CN102476241B - After-heating laser welding method for jointed gear ring and gear - Google Patents
After-heating laser welding method for jointed gear ring and gear Download PDFInfo
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- CN102476241B CN102476241B CN201010555792.0A CN201010555792A CN102476241B CN 102476241 B CN102476241 B CN 102476241B CN 201010555792 A CN201010555792 A CN 201010555792A CN 102476241 B CN102476241 B CN 102476241B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an after-heating laser welding method for a jointed gear ring and a gear and belongs to the technical field of a vehicle transmission. The after-heating laser welding method comprises the following steps: respectively preprocessing a jointed bevel gear and the gear; performing after-heating processing pressing and electromagnetic preheating treatment for a welding area; and lastly, placing the gear on a turntable, rotating the turntable for 180 degrees, jacking the gear out of a platform by a vertical shaft under the turntable, clamping the gear from an inner hole, pressing downward under the action of a reverse thrust bearing, and performing spot welding, pre-welding and deep fusion welding in turn according to an initial position for welding. According to the after-heating laser welding method, the problem that a gear assembly is subjected to welding deformation and crack generation during an after-heating laser welding processing process of the jointed bevel gear and the gear is solved, and a set of after-heating laser welding technical parameters suitable for bath production is formed.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of method of automotive transmission technical field, specifically method for laser welding after a kind of combination ring gear and gear heat.
Background technology
DCT speed changer is as advanced in the world speed changer, there is the feature energy-conservation, shift property is superior, and in order to reach the target of saving space, compact conformation, reduction weight and gear shift comfortableness, the structure of most of gear assembly can only adopt the mode of laser weld or the welding of electronics speed to realize.With respect to the welding of electronics speed, laser weld has the advantages that need under vacuum, not carry out, to producing the advantage with handled easily in enormous quantities.
Through the retrieval of prior art is found, laser weld is to utilize high-intensity laser beam and metal interaction, makes metal molten realize the technique of good combination between different pending workpiece, and the size design of part is not limited to requirement.
But the prior art is not welded after relating to gear and the heat in conjunction with tooth, in reality processing, occurred part cleaning, be press-fitted with laser weld after, in the bottom of weld seam, occur micro-crack defect, and postwelding has moderate finite deformation in conjunction with the tooth conical surface and gear aperture.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to prior art above shortcomings, method for laser welding after a kind of combination ring gear and gear heat is provided, mainly solve welding deformation that gear assembly exists in conjunction with laser weld process after tooth cone and gear heat and the crack problem of generation, and formed laser welding process after the heat of a set of applicable batch production.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention includes following steps:
The first step, in connection with tooth cone and gear, carry out respectively pretreatment, its concrete steps are:
1.1) to carry out successively respectively finish turning processing, gear and teeth processing in conjunction with tooth cone and gear;
1.2) adopt carburizing, quenching and tempering mode to heat-treating with gear in conjunction with tooth cone.
Described quenching refers to adopt presses the mode of quenching to quench, with the circularity that guarantees to be press-fitted the flatness of large face and be press-fitted aperture;
After second step, heat, processing is press-fitted and welding region electromagnetism the pre-heat treatment, and its concrete steps are:
2.1) in connection with tooth cone, adopt respectively Ultrasonic Cleaning, rinsing, drying course thoroughly to remove grease, the greasy dirt on weld parts face with gear, guarantee that welded seam pore-free produces.
2.2) adopt respectively hard car to remove the comentation hardening layer with the solder side place of gear in conjunction with tooth cone, making surface to be welded is machined surface;
2.3) by determine the press that is press-fitted fixture and servomotor of core with center to effectively control in conjunction with tooth cone and gear and be press-fitted power and be press-fitted stroke, guarantee two parts parallel being press-fitted all the time.
2.4) adopt electromagnetic induction heating system to carry out electromagnetism preheating;
The direction of described electromagnetism preheating is along outwards inner with the central shaft of gear in conjunction with tooth cone, can be not overheated and change its internal organizational structure and reduce the yield strength of material and the thermal stress in welding process through the gear of sclerosis to protect;
The 3rd step, gear is placed on a rotating disk, turntable rotation 180 degree, the vertical axis under rotating disk ejects table top by gear, and gear clamps from endoporus, effect by deboost bearing completes and presses down, and then according to weld start position, carries out successively spot welding, prewelding and deep penetration welding.
Described carries out spot welding, prewelding and deep penetration welding successively according to weld start position, and its concrete steps and parameter are:
3.1) adopt manipulator that the workpiece transfer of preheating is arrived to welding position;
3.2) with the speed of 10000mm/min equably in 3 or 6 spot welding of the circumferential distribution of weld diameter, the depth of weld is 1/3～1/4 of the formal penetration fustion welding degree of depth;
3.3) adopt prewelding form, adjust sealing wire speed to 6000mm/min, and bonding power is arranged at be less than the 2000w of formal weldering power, form the weld penetration of the formal penetration fustion welding degree of depth 1/4～1/5;
3.4) penetration fustion welding, adjusts sealing wire speed to 2400mm/min and increases bonding power to 2100w.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) can reduce weld parts stress;
2) can in the situation that meeting product technology requirement and bearing capacity, obtain as far as possible shallow weld penetration, thereby reduce welding stress.
After the invention enables heat, the weld seam bottom crack of soldering part is eliminated completely, the distortion of part simultaneously be improved significantly, reached technique and product requirement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is gear assembly figure;
In figure: 1 gear, 2 is bored in conjunction with tooth.
Fig. 2 is embodiment the 3rd step schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is in conjunction with laser welding process figure after tooth cone and gear heat.
Fig. 4 is in conjunction with laser weld weld seam figure comparison after tooth cone and gear heat;
Wherein: Fig. 4 a is cold welding weld seam figure (having crackle), Fig. 4 b is welded seam figure (flawless) after preheating.
The specific embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated, the present embodiment is implemented take technical solution of the present invention under prerequisite, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
The present embodiment comprises the following steps:
The first step, combination tooth cone as shown in Figure 1 and gear are carried out respectively to pretreatment, its concrete steps are:
1.1) processing: carry out respectively the front machined of heat in connection with tooth cone and gear, comprise finish turning processing, gear and teeth processing etc.
1.2) heat treatment: the heat treatment mode that adopts carburizing, quenching and tempering;
Described quenching refers to adopt presses the mode of quenching to quench, with the circularity that guarantees to be press-fitted the flatness of large face and be press-fitted aperture;
After second step, heat, processing is press-fitted and welding region electromagnetism the pre-heat treatment, and its concrete steps are:
2.1) cleaning, drying: adopt respectively Ultrasonic Cleaning, rinsing, drying course thoroughly to remove grease, the greasy dirt on weld parts face in connection with tooth cone with gear, guarantee that welded seam pore-free produces.
2.2) processing after heat: adopt respectively hard car to remove the comentation hardening layer with the solder side place of gear in conjunction with tooth cone, making surface to be welded is machined surface;
2.3) be press-fitted: by determine the press that is press-fitted fixture and servomotor of core with center, to effectively control in conjunction with tooth cone and gear and be press-fitted power and be press-fitted stroke, guarantee two parts parallel being press-fitted all the time.
2.4) electromagnetism preheating: adopt electromagnetic induction heating system to carry out electromagnetism preheating;
Described preheating direction is along outwards inner with the central shaft of gear in conjunction with tooth cone, can be not overheated and change its internal organizational structure and reduce the yield strength of material and the thermal stress in welding process through the gear of sclerosis to protect;
The 3rd step, as shown in a to d in Fig. 2, gear is placed on a rotating disk, turntable rotation 180 degree, vertical axis under rotating disk ejects table top by gear, gear clamps from endoporus, effect by deboost bearing completes and presses down, and then according to weld start position, carries out successively spot welding, prewelding and deep penetration welding, and its concrete steps are:
3.1) welding: adopt manipulator that the workpiece transfer of preheating is arrived to welding position; Workpiece is from preheated zone to welding region, and process adopts a treatment system with cylinder to complete.If welding station adopts manual mode, manipulator will be in halted state.
3 one) at a high speed (10000mm/min) equably in 3 or 6 spot welding of the circumferential distribution of weld diameter, the depth of weld is 1/3～1/4 of the formal penetration fustion welding degree of depth;
3.3) adopt prewelding form, adjust sealing wire speed (6000mm/min), and make bonding power (2000w) be less than formal weldering power, form the weld penetration of the formal penetration fustion welding degree of depth 1/4～1/5;
3.4) penetration fustion welding, sealing wire speed (2400mm/min) further reduces, and bonding power (2100w) increases.
For solving weld seam bottom crack problem: take to weld the mode of before part after being press-fitted being carried out to preheating, consider the characteristics such as hardness of part, in conjunction with tempering problem after carburizing heat treatment, must control pre-heating technique temperature and preheating time;
Impact for weld penetration on the rear distortion of gear assembly welding, take fourth gear driven tooth as representative, meaning as shown in the table, can find the relation between the depth of weld and welding deformation: weld penetration 2.7～3.5mm, distortion (diametric(al) should be 0.02～0.03); 4.0～4.5mm is out of shape (diametric(al) 0.03～0.05mm).
As shown in Figure 3, according to the processing technology of gear assembly, finally determine and take 2.7～3.1mm as control range, determine reasonable welding condition.
As shown in Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b, adopt the technology mode of the rear part preheating+high speed spot welding+high speed prewelding+deep penetration welding of heat, the defect that has solved hot rear soldering part crackle and physical dimension distortion, makes weldquality, workpiece dimension, form and position tolerance after testing, meets technological requirement completely.
Claims (5)
1. in conjunction with a method for laser welding after ring gear and gear heat, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
The first step, in connection with tooth cone and gear, carry out respectively pretreatment;
After second step, heat, process, be press-fitted and welding region electromagnetism the pre-heat treatment;
The 3rd step, gear is placed on a rotating disk, turntable rotation 180 degree, the vertical axis under rotating disk ejects table top by gear, and gear clamps from endoporus, effect by deboost bearing completes and presses down, and then according to weld start position, carries out successively spot welding, prewelding and deep penetration welding;
Described carries out spot welding, prewelding and deep penetration welding successively according to weld start position, and its concrete steps and parameter are:
3.1) adopt manipulator that the workpiece transfer of preheating is arrived to welding position;
3.2) with the speed of 10000mm/min equably in 3 or 6 spot welding of the circumferential distribution of weld diameter, the depth of weld is 1/3 of the formal penetration fustion welding degree of depth
~1/4;
3.3) adopt prewelding form, adjust sealing wire speed to 6000mm/min, and make bonding power be set to be less than the 2000w of formal weldering power, form the formal penetration fustion welding degree of depth 1/4
~1/5 weld penetration;
3.4) penetration fustion welding, adjusts sealing wire speed to 2400mm/min and increases bonding power to 2100w.
2. method for laser welding after combination ring gear according to claim 1 and gear heat, is characterized in that, described first step concrete steps are:
1.1) to carry out successively respectively finish turning processing, gear and teeth processing in conjunction with tooth cone and gear;
1.2) adopt carburizing, quenching and tempering mode to heat-treating with gear in conjunction with tooth cone.
3. method for laser welding after combination ring gear according to claim 2 and gear heat, is characterized in that, described quenching refers to adopt presses the mode of quenching to quench.
4. method for laser welding after combination ring gear according to claim 1 and gear heat, is characterized in that, described second step concrete steps are:
2.1) in connection with tooth cone, adopt respectively Ultrasonic Cleaning, rinsing, oven dry with gear;
2.2) adopt respectively hard car to remove the comentation hardening layer with the solder side place of gear in conjunction with tooth cone;
2.3) by determine the press that is press-fitted fixture and servomotor of core with center to effectively control in conjunction with tooth cone and gear and be press-fitted power and be press-fitted stroke, guarantee two parts parallel being press-fitted all the time;
2.4) adopt electromagnetic induction heating system to carry out electromagnetism preheating.
5. method for laser welding after combination ring gear according to claim 4 and gear heat, is characterized in that, the direction of described electromagnetism preheating is along outwards inner with the central shaft of gear in conjunction with tooth cone.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201010555792.0A CN102476241B (en) | 2010-11-24 | 2010-11-24 | After-heating laser welding method for jointed gear ring and gear |
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| CN201010555792.0A CN102476241B (en) | 2010-11-24 | 2010-11-24 | After-heating laser welding method for jointed gear ring and gear |
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| CN102476241B true CN102476241B (en) | 2014-03-26 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104384731B (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2016-02-24 | 重庆镭宝激光智能机器人制造有限公司 | A kind of pressing welder of large-power optical fiber laser weld transmission gear and technique |
| CN104722940B (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2017-07-21 | 上海汽车变速器有限公司 | The optimization welding method and structure of gear and conjunction gear |
| DE102018124832A1 (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2020-04-09 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Welded, at least partially hardened angle ring, bearing module with angle ring and method for manufacturing the angle ring |
| CN110939710A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-03-31 | 四川众友机械有限责任公司 | Shaft hole sealing structure of differential half shaft gear and machining process |
| CN113714642B (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-05-30 | 智新科技股份有限公司 | Gear welding method and welded gear assembly |
| CN113953668B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-05-26 | 神龙汽车有限公司 | Laser welding method and device for large-penetration gear |
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| CN1597231A (en) * | 2004-08-13 | 2005-03-23 | 中国第一汽车集团公司 | Laser welding method for carburized gear wheel of automobile gearbox |
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| CN1785576A (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2006-06-14 | 上海汽车股份有限公司 | Laser welding processing method of gear |
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| JPS5855188A (en) * | 1981-09-28 | 1983-04-01 | Hitachi Ltd | Automatic laser seam welding device |
| DE102004001166B4 (en) * | 2003-02-28 | 2007-03-15 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Method for laser welding with preheating and / or reheating in the region of the weld |
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| CN1633346A (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2005-06-29 | 皇家菲利浦电子有限公司 | Method of laser welding |
| CN1597231A (en) * | 2004-08-13 | 2005-03-23 | 中国第一汽车集团公司 | Laser welding method for carburized gear wheel of automobile gearbox |
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