrying out mine removal on the mine in step 6; and 8, repeating the step 6 and step 7 until a designed depth is reached.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mining methods, specifically, relate to a kind of method that reclaim in the surplus ore deposit of upper edge nation and bottom mining covering layer forms of stope.
Background technology
At present, some carry out opencut in early days to the continuing to increase of mining dynamics along with domestic, major part will or by the strip mining transformation exploitation that goes underground.Stope can excavate dell when having an opencast mining of, along with the carrying out of exploitation, cheat more and more deeplyer, and the hole becomes more and more littler in the end, the avalanche more and more easily that then becomes of hole wall, thus cause danger to cheating end winning equipment and personnel.Therefore, when having an opencast mining of to a certain degree, will have to change over to and exploit from underground.When going underground exploitation by strip mining transformation, there are two problems to need to solve.A problem is need the Yu Kuang of limit nation (that is, measure in the ore deposit that is comprised under the inclination hole wall of strip mining transformation dell, and this part ore deposit amount can not be exploited when exploiting in the open) on stope top be reclaimed; Another problem is, when carrying out underground mining, need above mined bed, form certain thickness initial stage covering layer, like this, when mined bed is carried out explosion, can prevent that exploded ore is horizontal everywhere to fly.For previous problem; Most mines just utilize the first floor avalanche of underground mining to make simple process; And for a back problem, most of mine adopts the end, outward transport barren rock backfill hole to form covering layer usually, therefore; Unified consideration is not reclaimed in the bottom exploitation and the surplus ore deposit of formation initial stage covering layer and upper edge nation of stope, can not the Yu Kuang of limit nation on stope top be reclaimed as much as possible.Initial stage covering layer when in addition, the backfill of outward transport barren rock forms the exploitation of stope bottom needs the labor cost.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that reclaim in the surplus ore deposit of upper edge nation and bottom mining covering layer forms of stope to solve following point; Promptly; Through ore deposit amount avalanche,, thereby reclaim the Yu Kuang of limit nation as much as possible for the slump in limit nation surplus ore deposit later stage provides the space with bottom, the surplus ore deposit of limit nation; Through the avalanche of ore deposit, bottom, the surplus ore deposit of limit nation amount, for the covering layer of bottom mining formation adequate thickness, so that mining safety to be provided; The recovery in the surplus ore deposit of upper edge nation is carried out with bottom mining in the lump, thereby improves mining efficiency.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides the method that reclaim in the surplus ore deposit of a kind of upper edge nation of stope and bottom mining covering layer forms, and its step comprises:
A) go underground when exploitation from strip mining transformation when stope; The cut journey is implemented to adopt in the bottom that arrives the predetermined surplus ore deposit of stope upper edge nation through the vertical shaft that extends below to ground from ground; Formation is from the horizontally extending lane of said vertical shaft, and the horizontally extending rock drilling lane vertical with said lane;
B) in said lane, upwards dig courtyard and dig drilling chamber in the upper end of said courtyard, and from said drilling chamber make progress the Drilling big gun hole and the explosive of packing into;
C) make progress from said rock drilling lane the Drilling big gun hole and the explosive of packing into;
D) carry out explosion, the ore deposit amount avalanche and the level of bottom, the surplus ore deposit of limit nation are dished out, form the required initial stage covering layer of below mining;
E) on the leveling course of its bottom preset distance, implement to adopt the cut journey below tectal at the said initial stage, form said lane and rock drilling lane;
F) said in step e) adopted the ore body without explosion above this rock drilling lane of explosion in the formed rock drilling of the cut journey lane, makes the ore that during the ore body of this step borehole blasting and its initial stage covering layer and explosion, shakes the bottom, the said surplus ore deposit of limit nation that falls be connected as a single entity;
G) formed ore in the step f) is carried out ore removal, when remainder is exploited till the needed initial stage covering layer below this layer;
H) repeat above-mentioned e) to g) in step, up to reaching projected depth.
As stated; The method that the upper edge nation of stope of the present invention reclaims in surplus ore deposit and bottom mining covering layer forms not only can reclaim the Yu Kuang of upper edge nation; Significantly reduce cost recovery; And through forming the safety that covering layer has guaranteed the bottom exploitation again, and accomplished that the surplus ore deposit of upper edge nation reclaims to exploit with the bottom and carried out simultaneously, accelerated production efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a-1c is a sectional drawing, shows the method that reclaim in the surplus ore deposit of upper edge nation and bottom mining covering layer forms of stope of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing the upper edge nation surplus ore deposit recovery of stope of the present invention and the embodiment of the method that bottom mining covering layer forms are described.Those of ordinary skill in the art can recognize, under situation without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can revise described embodiment with various mode.Therefore, accompanying drawing is illustrative with being described in essence, rather than is used to limit the protection domain of claim.In addition, in this manual, accompanying drawing is not in scale to be drawn, and identical Reference numeral is represented identical part.
Fig. 1 a-1c is a sectional drawing, shows the method that reclaim in the surplus ore deposit of upper edge nation and bottom mining covering layer forms of stope of the present invention.Fig. 1 a is a vertical section to the section among the 1c, and wherein, the isobath of strip mining transformation dell hole wall is positioned at this section.Therefore, Fig. 1 a is certain isobath on the wall of the said hole ore deposit of avalanche amounts not below 1 to the surplus ore deposit 100 of the limit nation among the 1c.Shown in Fig. 1 a; When going underground exploitation from strip mining transformation; Arrive predetermined underground job layer (being the bottom in the surplus ore deposit of stope upper edge nation) through the vertical shaft (not shown) that extends below to ground from ground and implement to adopt the cut journey, promptly excavate perpendicular to the rock drilling lane (being back production route along the pulse) 3 that joins lane 2 in said predetermined underground job layer level excavation couplet lane 2 (in Fig. 1 a, extending) and level perpendicular to paper.Simultaneously, in joining lane 2, upwards dig courtyard 4 and dig drilling chamber 5 in the upper end of courtyard 4.Notice that in Fig. 1 a, the general and rock drilling lane 3 of courtyard 4 and drilling chamber 5 is not in the drawings the same section (being paper).
Adopt after the cut journey finishes when above-mentioned, according to the explosion needs, from the drilling chamber 5 radial major diameter big gun of Drilling hole 6 upwards, and from horizontal rock drilling lane 3 Drilling mesopores 7 upwards.After treating that above-mentioned blasthole drilling cutter finishes, according to the explosion needs, gradation is packed the capacity explosive into to carry out explosion in these big gun holes in batches.
Then, shown in Fig. 1 b, carry out once or blasting in groups (for example, first explosion part big gun hole 7, and then Loose Blasting hole 6 and remaining big gun hole 7) according to blasting scale, the ore deposit amount avalanche with bottom, the surplus ore deposit of limit nation forms the required initial stage covering layer 9 of below mining.Notice that the surplus ore deposit of said limit nation is during by explosion, not only avalanche downwards, and dished out by level, thereby initial stage covering layer 9 has not only covered the mining layer of below, the surplus ore deposit of limit nation, and covered the bottom of open-air dell.Formed avalanche dead zone 10 between the bottom, the surplus ore deposit of the new limit nation that forms after the top of covering layer 9 and the explosion in the early stage, avalanche dead zone 10 provides necessary space for the natural slump in the surplus ore deposit of limit nation on its top.
Then, the below of covering layer 9 is implemented the first floor on the leveling course of the bottom preset distance of initial stage covering layer 9 and is adopted the cut journey in the early stage, promptly digs to join lane 2 and rock drilling lane 3.Treat that the first floor adopts after cut journey construction finishes, in the rock drilling lane 3 of this leveling course on the Drilling to the bottom of middle deep blasting hole 7, initial stage covering layer 9 through to top.Treat that after middle deep blasting hole 7 Drillings finish according to the explosion needs, gradation is packed the capacity explosive into to carry out explosion in these big gun holes in batches.
Afterwards; Shown in Fig. 1 c; The explosive of going up in middle deep blasting hole 7 through in the first floor carries out explosion, and the ore in the first floor is integral with covering layer 9 UNICOMs on its top, and during explosion the ore bottom the surplus ore deposit of the limit nation of shock collapse constitute can ore removal ore layer 11.
After above-mentioned first floor explosion, from rock drilling lane 3, carry out ore removal through scraper 12.Like this, in the ore removal process of bottom, can constantly reclaim the ore of upper edge nation surplus ore deposit slump.
Proceed to a certain degree at first floor ore removal in (promptly having stopped the needed covering layer of below exploitation), repeat above-mentioned step to carry out second layer exploitation, ore removal.That is, adopt the cut journey implementing the second layer on the leveling course of its bottom preset distance below the ore layer 11, promptly dig and join lane 2 and rock drilling lane 3.Treat that the second layer adopts after cut journey construction finishes, in the rock drilling lane 3 of this leveling course on the Drilling to the bottom of middle deep blasting hole 7, through to the ore covering layer 11 on top.Treat that after middle deep blasting hole 7 Drillings finish according to the explosion needs, gradation is packed the capacity explosive into to carry out explosion in these big gun holes in batches.Carry out explosion through the explosive of going up in middle deep blasting hole 7 in the second layer afterwards; Ore and ore covering layer 11 UNICOMs on its top in the second layer are integral, and the ore of bottom, the surplus ore deposit of the limit nation of shock collapse constitute new ore layer that can ore removal during explosion.So, Yi Bian just can dig up mine downwards, Yi Bian reclaim the Yu Kuang of upper edge nation.
As stated; The method that the upper edge nation of stope of the present invention reclaims in surplus ore deposit and bottom mining covering layer forms not only can reclaim the Yu Kuang of upper edge nation; Significantly reduce cost recovery; And through forming the safety that covering layer has guaranteed the bottom exploitation again, and accomplished that the surplus ore deposit of upper edge nation reclaims to exploit with the bottom and carried out simultaneously, accelerated production efficiency.The method that reclaim in the surplus ore deposit of upper edge nation and bottom mining covering layer forms of stope of the present invention has as above been described with the mode of example with reference to accompanying drawing.But, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that for the method that reclaim in the surplus ore deposit of the upper edge nation of the described stope of the invention described above and bottom mining covering layer forms, can also on the basis that does not break away from content of the present invention, make various improvement.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be confirmed by the content of appending claims.
Claims (1)
1. the method that reclaim in the surplus ore deposit of the upper edge nation of a stope and bottom mining covering layer forms, it step that comprises has:
A) go underground when exploitation from strip mining transformation when stope; The cut journey is implemented to adopt in the bottom that arrives the predetermined surplus ore deposit of stope upper edge nation through the vertical shaft that extends below to ground from ground; Formation is from the horizontally extending lane of said vertical shaft, and the horizontally extending rock drilling lane vertical with said lane;
B) in said lane, upwards dig courtyard and dig drilling chamber in the upper end of said courtyard, and from said drilling chamber make progress the Drilling big gun hole and the explosive of packing into;
C) make progress from said rock drilling lane the Drilling big gun hole and the explosive of packing into;
D) carry out explosion, the ore deposit amount avalanche and the level of bottom, the surplus ore deposit of limit nation are dished out, form the required initial stage covering layer of below mining;
E) on the leveling course of its bottom preset distance, implement to adopt the cut journey below tectal at the said initial stage, form said lane and rock drilling lane;
F) said in step e) adopted the ore body without explosion above this rock drilling lane of explosion in the formed rock drilling of the cut journey lane, makes the ore that during the ore body of this step borehole blasting and its initial stage covering layer and explosion, shakes the bottom, the said surplus ore deposit of limit nation that falls be connected as a single entity;
G) formed ore in the step f) is carried out ore removal, when remainder is exploited till the needed initial stage covering layer below this layer;
H) repeat above-mentioned e) to g) in step, up to reaching projected depth.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010105683463A CN102486090A (en) | 2010-12-01 | 2010-12-01 | Method for recovering upper boundary residual mine and forming lower mining cover layer of stope |
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| CN2010105683463A CN102486090A (en) | 2010-12-01 | 2010-12-01 | Method for recovering upper boundary residual mine and forming lower mining cover layer of stope |
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| CN102486090A true CN102486090A (en) | 2012-06-06 |
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| CN2010105683463A Pending CN102486090A (en) | 2010-12-01 | 2010-12-01 | Method for recovering upper boundary residual mine and forming lower mining cover layer of stope |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102817373A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-12 | 中铁九桥工程有限公司 | Construction process for blasting artificial cover layer of steel tube pile foundation of high trestle |
| CN104314570A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-01-28 | 河北联合大学 | Mining method for recycling long-thick ore body hanging wall ore and transforming strip mine to underground mine |
| CN104389604A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-03-04 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Method for forming covering layer by stope caving method |
| CN105370284A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-03-02 | 华北理工大学 | Method for forming cover layer transitioned from open pit to underground mining by utilization of tipping backfill of rock step |
Citations (2)
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| SU516820A1 (en) * | 1974-08-09 | 1976-06-05 | Научно-Исследовательский Горнорудный Институт | The way the open development of mineral deposits |
| DE2529142A1 (en) * | 1975-06-30 | 1977-01-27 | Paul Dipl Ing Paraschiv | Open pit mining method for minerals - has overburden strip spoil passed out through galleries to winding road for surface dumping |
-
2010
- 2010-12-01 CN CN2010105683463A patent/CN102486090A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU516820A1 (en) * | 1974-08-09 | 1976-06-05 | Научно-Исследовательский Горнорудный Институт | The way the open development of mineral deposits |
| DE2529142A1 (en) * | 1975-06-30 | 1977-01-27 | Paul Dipl Ing Paraschiv | Open pit mining method for minerals - has overburden strip spoil passed out through galleries to winding road for surface dumping |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 孟桂芳: "露天转地下开采方案的选择和确定", 《矿业工程》, vol. 7, no. 1, 28 February 2009 (2009-02-28), pages 18 - 19 * |
| 毛凤海等: "铁蛋山矿床露天转地下开采的实践", 《金属矿山》, no. 6, 30 June 2010 (2010-06-30) * |
| 王玉斌: "铁蛋山矿区露天转地下开采初期采矿方法的探讨", 《矿业快报》, no. 7, 31 July 2007 (2007-07-31), pages 33 - 35 * |
| 马旭峰等: "眼前山铁矿露天转井下采矿方法研究", 《金属矿山》, no. 5, 31 May 2008 (2008-05-31), pages 37 - 39 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102817373A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-12 | 中铁九桥工程有限公司 | Construction process for blasting artificial cover layer of steel tube pile foundation of high trestle |
| CN104389604A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-03-04 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Method for forming covering layer by stope caving method |
| CN104314570A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-01-28 | 河北联合大学 | Mining method for recycling long-thick ore body hanging wall ore and transforming strip mine to underground mine |
| CN105370284A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-03-02 | 华北理工大学 | Method for forming cover layer transitioned from open pit to underground mining by utilization of tipping backfill of rock step |
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Application publication date: 20120606 |