CN102455549B - Liquid crystal indicator - Google Patents
Liquid crystal indicator Download PDFInfo
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- CN102455549B CN102455549B CN201110320458.1A CN201110320458A CN102455549B CN 102455549 B CN102455549 B CN 102455549B CN 201110320458 A CN201110320458 A CN 201110320458A CN 102455549 B CN102455549 B CN 102455549B
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 37
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 28
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- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/13378—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
- G02F1/134336—Matrix
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/13373—Disclination line; Reverse tilt
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
- G02F1/1393—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the birefringence of the liquid crystal being electrically controlled, e.g. ECB-, DAP-, HAN-, PI-LC cells
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides liquid crystal indicator.The light leak of the adjacent edges of each pixel when observing from anti-visual recognition direction can being made even, can display quality be improved.Liquid crystal indicator of the present invention has: the 1st electrode (11), and it is arranged in the one side of the 1st substrate, extends towards the 1st direction; 2nd electrode (12), it is arranged in the one side of the 2nd substrate, extends towards the 2nd direction substantially vertical with the 1st direction; And the liquid crystal layer of substantially vertical orientation, it is arranged on the one side of the one side of the 1st substrate and the 2nd substrate each other, in the region of the 1st electrode and the 2nd electrode crossing, form pixel.Towards with almost parallel direction, the 1st direction at least one party's implementation orientation process (13,14) in the 1st substrate and the 2nd substrate.1st electrode is the shape of the linearity that the electrode edge of both sides extends towards the 1st direction, and the 2nd electrode is the polyline shaped shape of the line segment comprising at least one-sided electrode edge and the 1st direction oblique.Above-mentioned pixel comprises the line segment of above-mentioned oblique to delimit pixel edge.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the liquid crystal indicator of the vertical orientating type driven by multiplex (MUX).
Background technology
Liquid crystal indicator is widely used as the information display section in such as people's livelihood use and vehicle-mounted various electronic equipments.General liquid crystal indicator carries out configuring the liquid crystal layer be made up of liquid crystal material between 2 pieces of substrates arranged opposite in the gap arranging about several μm and forms.The liquid crystal indicator (such as Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2005-234254 publication) of vertical orientating type is known to as one of this liquid crystal indicator.The liquid crystal indicator of vertical orientating type has using lower component as primary structure: namely, the liquid crystal cells of vertical alignment mode, and it makes the liquid crystal molecule of the inside of the liquid crystal layer be configured between 2 pieces of substrates relative to the substantially vertical orientation in the surface of each substrate; And Polarizer, it is separately positioned on the outside of this liquid crystal cells.Each Polarizer adopts crossed Nicol (cross Nicol) to configure mostly.Like this, the transmissivity when no-voltage of liquid crystal indicator applies is very low, thus can realize high-contrast fairly simplely.
When being driven the image display realizing liquid crystal indicator by multiplex (MUX), such as, make one-tenth arranged opposite between the substrate of the electrode separately with oblong-shaped (strip) make the bearing of trend of respective electrode substantially vertical, the region of the electrode of a substrate and the electrode crossing of another substrate is set as pixel respectively.Now, the shape of each pixel is substantially rectangular.Further, the orientation process such as friction treatment are implemented to the surface of each substrate.Direction for the orientation process on the surface of each substrate is set to such as contrary direction (antiparallel orientations).Thus, the direction of orientation of liquid crystal molecule when being applied by the no-voltage of the substantial middle in the thickness direction of the liquid crystal layer be arranged between substrate determines as one direction.Such as, when the direction of the orientation process to each substrate to be viewed as 6 from the front of liquid crystal indicator direction, 12 time direction, the direction when direction of orientation of the liquid crystal molecule of the substantial middle of liquid crystal layer is determined to be 6.Now, relative to the direction of orientation of the liquid crystal layer of the substantial middle of liquid crystal layer, the bearing of trend of the electrode of a substrate is for being roughly parallel to this direction of orientation, and the bearing of trend of the electrode of another substrate is approximately perpendicular to this direction of orientation.
In the liquid crystal indicator of above-mentioned vertical alignment mode, consider a pair Polarizer being configured with in the outside of each substrate and adopting roughly crossed Nicol configuration.Assuming that a Polarizer is configured to it and absorbs axle becomes roughly 45 ° angle relative to the direction of orientation applied a substrate.When use there is negative dielectric constant anisotropy liquid crystal material to form liquid crystal layer and be applied with the voltage of more than threshold voltage between the electrode of each substrate time, the most of liquid crystal molecule in liquid crystal layer tilts towards horizontal alignment direction according to the direction of orientation process.When observe this liquid crystal indicator time, be in such state: from 6 time direction can observe bright display state well, otherwise from 12 time direction do not observe bright display.Now 6 time direction be called as best visual recognition direction (the best is depending on recognizing orientation), when 12, direction is called as anti-visual recognition direction (counter depending on recognizing orientation).
In the liquid crystal indicator of above-mentioned vertical alignment mode, observing from anti-visual recognition direction under the state when front is observed being bright display state, observe under roughly dark state in pixel, and produce light leak near 1 limit in the pixel edge on 4 limits of the pixel of rectangle.The generation state of this light leak does not have systematicness and different with each pixel, and apparent display quality is significantly declined.
Further, in the liquid crystal indicator of above-mentioned vertical alignment mode, there is such situation: when when multiplex (MUX) drives be front observe time bright display state time, in each pixel, produce dark areas, display quality decline.To show significantly by reducing this phenomenon of frame rate, thus in order to eliminate this phenomenon, being necessary driving frequency to set get Geng Gao.But when making driving frequency rise, interelectrode impedance increases, and thus current sinking increases, the load of drive unit increases, and the potential difference (PD) on electrode also becomes remarkable, and display quality declines.Specifically, easily so-called crosstalk (crosstalk) is produced.
[patent documentation 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2005-234254 publication
Summary of the invention
The concrete form that the present invention relates to, an one object is being undertaken in the liquid crystal indicator of the vertical orientating type of action by multiplex's driving, making the light leak of the adjacent edges of each pixel when observing from anti-visual recognition direction even, improving display quality.
The concrete form that the present invention relates to, its another object is being undertaken in the liquid crystal indicator of the vertical orientating type of action by multiplex's driving, make the light leak of the adjacent edges of each pixel when observing from anti-visual recognition direction even, improve display quality, and realize show uniformity when front is observed with alap frame rate.
The liquid crystal indicator of the form that the present invention relates to, this liquid crystal indicator comprises: the 1st substrate arranged opposite and the 2nd substrate, 1st electrode, it is arranged in the one side of described 1st substrate, extends towards the 1st direction, 2nd electrode, it is arranged in the one side of described 2nd substrate, extends towards the 2nd direction substantially vertical with the 1st direction, and the liquid crystal layer of substantially vertical orientation, it is arranged on the one side of the one side of described 1st substrate and described 2nd substrate each other, pixel is formed in the region of described 1st electrode and described 2nd electrode crossing, towards with almost parallel direction, described 1st direction at least one party's implementation orientation process in described 1st substrate and described 2nd substrate, described 1st electrode is the shape of the linearity that the electrode edge of both sides extends towards described 1st direction, described 2nd electrode is the polyline shaped shape of the line segment including at least one-sided electrode edge and described 1st direction oblique, in described pixel, comprise the line segment of described oblique to delimit pixel edge, the line segment of described oblique with described 2nd direction for benchmark, formed and be greater than 0 ° and be less than or equal to the angle of 15 ° and oblique.
The liquid crystal indicator of another form that the present invention relates to, this liquid crystal indicator comprises: the 1st substrate arranged opposite and the 2nd substrate, 1st electrode, it is arranged in the one side of described 1st substrate, extends towards the 1st direction, 2nd electrode, it is arranged in the one side of described 2nd substrate, extends towards the 2nd direction substantially vertical with the 1st direction, and the liquid crystal layer of substantially vertical orientation, it is arranged on the one side of the one side of described 1st substrate and described 2nd substrate each other, pixel is formed in the region of described 1st electrode and described 2nd electrode crossing, towards with almost parallel direction, described 1st direction at least one party's implementation orientation process in described 1st substrate and described 2nd substrate, described 1st electrode is the shape of the linearity that the electrode edge of both sides extends towards described 1st direction, described 2nd electrode is the polyline shaped shape of the line segment including at least one-sided electrode edge and described 1st direction oblique, in described pixel, comprise the line segment of described oblique to delimit pixel edge, the line segment of described oblique is connected with the 2nd straight line by the 1st straight line extended towards mutually different directions and forms, there is such relation in described 1st straight line and described 2nd straight line: if they are respectively Xa towards length during described 1st direction projection, Xb, then Xa is more than 3 times of Xb, described 1st straight line is greater than 0 ° with described 2nd direction for benchmark is formed and is less than or equal to the angle of 15 ° and oblique.
The liquid crystal indicator of another form that the present invention relates to, this liquid crystal indicator comprises: the 1st substrate arranged opposite and the 2nd substrate, 1st electrode, it is arranged in the one side of described 1st substrate, extends towards the 1st direction, 2nd electrode, it is arranged in the one side of described 2nd substrate, extends towards the 2nd direction substantially vertical with the 1st direction, and the liquid crystal layer of substantially vertical orientation, it is arranged on the one side of the one side of described 1st substrate and described 2nd substrate each other, pixel is formed in the region of described 1st electrode and described 2nd electrode crossing, towards with almost parallel direction, described 1st direction at least one party's implementation orientation process in described 1st substrate and described 2nd substrate, described 1st electrode is the shape of the linearity that the electrode edge of both sides extends towards described 1st direction, described 2nd electrode is the polyline shaped shape of the line segment including at least one-sided electrode edge and described 1st direction oblique, in described pixel, comprise the line segment of described oblique to delimit pixel edge, the line segment of described oblique is by length is roughly equal each other, and the 1st straight line extended towards mutually different directions to be connected with the 2nd straight line and to form, described 1st straight line and described 2nd straight line are greater than 0 ° with described 2nd direction for benchmark is formed respectively and are less than or equal to the angle of 15 ° and oblique.
In addition, in this manual, " oblique " refers to and to intersect with the angular slope beyond vertical.
According to these structures, due to comprise carry out oblique with the direction of orientation process line segment to delimit pixel edge, the light leak of the adjacent edges of each pixel when observing from anti-visual recognition direction thus can being made even, improving display quality.
Preferably, the line segment of described oblique is configured in the anti-visual recognition direction side in described pixel edge.
The liquid crystal indicator of another form that the present invention relates to, this liquid crystal indicator comprises: the 1st substrate that (a) is arranged opposite and the 2nd substrate, (b) the 1st electrode, it is arranged in the one side of described 1st substrate, extends towards the 1st direction, (c) the 2nd electrode, it is arranged in the one side of described 2nd substrate, extends towards the 2nd direction substantially vertical with the 1st direction, the liquid crystal layer of (d) and substantially vertical orientation, it is arranged on the mutual of the one side of described 1st substrate and the one side of described 2nd substrate, e () forms pixel in the region of described 1st electrode and described 2nd electrode crossing, (f) towards one direction at least one party's implementation orientation process in described 1st substrate and described 2nd substrate, each pixel edge of (g) described 1st electrode have comprise separately with the 2nd direction oblique, and towards mutually different directions, the polyline shaped shape of 2 the 1st line segments of interconnective roughly the same length, each pixel edge of (h) described 2nd electrode have comprise separately with the 1st direction oblique, and towards mutually different directions, the polyline shaped shape of 2 the 2nd line segments of interconnective roughly the same length, i () described pixel delimit pixel edge by described 2 the 1st line segments and described 2 the 2nd line segments.
According to this structure, due to comprise carry out oblique with the direction of orientation process line segment to delimit pixel edge, the light leak of the adjacent edges of each pixel when observing from anti-visual recognition direction thus can being made even, improving display quality.Further, by making pixel edge all become state with the 1st direction and the 2nd equal oblique in direction, the effect of the frame rate reducing the show uniformity obtained when front is observed can be obtained.
Preferably, described 2 the 1st line segments respectively with described 1st direction for benchmark, formed and be greater than 0 ° and the angle being less than or equal to 15 ° carries out oblique.
Preferably, described in each of the side of the 1st electrode and opposite side, pixel edge is identical shape.Thus, area efficiency during multiple 1st electrode of arrangement can be improved.
Preferably, described 2 the 2nd line segments respectively with described 2nd direction for benchmark, formed and be greater than 0 ° and the angle being less than or equal to 15 ° carries out oblique.
Preferably, described in each of the side of the 2nd electrode and opposite side, pixel edge is identical shape.Thus, area efficiency during multiple 1st electrode of arrangement can be improved.
The liquid crystal indicator of another form that the present invention relates to, this liquid crystal indicator comprises: the 1st substrate that (a) is arranged opposite and the 2nd substrate, (b) the 1st electrode, it is arranged in the one side of described 1st substrate, extends towards the 1st direction, (c) the 2nd electrode, it is arranged in the one side of described 2nd substrate, extends towards the 2nd direction substantially vertical with the 1st direction, the liquid crystal layer of (d) and substantially vertical orientation, it is arranged on the one side of the one side of described 1st substrate and described 2nd substrate each other, e () forms pixel in the region of described 1st electrode and described 2nd electrode crossing, (f) towards with almost parallel direction, described 1st direction at least one party's implementation orientation process in described 1st substrate and described 2nd substrate, g () described 1st electrode is the linearity shape that the electrode edge of both sides extends towards described 1st direction, and there is the rectangular-shaped peristome longer along described 1st direction of more than 1, h () described 2nd electrode is the polyline shaped shape comprising the electrode edge of both sides and the line segment of described 1st direction oblique, i () described pixel delimit pixel edge by the line segment of the described oblique of the electrode edge of described 1st electrode and the pixel edge of described 2nd electrode, j () described peristome is configured to overlapping with described pixel.
According to this structure, due to comprise carry out oblique with the direction of orientation process line segment to delimit pixel edge, the light leak of the adjacent edges of each pixel when observing from anti-visual recognition direction thus can being made even, improving display quality.Further, obtain such effect: by arranging the rectangular portion overlapping with pixel, the frame rate of show uniformity when acquisition front is observed declines.
In above-mentioned liquid crystal indicator, preferably, the line segment carrying out oblique described in is greater than 0 ° with described 1st direction for benchmark is formed and the angle being less than or equal to 15 ° carries out oblique.
In above-mentioned liquid crystal indicator, preferably, described peristome is configured to make length direction parallel with described 1st direction.
In above-mentioned liquid crystal indicator, further preferably, described peristome is configured to length direction is tilted relative to described 1st direction.In this case, further preferably, described peristome is configured to make described length direction substantially vertical with the described line segment carrying out oblique.
The liquid crystal indicator of another form that the present invention relates to, this liquid crystal indicator comprises: the 1st substrate that (a) is arranged opposite and the 2nd substrate, (b) the 1st electrode, it is arranged in the one side of described 1st substrate, extends towards the 1st direction, (c) the 2nd electrode, it is arranged in the one side of described 2nd substrate, extends towards the 2nd direction substantially vertical with the 1st direction, the liquid crystal layer of (d) and substantially vertical orientation, it is arranged on the mutual of the one side of described 1st substrate and the one side of described 2nd substrate, e () forms pixel in the region of described 1st electrode and described 2nd electrode crossing, (f) towards with almost parallel direction, described 1st direction at least one party's implementation orientation process in described 1st substrate and described 2nd substrate, g () described 1st electrode is the shape of the linearity that the electrode edge of both sides extends towards described 1st direction, h () described 2nd electrode is the shape of the polyline shaped comprising the electrode edge of both sides and the line segment of described 1st direction oblique, i the electrode width of () described 1st electrode is less than the electrode width of described 2nd electrode, j () described pixel delimit pixel edge by the line segment carrying out oblique described in the electrode edge of described 1st electrode and the pixel edge of described 2nd electrode, k () described pixel edge is formed as along the longer shape in described 1st direction.
According to this structure, carry out the line segment of oblique at interior delimitation pixel edge owing to comprising relative to the direction of orientation process, the light leak of the adjacent edges of each pixel when observing from anti-visual recognition direction thus can being made even, improving display quality.Further, obtain such effect: by making the electrode width of the 1st electrode relatively little, and make pixel edge be formed as along the long shape in the 1st direction, the frame rate of show uniformity when acquisition front is observed declines.
In above-mentioned liquid crystal indicator, preferably, such as, the structure of roughly the same, the described electrode width constant of shape that described 2nd electrode has the described electrode edge of both sides, described pixel edge is along the long almost parallel quadrilateral shape in described 1st direction.
In above-mentioned liquid crystal indicator, further preferably, such as, described 2nd electrode has the position structure alternately repeated with the position be separated making the bending point of the described electrode edge of side relatively close with the bending point of the described electrode edge of opposite side, and described pixel edge is along the long trapezoidal shape in described 1st direction.
In above-mentioned liquid crystal indicator, preferably, the electrode width of described 1st electrode is below roughly 1/2 of electrode width of described 2nd electrode.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic sectional view of the structure of the liquid crystal indicator that an embodiment is shown.
Fig. 2 is the schematic plan view of the electrode structure that type A is shown.
Fig. 3 is the schematic plan view of the electrode structure that type B is shown.
Fig. 4 is the schematic plan view of the electrode structure that Type C is shown.
Fig. 5 is the schematic plan view of the electrode structure that type D is shown.
Fig. 6 is the schematic plan view of the electrode structure that type E is shown.
Fig. 7 is the schematic plan view of the electrode structure that type F is shown.
Fig. 8 is the schematic plan view of the electrode structure that type G is shown.
The figure of orientation structure observation picture when Fig. 9 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator that the electrode structure with type A is shown.
The figure of orientation structure observation picture when Figure 10 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator that the electrode structure with type B is shown.
The figure of orientation structure observation picture when Figure 11 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator that the electrode structure with Type C is shown.
The figure of orientation structure observation picture when Figure 12 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator that the electrode structure with type D is shown.
The figure of orientation structure observation picture when Figure 13 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator (when θ=10 °) that the electrode structure with type E is shown.
The figure of orientation structure observation picture when Figure 14 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator (when θ=10 °) that the electrode structure with type G is shown.
Figure 15 is the schematic plan view of the electrode structure that type H is shown.
The figure of orientation structure observation picture when Figure 16 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator that the electrode structure with type G is shown.
The figure of orientation structure observation picture when Figure 17 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator that the electrode structure with type F is shown.
Figure 18 is the figure of the orientation structure observation picture illustrated when having the electrode structure of type H as the 1st electrode and apply as the voltage that the 2nd electrode has a liquid crystal indicator of the electrode structure identical with the electrode structure of type G.
Figure 19 is the figure of the orientation structure observation picture illustrated when having the electrode structure of type H as the 1st electrode and apply as the voltage that the 2nd electrode has a liquid crystal indicator of the electrode structure identical with the electrode structure of type F.
Figure 20 is the figure of an example of the electrode structure that the 1st electrode with peristome is shown.
Figure 21 is the figure of an example of the electrode structure that the 1st electrode with peristome is shown.
Figure 22 is the figure of the example that electrode structure is shown.
Figure 23 is the figure of another example that electrode structure is shown.
Figure 24 is the figure of another example that electrode structure is shown.
Figure 25 (a) is the figure of the orientation structure observation picture of the voltage illustrating when θ to be set as 10 ° in the electrode structure of type D when applying.
Figure 25 (b) is the figure of the orientation structure observation picture of the voltage illustrating when θ to be set as 10 ° in the electrode structure of type E when applying.
Figure 25 (c) is the figure of the orientation structure observation picture of the voltage illustrating when θ to be set as 10 ° in the electrode structure of type G when applying.
Figure 26 is the figure of the orientation structure observation picture of the voltage illustrating when being carried out combining by the electrode structure shown in the electrode structure of type F and Figure 20 and θ is set as 10 ° when applying.
Figure 27 (a) is the figure of the orientation structure observation picture of the voltage illustrating when being carried out combining by the electrode structure shown in the electrode structure of type D and Figure 20 and θ is set as 10 ° when applying.
Figure 27 (b) is the figure of the orientation structure observation picture of the voltage illustrating when being carried out combining by the electrode structure shown in the electrode structure of type D and Figure 21 and θ is set as 10 ° when applying.
Figure 28 is the schematic plan view of the example that electrode structure is shown.
Figure 29 is the schematic plan view of another example that electrode structure is shown.
Figure 30 is the schematic plan view of another example that electrode structure is shown.
Figure 31 is the schematic plan view of another example that electrode structure is shown.
The figure of orientation structure observation picture when Figure 32 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator that the electrode structure with type i is shown.
The figure of orientation structure observation picture when Figure 33 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator that the electrode structure with type L is shown.
Figure 34 is the planimetric map of the direction of orientation (distribution of orientations) of the liquid crystal molecule of the substantial middle of the liquid crystal layer be illustrated schematically in when the voltage making to intersect between rectangular electrodes in 1 pixel of acquisition applies.
The figure of the polarized light microscope observing picture of pixel when Figure 35 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator that conventional example is shown.
The figure of orientation tissue when Figure 36 is the bright display that the liquid crystal indicator that the electrode width of a rectangular electrodes is narrowed is shown.
Embodiment
The present application person has done discussion to driving the main cause producing light leak when the liquid crystal indicator of vertical orientating type near the pixel edge of each pixel when multiplex (MUX).Figure 34 is the planimetric map of the direction of orientation (distribution of orientations) of the liquid crystal molecule of the substantial middle of the liquid crystal layer be illustrated schematically in when the voltage making to intersect between rectangular electrodes in 1 rectangular-shaped pixel of acquisition applies.In addition, assuming that the upper direction of Figure 34 correspond in liquid crystal indicator 12 time direction, direction when left and right directions corresponds respectively to 9,3 time direction, direction when lower direction corresponds to 6, lower direction is best visual recognition direction.Pixel shown in Figure 34 makes rectangular electrodes 111 and rectangular electrodes 112 intersect and be formed.Rectangular electrodes 111 is arranged on the 1st not shown substrate, and rectangular electrodes 112 is arranged on the 2nd not shown substrate.Direction when being 6 to the direction 114 of the orientation process that the 1st substrate is implemented, direction when being 12 to the direction 113 of the orientation process that the 2nd substrate is implemented.Due to 12 of anti-visual recognition direction time direction pixel edge near direction of orientation when no-voltage applies and the direction of orientation that specified by the generation of tilting electric field have the difference of 180 °, thus rotation of the direction of orientation 121 of generation liquid crystal molecule near this.On the other hand, because direction of orientation when tilting electric field applies from no-voltage near each pixel edge of left and right directions has 90 ° different, the rotation of direction of orientation 121 is thus produced.Be contemplated to, when adopting each absorption axle of Polarizer of crossed Nicol configuration direction of orientation be configured to when applying relative to no-voltage roughly to become 45 degree respectively, even if the region applying voltage being parallel to it also can not become bright display.Further, due to left and right, on 3 limits each pixel edge near produce the region that direction of orientation 121 is different when voltage applies, thus this liquid crystal indicator presents multidomain (multidomain) orientation when voltage applies.Therefore, near each pixel edge, best visual recognition direction is different, particularly from 12 of anti-visual recognition direction time direction observe time depending on thinking the region producing light leak.
The figure of the polarized light microscope observing picture of pixel when Figure 35 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator of the conventional example that actual fabrication is shown.1 pixel of liquid crystal indicator is 0.43mm angle, and the electrode gap of rectangular electrodes is 30 μm.The known dark areas observing cross-like when observation 1 pixel is inner.As mentioned above, owing to producing the rotation of the direction of orientation of liquid crystal molecule because of the impact of the tilting electric field near pixel edge when voltage applies, thus think that direction of orientation is close to the direction parallel with the absorption axle of Polarizer or vertical direction near this dark areas.Particularly find following situation: the anglec of rotation of the direction of orientation of the liquid crystal molecule of the substantial middle of liquid crystal layer large 12 time direction pixel edge near, dark areas significantly enters in pixel from pixel edge.Further, near this pixel edge, observe the point of crossing of dark areas.Think this point of crossing be no matter whether voltage apply liquid crystal molecule all remain substantially vertical orientation to wrong (disclination).When observing each pixel, there is this point of crossing is the situation of 1 and the situation of 3, and the generation situation of point of crossing is irregular.And the shape of the dark areas of cross-like is completely different with pixel.When the shape of this dark areas is uneven, the area ratio on each farmland in multidomain orientation produces difference, thinks that viewing angle characteristic produces difference.That is, think that this produces the main cause in the display unevenness of anti-visual recognition direction.
Therefore, done to inquire into more in detail to the observation picture of Figure 35, known, in each pixel the shape of dark areas be in irregular state by 12 time direction pixel edge near be in the great majority.In this region, the direction 113,114 substantially vertical of the electrode edge of rectangular electrodes 112 and each orientation process.On the other hand, same produce 9 of dark areas time direction, 3 time direction each pixel edge near, in each pixel, produce dark areas regularly.In this region, the direction 113,114 almost parallel of the electrode edge of rectangular electrodes 111 and each orientation process.Think accordingly, by reducing the pixel edge position vertical with the direction of orientation process further, the shape of the dark areas produced in each pixel can be made even, can display quality be improved.
On the other hand, 1/64 dutycycle is carried out to the liquid crystal indicator of the conventional example shown in Figure 35,1/9 multiplex (MUX) that is biased, frame inversion waveforms drives, the lower limit of the frame rate of the show uniformity when front of investigation when having carried out bright display is observed, result, frame rate is 105Hz.On the other hand, done discussion to the method making the lower limit of frame rate reduce further, result obtains such opinion: it is effective that the electrode width of a rectangular electrodes is narrowed relatively.Specifically, in the liquid crystal indicator of the conventional example shown in above-mentioned Figure 35, the electrode width of each rectangular electrodes is set as 0.4mm, result, the send as an envoy to electrode width of a rectangular electrodes (segmented electrode) of making reduces by half as the liquid crystal indicator of 0.185mm, under condition same as described above, carried out multiplex's driving.Now, the lower limit of the frame rate of the show uniformity when front obtained when having carried out bright display is observed is 85Hz.Known, display state when this liquid crystal indicator being carried out to visual inspection from anti-visual recognition direction improves show uniformity compared with the liquid crystal indicator shown in Figure 35, but still insufficient.The figure of orientation tissue when Figure 36 is the bright display that the liquid crystal indicator that the electrode width of a rectangular electrodes is narrowed is shown.Known, although pixel is oblong-shaped one by one, but in its 4 limit 12 time direction limit on the dark areas that produces in each pixel, there is no systematicness.And known, 3 time direction, 9 time direction the homogeneity of dark areas that produces of each limit also insufficient.Accordingly, consider whether be difficult to guarantee the show uniformity when observing from anti-visual recognition direction.
Therefore, done to inquire into more in detail to the observation picture of Figure 35 and Figure 36, known, in each pixel the shape of dark areas be in irregular status be due to 12 time direction pixel edge near be in the great majority.In this region, the direction 113,114 substantially vertical of the electrode edge of rectangular electrodes 112 and each orientation process.On the other hand, same produce 9 of dark areas time direction, 3 time direction each pixel edge near, in each pixel, produce dark areas regularly.In this region, the direction 113,114 almost parallel of the electrode edge of rectangular electrodes 111 and each orientation process.Think accordingly, by reducing the pixel edge position vertical with the direction of orientation process further, the shape of the dark areas produced in each pixel can be made even, can display quality be improved.
Embodiments of the present invention based on above-mentioned opinion are below described.
(the 1st embodiment)
Fig. 1 is the schematic sectional view of the structure of the liquid crystal indicator that the 1st embodiment is shown.The liquid crystal indicator of the present embodiment shown in Fig. 1 mainly has: the 1st substrate arranged opposite and the 2nd substrate, and is configured in the liquid crystal layer 3 between two substrates.Be configured with the 1st Polarizer 4 in the outside of the 1st substrate 1, be configured with the 2nd Polarizer 5 in the outside of the 2nd substrate 2.Between the 1st substrate 1 and the 1st Polarizer 4, be configured with the 1st viewing angle compensation plate 6, between the 2nd substrate 2 and the 2nd Polarizer 5, be configured with the 2nd viewing angle compensation plate 7.The surrounding of liquid crystal layer 3 is sealed by encapsulant.Below, the structure of liquid crystal indicator is illustrated in greater detail.
1st substrate 1 and the 2nd substrate 2 are the such as transparency carrier such as glass substrate, plastic base respectively.Sept (spheroidite) has been distributed each other at the 1st substrate 1 and the 2nd substrate 2.Utilize these septs that the gap of the 1st substrate 1 and the 2nd substrate 2 is remained on preset distance (being about about 4.3 μm in the present embodiment).
Liquid crystal layer 3 is arranged on the 2nd electrode 12 of the 1st electrode 11 of the 1st substrate 1 and the 2nd substrate 2 each other.In the present embodiment, dielectric constant anisotropy Δ ε is used to be that the liquid crystal material (nematic liquid crystal material) of negative (Δ ε < 0) forms liquid crystal layer 3.The illustrated thick line of liquid crystal layer 3 is schematically illustrated in the direction of orientation of liquid crystal molecule when no-voltage applies.As shown in the figure, in the liquid crystal indicator of present embodiment, the state of orientation of the liquid crystal molecule of liquid crystal layer 3 is restricted to single domain orientation.The tilt angle of the liquid crystal layer 3 in present embodiment is set to roughly 89.9 °.Further, the delay of liquid crystal layer 3 is roughly 1100nm.
Polarizer 4 and Polarizer 5 are configured to make respective absorption axle substantially vertical (crossed Nicol configuration) mutually.Further, Polarizer 4 and Polarizer 5 be configured to make respective absorption axle and be applied to the direction 14 of orientation process of the 1st substrate 1, the direction 13 that is applied to the orientation process of the 2nd substrate all forms the angle of roughly 45 °.Thus, the direction of orientation of the liquid crystal layer of the substantial middle of liquid crystal layer 3 that the absorption axle of each Polarizer 4,5 defines relative to the direction 13,14 by each orientation process forms the angle of roughly 45 °.
Alignment films 8 is arranged on the one side side of the 1st substrate 1 to cover the 1st electrode 11.Equally, alignment films 9 is arranged on the one side side of the 2nd substrate 2 to cover the 2nd electrode 12.Each alignment films 8,9 is implemented to the orientation process such as friction treatment.To alignment films 8 apply orientation process direction 14 as shown in the figure, roughly consistent with the bearing of trend (the 1st direction) of the 1st electrode 11.To alignment films 9 apply orientation process direction 13 as shown in the figure, roughly consistent with the bearing of trend (the 2nd direction) of the 2nd electrode 12.In the present embodiment, the alignment films (vertical alignment layer) state of orientation of the original state of liquid crystal layer 3 (when no-voltage applies) being restricted to vertical orientated state is used as alignment films 8 and alignment films 9.In more detail, as each alignment films 8,9, use and can give extremely close to the alignment films of the tilt angle of the angle of 90 ° the liquid crystal molecule of liquid crystal layer 3.
1st electrode 11 is arranged in the one side of the 1st substrate 1.Further, the 2nd electrode 12 is arranged in the one side of the 2nd substrate 2.In the present embodiment, separately towards specific direction extend multiple 1st electrode 11 and multiple 2nd electrode 12 make respective bearing of trend substantially vertical and arranged opposite.Each 1st electrode 11 and Ge 2 electrode 12 form by carrying out suitable figure to be formed to the nesa coating of such as indium tin oxide (ITO) etc.In the liquid crystal indicator of present embodiment, the position that the 1st electrode 11 and the 2nd electrode 12 overlap in plan view is respectively pixel.
In the present embodiment, by being formed as the electrode edge of each 2nd electrode 12 to comprise the shape with the polyline shaped of the line segment of the bearing of trend of the 1st electrode (the 1st direction) oblique, realize the pixel edge of the part of being delimited by the electrode edge of each 2nd electrode 12 in each pixel and direction 13, the 14 off plumb structure of each orientation process.Below, some concrete structures are illustrated.
Fig. 2 is the schematic plan view of the example that electrode structure is shown.As shown in Fig. 2 (a), the electrode edge towards each 2nd electrode 12 of the left and right directions extension in figure is formed as zigzag, and 1 spacing of sawtooth is roughly consistent with the electrode width of each 1st electrode 11.Fig. 2 (b) illustrates the enlarged drawing of the electrode part corresponding with 1 pixel.In Fig. 2 (b), each 1st electrode 11 extended towards the above-below direction in figure is illustrated by the broken lines () in the figure that Fig. 3 is later too.The region intersected due to each 1st electrode 11 and Ge 2 electrode 12 is respectively 1 pixel, thus the shape of 1 pixel is the almost parallel quadrilateral shape by 2 limits of the electrode edge of the 1st electrode 11 and the 2 limits delimitations by the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12, and the shape of whole pixel is equal.Below, sometimes the electrode structure shown in this Fig. 2 is called " electrode structure of type A ".In addition, when the respective electrode gap of the 1st electrode 11, the 2nd electrode 12 is large, the shape of 1 pixel is roughly hexagon shape.
When the angle electrode edge of jagged 2nd electrode 12 and horizontal direction (left and right directions in figure) formed is defined as θ, this angle θ is set to be greater than 0 ° and below 15 °.Like this, the direction off plumb structure in the direction 13,14 of 2 limits and each orientation process up and down of each pixel can be realized.In addition, the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12 shown in Fig. 2 is zigzags that right shoulder rises, otherwise and, even the zigzag that right shoulder declines, also think and can obtain same effect.
Fig. 3 is the schematic plan view of another example that electrode structure is shown.As shown in Fig. 3 (a), the electrode edge of each 2nd electrode 12 extended towards the left and right directions in figure is formed as zigzag, but different from the structure shown in above-mentioned Fig. 2,1 spacing of sawtooth and the electrode width of each 1st electrode 11 inconsistent.Then, as shown in Fig. 3 (b), the state that the electric interelectrode portion of downward top corner portion and the 1st electrode 11 that each 2nd electrode 12 is in sawtooth does not overlap.Each up and down electrode edge in 1 pixel be connected to vergence direction different 2 limits (the 1st straight line and the 2nd straight line) and obtain shape.When setting the length component (length during projection) parallel with left and right directions as Xa, Xb for each electrode edge, the electrode width of the length that Xa and Xb adds up to and Ge 1 electrode 11 is set to roughly equal.Then, each 1st electrode 11 and Ge 2 electrode 12 be configured to make the 2 different limits of connection vergence direction and overlap between the both ends of electrode edge obtained and the electrode of the 1st electrode 11.Below, sometimes the electrode structure shown in this Fig. 3 is called " electrode structure of type B ".The electrode structure of above-mentioned type A is alternatively the special circumstances of Xa=0 in the electrode structure of the type B.
In the electrode structure of type B, Xa > Xb, and preferably, (be more preferably within 3 times) within Xa is set to 4 times of Xb.When by have angle that the limit of length component Xa and horizontal direction formed be defined as θ time, angle θ is set to be greater than 0 ° and below 15 °.Like this, the direction off plumb structure in the direction 13,14 of 2 limits and each orientation process up and down of each pixel can be realized.The shape of each pixel in the electrode structure of type B is the hexagon of " く shape " after distortion, and whole pixel is same shape.In addition, for the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12 shown in Fig. 3, the limit (limit that right shoulder rises) in left side is set relatively long, and the limit (limit that right shoulder declines) on right side is set relatively short, even if reverse about making it, also think and can obtain same effect.
Fig. 4 is the schematic plan view of another example that electrode structure is shown.As shown in Fig. 4 (a), the electrode edge of each 2nd electrode 12 extended towards the left and right directions in figure is formed as zigzag, but different from the structure shown in above-mentioned Fig. 2,1 spacing of sawtooth and the electrode width of each 1st electrode 11 inconsistent.Then, as shown in Fig. 4 (b), the state that the electric interelectrode portion of 1 top corner portion and the 1st electrode 11 that each 2nd electrode 12 is in sawtooth does not overlap.Each up and down electrode edge in 1 pixel is connected to the 2 different limits of vergence direction and the shape obtained.The same with the electrode structure of above-mentioned type B, when setting the length component parallel with left and right directions as Xa, Xb for each electrode edge, the electrode width of the length that Xa and Xb adds up to and Ge 1 electrode 11 is set to roughly equal.Then, each 1st electrode 11 and Ge 2 electrode 12 be configured to make the 2 different limits of connection vergence direction and overlap between the both ends of electrode edge obtained and the electrode of the 1st electrode 11.Below, sometimes the electrode structure shown in this Fig. 4 is called " electrode structure of Type C ".
The difference of the electrode structure of Type C and the electrode structure of type B is, in two electrode edges of each 2nd electrode 12, the summit of sawtooth is inconsistent.In the example in the figures, a summit of sawtooth configures relative to another summit roughly Xb that staggers to left and right direction.In addition, offset is not limited to Xb.In the electrode structure of Type C, Xa > Xb, and preferably, (be more preferably within 3 times) within Xa is set to 4 times of Xb.When by have angle that the limit of length component Xa and horizontal direction formed be defined as θ time, angle θ is set to be greater than 0 ° and below 15 °.Like this, the direction off plumb structure in the direction 13,14 of 2 limits and each orientation process up and down of each pixel can be realized.The shape of each pixel in the electrode structure of Type C is the hexagon after distortion, but different in the shape of the adjacent pixel of above-below direction, just repeats the difference of this shape every 1 article of the 2nd electrode 12.In addition, the same with the situation of the electrode structure of type B, even if reverse about being configured to make primitive shape, also think and can obtain same effect.
Fig. 5 is the schematic plan view of another example that electrode structure is shown.As shown in Fig. 5 (a), the electrode edge towards each 2nd electrode 12 of the left and right directions extension in figure is formed as zigzag, and 1/2 spacing of sawtooth is set to the electrode width of the 1st electrode 11 roughly equal.Then, as shown in Fig. 5 (b), each 2nd electrode 12 configures with the state partially overlapped between the electrode of 1 of sawtooth top corner portion (bending point) and the 1st electrode 11.The region intersected due to each 1st electrode 11 and Ge 2 electrode 12 is respectively 1 pixel, and thus the shape of 1 pixel is the almost parallel quadrilateral shape by 2 limits of the electrode edge of the 1st electrode 11 and the 2 limits delimitations by the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12.Below, sometimes the electrode structure shown in this Fig. 5 is called " electrode structure of type D ".
When in Figure 5 the angle that the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12 and horizontal direction (left and right directions in figure) are formed being defined as θ, this angle θ is set to be greater than 0 ° and below 15 °.Like this, the direction off plumb structure in the direction 13,14 of 2 limits and each orientation process up and down of each pixel can be realized.In each pixel in the electrode structure of type D, be same shape between the pixel that above-below direction is adjacent, but different between the pixel that left and right directions is adjacent, just repeat the difference of this shape every 1 article of the 1st electrode 11.
Fig. 6 is the schematic plan view of another example that electrode structure is shown.As shown in Fig. 6 (a), the electrode edge towards each 2nd electrode 12 of the left and right directions extension in figure is formed as zigzag, and 1 interval of sawtooth is set to the electrode width of each 1st electrode 11 roughly equal.Be from the different of electrode structure of the type D shown in Fig. 5, direction bending on an electrode edge and another electrode edge of each 2nd electrode 12 is mutually different, and the bending summit of two electrode edges is repeated close to or is separated.Then, as shown in Fig. 6 (b), each 2nd electrode 12 is configured to the state partially overlapped between 1 top corner portion (bending point) of sawtooth and the electrode of the 1st electrode 11.The region intersected due to each 1st electrode 11 and Ge 2 electrode 12 is respectively 1 pixel, and thus the shape of 1 pixel is the roughly trapezoidal shape by 2 limits of the electrode edge of the 1st electrode 11 and the 2 limits delimitations by the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12.Below, sometimes the electrode structure shown in this Fig. 6 is called " electrode structure of type E ".
When in figure 6 the angle that the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12 and horizontal direction (left and right directions in figure) are formed being defined as θ, this angle θ is set to be greater than 0 ° and below 15 °.Like this, the direction off plumb structure in the direction 13,14 of 2 limits and each orientation process up and down of each pixel can be realized.In each pixel in the electrode structure of type E, all different between the pixel that above-below direction is adjacent, between the pixel that left and right directions is adjacent, every 1 article of the 1st electrode 11 and the difference just repeating this shape every 1 article of the 2nd electrode 12.
Fig. 7 is the schematic plan view of another example that electrode structure is shown.As shown in Fig. 7 (a), the electrode edge towards each 2nd electrode 12 of the left and right directions extension in figure is formed as zigzag, and 1 spacing of sawtooth is set to the electrode width of each 1st electrode 11 roughly equal.Then, as shown in Fig. 7 (b), 1 top corner portion (bending point) that each 2nd electrode 12 is configured to sawtooth overlaps with the substantially central portion of the 1st electrode 11, the state that partially overlaps between the electrode of another 1 top corner portion (bending point) and the 1st electrode 11.The region intersected due to each 1st electrode 11 and Ge 2 electrode 12 is respectively 1 pixel, and thus the shape of 1 pixel is the hexagon by 2 limits of the electrode edge of the 1st electrode 11 and the roughly shape of falling V by 2 limits delimitations of the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12.Below, sometimes the electrode structure shown in this Fig. 7 is called " electrode structure of type F ".
When in the figure 7 the angle that the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12 and horizontal direction (left and right directions in figure) are formed being defined as θ, this angle θ is set to be greater than 0 ° and below 15 °.Like this, the direction off plumb structure in the direction 13,14 of 2 limits and each orientation process up and down of each pixel can be realized.In each pixel in the electrode structure of type F, at above-below direction and left and right directions, between adjacent pixel, be same shape.In addition, the shape of each pixel can be the hexagon of roughly V shape.
Fig. 8 is the schematic plan view of another example that electrode structure is shown.As shown in Fig. 8 (a), the electrode edge towards each 2nd electrode 12 of the left and right directions extension in figure is formed as zigzag, and 1 interval of sawtooth is set to the electrode width of each 1st electrode 11 roughly equal.Be from the different of electrode structure of the type F shown in Fig. 7, the direction bent at an electrode edge and another electrode edge of each 2nd electrode 12 is mutually different, and the bending point of two electrode edges repeats close to or is separated.Then, as shown in Fig. 8 (b), 1 bending point (summit) that each 2nd electrode 12 is configured to sawtooth overlaps with the substantially central portion of the 1st electrode 11, the state that partially overlaps between the electrode of another 1 bending point (summit) and the 1st electrode 11.The region intersected due to each 1st electrode 11 and Ge 2 electrode 12 is respectively 1 pixel, and thus the shape of 1 pixel is the roughly hexagon by 2 limits of the electrode edge of the 1st electrode 11 and the 2 limits delimitations by the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12.Below, sometimes the electrode structure shown in this Fig. 8 is called " electrode structure of type G ".
When in fig. 8 the angle that the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12 and horizontal direction (left and right directions in figure) are formed being defined as θ, this angle θ is set to be greater than 0 ° and below 15 °.Like this, the direction off plumb structure in the direction 13,14 of 2 limits and each orientation process up and down of each pixel can be realized.In each pixel in the electrode structure of type G, be difformity between the pixel that above-below direction is adjacent, be same shape between the pixel that left and right directions is adjacent.
Below, actual fabrication is had to the liquid crystal indicator of each dot structure of above-mentioned type A ~ G and the result after having carried out the orientation structure observation of this liquid crystal indicator and visual inspection is illustrated.In the liquid crystal indicator of actual fabrication, the concrete value conditions in the type of each electrode structure is as described below.In addition, be all designed in arbitrary type, the adjacent interelectrode distance of each 2nd electrode 12 is 0.03mm, and peristome area does not reduce.Further, for the 1st electrode 11, if electrode configuration cycle is 0.43mm, if adjacent interelectrode distance is 0.03mm.About the direction of orientation of liquid crystal molecule, the configuration status of each Polarizer of the direction of orientation process, the substantial middle of liquid crystal layer 3, as mentioned above.
(1) about type A, if the summit cycle of sawtooth is 0.43mm, θ is set as 5 °, 10 °, 15 °.
(2) about type B, if Xa=0.3225mm, Xb=0.1075mm, Xa+Xb=0.43mm, θ is set as 5 °, 10 °, 15 °.
(3) about Type C, if Xa=0.3225mm, Xb=0.1075mm, Xa+Xb=0.43mm, if the offset distance of the apex portion between two electrode edges is 0.1075mm, θ is set as 5 °, 10 °, 15 °.
(4) about type D, if adjacent bending point spacing is 0.43mm, θ is set as 5 °, 10 °, 15 °.
(5) about type E, the setting identical with type D is adopted.
(6) about type F, if adjacent bending point spacing is 0.215mm, θ is set as 5 °, 10 °, 15 °.
(7) about type G, the setting identical with type F is adopted.
The figure of orientation structure observation picture when Fig. 9 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator that the electrode structure with type A is shown.In detail, Fig. 9 (a) is the observation picture of θ=5 °, and Fig. 9 (b) is the observation picture of θ=10 °, and Fig. 9 (c) is the observation picture of θ=15 °.Known as shown in the figure, the shape of each pixel is almost parallel quadrilateral or the hexagon shape after being out of shape.The same with the liquid crystal indicator of above-mentioned conventional example (with reference to Figure 35), in the present example, owing to observing dark areas near the pixel edge of each pixel, thus think the impact of the oblique electric field existed equally near pixel edge.But, be roughly equal shape when comparing the dark areas of each pixel, the known homogeneity greatly improving dark areas compared with conventional example.And known when observing the dependence to angle θ more in detail, compared with θ=5 °, θ=10 °, θ=15 ° improve the homogeneity of dark areas more.Turn clockwise from anti-visual recognition direction with centered by this anti-visual recognition direction, turn 70 ° of orientation counterclockwise and can confirm as the result that the liquid crystal indicator of this embodiment carries out visual inspection, compared with conventional example, significantly improve show uniformity, namely the homogeneity of the light leak of pixel edge, significantly improves display quality.Angle θ is larger, and show uniformity is more excellent.
The figure of orientation structure observation picture when Figure 10 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator that the electrode structure with type B is shown.The figure of orientation structure observation picture when Figure 11 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator that the electrode structure with Type C is shown.All be set as θ=10 °.Known, either party all the same with type A homogeneity improving the shape of dark areas of type B, Type C.Turn clockwise from anti-visual recognition direction with centered by this anti-visual recognition direction, turn the result that the liquid crystal indicator of 70 ° of orientation to each embodiment of type B, C carry out visual inspection counterclockwise and can confirm as, compared with conventional example, significantly improve show uniformity, namely the homogeneity of the light leak of pixel edge, significantly improves display quality.But, also distinguish, show uniformity is more inferior compared with type A.This thinks that the pixel because the shape of dark areas is different with the position to wrong (disclination) is present in a part of reason.But, confirm with comparing of conventional example, substantially improve show uniformity.
Distinguish from above observations, making two electrode edges of the 2nd electrode 12 bend to jagged electrode structure by adopting, significantly can improve the display quality of liquid crystal indicator.Angle time bending is more preferably more than 5 ° and less than 15 °.Further, even if at the bending point of 1 pixel internal storage on each limit that the electrode edge by the 2nd electrode 12 is formed, be also effective, but for the position of this bending point, more preferably Xa is set as more than 3 times of Xb.
The figure of orientation structure observation picture when Figure 12 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator that the electrode structure with type D is shown.In detail, Figure 12 (a) is the observation picture of θ=5 °, and Figure 12 (b) is the observation picture of θ=10 °, and Figure 12 (c) is the observation picture of θ=15 °.When observing 3 orientations respectively and organizing, compared with the liquid crystal indicator of conventional example, improve the homogeneity of dark areas, known when observing in more detail, when θ=5 °, homogeneity is slightly insufficient, in θ=10 °, θ=15 ° time, the homogeneity of dark areas is high.The result of having carried out after the visual inspection identical with the situation of above-mentioned type A ~ C is known, and show uniformity is more inferior a little than type A ~ C.But, confirm with comparing of conventional example, substantially improve show uniformity.Also known, be more preferably more than θ=10 °.
The figure of orientation structure observation picture when Figure 13 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator (when θ=10 °) that the electrode structure with type E is shown.Known when observing orientation and organizing, dark areas is different for each pixel, and is roughly fixed on ad-hoc location to the position of mistake, and orientation homogeneity is better.The result of having carried out after the visual inspection identical with above-mentioned type D is known, and show uniformity is more inferior a little than type A ~ C, and better than type D.But, confirm with comparing of conventional example, substantially improve show uniformity.
Think that the difference of show uniformity of type D and type E results from the difference of dot structure.For type D, show the tendency that distribution is different, viewing angle characteristic is different of the multidomain orientation when the voltage of the adjacent pixel of left and right directions applies.On the other hand, for type E, different in the shape of above-below direction, pixel that left and right directions is adjacent, and in fact, the pixel arrangement of same shape becomes grid-like, thus the pixel arrangement that the multidomain distribution of orientations when voltage applies is equal becomes grid-like, thus thinks that the show uniformity of visual inspection is better than type D.
The figure of orientation structure observation picture when Figure 14 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator (when θ=10 °) that the electrode structure with type G is shown.Known when observing orientation and organizing, dark areas corresponds to the bending point formed by the electrode edge of the 1st electrode 11 and is formed to mistake, and the homogeneity of its shape is insufficient.Think that perhaps becoming sharper angle by the angle on this summit fixes to mistake, also easily fixes dark areas.Although omit diagram, but this tendency is also the same for the liquid crystal indicator of the electrode structure with type F.Visual inspection is carried out to the liquid crystal indicator of the electrode structure with type G and type F, has failed to obtain show uniformity compared with type A ~ E.Compared with the liquid crystal indicator of conventional example, significant difference can not be observed.Therefore known, as shown in for type B, C, when the left and right directions configuration bending point towards pixel is to make Xa and Xb equal, not effective.But, tilt angle is the situation of 89.9 ° shown in above-mentioned, when tilt angle is set lower, such as when being set as 89.8 °, compared with the liquid crystal indicator of conventional example, observable is different significantly, confirms that other type can realize the homogeneity from anti-visual recognition direction equally in visual inspection.
In addition, in the above-described first embodiment, the electrode edge of the both sides of the 2nd electrode is formed as polyline shaped, but electrode edge that can be only one-sided is formed as polyline shaped.In this case, it is desirable that, the line segment of skewed crossing to be configured in pixel edge counter depending on recognizing side.
(the 2nd embodiment)
In the 2nd embodiment, by the shape making the electrode edge of each electrode be formed as polyline shaped, realize the raising of display quality and the reduction of frame rate simultaneously.Below, some concrete structures are illustrated.In addition, the basic structure of liquid crystal indicator and the 1st above-mentioned embodiment are public (with reference to Fig. 1).
Figure 15 is the schematic plan view of the example that electrode structure is shown.As shown in Figure 15 (a), the electrode edge towards each 1st electrode 11 of the above-below direction extension in figure is formed as zigzag, and 1 spacing of sawtooth is set to the electrode width of each 2nd electrode 12 roughly equal.Further, the electrode edge of each 2nd electrode 12 is formed as the zigzag identical with the electrode edge shown in the Fig. 7 in the 1st above-mentioned embodiment, and 1 spacing of sawtooth is set to the electrode width of each 1st electrode 11 roughly equal.As shown in Figure 15 (b), 1 top corner portion (bending point) that each 1st electrode 11 is configured in sawtooth overlaps with the substantially central portion of the 2nd electrode 12, the state that partially overlaps between the electrode of another 1 top corner portion (bending point) and the 2nd electrode 12.Equally, the state that 1 top corner portion (bending point) that each 2nd electrode 12 is configured in sawtooth overlaps with the substantially central portion of the 1st electrode 11, partially overlap between the electrode of another 1 top corner portion (bending point) and the 1st electrode 11.The region intersected due to each 1st electrode 11 and Ge 2 electrode 12 is respectively 1 pixel, and thus the shape of 1 pixel is the octagon by 2 limits of the electrode edge of the 1st electrode 11 and the 2 limits delimitations by the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12.
When the angle that the electrode edge of the 1st electrode 11 and vertical direction (above-below direction in figure) are formed being defined as θ in Figure 15 (b), this angle θ is set to be greater than 0 ° and less than 15 °.Like this, the direction off plumb structure in the direction 13,14 of 2 limits and each orientation process up and down of each pixel can be realized.In each pixel in the electrode structure, be same shape between either party all adjacent pixel of above-below direction and left and right directions.Further, the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12 and the angle of horizontal direction formation are set to be greater than 0 ° and less than 15 ° (with reference to Fig. 7).Like this, the direction off plumb structure in the direction 13,14 of 2 limits and each orientation process up and down of each pixel can be realized.In addition, each 2nd electrode 12 can have the electrode structure identical with the electrode structure shown in the Fig. 8 in the 1st above-mentioned embodiment.In this case, be difformity between the pixel that above-below direction is adjacent, be same shape between the pixel that left and right directions is adjacent.Below, the electrode structure shown in Figure 15 is called " electrode structure of type H ".
Below, with reference to the electrode structure (electrode structure of type F) shown in Fig. 7 in the 1st embodiment and the electrode structure shown in Fig. 8 (electrode structure of type G), the electrode structure (electrode structure of type H) shown in Figure 15 is described.Specifically, to actual fabrication, there is type F, the liquid crystal indicator of each dot structure of G, H the result of the orientation structure observation and visual inspection that have carried out this liquid crystal indicator be illustrated.In the liquid crystal indicator of actual fabrication, the concrete value conditions in the type of each electrode structure is as described below.All be designed in arbitrary type, the adjacent interelectrode distance of each 1st electrode 11 and Ge 2 electrode 12 is 0.03mm respectively, and peristome area does not decline.Further, bending point spacing is all set as 0.215mm by the 1st electrode 11 and the 2nd electrode 12, θ is set as 5 °, 10 °, 15 °.About the direction of orientation of liquid crystal molecule, the configuration status of each Polarizer of the direction of orientation process, the substantial middle of liquid crystal layer 3, as mentioned above.
The figure of orientation structure observation picture when Figure 16 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator that the electrode structure with type G is shown.In detail, Figure 16 (a) is the observation picture of θ=5 °, and Figure 16 (b) is the observation picture of θ=10 °, and Figure 16 (c) is the observation picture of θ=15 °.Known, in arbitrary orientation tissue compared with the liquid crystal indicator of conventional example (with reference to Figure 35), improve the homogeneity of the distribution shape of the dark areas in pixel edge.But the homogeneity being present in the position to mistake near bending point in the orientation tissue of θ=5 ° is insufficient.On the other hand, in each orientation tissue of θ=10 °, θ=15 °, the tendency that the homogeneity observing dark areas is improved along with the increase of θ.
The figure of orientation structure observation picture when Figure 17 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator that the electrode structure with type F is shown.In detail, Figure 17 (a) is the observation picture of θ=5 °, and Figure 17 (b) is the observation picture of θ=10 °, and Figure 17 (c) is the observation picture of θ=15 °.These liquid crystal indicators with the electrode structure of type F are also observed the tendency identical with the situation of above-mentioned type G.
Below, for having above-mentioned type F, the liquid crystal indicator of each electrode structure of type G and each side of the liquid crystal indicator of conventional example, the dependent evaluation result of driving frequency to show uniformity during bright display is described.Drive condition is employing 1/64 dutycycle, 1/9 multiplex (MUX) that is biased, frame inversion waveforms drives, and uses the bright display driver voltage obtaining roughly maximum-contrast, have rated the lower limit of the frame rate observing display unevenness from visual inspection.
As a result, the lower limit of frame rate is 105Hz in the liquid crystal indicator of conventional example, and in the liquid crystal indicator of electrode structure with above-mentioned type G, and frame rate when θ being set as 5 °, 10 °, 15 ° is changed to 110Hz, 130Hz, 130Hz.On the other hand, can find out, show uniformity when observing from anti-visual recognition direction increases along with θ and improves.Further, in the liquid crystal indicator of electrode structure with above-mentioned type F, frame rate when θ being set as 5 °, 10 °, 15 ° is changed to 120Hz, 135Hz, 150Hz.Can find out, show uniformity when observing from anti-visual recognition direction increases along with θ and improves.From finding out above, type F and type G is observed such tendency: show uniformity when observing from anti-visual recognition direction increases along with θ and improves, and the frame rate obtaining show uniformity when observing in front rises.
Figure 18 be illustrate as the 1st electrode, there is the electrode structure of type H and the voltage as the 2nd electrode with the liquid crystal indicator of the electrode structure identical with the electrode structure shown in above-mentioned Fig. 8 applies time the figure of orientation structure observation picture.In detail, Figure 18 (a) is the observation picture of θ=5 °, and Figure 18 (b) is the observation picture of θ=10 °, and Figure 18 (c) is the observation picture of θ=15 °.Known, in arbitrary orientation tissue, the dark areas in pixel edge is organized roughly the same for the 2nd electrode 12 with the orientation shown in above-mentioned Figure 16, and beyond in θ=5 °, distribution is more even.For the 1st electrode 11, the distributing homogeneity of dark areas is good.From the show uniformity the visual inspection of anti-visual recognition direction with have above-mentioned type F, type G each electrode structure liquid crystal indicator compared with further improvement, improvement compared with the liquid crystal indicator of conventional example.The driving frequency dependence of the show uniformity when front for this liquid crystal indicator is observed, adopts condition same as described above to evaluate.As a result, for θ=5 °, 10 °, 15 ° be 95Hz, 100Hz, 90Hz respectively, do not observe the dependence to θ.Further, known, as compared to liquid crystal indicator and the above-mentioned type F of conventional example, each liquid crystal indicator of G, the lower limit of frame rate declines further.
Figure 19 be illustrate as the 1st electrode, there is the electrode structure of type H and the voltage as the 2nd electrode with the liquid crystal indicator of the electrode structure (electrode structure of type F) identical with the electrode structure shown in above-mentioned Fig. 7 applies time the figure of orientation structure observation picture.In detail, Figure 19 (a) is the observation picture of θ=10 °, and Figure 19 (b) is the observation picture of θ=15 °.The dark areas homogeneity cream compared with the liquid crystal indicator of conventional example observed near the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12, and observe the tendency identical with the liquid crystal indicator of the electrode structure with type G.On the other hand, known, in the electrode edge of the 1st electrode 11, also fully obtain the homogeneity of dark areas.Can confirm, identical with the liquid crystal indicator of the electrode structure with the type F shown in above-mentioned Figure 17 from the show uniformity the visual inspection of anti-visual recognition direction, improve compared with the liquid crystal indicator of conventional example.And, the driving frequency dependence of show uniformity when adopting condition same as described above to observe the front of this liquid crystal indicator is evaluated, result is known, in θ=10 °, 15 ° time, the lower limit of frame rate is all 100Hz, compare with each liquid crystal indicator of above-mentioned type F, G with the liquid crystal indicator of conventional example, the lower limit of frame rate declines further.
Can judge from above result, as the effect making the lower limit of frame rate decline, adopt the electrode structure having a bendability the both sides of the 1st electrode side and the 2nd electrode side to be effective.θ value in this case preferably more than 5 °.On the other hand, in order to improve the show uniformity from anti-visual recognition direction further, thinking and preferably θ value being set as more than 10 ° and less than 15 °.
In addition, in the above-described 2nd embodiment, the electrode edge of the respective both sides of the 1st electrode, the 2nd electrode is same shape, but can be difformity.
(the 3rd embodiment)
In the 3rd embodiment, by the electrode edge of each 2nd electrode 12 being formed as the shape of the polyline shaped of the line segment of bearing of trend (the 1st direction) oblique comprised relative to the 1st electrode, realize the pixel edge of the part of being delimited by the electrode edge of each 2nd electrode 12 in each pixel and direction 13, the 14 off plumb structure of each orientation process.Further, by arranging rectangular-shaped peristome, the reduction of achieve frame frequency on each 1st electrode 11.Below, some concrete structures are illustrated.In addition, the basic structure of liquid crystal indicator and the 1st above-mentioned embodiment are public (with reference to Fig. 1).
Electrode structure and the 1st above-mentioned embodiment of the 2nd electrode in the 3rd embodiment are public.Specifically, the 2nd electrode in the 3rd embodiment has the electrode structure of the electrode structure of the type D shown in Fig. 5 in the 1st above-mentioned embodiment, the electrode structure of the type E shown in Fig. 6, the electrode structure of the type F shown in Fig. 7 or the type G shown in Fig. 8.
Figure 20 is the figure of an example of the electrode structure that the 1st electrode with peristome is shown.As shown in figure 20, on each 1st electrode 11, be provided with long rectangular-shaped peristome 15 along respective bearing of trend i.e. the 1st direction.In the example in the figures, length direction and the 1st direction of each peristome 15 are almost parallel, arrange along this length direction.In addition, as shown in figure 21, the length direction of each peristome 15 can have predetermined angular to configure relative to the 1st direction.Such as, the length direction of each peristome 15 can be the direction substantially vertical with the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12.Further, in the example in the figures, between the 1st adjacent electrode 11, the vergence direction of each peristome 15 is mutually different, but vergence direction can be consistent.
Below, the structure of the pixel making the 1st above-mentioned electrode 11 and the 2nd electrode 12 combine and form is described.
Figure 22 is the figure of the example that electrode structure is shown.This example is the electrode structure of 1 pixel when making the 1st electrode 11 with peristome 15 shown in the 2nd electrode 12 of the electrode structure with above-mentioned type F and Figure 20 combine.The electrode separation of the 1st electrode 11 is Ws, and the electrode separation of the 2nd electrode 12 is Wc, and the long edge lengths (length of length direction) being arranged on the peristome 15 on the 1st electrode 11 is Ls.In the present example, peristome 15 is configured to 1 end (minor face) and overlaps between the electrode of the 2nd adjacent electrode 12 and overlap with the bending point of the 2nd electrode 12.
Figure 23 is the figure of another example that electrode structure is shown.This example is the electrode structure of 1 pixel when making the 1st electrode 11 with peristome 15 shown in the 2nd electrode 12 of the electrode structure with above-mentioned type D and Figure 20 combine.The electrode separation of the 1st electrode 11 is Ws, and the electrode separation of the 2nd electrode 12 is Wc, and the long edge lengths (length of length direction) being arranged on the peristome 15 on the 1st electrode 11 is Ls.In the present example, peristome 15 is configured to be configured in substantial middle relative to the Width of the 1st electrode 11 in pixel and 1 end (minor face) overlaps between the electrode of the 2nd adjacent electrode 12.
Figure 24 is the figure of another example that electrode structure is shown.This example is the electrode structure of 1 pixel when making the 2nd electrode 12 of the electrode structure with above-mentioned type D combine with the 1st electrode 11 of the peristome 15 with the oblique configuration shown in Figure 21.The electrode separation of the 1st electrode 11 is Ws, and the electrode separation of the 2nd electrode 12 is Wh.Further, the long edge lengths (length of length direction) being arranged on the peristome 15 of the tilted configuration on the 1st electrode 11 is Lt.In the present example, peristome 15 is configured to the center of gravity (in figure, making single dotted broken line cross means) comprising pixel.
In addition, except some illustrative combinations, each electrode structure of each electrode structure of the 2nd electrode 12 of type D ~ G and the 1st electrode 11 shown in Figure 21 and Figure 22 can also be made appropriately combined.
Below, to actual fabrication, there is the liquid crystal indicator of above-mentioned each dot structure and the result after having carried out the orientation structure observation of this liquid crystal indicator and visual inspection is illustrated.In the liquid crystal indicator of actual fabrication, the concrete value conditions in the type of each electrode structure is as described below.
(1) about type D, if adjacent bending point spacing is 0.43mm, θ is set as 5 °, 10 °, 15 °.
(2) about type E, the setting identical with type D is adopted.
(3) about type F, if adjacent bending point spacing is 0.215mm, θ is set as 5 °, 10 °, 15 °.
(4) about type G, the setting identical with type F is adopted.
In addition, the electrode separation Ws of the 1st electrode 11 is set as 0.43mm, the electrode separation Wc of the 2nd electrode 12 is set as 0.43mm, the long edge lengths Ls of peristome 15 is set as either party in 0.43mm, 0.32mm, 0.215mm.About the peristome 15 of tilted configuration, the long edge lengths Lt of peristome 15 is set as either party in 1 times (Lt=Wh), 0.75 times (Lt=0.75Wh), 0.5 times (Lt=0.5Wh) for the electrode widths W h of the 2nd electrode 12.
Further, arbitrary type is all designed so that the adjacent interelectrode distance of each 2nd electrode 12 is 0.03mm and peristome area does not decline.Further, for the 1st electrode 11, if electrode configuration cycle is 0.43mm, if adjacent interelectrode distance is 0.03mm.About the direction of orientation of liquid crystal molecule, the configuration status of each Polarizer of the direction of orientation process, the substantial middle of liquid crystal layer 3, as mentioned above.
At first, the orientation structure observation of liquid crystal indicator when the 1st electrode 11 is not provided with peristome 15 and the result of visual inspection are described.
Figure 25 (a) is the figure of the orientation structure observation picture of the voltage illustrating when θ to be set as 10 ° in the electrode structure of type D when applying.Known as shown in the figure, near pixel edge, observe dark areas, but compared with the liquid crystal indicator of above-mentioned conventional example, the regular property of distribution pattern of dark areas, homogeneity is high.But, relative to the direction that the 2nd electrode 12 extends, primitive shape is different, and thus the figure of dark areas is completely inconsistent.But, confirm in visual inspection, improve the homogeneity from the light leak near pixel edge when observing from anti-visual recognition direction, thus improve show uniformity.
Figure 25 (b) is the figure of the orientation structure observation picture of the voltage illustrating when θ to be set as 10 ° in the electrode structure of type E when applying.The same with the situation of the above-mentioned type D, compared with the liquid crystal indicator of conventional example, the distribution pattern of the dark areas near pixel edge observes homogeneity.The primitive shape of the 1st adjacent electrode 11, each bearing of trend of the 2nd electrode 12 is different, but the pixel arrangement of same shape becomes grid-like.Confirm in the visual inspection from anti-visual recognition direction, improve the homogeneity of the light leak near pixel edge, thus improve show uniformity.Show uniformity is more excellent than the situation (with reference to Figure 25 (a)) of the electrode structure of above-mentioned type D.
Figure 25 (c) is the figure of the orientation structure observation picture of the voltage illustrating when θ to be set as 10 ° in the electrode structure of type G when applying.Inferior compared with the situation of the electrode structure of above-mentioned type D, E, but compared with the liquid crystal indicator of conventional example, the distribution pattern of the dark areas near pixel edge observes homogeneity.In the visual inspection from anti-visual recognition direction, improve the homogeneity of the light leak near pixel edge a little, thus improve show uniformity.In addition, although the diagram of eliminating, but the situation of the electrode structure of type F is also identical observations.
For each side of the liquid crystal indicator of each electrode structure and the liquid crystal indicator of conventional example with above type D ~ G, the driving frequency dependence of show uniformity during bright display when observing front is evaluated.Drive condition is employing 1/64 dutycycle, 1/9 multiplex (MUX) that is biased, frame inversion waveforms drives, and uses the bright display driver voltage obtaining roughly maximum-contrast, be have rated the lower limit of the frame rate observing display unevenness by visual inspection.
Result is known, 105Hz in the liquid crystal indicator of conventional example, 115Hz when the electrode structure of type D, 95Hz when the electrode structure of type E, 135Hz when the electrode structure of type F, be 130Hz when the electrode structure of type G, be not that the region that the lower limit of frame rate is higher than conventional example can not obtain show uniformity beyond type E.Further, in type E, such tendency is observed: when θ is changed to 5 °, 10 °, 15 °, the lower limit of frame rate is changed to 120Hz, 135Hz, 150Hz.Known on the other hand, show uniformity when observing from anti-visual recognition direction increases along with θ and improves, and thus both exist trade-off relation.This tendency is also the same for other type.
Below, the orientation structure observation of liquid crystal indicator when the 1st electrode 11 arranges peristome 15 and the result of visual inspection are described.
Figure 26 is the figure of the orientation structure observation picture of the voltage illustrating when being carried out combining by the electrode structure shown in the electrode structure of above-mentioned type F and Figure 20 and θ is set as 10 ° when applying.In addition, if the long edge lengths Ls of peristome 15 is either party in 0.43mm, 0.32mm, 0.215mm, Figure 26 (a), Figure 26 (b), Figure 26 (c) illustrate respective observation picture.Known in the observation picture shown in Figure 26 (a), having good uniformity of the shape of the dark areas found in the long side portion of peristome 15, and the dark areas produced near the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12 is the distribution of comparison rule.Such situation is observed: the long edge lengths of peristome 15 reduces in Figure 26 (b), Figure 26 (c), thus the lateral region of peristome 15 reduces, thus the aperture opening ratio of pixel rises, and improves the homogeneity of the distribution pattern of dark areas.
Further, from anti-visual recognition direction, the result after visual inspection has been carried out to the liquid crystal indicator of each condition, owing to being configured with peristome 15, being thus difficult to the unevenness observing each pixel, significantly improving show uniformity.This reason is considered to, and owing to being configured with peristome 15 at the bending point of the 2nd electrode 12, the multidomain orientation texture thus in pixel is stablized.Particularly think, when not being provided with peristome 15, near the pixel edge on the top of the pixel of generation dark areas, also improving orientation, improve apparent homogeneity.
Use the liquid crystal indicator of above-mentioned each condition, observe the frame rate dependence of show uniformity during bright display when observing in front, be have rated the lower limit of the frame rate obtaining show uniformity by visual inspection.The same with above-mentioned, drive condition is employing 1/64 dutycycle, 1/9 multiplex (MUX) that is biased, frame inversion waveforms drives, and uses the bright display driver voltage obtaining roughly maximum-contrast, be have rated the lower limit of the frame rate observing display unevenness by visual inspection.Result is known, the long edge lengths Ls of peristome 15 is being set as in each liquid crystal indicator of 0.43mm, 0.32mm, 0.215mm, the lower limit of frame rate is 80Hz, 90Hz, 95Hz respectively, all declines to a great extent than the liquid crystal indicator of the liquid crystal indicator when not being provided with above-mentioned peristome 15 and conventional example.In addition, the tendency that the lower limit observing the frame rate when Ls shortens increases.But confirm, when Ls is at least more than 1/2 of the electrode width of the 2nd electrode 12 or electrode separation, obtain effect.In this discussion, the structure that the bending point that have employed the electrode edge of peristome 15 and the 2nd electrode 12 overlaps, but confirm as, even if the structure do not overlapped both adopting, the effect that the lower limit of frame rate is declined also can be obtained.
Figure 27 (a) is the figure of the orientation structure observation picture of the voltage illustrating when being carried out combining by the electrode structure shown in the electrode structure of above-mentioned type D and Figure 20 and θ is set as 10 ° when applying.In addition, θ is set as 10 °, the long edge lengths Ls of peristome 15 is set as 0.43mm.The distribution pattern of dark areas significantly improves homogeneity compared with the distribution pattern shown in above-mentioned Figure 26, and the dark areas near the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12 also distributes more equably.Confirm, homogeneity remarkable improvement compared with not being provided with the situation of peristome 15 of the light leak near the pixel edge that anti-visual recognition direction is observed, show uniformity significantly improves.The frame rate dependence of the show uniformity that to observe when observing in front bright when showing, the result that be have rated by visual inspection after the lower limit of the frame rate obtaining show uniformity is known, the lower limit of frame rate is 80Hz, can significantly improve compared with not being provided with the situation of peristome 15.
Figure 27 (b) is the figure of the orientation structure observation picture of the voltage illustrating when being carried out combining by the electrode structure shown in the electrode structure of above-mentioned type D and Figure 21 and θ is set as 10 ° when applying.In addition, θ is set as 10 °, the long edge lengths Lt of peristome 15 is set as equal with the electrode width of the 2nd electrode 12.Can think, the distribution pattern homogeneity the same as above-mentioned Figure 27 (a) of dark areas is high and good.Confirm, homogeneity remarkable improvement compared with not being provided with the situation of peristome 15 of the light leak near the pixel edge that anti-visual recognition direction is observed, show uniformity significantly improves.The frame rate dependence of the show uniformity that to observe when observing in front bright when showing, the result that be have rated by visual inspection after the lower limit of the frame rate obtaining show uniformity is known, the lower limit of frame rate is 75Hz, significantly can improve compared with not being provided with the situation of peristome 15, be in a ratio of minimum value with other electrode structure.
Above, the lower limit of the show uniformity in anti-visual recognition direction of liquid crystal indicator of electrode structure and the frame rate of the acquisition show uniformity when front is observed with peristome 15 is evaluated, but can it is contemplated that, even if combine with the electrode structure of the 2nd electrode 12 of other type, identical improvement effect also can be obtained.
In addition, in the above-described 3rd embodiment for each pixel arrangement 1 peristome, but can for the peristome of each pixel arrangement more than 2.Can thinking, by arranging multiple peristome, the lower limit of frame rate can be made to decline further.
(the 4th embodiment)
In the 4th embodiment, by the electrode edge of each 2nd electrode 12 being formed as the shape of the polyline shaped of the line segment of bearing of trend (the 1st direction) oblique comprised relative to the 1st electrode, realize the pixel edge of part of being delimited by the electrode edge of each 2nd electrode 12 in each pixel and direction 13,14 out of plumb of each orientation process and each pixel is structure relative to the long pixel edge of one direction.Below, some concrete structures are illustrated.In addition, the basic structure of liquid crystal indicator and the 1st above-mentioned embodiment are public (with reference to Fig. 1).
Figure 28 is the schematic plan view of the example that electrode structure is shown.As shown in Figure 28 (a), the electrode edge towards each 2nd electrode 12 of the left and right directions extension in figure is formed as zigzag, and 1/4 spacing of sawtooth is set to the electrode width of the 1st electrode 11 roughly equal.Then, as shown in Figure 28 (b), each 2nd electrode 12 is configured in the state partially overlapped between 1 top corner portion (bending point) of sawtooth and the electrode of the 1st electrode 11.The region intersected due to each 1st electrode 11 and Ge 2 electrode 12 is respectively 1 pixel, thus the shape of 1 pixel be by 2 limits of the electrode edge of the 1st electrode 11 and delimited by 2 limits of the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12, almost parallel quadrilateral that one direction is long.Below, sometimes the electrode structure shown in this Figure 28 is called " electrode structure of type i ".
When the angle that the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12 and horizontal direction (left and right directions in figure) are formed being defined as θ in Figure 28 (b), this angle θ is set to be greater than 0 ° and less than 15 °.Like this, the direction off plumb structure in the direction 13,14 of 2 limits and each orientation process up and down of each pixel can be realized.In each pixel in the electrode structure, be same shape between the pixel that above-below direction is adjacent, but there is the shape of the 2 kinds of pixel edges changed at each bending point.In addition, in the example in the figures, each 2nd electrode 12 bending point be configured with 2 the 1st electrodes 11 each other, but the 1st electrode 11 of more than 3 can be configured.In other words, the respective electrode width of each 2nd electrode 12 can be below roughly 1/2 of electrode width of the 1st electrode 11.
Figure 29 is the schematic plan view of another example that electrode structure is shown.As shown in Figure 29 (a), the electrode edge towards each 2nd electrode 12 of the left and right directions extension in figure is formed as zigzag, and 1/4 interval of sawtooth is set to the electrode width of each 1st electrode 11 roughly equal.Be from the different of electrode structure of the type i shown in Figure 28, the direction bent at an electrode edge and another electrode edge of each 2nd electrode 12 is mutually different, and the bending summit of two electrode edges is repeated close to or is separated.Then, as shown in Figure 29 (b), each 2nd electrode 12 is configured in the state partially overlapped between 1 top corner portion (bending point) of sawtooth and the electrode of the 1st electrode 11.The region intersected due to each 1st electrode 11 and Ge 2 electrode 12 is respectively 1 pixel, thus the shape of 1 pixel be by 2 limits of the electrode edge of the 1st electrode 11 and delimited by 2 limits of the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12, roughly trapezoidal shape that one direction is long.Below, sometimes the electrode structure shown in this Figure 29 is called " electrode structure of type J ".In addition, in the example in the figures, each 2nd electrode 12 bending point be configured with 2 the 1st electrodes 11 each other, but the 1st electrode 11 of more than 3 can be configured.In other words, the respective electrode width of each 2nd electrode 12 can be below roughly 1/2 of mean value at the widest position and the narrowest position in the electrode width of the 1st electrode 11.
When the angle that the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12 and horizontal direction (left and right directions in figure) are formed being defined as θ in Figure 29 (b), this angle θ is set to be greater than 0 ° and less than 15 °.Like this, the direction off plumb structure in the direction 13,14 of 2 limits and each orientation process up and down of each pixel can be realized.In each pixel in the electrode structure of type J, all different between the pixel that above-below direction is adjacent, between the pixel that left and right directions is adjacent, there is the shape of 4 kinds of pixel edges.
Figure 30 is the schematic plan view of another example that electrode structure is shown.As shown in Figure 30 (a), the electrode edge towards each 2nd electrode 12 of the left and right directions extension in figure is formed as zigzag, and 1/2 spacing of sawtooth is set to the electrode width of each 1st electrode 11 roughly equal.Then, as shown in Figure 30 (b), each 2nd electrode 12 is configured in the state partially overlapped between 1 top corner portion (bending point) of sawtooth and the electrode of the 1st electrode 11.The region intersected due to each 1st electrode 11 and Ge 2 electrode 12 is respectively 1 pixel, and thus the shape of 1 pixel is the almost diamond shape by 2 limits of the electrode edge of the 1st electrode 11 and the one direction length by 2 limits delimitations of the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12.Below, sometimes the electrode structure shown in this Figure 30 is called " electrode structure of type K ".In addition, in the example in the figures, each 2nd electrode 12 bending point be configured with 2 the 1st electrodes 11 each other, but the 1st electrode 11 of more than 3 can be configured.In other words, the respective electrode width of each 2nd electrode 12 can be set as below roughly 1/2 of electrode width of the 1st electrode 11.
When the angle that the electrode edge of the 2nd electrode 12 and horizontal direction (left and right directions in figure) are formed being defined as θ in Figure 30 (b), this angle θ is set to be greater than 0 ° and less than 15 °.Like this, the direction off plumb structure in the direction 13,14 of 2 limits and each orientation process up and down of each pixel can be realized.In each pixel in the electrode structure, between the pixel that above-below direction is adjacent and between the pixel that left and right directions is adjacent, the shape of pixel edge is all identical.
Figure 31 is the schematic plan view of another example that electrode structure is shown.Electrode structure shown in Figure 31 (b) is such electrode structure: in the electrode structure of the type i shown in above-mentioned Figure 28 (b), makes each 1st electrode 11 also have bendability further, makes electrode edge be formed as polyline shaped.In detail, as shown in Figure 31 (b), in each 1st electrode 11, an electrode edge is formed as linearity, and another electrode edge is formed as zigzag.And in the present example, make jagged electrode edge side toward each other and 2 the 1st electrodes 11 of configuration are a pair, repeated configuration these a pair the 1st electrodes 11.Thus, the utilization ratio in the space for configuring the 1st electrode 11 is improved.Below, sometimes the electrode structure shown in this Figure 31 is called " electrode structure of type L ".In addition, the electrode structure shown in Figure 31 is an example, and two electrode edges of each 1st electrode 11 can be formed as zigzag.Further, the 1st electrode 11 that such one or both electrode edge can be formed as polyline shaped combines with above-mentioned all types of electrode structure.
Below, actual fabrication is had to the liquid crystal indicator of each dot structure of above-mentioned type i ~ L and the result after having carried out the orientation structure observation of this liquid crystal indicator and visual inspection is illustrated.In the liquid crystal indicator of actual fabrication, the concrete value conditions in the type of each electrode structure is as described below.In addition, in arbitrary type, all the interelectrode distance adjacent separately of each 1st electrode 11, each 2nd electrode 12 is set as 0.03mm.The electrode width of the 1st electrode 11 is set as 0.185, in the electrode width of the 2nd electrode, for type i, K, L, is set as 0.4mm, for type J, the mean value of the widest width and the narrowest width is set as 0.4mm.About angle of bend θ, be all set as 5 °, 10 °, 15 °.About the direction of orientation of liquid crystal molecule, the configuration status of each Polarizer of the direction of orientation process, the substantial middle of liquid crystal layer 3, as mentioned above.
The figure of orientation structure observation picture when Figure 32 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator that the electrode structure with type i is shown.Known as shown in the figure, compared with the liquid crystal indicator of conventional example, improve the homogeneity of the dark areas of the minor face of pixel edge, long limit neighbouring generation separately.Known, even if in the visual inspection from anti-visual recognition direction, also significantly improve show uniformity than the liquid crystal indicator of conventional example, very good homogeneity can be realized.
The figure of orientation structure observation picture when Figure 33 is the voltage applying of the liquid crystal indicator that the electrode structure with type L is shown.Known, the same with the example shown in Figure 32, improve the homogeneity of the dark areas of the minor face of pixel edge, long limit neighbouring generation separately, even if in the visual inspection from anti-visual recognition direction, also significantly improve show uniformity than the liquid crystal indicator of conventional example, very good homogeneity can be realized.
For the liquid crystal indicator of the example shown separately shown in Figure 32, Figure 33, under multiplex's drive condition of 1/64 dutycycle, 1/9 biased, frame inversion waveforms, investigate the lower limit of the frame rate of acquisition show uniformity when to have employed bright display when front is observed, result is known, 80Hz, 75Hz respectively, compared with the liquid crystal indicator of conventional example, the lower limit of frame rate declines.
In the above-described 4th embodiment, the electrode edge of the respective both sides of the 1st electrode, the 2nd electrode have employed same shape, but can adopt difformity.
In addition, the present invention is not limited to the content of above-mentioned embodiment, can carry out various modification to implement in the scope of purport of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a liquid crystal indicator, described liquid crystal indicator comprises:
1st substrate arranged opposite and the 2nd substrate;
1st electrode, it is arranged in the one side of described 1st substrate, extends towards the 1st direction;
2nd electrode, it is arranged in the one side of described 2nd substrate, extends towards the 2nd direction substantially vertical with the 1st direction; And
The liquid crystal layer of substantially vertical orientation, it is arranged on the one side of the one side of described 1st substrate and described 2nd substrate each other,
Pixel is formed in the region of described 1st electrode and described 2nd electrode crossing,
Towards with almost parallel direction, described 1st direction at least one party's implementation orientation process in described 1st substrate and described 2nd substrate,
Described 1st electrode is the shape of the linearity that the electrode edge of both sides extends towards described 1st direction,
Described 2nd electrode is the polyline shaped shape of the line segment including at least one-sided electrode edge and described 1st direction oblique,
In described pixel, comprise the line segment of described oblique to delimit pixel edge,
The line segment of described oblique for benchmark with described 2nd direction, is formed and is greater than 0 ° and is less than or equal to the angle of 15 ° and oblique.
2. a liquid crystal indicator, described liquid crystal indicator comprises:
1st substrate arranged opposite and the 2nd substrate;
1st electrode, it is arranged in the one side of described 1st substrate, extends towards the 1st direction;
2nd electrode, it is arranged in the one side of described 2nd substrate, extends towards the 2nd direction substantially vertical with the 1st direction; And
The liquid crystal layer of substantially vertical orientation, it is arranged on the one side of the one side of described 1st substrate and described 2nd substrate each other,
Pixel is formed in the region of described 1st electrode and described 2nd electrode crossing,
Towards with almost parallel direction, described 1st direction at least one party's implementation orientation process in described 1st substrate and described 2nd substrate,
Described 1st electrode is the shape of the linearity that the electrode edge of both sides extends towards described 1st direction,
Described 2nd electrode is the polyline shaped shape of the line segment including at least one-sided electrode edge and described 1st direction oblique,
In described pixel, comprise the line segment of described oblique to delimit pixel edge,
The line segment of described oblique is connected with the 2nd straight line by the 1st straight line extended towards mutually different directions and forms,
There is such relation in described 1st straight line and described 2nd straight line: if they are respectively Xa, Xb towards length during described 1st direction projection, then Xa is more than 3 times of Xb,
Described 1st straight line is greater than 0 ° with described 2nd direction for benchmark is formed and is less than or equal to the angle of 15 ° and oblique.
3. a liquid crystal indicator, described liquid crystal indicator comprises:
1st substrate arranged opposite and the 2nd substrate;
1st electrode, it is arranged in the one side of described 1st substrate, extends towards the 1st direction;
2nd electrode, it is arranged in the one side of described 2nd substrate, extends towards the 2nd direction substantially vertical with the 1st direction; And
The liquid crystal layer of substantially vertical orientation, it is arranged on the one side of the one side of described 1st substrate and described 2nd substrate each other,
Pixel is formed in the region of described 1st electrode and described 2nd electrode crossing,
Towards with almost parallel direction, described 1st direction at least one party's implementation orientation process in described 1st substrate and described 2nd substrate,
Described 1st electrode is the shape of the linearity that the electrode edge of both sides extends towards described 1st direction,
Described 2nd electrode is the polyline shaped shape of the line segment including at least one-sided electrode edge and described 1st direction oblique,
In described pixel, comprise the line segment of described oblique to delimit pixel edge,
The line segment of described oblique is that length each other is roughly equal and the 1st straight line that is that extend towards mutually different directions is connected with the 2nd straight line and forms,
Described 1st straight line and described 2nd straight line are greater than 0 ° with described 2nd direction for benchmark is formed respectively and are less than or equal to the angle of 15 ° and oblique.
4. the liquid crystal indicator according to any one in claims 1 to 3, the line segment of described oblique is configured in the anti-visual recognition direction side in described pixel edge.
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010-241238 | 2010-10-27 | ||
| JP2010-241408 | 2010-10-27 | ||
| JP2010-241386 | 2010-10-27 | ||
| JP2010241238A JP5511626B2 (en) | 2010-10-27 | 2010-10-27 | Liquid crystal display |
| JP2010241386A JP5584091B2 (en) | 2010-10-27 | 2010-10-27 | Liquid crystal display |
| JP2010241408A JP5572061B2 (en) | 2010-10-27 | 2010-10-27 | Liquid crystal display |
| JP2010263294A JP5511640B2 (en) | 2010-11-26 | 2010-11-26 | Liquid crystal display |
| JP2010-263294 | 2010-11-26 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102455549A CN102455549A (en) | 2012-05-16 |
| CN102455549B true CN102455549B (en) | 2015-11-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201110320458.1A Expired - Fee Related CN102455549B (en) | 2010-10-27 | 2011-10-20 | Liquid crystal indicator |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US8842250B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102455549B (en) |
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| KR101359379B1 (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2014-02-07 | 광주과학기술원 | High-sensitivity biosensor using pixel analyses of a CMOS image |
| CN103901647A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-02 | 群康科技(深圳)有限公司 | Display device and liquid crystal display panel |
| CN103018980A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-03 | 信利半导体有限公司 | Wide-viewing-angle liquid crystal display and display method thereof |
| JP6139163B2 (en) * | 2013-02-14 | 2017-05-31 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | Liquid crystal display |
| JP6266899B2 (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2018-01-24 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | Liquid crystal display |
| CN103488005B (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2016-05-25 | 南京中电熊猫液晶显示科技有限公司 | A kind of liquid crystal panel |
| KR102132778B1 (en) | 2013-10-25 | 2020-07-13 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | Liquid crystal display device |
| JP6296900B2 (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2018-03-20 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Array substrate for liquid crystal display device and method for manufacturing array substrate for liquid crystal display device |
| CN105278711A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2016-01-27 | 群创光电股份有限公司 | Touch display device |
| CN105572950A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2016-05-11 | 立景光电股份有限公司 | Silicon-based liquid crystal display device |
| CN104597675A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-05-06 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display substrate and display device |
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| CN1860407A (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2006-11-08 | 东芝松下显示技术有限公司 | Liquid crystal display panels |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20120105786A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
| US8842250B2 (en) | 2014-09-23 |
| CN102455549A (en) | 2012-05-16 |
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