CN102435606A - Method for supporting inspection and identification of line trace by utilizing three-dimensional characteristic data plot - Google Patents
Method for supporting inspection and identification of line trace by utilizing three-dimensional characteristic data plot Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for supporting inspection and identification of a line trace by utilizing a three-dimensional characteristic data plot. The method comprises the steps of: (1) determining the resolution at the time of acquiring data; (2) installing an field physical evidence on a micro three-dimensional data acquisition instrument, and adjusting the position of the surface of which the line trace is to be collected of the field physical evidence; (3) determining acquisition times of the three-dimensional data and a photo of the line trace, acquiring, numbering and storing in a computer; (4) processing the three-dimensional data by utilizing routine data processing software to obtain a point cloud, and further acquiring multiple three-dimensional characteristic data plots from the point cloud; (5) expressing the data plots on a display of the computer; (6) producing a comparison sample, carrying out steps (1) to (5) on the comparison sample to obtain a photo, a three-dimensional characteristic data plot and a corresponding number of the line trace on the surface of the sample, and storing in the computer; and (7) respectively displaying the three-dimensional characteristic data plots and the photos of the field physical evidence and the comparison sample on the display of the computer one by one for carrying out inspection and identification. The method has the advantages of high inspection efficiency and accurate inspection conclusion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of three-dimensional feature data and curves of utilizing and support the method that the line trace check is identified.
Background technology
Usually, mostly line trace is to shear, modes such as wiping is drawn, shooting form, and the direction on the vestige surface along acting force forms the vestige lines.
Now; The verification of traces personnel mostly are the two dimension checks of on microscopically or photo, carrying out the trace line bar; To in evidence at the scene and the comparison sample separately light and shade, width and the butt joint situation that links up of lines observe respectively, to make whether the instrument that produces said two line traces is the expert's conclusion of same object.
Said method to the elevation information of lines be infer, estimate, or even ignore.In addition, the formed line trace of some sharp instruments can only be seen baguette on microscope or photo; And the thick lines of being made up of baguette are extremely not obvious, and the width of lines is difficult fixed, highly not quite clear, to such an extent as to when carrying out the lines butt joint; Vertical direction along lines moves, and many places can occur all can be to last result, and this docking site is not unique; Therefore; The verification of traces personnel are difficult to make establishing identity or negative check expert's conclusion, and the error rate of this check authentication method is higher, has directly influenced evidence obtaining work and solving criminal cases.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of three-dimensional feature data and curves of utilizing and supports the method that the line trace check is identified, this method has checkability height, check conclusion advantage accurately.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of three-dimensional feature data and curves of utilizing and support the method that the line trace check is identified, it comprises following processing step:
1) adopt conventional micro-3-D data collection appearance, and according to the kind of line trace, the resolution when confirming image data;
2) evidence at the scene is installed on the micro-3-D data collection appearance; The position on line trace surface to be collected in the adjustment evidence at the scene; Make said line trace surface be vertical position relation with the video camera of micro-3-D data collection appearance and the primary optical axis of its microlens; Perhaps described position relation is controlled in the error range of a permission, and similar line trace will adopt identical or close collection position;
3) according to the concrete condition of evidence at the scene; Confirm the three-dimensional data of said evidence at the scene lines on surface vestige and the times of collection of photo; Operate 2 again) micro-3-D data collection appearance in the step, adopt the routine data acquisition software in the micro-3-D data collection appearance, gather three-dimensional data and also number respectively with photo; Then, respectively be kept in computing machine with the form of file above-mentioned three-dimensional data and photo;
4) utilize conventional data processing software that the three-dimensional data of the evidence at the scene of collection is handled, when handling, acquisition is specially by the point cloud chart that corresponding three-dimensional data points constitutes at every turn:
Shear or wipe at general purpose tool and comprise thick line trace in the point cloud chart of drawing the line trace that forms and attached to the baguette vestige on the thick line trace; In the point cloud chart of bullet surface line trace, comprise one crest line vestige and some the thick line traces that constitute by little strain line; Utilize above-mentioned data processing software; Vertical line direction according to thick line trace in the point cloud chart is made some vertical lines respectively with certain spacing distance; Extracted each three-dimensional data points of every vertical line successively, and will connect with line segment successively, and then obtained some three-dimensional feature data and curves of the line trace of said line trace surface corresponding site with each three-dimensional data points on the bar vertical line; In addition; During each the processing,, confirm to extract the bar number of three-dimensional feature data and curves based on the situation that each point cloud chart center line bar changes; And number successively based on the position of some three-dimensional feature data and curves on point cloud chart, be kept at three-dimensional feature data and curves corresponding in the computer in the lump to be numbered filename then with it;
5) utilize conventional software that the three-dimensional feature data and curves is handled, be accredited as precondition, the three-dimensional feature data and curves is expressed on the display of computing machine with convenient check;
6) related request of identifying by check is made the comparison sample, and this sample is repeated 1) to 5) step, photo, three-dimensional feature data and curves and the above two that obtain this sample surface line trace are corresponding numbers separately, is stored in respectively to be equipped with inspection in the computing machine;
7) with the evaluation of on the display of computing machine, testing one by one respectively of three-dimensional feature data and curves and the photo of evidence at the scene, comparison sample.
For can concise description for the purpose of the problem, below the method for utilizing the three-dimensional feature data and curves to support the line trace check to identify according to the invention be all abbreviated as this method.
The present invention adopts conventional micro-3-D data collection appearance and data acquisition software; The line trace on evidence at the scene surface is carried out the collection of three-dimensional data and photo and they are kept in the computing machine; Then utilize conventional data processing software that the three-dimensional data of the evidence at the scene of collection is handled; Obtain point cloud chart and obtain the three-dimensional feature data and curves, and they are kept in the computing machine through point cloud chart; Adopt said method again, obtain comparing three-dimensional data, photo, the three-dimensional feature data and curves of the line trace of sample surface, and they are kept in the computing machine; At last, to the evaluation of on the display of computing machine, testing one by one respectively of three-dimensional feature data and curves and the photo of evidence at the scene, comparison sample.
The three-dimensional feature data and curves can true, objective, accurately reflect the microscopic pattern characteristic of line trace; Can accurately show the position relation between the relation of the position between thick lines, thick lines and baguette, the position relation between baguette in the line trace; More crucial is; For the characteristic and the mutual relationship (as: height of lines, width, mutual distance, mutual information such as the discrepancy in elevation) of the thick lines of line trace, medium lines, baguette, can accurately be identified and accurately reflection with the respective digital in the three-dimensional feature data and curves.
The present invention utilizes the three-dimensional feature data and curves to the line trace evaluation of testing; Overcome the defective of only line trace being tested and identifying in the prior art, made the reviewer realize the rational faculty consciousness that rises to digitizing, informationization, electronization by the perception of inferring, estimating, in other words the check of line trace with two dimensional image; Utilize height, width, distance, the mutual alignment digital information of the line trace that is comprised in the three-dimensional feature data and curves to compare; And utilize the photo performance to reflect the card effect, like this, reduced the difficulty that check is identified; Solved the difficult problem of line trace comparison; Guaranteed the correctness of check expert's conclusion, improved the efficient that check is identified, excellent popularization using value and market outlook have been arranged.
This method is scientific, rapid and accurate, directly perceived, simple, and this method is to check sublating of authentication method to having now, can predict, and this method is the developing direction that the line trace check is identified.
In sum, this method has checkability height, check conclusion advantage accurately.
In the method:
1) conventional micro-3-D data collection appearance described in the step is any in micro-optical grating projection 3-D data collection device, laser harvester, the probe-type measurement harvester;
Said resolution will confirm according to the kind of the instrument that forms line trace, and the line trace that clamp, cut, cutter, screwdriver etc. forms is with 4 microns resolution; Line trace on the bullet is with 2.75 to 3 microns resolution;
When micro-3-D data collection appearance adopts micro-optical grating projection 3-D data collection device; Resolution for 4 microns; Its collection standard is following: require to gather area and be controlled at 2.2 * 3 square millimeters and contain the data message of 420,000 three-dimensional data points at least, require 1 mm length to gather the three-dimensional data of 250 three-dimensional data points; For 2.75 microns resolution, its collection standard is following: require to gather area and be controlled at 1.5 * 2.1 square millimeters and contain the data message of 420,000 three-dimensional data points at least, require 1 mm length to gather the three-dimensional data of 363 three-dimensional data points;
When micro-3-D data collection appearance adopted laser harvester or probe-type to measure harvester, for 4 microns resolution, its collection standard was following: require 1 mm length to gather the three-dimensional data of 250 three-dimensional data points; For 2.75 microns resolution, its collection standard is following: require 1 mm length to gather the three-dimensional data of 363 three-dimensional data points.
2) in the step, when micro-3-D data collection appearance adopts micro-optical grating projection 3-D data collection device, described error range control as follows:
The line trace surface that clamp, cut, cutter, screwdriver etc. forms will be perpendicular to microscopical primary optical axis; And allowing the difference in height of the lip-deep vestige lines of line trace Width to be controlled within 60 microns, the difference in height of said vestige lines length direction is controlled within 150 microns;
On the bullet position on line trace to be collected surface be in bullet bottom time crest line lower extreme point with the upper part; Said position comprises the little strain line zone of time crest line and side thereof, makes the discrepancy in elevation at the same vestige lines head and the tail two ends in the said little strain line zone be no more than 100 microns.
3) the routine data acquisition software described in the step is any in micro-optical grating projection 3-D data collection software, laser harvester 3-D data collection software, the probe-type measurement harvester 3-D data collection software.
4) conventional data processing software described in the step is any in Surface software, the excel spreadsheet lattice software.
5) processing step that utilizes conventional software that the three-dimensional feature data and curves is handled described in the step is:
Utilize conventional software command calculations machine; It is 40 to 200 times processing and amplifying that the distance of each three-dimensional data points of Width of three-dimensional feature data and curves is carried out enlargement factor; It is 800 to 1500 times processing and amplifying that the distance of the short transverse of each three-dimensional data points is carried out enlargement factor; The three-dimensional feature data and curves is made corresponding mobile and angular setting; The morphological feature that makes the three-dimensional feature data and curves obviously, outstanding, and then make the three-dimensional feature data and curves in the proper ratio, suitable position, suitable color be expressed on the display of computing machine;
Said conventional software is any in excel spreadsheet lattice software, the Surface software.
7) check described in the step is identified, comprises following processing step:
A) utilize conventional comparison system software, the keyboard of operational computations machine and cursor are shifted and angular setting to the three-dimensional feature data and curves of evidence at the scene with the comparison sample, and said comparison system software is excel spreadsheet lattice softwares;
B) convex-concave big rise and fall separately on the some three-dimensional feature data and curves in finding a) respectively earlier, each section that shared three-dimensional data points is many; They are respectively the position at thick lines place on the said three-dimensional feature data and curves; The earlier overall similarities and differences of observing more said three-dimensional feature data and curves, the quantity of the section of the local again fluctuating height of observing more said three-dimensional feature data and curves, width, steep slow and big rise and fall, position, just, width, mutual spacing from and the similarities and differences that concern of position;
C) as b) in can reflect the quantity, position of the fluctuating section of thick lines, just, width, mutual spacing from the position relation through relatively finding when similar or identical; The similarities and differences of the narrow setback section on the more said again fluctuating section; As find that said narrow setback section is also identical, the instrument that can obtain producing said two line traces is the comparative result of same object;
As b) described in can reflect the quantity, position of the fluctuating section of thick lines, just, width, mutual spacing from and position relation when having essential difference, the instrument that can obtain producing said two line traces is not the comparative result of same object;
D) utilize photo to reflect and demonstrate,prove and obtain checking expert's conclusion: utilize conventional picture process software; Said picture process software is an Adobe Photoshop picture process software; Vestige lines on the photo of evidence at the scene and comparison sample dock; If the vestige lines of joint coincide, link up, the instrument that can reflect said two line traces of card generation is the check conclusion of same object; Vice versa is accomplished check and is identified.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the photo (photo is numbered Z2) of line trace of the last shear surface of evidence at the scene (aluminum steel) of the embodiment of the invention one;
Fig. 2 after utilizing conventional Surface software that the three-dimensional data that is numbered S2 of the evidence at the scene (aluminum steel) of collection is handled in the embodiment of the invention one, obtains the partial points cloud atlas that is made up of corresponding three-dimensional data points;
Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional feature data and curves that is numbered S2-001 that is obtained on shear surface of evidence at the scene (aluminum steel) shearing end of the embodiment of the invention one, the comparison picture of comparing the three-dimensional feature data and curves that is numbered S2 '-001 that is obtained on shear surface of sample (aluminum steel) shearing end;
Fig. 4 is the photo (photo is numbered Z2 ') of line trace of the last shear surface of comparison sample (aluminum steel) of the embodiment of the invention one;
Fig. 5 utilizes conventional Adobe Photoshop picture process software in the embodiment of the invention one, the local pictures that the photo (photo is numbered Z2) of evidence at the scene (aluminum steel) and vestige lines on the photo (photo is numbered Z2 ') of comparing sample (aluminum steel) are docked;
Fig. 6 is the part (for the part of this bullet rifling photo) of the surperficial line trace photo (photo is numbered Z2002911-1) of the evidence at the scene (bullet) of the embodiment of the invention two;
Fig. 7 is that point cloud chart is amplified in the part that obtains to be made up of corresponding three-dimensional data points after utilizing conventional Surface software that the three-dimensional data that is numbered D2002911-1 of the evidence at the scene (bullet) of collection is handled in the embodiment of the invention two;
Fig. 8 is the three-dimensional feature data and curves that is numbered D2002911-1-001 that is obtained on evidence at the scene (bullet) surface of the embodiment of the invention two, the comparison picture of comparing the three-dimensional feature data and curves that is numbered D2002911 '-4-001 that is obtained on sample (bullet) surface;
Fig. 9 is the part (for the part of this bullet rifling photo) of the surperficial line trace photo (photo is numbered Z2002911 '-4) of the comparison sample (bullet) of the embodiment of the invention two;
Figure 10 utilizes conventional Adobe Photoshop picture process software in the embodiment of the invention two, the local pictures that the photo (photo is numbered Z2002911-1) of evidence at the scene (bullet) and vestige lines on the photo (photo is numbered Z2002911 '-4) of comparing sample (bullet) are docked.
Embodiment
Below can further be well understood to the present invention through embodiment given below.But they are not to qualification of the present invention.
Embodiment one
Utilize the three-dimensional feature data and curves to support the method that the line trace check is identified, it comprises following processing step:
1) enchashment field material evidence; Promptly one to shear the diameter obtain to bench vice be one section aluminum steel (following all call on-the-spot aluminum steel) of 1.5 millimeters, adopts conventional micro-optical grating projection 3-D data collection device, prepares the line trace on the on-the-spot aluminum steel is carried out the collection of three-dimensional data; When confirm gathering three-dimensional data with 4 microns resolution; For 4 microns resolution, its collection standard is following: require to gather area and be controlled at 2.2 * 3 square millimeters and contain the data message of 420,000 three-dimensional data points at least, require 1 mm length to gather the three-dimensional data of 250 three-dimensional data points; Title, address, postcode, the phone of the manufacturer of said micro-optical grating projection 3-D data collection device are respectively: Shenyang is with joining high and new technology company of group; The ability lane is filled No. 18 along the city street in Dadong District east by the Shenyang City, and 110042,024-89700616;
2) on-the-spot aluminum steel is installed on the anchor clamps of micro-optical grating projection 3-D data collection device; Adjust the position on line trace surface to be collected in the on-the-spot aluminum steel; The position relation of primary optical axis of video camera and its microlens of said line trace surface and micro-optical grating projection 3-D data collection device is controlled in the error range of a permission; Described error range is controlled as follows: the line trace surface that bench vice forms will be perpendicular to microscopical primary optical axis; And allowing the difference in height of the lip-deep vestige lines of line trace Width to be controlled within 60 microns, the difference in height of said vestige lines length direction is controlled within 150 microns;
3) shearing end of on-the-spot aluminum steel forms two relative shear surfaces; So confirm that the three-dimensional data of on-the-spot aluminum steel lines on surface vestige and the times of collection of photo are twice; Operate 2 again) micro-optical grating projection 3-D data collection device in the step; Adopt the micro-optical grating projection 3-D data collection software (for the conventional software that carries in this device) in this device, gather three-dimensional data and photo and also number respectively, then; As filename, respectively be kept in computing machine with the form of file above-mentioned three-dimensional data and photo with above-mentioned three-dimensional data, photo numbering separately; The numbering of the three-dimensional data of twice collection is respectively: S1, S2, and the numbering of the photo of twice collection is respectively: Z1, Z2, the photo Z2 of the line trace of a shear surface is referring to Fig. 1 on the on-the-spot aluminum steel, and photo Z1 is not shown;
4) utilize conventional Surface software that the three-dimensional data of the on-the-spot aluminum steel of collection is handled, the title of the manufacturer of said Surface software, address, postcode, phone, fax are respectively: company limited of Microsoft (China), No. 8 capable squares of sharp star, Wangjing, Chaoyang District, Beijing City street Microsoft mansion; 100102; 010-59178888,010-59258588 when handling at every turn; Acquisition is specially by the point cloud chart that corresponding three-dimensional data points constitutes:
After the three-dimensional data that is numbered S2 handled, the partial points cloud atlas of acquisition was referring to Fig. 2, and after the three-dimensional data that is numbered S1 was handled, the point cloud chart of acquisition omitted, not shown;
In the point cloud chart of Fig. 2, comprise thick line trace A; Thick line trace B; Thick line trace C and attached to thick line trace A; Thick line trace B; Baguette vestige on the thick line trace C (the baguette vestige is not marked piece number in Fig. 2); During each the processing; Situation according to lines variation in the point cloud chart; The bar number that confirm to extract three-dimensional feature data and curves (following the three-dimensional feature data and curves is all abbreviated as data and curves) is two; Utilize above-mentioned data processing software; According to thick line trace A in the point cloud chart; Thick line trace B; The vertical line direction of thick line trace C is made vertical line L1 respectively with 0.5 millimeter spacing distance; Vertical line L2; Extracted each three-dimensional data points of every vertical line successively; And will connect with line segment successively with each three-dimensional data points on the bar vertical line; And then obtain two data and curves of the line trace of said line trace surface corresponding site; And number successively according to two positions of data and curves on point cloud chart, be kept at data and curves corresponding in the computer in the lump to be numbered filename then with it;
The method for numbering serial of said data and curves is: data and curves begins from the lines origin or beginning of lines on surface vestige; Direction sorts successively to the lines terminal; Generate three-figure sequence number one by one; Sequence number is placed on the back of numbering of the three-dimensional data of twice collection respectively by horizontal line; As the complete numbering of data and curves, in the lump be kept in computer as the filename and the corresponding data curve of corresponding data curve complete numbering;
By above-mentioned method for numbering serial; Two data and curves that obtained on shear surface of shearing end of on-the-spot aluminum steel be numbered S1-001, S1-002, two data and curves that obtained on another shear surface of the shearing end of on-the-spot aluminum steel be numbered S2-001, S2-002;
5) utilize conventional excel spreadsheet lattice software to data curve S 1-001, data and curves S1-002, data and curves S2-001, data and curves S2-002 carry out convergent-divergent, move, processing such as angular setting; Title, address, postcode, phone, the fax of the manufacturer of said excel spreadsheet lattice software are respectively: company limited of Microsoft (China); No. 8 capable squares of sharp star, Wangjing, Chaoyang District, Beijing City street Microsoft mansion; 100102,010-59178888,010-59258588; Be accredited as precondition with convenient check, four data and curves are expressed on the display of computing machine;
The said processing step that utilizes conventional software that the data curve is handled is:
Utilize excel spreadsheet lattice software instruction computing machine; It is 40 times processing and amplifying that the distance of each three-dimensional data points of Width of said four data and curves is carried out enlargement factor; It is 1000 times processing and amplifying that the distance of the short transverse of each three-dimensional data points is carried out enlargement factor; And then the distance between position, quantity, width, peak and paddy that the peak of four data and curves and paddy are occurred is expressed on the display more highlightedly; Four data and curves are made corresponding mobile and angular setting; The morphological feature that makes four data and curves obviously, outstanding, and then make four data and curves in the proper ratio, suitable position, suitable color be expressed on the display of computing machine;
Data and curves S2-001 is referring to Fig. 3, and data and curves S2-002, data and curves S1-001, data and curves S1-002 are not shown;
6) related request of identifying by check; Make the comparison sample; That is: that vice employing 1); By cutting edge positions different on it, be that 1.5 millimeters aluminum steel is sheared five times to diameter respectively, obtain six sections aluminum steels (the following comparison aluminum steel that all is called); 20 shear surfaces to six sections comparison aluminum steels; Repeat 1 respectively) to 5) step, data and curves, photo and the above two that obtain six sections comparison aluminum steel lines on surface vestiges respectively are corresponding numbers separately, is stored in respectively to be equipped with inspection in the computer;
For the purpose of succinctly clearly saying something; Only provide data and curves, photo and the above two corresponding numbers separately of lines on surface vestige of two shear surfaces of one section comparison aluminum steel same shearing end below; And be stored in them respectively in the computing machine and be equipped with inspection: the numbering of the data and curves that is obtained on said two shear surfaces is respectively: S1 '-001, S1 '-002, S2 '-001, S2 '-002; Data and curves S2 '-001 is referring to Fig. 3; Data and curves S2 '-002, data and curves S1 '-001, data and curves S1 '-002 are not shown; The numbering of the photo of the lines on surface vestige of said two shear surfaces is respectively: Z1 ', Z2 ', photo Z2 ' are referring to Fig. 4, and photo Z1 ' is not shown;
7) with the evaluation of on the display of computing machine, testing one by one respectively of data and curves and the photo of on-the-spot aluminum steel, comparison aluminum steel.
The check of on-the-spot aluminum steel and six comparison aluminum steels is identified and will be carried out seriatim respectively; But; For the purpose of succinctly clearly saying something, only provide on-the-spot aluminum steel below and compare the concrete processing step that aluminum steel can be made the check evaluation of the same conclusion with one of them.
Described check is identified, is comprised following processing step:
A) utilize conventional excel spreadsheet lattice software; The keyboard of operational computations machine and cursor; Four data and curves (their numbering is respectively: S1-001, S1-002, S2-001, S2-002) of on-the-spot aluminum steel and four data and curves (their numbering is respectively: S1 '-001, S1 '-002, S2 '-001, S2 '-002) of comparison aluminum steel are shifted and angular setting, so that on display, find best observation, comparison position;
B) convex-concave big rise and fall separately on four data and curves of four data and curves of on-the-spot aluminum steel and comparison aluminum steel in earlier finding a) respectively, each section that shared three-dimensional data points is many; They are respectively the position at thick lines place on the said data and curves; The earlier overall similarities and differences of observing more said data and curves, the quantity of the section of the local again fluctuating height of observing more said data and curves, width, steep slow and big rise and fall, position, just, width, mutual spacing from and the similarities and differences that concern of position;
C) referring to Fig. 3; Data and curves S2 '-001 with the data and curves S2-001 of on-the-spot aluminum steel and comparison aluminum steel be that example specifies: when the quantity that can reflect the fluctuating section of thick lines in said two data and curves, position, just, width, mutual spacing is from concerning through relatively finding when identical with the position; The similarities and differences of the narrow setback section on the more said again fluctuating section; Find that said narrow setback section is also identical, the instrument that obtains producing said two line traces is same as the comparative result of bench vice, in addition; To b) the middle similarities and differences comparison that remains the corresponding data curve, just give unnecessary details no longer one by one here;
D) utilize photo to reflect and demonstrate,prove and obtain checking expert's conclusion:
For the purpose of clearly demonstrating problem; A horizontal butted line L3 of being convenient to distinguish on-the-spot aluminum steel photo Z2 and comparison aluminum steel photo Z2 ' docking site is set among Fig. 5; The top photo of butted line L3 is the local pictures of on-the-spot aluminum steel photo Z2, and the below photo of butted line L3 is the local pictures of comparison aluminum steel photo Z2 ';
Referring to Fig. 5; Is that example specifies with on-the-spot aluminum steel photo Z2 with comparison aluminum steel photo Z2 ': utilize conventional Adobe Photoshop picture process software; Title, address, postcode, phone, the fax of the manufacturer of said Adobe Photoshop picture process software are respectively: Adobe company China agency, No. one, 9 layer of 0909 Jianguomenwai Dajie of China International Trade Centre's GuoMao Building, 100004; 010-58657700; 010-58657701 docks with the vestige lines of comparing on the aluminum steel photo Z2 ' on-the-spot aluminum steel photo Z2, finds that the vestige lines of joint coincide, links up; The instrument that can reflect said two line traces of card generation is same as the check conclusion of bench vice, accomplishes check and identifies;
Need to prove, on-the-spot aluminum steel photo Z1 is reflected the card process with the butt joint of comparison aluminum steel photo Z1 ', and the card process is reflected in on-the-spot aluminum steel photo and the butt joint that all the other five comparison aluminum steel photos carry out respectively one by one, just give unnecessary details no longer one by one here.
Embodiment two
Utilize the three-dimensional feature data and curves to support the method that the line trace check is identified, it comprises following processing step:
1) enchashment field material evidence; Be that rifle number is a bullet crossing of 2002911 homemade six or four formula pistol shootings (following all be called on-the-spot bullet); Adopt conventional micro-optical grating projection 3-D data collection device; Preparation is carried out the collection of three-dimensional data to the line trace on the on-the-spot bullet, when confirm gathering three-dimensional data with 2.75 microns resolution, for 2.75 microns resolution; Its collection standard is following: require to gather area and be controlled at 1.5 * 2.1 square millimeters and contain the data message of 420,000 three-dimensional data points at least, require 1 mm length to gather the three-dimensional data of 363 three-dimensional data points;
2) on-the-spot bullet is installed on the anchor clamps of micro-optical grating projection 3-D data collection device; Adjust the position on line trace surface to be collected in the on-the-spot bullet; Said line trace surface and the video camera of micro-optical grating projection 3-D data collection device and the primary optical axis of its microlens are controlled in the error range of a permission; The control of described error range is as follows: on the bullet position on line trace surface to be collected be in the inferior crest line lower extreme point in bullet bottom with the upper part; Said position comprises the little strain line zone of time crest line and side (for the left side) thereof, makes the discrepancy in elevation at the same vestige lines head and the tail two ends in the said little strain line zone be no more than 100 microns;
3) four inferior crest line line traces and corresponding little strain line vestige zone are arranged on the on-the-spot bullet; So confirm that the three-dimensional data of on-the-spot bullet surface line trace and the times of collection of photo are four times; Operate 2 again) micro-optical grating projection 3-D data collection device in the step; Adopt the micro-optical grating projection 3-D data collection software (for the conventional software that carries in this device) in this device, gather three-dimensional data and photo and also number respectively, then; As filename, respectively be kept in computing machine with the form of file above-mentioned three-dimensional data and photo with above-mentioned three-dimensional data, photo numbering separately;
The numbering of the three-dimensional data of gathering for four times is respectively: D2002911-1, D2002911-2, D2002911-3, D2002911-4; The numbering of the photo of gathering for four times is respectively: Z2002911-1, Z2002911-2, Z2002911-3, Z2002911-4; The part of one the crest line zone A of on-the-spot bullet surface and the photo (photo is numbered Z2002911-1) of the little strain line area B in left side thereof is referring to Fig. 6, and photo Z2002911-2, photo Z2002911-3, photo Z2002911-4 are not shown;
4) utilize conventional Surface software that the three-dimensional data of the on-the-spot bullet of collection is handled, when handling, acquisition is specially by the point cloud chart that corresponding three-dimensional data points constitutes at every turn:
After the three-dimensional data that is numbered D2002911-1 handled, the partial points cloud atlas of acquisition was referring to Fig. 7.After the three-dimensional data that is numbered D2002911-2, D2002911-3, D2002911-4 handled, the point cloud chart of acquisition omitted, not shown;
In the point cloud chart of Fig. 7, comprise one crest line vestige A " with some the thick line trace B that constitute by little strain line "; During each the processing; Situation according to lines variation in the point cloud chart; The bar number that confirm to extract three-dimensional feature data and curves (following the three-dimensional feature data and curves is all abbreviated as data and curves) is 20, utilizes above-mentioned data processing software, according to thick line trace B in the point cloud chart " the vertical line direction with 0.02 millimeter spacing distance, divide and make vertical line L1, vertical line L2 20 times ..., vertical line L20 (vertical line L1, vertical line L2, vertical line L3 only being shown among Fig. 7; the residue vertical line is not shown); extracted each three-dimensional data points of every vertical line successively, and will connect with line segment successively, and then obtained 20 data and curves of the line trace of said line trace surface corresponding site; and numbered successively, be kept at data and curves corresponding in the computing machine in the lump to be numbered filename then with it according to the position of these data and curves on point cloud chart with each three-dimensional data points on the bar vertical line;
The method for numbering serial of said data and curves is: data and curves is from lines origin or beginning (the being the bullet end) beginning of line trace; Direction sorts successively to lines terminal (being the projectile tail end); Generate three-figure sequence number one by one; Sequence number is placed on the back of the numbering of the three-dimensional data of being gathered respectively by horizontal line; As the complete numbering of data and curves, in the lump be kept in computer as the filename and the corresponding data curve of corresponding data curve complete numbering;
By above-mentioned method for numbering serial, the numbering of 20 data and curves that in the point cloud chart of Fig. 7, obtain be respectively D2002911-1-001 ..., D2002911-1-020 (middle numbering omit);
Respectively obtain a point cloud chart after the three-dimensional data that is numbered D2002911-2, D2002911-3, D2002911-4 handled; In the every bit cloud atlas, can obtain 20 data and curves again; By above-mentioned method for numbering serial; 20 data and curves to obtaining in the every bit cloud atlas are numbered; Be respectively: D2002911-2-001 ..., D2002911-2-020 (middle numbering omit), D2002911-3-001 ..., D2002911-3-020 (middle numbering omit), D2002911-4-001 ..., D2002911-4-020 (middle numbering omit);
Said data and curves is the data and curves that is obtained on the on-the-spot bullet surface;
5) utilize excel spreadsheet lattice software to corresponding per 20 data and curves carry out convergent-divergent respectively, move, processing such as angular setting, be accredited as precondition with convenient check, corresponding per 20 data and curves are expressed on the display of computing machine;
The said processing step that utilizes conventional software that corresponding per 20 data and curves are handled is: utilize excel spreadsheet lattice software instruction computing machine; It is 40 times processing and amplifying that the distance of each three-dimensional data points of Width of corresponding per 20 data and curves is carried out enlargement factor; It is 1000 times processing and amplifying that the distance of the short transverse of each three-dimensional data points is carried out enlargement factor; And then the distance between position, quantity, width, peak and the paddy of the peak of corresponding per 20 data and curves of general and paddy appearance is expressed on the display more highlightedly; Corresponding per 20 data and curves are made corresponding mobile and angular setting; The morphological feature that makes corresponding per 20 data and curves obviously, outstanding, and then make corresponding per 20 data and curves in the proper ratio, suitable position, suitable color be expressed on the display of computing machine;
To be numbered D2002911-1-001 ..., D2002911-1-020 20 data and curves handle respectively after, that data and curves that only will be numbered D2002911-1-001 is shown in Fig. 8, it is not shown in Fig. 8 to remain 19 data and curves;
In addition, to be numbered D2002911-2-001 ..., D2002911-2-020 20 data and curves handle respectively after, described 20 data and curves are not shown in Fig. 8;
To be numbered D2002911-3-001 ..., D2002911-3-020 20 data and curves handle respectively after, described 20 data and curves are not shown in Fig. 8;
To be numbered D2002911-4-001 ..., D2002911-4-020 20 data and curves handle respectively after, described 20 data and curves are not shown in Fig. 8;
6) related request of identifying by check; Make the comparison sample, that is: adopt 1) in that rifle number be 2002911 homemade six or four formula pistols, shooting obtains a bullet (the following comparison bullet that all is called) once more; The comparison bullet is repeated 1) to 5) step; Data and curves, photo and the above two that obtain comparing the bullet surface line trace respectively are corresponding numbers separately, is stored in respectively to be equipped with inspection in the computing machine, is specially:
The numbering of the three-dimensional data of gathering for four times is respectively: D2002911 '-1, D2002911 '-2, D2002911 '-3, D2002911 '-4;
The numbering of the photo of gathering for four times is respectively: Z2002911 '-1, Z2002911 '-2, Z2002911 '-3, Z2002911 '-4; Wherein: one of bullet surface crest line zone A ' of comparison and the little strain line area B in left side thereof ' the part of photo (photo is numbered Z2002911 '-4) referring to Fig. 9, photo Z2002911 '-1, photo Z2002911 '-2, photo Z2002911 '-3 are not shown;
Utilize conventional Surface software that the three-dimensional data of the comparison bullet of four collections is handled respectively; During each the processing; Each obtains a point cloud chart that is made of corresponding three-dimensional data points (totally four point cloud charts; Described point cloud chart is not shown in the accompanying drawings); In the every bit cloud atlas, can obtain 20 data and curves again, be respectively:
Data and curves D2002911 '-1-001 ..., data and curves D2002911 '-1-020 (middle data and curves omit);
Data and curves D2002911 '-2-001 ..., data and curves D2002911 '-2-020 (middle data and curves omit);
Data and curves D2002911 '-3-001 ..., data and curves D2002911 '-3-020 (middle data and curves omit);
And each above-mentioned 20 data and curves are all not shown in Fig. 8;
Data and curves D2002911 '-4-001 ..., data and curves D2002911 '-4-020 (middle data and curves omit), wherein: data and curves D2002911 '-4-001 is referring to Fig. 8, it is not shown in Fig. 8 to remain 19 data and curves;
The data and curves of said data and curves for being obtained on the comparison bullet surface;
7) to the evaluation of on the display of computing machine, testing one by one respectively of data and curves and the photo of on-the-spot bullet, comparison bullet.
The check of 20 data and curves in 20 data and curves in each point cloud chart of on-the-spot bullet and each point cloud chart of comparison bullet identifies and will carry out seriatim respectively that described check is identified, comprised following processing step:
A) utilize conventional excel spreadsheet lattice software; The keyboard of operational computations machine and cursor; To every data and curves in the point cloud chart of on-the-spot bullet respectively with the comparison bullet four point cloud charts in totally 80 data and curves be shifted seriatim and angular setting so that on display, find best observation, the comparison position;
B) convex-concave big rise and fall separately on 80 data and curves of every data and curves of on-the-spot bullet and comparison bullet in earlier finding a) respectively, each section that shared three-dimensional data points is many; They are respectively the position at thick lines place on the said data and curves; The earlier overall similarities and differences of observing more said data and curves seriatim, the quantity of the section of the local again fluctuating height of observing more said data and curves seriatim, width, steep slow and big rise and fall, position, just, width, mutual spacing from and the similarities and differences that concern of position;
C) referring to Fig. 8; Data and curves D2002911 '-4-001 with the data and curves D2002911-1-001 of on-the-spot bullet and comparison bullet is that example specifies: when the quantity that can reflect the fluctuating section of thick lines in said two data and curves, position, just, width, mutual spacing from the position relation through relatively finding when identical; The similarities and differences of the narrow setback section on the more said again fluctuating section; Find that said narrow setback section is also identical, described two data and curves are approaching on form;
In addition; For the data and curves D2002911-1-002 of on-the-spot bullet ..., 19 of data and curves D2002911-1-020(residues) with the comparison of the similarities and differences one by one of 80 data and curves of comparison bullet; For b) in on-the-spot bullet every data and curves of residue and 80 data and curves of comparison bullet the similarities and differences one by one relatively, all give unnecessary details no longer one by one here and represent in the accompanying drawings;
Like this, the instrument that obtains producing said two line traces is the comparative result with leader's rifle;
D) utilize photo to reflect and demonstrate,prove and obtain checking expert's conclusion:
For the purpose of clearly demonstrating problem; A horizontal butted line L6 of being convenient to distinguish on-the-spot bullet photo Z2002911-1 and comparison bullet photo Z2002911 '-4 docking site is set among Figure 10; The top photo of butted line L6 is the local pictures of on-the-spot bullet photo Z2002911-1; The below photo of butted line L6 is the local pictures of comparison bullet photo Z2002911 '-4, and the dot-and-dash line L4 that is provided with among Figure 10, the zone between the L5 are little strain line vestige zone;
Referring to Figure 10; Is that example specifies with on-the-spot bullet photo Z2002911-1 with comparison bullet photo Z2002911 '-4: utilize conventional Adobe Photoshop picture process software; On-the-spot bullet photo Z2002911-1 is docked with the vestige lines of comparing on the bullet photo Z2002911 '-4; The vestige lines of finding joint coincide, link up, and the instrument that can reflect said two line traces of card generation is the check conclusion with leader's rifle, accomplishes check and identifies;
Need to prove; On-the-spot bullet photo Z2002911-1 is reflected the card process with the butt joint of comparison bullet photo Z2002911 '-1, comparison bullet photo Z2002911 '-2, comparison bullet photo Z2002911 '-3; And the butt joint that on-the-spot bullet photo Z2002911-2, on-the-spot bullet photo Z2002911-3, on-the-spot bullet photo Z2002911-4 and comparison bullet photo Z2002911 '-1, comparison bullet photo Z2002911 '-2, comparison bullet photo Z2002911 '-3, comparison bullet photo Z2002911 '-4 carry out respectively one by one reflected the card process, just give unnecessary details no longer one by one here.
In addition, corresponding identical among the hardware that utilizes among the embodiment two, the manufacturer of software and relevant information thereof and the embodiment one.
Need to prove:
1) conventional micro-3-D data collection appearance described in the step also can be any in laser harvester, the probe-type measurement harvester;
Laser harvester (like laser scanning confocal microscopy etc.) has many manufacturer production both at home and abroad; Olympus (China)Co., Ltd. just produces " laser scanning confocal microscopy "; The address of the said firm: No. 10 permanent trading affairs garden, JiuXianQiao Road, Chaoyang District, BeiJing City B12C seat 1-2 floor; Postcode: 100015; Phone: 010-59756116-1701, fax: 010-59756433;
Probe-type is measured harvester has how tame manufacturers produce both at home and abroad; Germany Brooker AXS company limited just produces " probe-type surface profiler "; The address of the said firm: No. 11 wide China Telecom in South Street ,Zhongguangcun ,Beijing Haidian District mansion Room 5201; Postcode 100081, phone: 010-68486946-51, fax: 010-88417855;
3) the routine data acquisition software described in the step also can be any in laser harvester 3-D data collection software, the probe-type measurement harvester 3-D data collection software, and described two softwares are measured the software that carries in the harvester for existing laser harvester, probe-type;
4) conventional data processing software also can be excel spreadsheet lattice software described in the step;
5) conventional software described in the step also can be Surface software etc.
Above-described only is two kinds of embodiments of the present invention.Should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some modification and improvement, these also should be regarded as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. utilize the three-dimensional feature data and curves to support the method that the line trace check is identified, it comprises following processing step:
1) adopt conventional micro-3-D data collection appearance, and according to the kind of line trace, the resolution when confirming image data;
2) evidence at the scene is installed on the micro-3-D data collection appearance; The position on line trace surface to be collected in the adjustment evidence at the scene; Make said line trace surface be vertical position relation with the video camera of micro-3-D data collection appearance and the primary optical axis of its microlens; Perhaps described position relation is controlled in the error range of a permission, and similar line trace will adopt identical or close collection position;
3) according to the concrete condition of evidence at the scene; Confirm the three-dimensional data of said evidence at the scene lines on surface vestige and the times of collection of photo; Operate 2 again) micro-3-D data collection appearance in the step, adopt the routine data acquisition software in the micro-3-D data collection appearance, gather three-dimensional data and also number respectively with photo; Then, respectively be kept in computing machine with the form of file above-mentioned three-dimensional data and photo;
4) utilize conventional data processing software that the three-dimensional data of the evidence at the scene of collection is handled, when handling, acquisition is specially by the point cloud chart that corresponding three-dimensional data points constitutes at every turn:
Shear or wipe at general purpose tool and comprise thick line trace in the point cloud chart of drawing the line trace that forms and attached to the baguette vestige on the thick line trace; In the point cloud chart of bullet surface line trace, comprise one crest line vestige and some the thick line traces that constitute by little strain line; Utilize above-mentioned data processing software; Vertical line direction according to thick line trace in the point cloud chart is made some vertical lines respectively with certain spacing distance; Extracted each three-dimensional data points of every vertical line successively, and will connect with line segment successively, and then obtained some three-dimensional feature data and curves of the line trace of said line trace surface corresponding site with each three-dimensional data points on the bar vertical line; In addition; During each the processing,, confirm to extract the bar number of three-dimensional feature data and curves based on the situation that each point cloud chart center line bar changes; And number successively based on the position of some three-dimensional feature data and curves on point cloud chart, be kept at three-dimensional feature data and curves corresponding in the computer in the lump to be numbered filename then with it;
5) utilize conventional software that the three-dimensional feature data and curves is handled, be accredited as precondition, the three-dimensional feature data and curves is expressed on the display of computing machine with convenient check;
6) related request of identifying by check is made the comparison sample, and this sample is repeated 1) to 5) step, photo, three-dimensional feature data and curves and the above two that obtain this sample surface line trace are corresponding numbers separately, is stored in respectively to be equipped with inspection in the computing machine;
7) with the evaluation of on the display of computing machine, testing one by one respectively of three-dimensional feature data and curves and the photo of evidence at the scene, comparison sample.
2. the three-dimensional feature data and curves of utilizing according to claim 1 is supported the method that the line trace check is identified, it is characterized in that:
1) conventional micro-3-D data collection appearance described in the step is any in micro-optical grating projection 3-D data collection device, laser harvester, the probe-type measurement harvester;
Said resolution will confirm according to the kind of the instrument that forms line trace, and the line trace that clamp, cut, cutter, screwdriver etc. forms is with 4 microns resolution; Line trace on the bullet is with 2.75 to 3 microns resolution;
When micro-3-D data collection appearance adopts micro-optical grating projection 3-D data collection device; Resolution for 4 microns; Its collection standard is following: require to gather area and be controlled at 2.2 * 3 square millimeters and contain the data message of 420,000 three-dimensional data points at least, require 1 mm length to gather the three-dimensional data of 250 three-dimensional data points; For 2.75 microns resolution, its collection standard is following: require to gather area and be controlled at 1.5 * 2.1 square millimeters and contain the data message of 420,000 three-dimensional data points at least, require 1 mm length to gather the three-dimensional data of 363 three-dimensional data points;
When micro-3-D data collection appearance adopted laser harvester or probe-type to measure harvester, for 4 microns resolution, its collection standard was following: require 1 mm length to gather the three-dimensional data of 250 three-dimensional data points; For 2.75 microns resolution, its collection standard is following: require 1 mm length to gather the three-dimensional data of 363 three-dimensional data points.
3. the three-dimensional feature data and curves of utilizing according to claim 1 is supported the method that the line trace check is identified, it is characterized in that:
2) in the step, when micro-3-D data collection appearance adopts micro-optical grating projection 3-D data collection device, described error range control as follows:
The line trace surface that clamp, cut, cutter, screwdriver etc. forms will be perpendicular to microscopical primary optical axis; And allowing the difference in height of the lip-deep vestige lines of line trace Width to be controlled within 60 microns, the difference in height of said vestige lines length direction is controlled within 150 microns;
On the bullet position on line trace to be collected surface be in bullet bottom time crest line lower extreme point with the upper part; Said position comprises the little strain line zone of time crest line and side thereof, makes the discrepancy in elevation at the same vestige lines head and the tail two ends in the said little strain line zone be no more than 100 microns.
4. the three-dimensional feature data and curves of utilizing according to claim 1 is supported the method that the line trace check is identified, it is characterized in that:
3) the routine data acquisition software described in the step is any in micro-optical grating projection 3-D data collection software, laser harvester 3-D data collection software, the probe-type measurement harvester 3-D data collection software.
5. the three-dimensional feature data and curves of utilizing according to claim 1 is supported the method that the line trace check is identified, it is characterized in that:
4) conventional data processing software described in the step is any in Surface software, the excel spreadsheet lattice software.
6. the three-dimensional feature data and curves of utilizing according to claim 1 is supported the method that the line trace check is identified, it is characterized in that:
5) processing step that utilizes conventional software that the three-dimensional feature data and curves is handled described in the step is:
Utilize conventional software command calculations machine; It is 40 to 200 times processing and amplifying that the distance of each three-dimensional data points of Width of three-dimensional feature data and curves is carried out enlargement factor; It is 800 to 1500 times processing and amplifying that the distance of the short transverse of each three-dimensional data points is carried out enlargement factor; The three-dimensional feature data and curves is made corresponding mobile and angular setting; The morphological feature that makes the three-dimensional feature data and curves obviously, outstanding, and then make the three-dimensional feature data and curves in the proper ratio, suitable position, suitable color be expressed on the display of computing machine;
Said conventional software is any in excel spreadsheet lattice software, the Surface software.
7. the three-dimensional feature data and curves of utilizing according to claim 1 is supported the method that the line trace check is identified, it is characterized in that:
7) check described in the step is identified, comprises following processing step:
A) utilize conventional comparison system software, the keyboard of operational computations machine and cursor are shifted and angular setting to the three-dimensional feature data and curves of evidence at the scene with the comparison sample, and said comparison system software is excel spreadsheet lattice softwares;
B) convex-concave big rise and fall separately on the some three-dimensional feature data and curves in finding a) respectively earlier, each section that shared three-dimensional data points is many; They are respectively the position at thick lines place on the said three-dimensional feature data and curves; The earlier overall similarities and differences of observing more said three-dimensional feature data and curves, the quantity of the section of the local again fluctuating height of observing more said three-dimensional feature data and curves, width, steep slow and big rise and fall, position, just, width, mutual spacing from and the similarities and differences that concern of position;
C) as b) in can reflect the quantity, position of the fluctuating section of thick lines, just, width, mutual spacing from the position relation through relatively finding when similar or identical; The similarities and differences of the narrow setback section on the more said again fluctuating section; As find that said narrow setback section is also identical, the instrument that can obtain producing said two line traces is the comparative result of same object;
As b) described in can reflect the quantity, position of the fluctuating section of thick lines, just, width, mutual spacing from and position relation when having essential difference, the instrument that can obtain producing said two line traces is not the comparative result of same object;
D) utilize photo to reflect and demonstrate,prove and obtain checking expert's conclusion: utilize conventional picture process software; Said picture process software is an Adobe Photoshop picture process software; Vestige lines on the photo of evidence at the scene and comparison sample dock; If the vestige lines of joint coincide, link up, the instrument that can reflect said two line traces of card generation is the check conclusion of same object; Vice versa is accomplished check and is identified.
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| CN105674887A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-06-15 | 昆明理工大学 | Characteristic coincidence degree comparison method for onsite defect linear trace |
| CN105674887B (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2019-02-05 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of incomplete linear trace feature registration comparison method in scene |
| CN105844280A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-08-10 | 杨敏 | Method for accurately positioning and extracting lines in line tool trace image |
| CN105844280B (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2019-03-08 | 杨敏 | Lines accurate positioning and extracting method in line tool mark image |
| CN106934345A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2017-07-07 | 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 | Vehicle scar storehouse and its construction method, vehicle scar method for information display and system |
| CN106934345B (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2020-03-27 | 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 | Vehicle flaw library and construction method thereof, and vehicle flaw information display method and system |
| CN106908453A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-06-30 | 中国科学技术大学 | The detection method and detection means of a kind of printed substrate |
| CN107014815A (en) * | 2017-05-30 | 2017-08-04 | 辛翠 | It is quick in identification to determine the method that clamp type tool blade shears position |
| CN109115111A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-01-01 | 中国计量科学研究院 | The Accuracy Assessment of three-dimensional bullet trace measuring instrument |
| WO2022102371A1 (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2022-05-19 | 株式会社デンソー | Object detection device and object detection method |
| JPWO2022102371A1 (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2022-05-19 |
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