CN109990703A - Method and system for dimension detection of prefabricated components - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种预制构件的尺寸检测方法，包括以下步骤：采集预制构件的影像数据；基于影像数据生成预制构件的点云模型；获取预制构件的设计尺寸模型，并将设计尺寸模型与所述点云模型进行配准，获得尺寸分析报告。同时，还提出一种预制构件的尺寸检测系统，包括：数据采集模块，用于采集预制构件的影像数据；点云模型生成模块，用于根据影像数据生成所述预制构件的点云模型；数据分析模块，用于获取预制构件的设计尺寸模型，并将所述设计尺寸模型与所述点云模型进行配准，获得尺寸分析报告。不仅可以快速实现预制构件尺寸精度的评估，而且测量成本大大下降。
The invention discloses a size detection method of a prefabricated component, comprising the following steps: collecting image data of the prefabricated component; generating a point cloud model of the prefabricated component based on the image data; The above point cloud model is registered to obtain the size analysis report. At the same time, a size detection system for prefabricated components is also proposed, including: a data acquisition module for collecting image data of prefabricated components; a point cloud model generation module for generating a point cloud model of the prefabricated components according to the image data; data The analysis module is used to obtain the design size model of the prefabricated component, and register the design size model with the point cloud model to obtain a size analysis report. Not only can the evaluation of the dimensional accuracy of prefabricated components be quickly realized, but also the measurement cost is greatly reduced.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及工程测量领域，具体的说，是一种预制构件的尺寸检测方法及系统。The invention relates to the field of engineering measurement, in particular to a method and system for dimension detection of prefabricated components.
背景技术Background technique
预制构件的质量对整体建筑物的质量与安全有着极大的影响。为了保证预制构件的生产质量，对预制构件的质量进行检测评估尤为重要。当前在预制构件检验方面形成了国家标准《预制混凝土构件质量检验评定标准》GBJ321-90及地方标准《预制混凝土构件质量检验标准》DB11/T 968-2013。主要对模板、钢筋、混凝土、构件和结构性能进行检验,其中预制构件尺寸和表面质量检测为关键检测项目。The quality of prefabricated components has a great impact on the quality and safety of the overall building. In order to ensure the production quality of prefabricated components, it is particularly important to test and evaluate the quality of prefabricated components. At present, the national standard "Quality Inspection and Evaluation Standard for Precast Concrete Components" GBJ321-90 and the local standard "Quality Inspection Standard for Precast Concrete Components" DB11/T 968-2013 have been formed in the inspection of precast components. Mainly to test the performance of formwork, steel bar, concrete, components and structure, among which the size and surface quality of prefabricated components are the key test items.
但是，现有预制构件的质量检测主要是通过人工来完成的，采用尺量、拉线、靠尺、经纬仪、水准仪等方式测量，现场测量效率低下，工作容易发生纰漏，难以满足建筑工业化需求。近年来，三维激光扫描技术在预制构件检测方面得到了一定应用，其大面积、高精度、非接触的数据采集方式一定程度上弥补了传统检测手段的不足。但三维激光扫描的扫描时间较长，而且扫描仪会受视线遮挡影响，需要换站拼接，现场测绘耗时较多，再加上其价格高昂，难以全面普及。However, the quality inspection of the existing prefabricated components is mainly done manually, using rulers, cables, rulers, theodolites, levels, etc. to measure, the on-site measurement efficiency is low, work is prone to mistakes, and it is difficult to meet the needs of construction industrialization. In recent years, 3D laser scanning technology has been applied in the detection of prefabricated components, and its large-area, high-precision, non-contact data acquisition method makes up for the shortcomings of traditional detection methods to a certain extent. However, the scanning time of 3D laser scanning is long, and the scanner will be affected by the line of sight.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种预制构件的尺寸检测方法及系统，以提高预制构件的尺寸的检测效率。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a size detection method and system of a prefabricated component, so as to improve the detection efficiency of the size of the prefabricated component.
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：The technical scheme that the present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:
一种预制构件的尺寸检测方法，包括以下步骤：A size detection method for prefabricated components, comprising the following steps:
采集预制构件的影像数据；Collect image data of prefabricated components;
基于所述影像数据生成所述预制构件的点云模型；generating a point cloud model of the prefabricated component based on the image data;
获取所述预制构件的设计尺寸模型，并将所述设计尺寸模型与所述点云模型进行配准，获得尺寸分析报告。Acquire a design size model of the prefabricated component, and register the design size model with the point cloud model to obtain a size analysis report.
本发明的有益效果是：通过获取所述预制构件的影像数据，并根据所述影像数据获取所述预制构件的点云模型,并将由预制构件点云模型与设计尺寸模型进行对比分析。不仅可以实现预制构件尺寸精度的评估,能有效解决现有的装配式建筑预制构件尺寸检测通过人工来完成的效率低下技术问题，极大提高了现场测量的效率，减少了测量人员的工作量，而且仅通过采集影像数据进行点云模型的获取可以大大降低测量仪器的成本。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: by acquiring the image data of the prefabricated component, and obtaining the point cloud model of the prefabricated component according to the image data, and comparing and analyzing the point cloud model of the prefabricated component and the design size model. It can not only realize the evaluation of the dimensional accuracy of prefabricated components, but also effectively solve the technical problem of low efficiency in the existing prefabricated building prefabricated components dimensional detection done manually, which greatly improves the efficiency of on-site measurement and reduces the workload of the surveyors. Moreover, the acquisition of point cloud models only by collecting image data can greatly reduce the cost of measuring instruments.
在上述技术方案的基础上，本发明还可以做如下改进。On the basis of the above technical solutions, the present invention can also be improved as follows.
进一步地，所述采集预制构件的影像数据，之前包括：Further, before the acquisition of the image data of the prefabricated component, it includes:
在所述预制构件上设置标靶。A target is placed on the prefabricated member.
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是：通过设置所述标靶，并在预设拍摄点中采集所述预制构件的影像数据，使得采集到的所述影像数据能够通过影像建模技术获得完整的三维模型。The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is: by setting the target and collecting the image data of the prefabricated member in the preset shooting point, the collected image data can obtain a complete three-dimensional image through the image modeling technology Model.
进一步地，所述基于所述影像数据生成所述预制构件的点云模型，具体包括：Further, generating the point cloud model of the prefabricated component based on the image data specifically includes:
获取所述标靶的尺寸；obtain the size of the target;
基于所述标靶的尺寸以及所述预制构件的影像数据生成所述点云模型。The point cloud model is generated based on the size of the target and image data of the prefabricated member.
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是：通过获取所述标靶的尺寸，所述点云模型将所述标靶的尺寸作为约束条件生成所述点云模型。使得生成的点云模型尺寸准确。The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is: by obtaining the size of the target, the point cloud model generates the point cloud model using the size of the target as a constraint condition. Make the size of the generated point cloud model accurate.
进一步地，所述获取所述预制构件的设计尺寸模型，并将所述设计尺寸模型与所述点云模型进行配准，获得尺寸分析报告，具体包括：Further, obtaining the design size model of the prefabricated component, and registering the design size model with the point cloud model to obtain a size analysis report, specifically including:
获取所述标靶的坐标信息；obtain the coordinate information of the target;
获取所述预制构件的设计尺寸模型，并基于所述坐标信息将所述设计尺寸模型与所述点云模型进行配准，获得所述尺寸分析报告。Acquiring a design size model of the prefabricated component, and registering the design size model with the point cloud model based on the coordinate information to obtain the size analysis report.
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是：通过获取所述标靶的坐标信息，用于作为所述预制构件点云模型与所述设计尺寸模型的配准的控制点，使得所述设计尺寸模型与所述点云模型能够准确得对比分析。The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is: by obtaining the coordinate information of the target, it is used as a control point for the registration of the point cloud model of the prefabricated component and the design size model, so that the design size model and all The above point cloud model can be accurately compared and analyzed.
进一步地，所述基于所述影像数据生成所述预制构件的点云模型，之后还包括：Further, generating the point cloud model of the prefabricated component based on the image data further includes:
对所述点云模型进行深度处理。Deep processing is performed on the point cloud model.
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是：通过对所述点云模型进行深度处理，包括降噪、优化等，使得获得的点云模型更加准确。The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that the obtained point cloud model is more accurate by performing in-depth processing on the point cloud model, including noise reduction, optimization, etc.
同时，本发明还提出一种预制构件的尺寸检测系统，包括：At the same time, the present invention also proposes a size detection system for prefabricated components, including:
数据采集模块，用于采集预制构件的影像数据；The data acquisition module is used to collect the image data of the prefabricated components;
点云模型生成模块，用于根据所述影像数据生成所述预制构件的点云模型；a point cloud model generation module, configured to generate a point cloud model of the prefabricated component according to the image data;
数据分析模块，用于获取所述预制构件的设计尺寸模型，并将所述设计尺寸模型与所述点云模型进行配准，获得尺寸分析报告。The data analysis module is used to obtain the design size model of the prefabricated component, and register the design size model with the point cloud model to obtain a size analysis report.
进一步地，所述数据采集模块包括标靶，所述标靶设置于所述预制构件上。Further, the data acquisition module includes a target, and the target is arranged on the prefabricated member.
进一步地，所述数据采集模块包括尺寸采集单元，所述尺寸采集单元用于获取所述标靶的尺寸，并将所述标靶的尺寸发送至所述点云模型生成模块。Further, the data acquisition module includes a size acquisition unit, and the size acquisition unit is configured to acquire the size of the target and send the size of the target to the point cloud model generation module.
进一步地，所述数据采集模块包括坐标采集单元，所述坐标采集单元用于采集所述标靶的坐标信息，并将所述坐标信息发送至所述数据分析模块。Further, the data collection module includes a coordinate collection unit, and the coordinate collection unit is configured to collect coordinate information of the target and send the coordinate information to the data analysis module.
进一步地，所述点云模型点云模型生成模块还包括深度处理单元，所述深度处理模块用于对所述点云模型进行深度处理。Further, the point cloud model and point cloud model generation module further includes a depth processing unit, and the depth processing module is configured to perform depth processing on the point cloud model.
本发明的有益效果是：通过所述数据采集模块获取所述预制构件的影像数据，所述点云模型生成模块根据所述影像数据获取所述预制构件的点云模型,所述数据分析模块将由预制构件的点云模型与设计尺寸模型进行对比分析。不仅可以实现预制构件尺寸精度的评估,能有效解决现有的装配式建筑预制构件尺寸检测通过人工来完成的效率低下技术问题，极大提高了现场测量的效率，减少了测量人员的工作量，而且仅通过采集影像数据进行点云模型的获取可以大大降低测量仪器的成本。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the image data of the prefabricated member is acquired by the data acquisition module, the point cloud model generation module acquires the point cloud model of the prefabricated member according to the image data, and the data analysis module will be composed of The point cloud model of the prefabricated component is compared with the design size model. It can not only realize the evaluation of the dimensional accuracy of prefabricated components, but also effectively solve the technical problem of low efficiency in the existing prefabricated building prefabricated components dimensional detection done manually, which greatly improves the efficiency of on-site measurement and reduces the workload of the surveyors. Moreover, the acquisition of point cloud models only by collecting image data can greatly reduce the cost of measuring instruments.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一种预制构件的尺寸检测方法的示意图；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the dimension detection method of a kind of prefabricated component of the present invention;
图2为本发明一种预制构件的尺寸检测系统的结构图。FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a size detection system of a prefabricated component of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图对本发明的原理和特征进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。The principles and features of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.
如图1所示，一种预制构件的尺寸检测方法，包括以下步骤：As shown in Figure 1, a size detection method for prefabricated components includes the following steps:
采集预制构件的影像数据；Collect image data of prefabricated components;
基于所述影像数据生成所述预制构件的点云模型；generating a point cloud model of the prefabricated component based on the image data;
获取所述预制构件的设计尺寸模型，并将所述设计尺寸模型与所述点云模型进行配准，获得尺寸分析报告。Acquire a design size model of the prefabricated component, and register the design size model with the point cloud model to obtain a size analysis report.
需要说明的是，摄影测量的原理就是利用两台或多台摄像机从不同位置对同一目标进行拍摄，通过交会测量原理，即不同位置拍摄时相机的光心与其同名像点组成的射线交于同一空间物点,可以确定物点的三维位置。It should be noted that the principle of photogrammetry is to use two or more cameras to shoot the same target from different positions, through the principle of intersection measurement, that is, when shooting at different positions, the optical center of the camera and the ray composed of the image point of the same name intersect at the same point. The space object point can determine the three-dimensional position of the object point.
因此，采集预制构件的影像数据是在不同位置获取的，具有一定重叠度的多张预制构件的影像数据，基于所述影像数据生成所述预制构件的点云模型是提取并匹配多张影像数据间相同的特征点,通过三维交会的测量方法获取预制构件表面各点的空间位置，从而构建预制构件表面结构和形状的点云模型。Therefore, the image data of the prefabricated component is acquired at different locations, and the image data of multiple prefabricated components with a certain degree of overlap, and the point cloud model of the prefabricated component is generated based on the image data is to extract and match multiple pieces of image data. The same feature points between the two can be obtained by the three-dimensional intersection measurement method to obtain the spatial position of each point on the surface of the prefabricated component, so as to construct a point cloud model of the surface structure and shape of the prefabricated component.
具体地，所述采集预制构件的影像数据，之前包括：Specifically, the acquisition of the image data of the prefabricated component includes:
在所述预制构件上设置标靶。A target is placed on the prefabricated member.
需要说明的是，在所述预制构件上设置标靶，并采集设置了标靶的预制构件的影像数据，而且根据摄影测量的原理在预设拍摄点上采集多张具有一定重叠度的所述预制构件的影像数据。It should be noted that a target is set on the prefabricated member, and the image data of the prefabricated member on which the target is set is collected, and a plurality of said images with a certain degree of overlap are collected at a preset shooting point according to the principle of photogrammetry. Image data for the prefab.
具体地，所述基于所述影像数据生成所述预制构件的点云模型，具体包括：Specifically, generating the point cloud model of the prefabricated component based on the image data specifically includes:
获取所述标靶的尺寸；obtain the size of the target;
基于所述标靶的尺寸以及所述预制构件的影像数据生成所述点云模型。The point cloud model is generated based on the size of the target and image data of the prefabricated member.
需要说明的是，通过获取所述标靶的尺寸，并通过所述尺寸作为所述点云模型的尺寸约束，使得生成的所述点云模型能够具有真实的尺寸信息。It should be noted that, by obtaining the size of the target and using the size as a size constraint of the point cloud model, the generated point cloud model can have real size information.
具体地，所述获取所述预制构件的设计尺寸模型，并将所述设计尺寸模型与所述点云模型进行配准，获得尺寸分析报告，具体包括：Specifically, obtaining the design size model of the prefabricated component, registering the design size model with the point cloud model, and obtaining a size analysis report, specifically includes:
获取所述标靶的坐标信息；obtain the coordinate information of the target;
获取所述预制构件的设计尺寸模型，并基于所述坐标信息将所述设计尺寸模型与所述点云模型进行配准，获得所述尺寸分析报告。Acquiring a design size model of the prefabricated component, and registering the design size model with the point cloud model based on the coordinate information to obtain the size analysis report.
需要说明的是，获取所述标靶的坐标信息，是将所述标靶的坐标作为公共控制点，使得所述设计尺寸模型与所述点云模型以所述公共控制点进行配准，以获得所述尺寸分析报告。获取所述设计尺寸模型可以直接通过云服务器获取所述预制构件的三维模型，也可以通过获取所述预制构件的设计尺寸，然后通过三维建模软件生成三维模型。另外，所述尺寸分析报告为所述预制构件实际的尺寸与所述预制构件的设计尺寸的分析报告，根据所述尺寸分析报告及相关规范所允许的尺寸偏差要求，对预制构件的尺寸精度做出评估。It should be noted that, to obtain the coordinate information of the target, the coordinates of the target are used as the common control point, so that the design size model and the point cloud model are registered with the common control point, so that the Obtain the dimensional analysis report. To obtain the design dimension model, the three-dimensional model of the prefabricated component can be obtained directly through a cloud server, or the design dimension of the prefabricated component can be obtained, and then a three-dimensional model can be generated by using three-dimensional modeling software. In addition, the dimensional analysis report is an analysis report of the actual size of the prefabricated member and the design size of the prefabricated member. out evaluation.
可选地，所述基于所述影像数据生成所述预制构件的点云模型，之后还包括：Optionally, generating the point cloud model of the prefabricated component based on the image data further includes:
对所述点云模型进行深度处理。Deep processing is performed on the point cloud model.
需要说明的是，所述深度处理包括去噪、优化、坐标转换等的数据处理，使得获取的点云模型更加精确。It should be noted that the depth processing includes data processing such as denoising, optimization, and coordinate transformation, so that the acquired point cloud model is more accurate.
如图2所示，本发明还提出一种预制构件的尺寸检测系统，包括：As shown in FIG. 2 , the present invention also proposes a size detection system for prefabricated components, including:
数据采集模块，用于采集预制构件的影像数据；The data acquisition module is used to collect the image data of the prefabricated components;
点云模型生成模块，用于根据所述影像数据生成所述预制构件的点云模型；a point cloud model generation module, configured to generate a point cloud model of the prefabricated component according to the image data;
数据分析模块，用于获取所述预制构件的设计尺寸模型，并将所述设计尺寸模型与所述点云模型进行配准，获得尺寸分析报告。The data analysis module is used to obtain the design size model of the prefabricated component, and register the design size model with the point cloud model to obtain a size analysis report.
具体地，所述数据采集模块包括标靶，所述标靶设置于所述预制构件上。Specifically, the data acquisition module includes a target, and the target is arranged on the prefabricated member.
具体地，所述数据采集模块包括尺寸采集单元，所述尺寸采集单元用于获取所述标靶的尺寸，并将所述标靶的尺寸发送至所述点云模型生成模块。Specifically, the data acquisition module includes a size acquisition unit, and the size acquisition unit is configured to acquire the size of the target and send the size of the target to the point cloud model generation module.
具体地，所述数据采集模块包括坐标采集单元，所述坐标采集单元用于采集所述标靶的坐标信息，并将所述坐标信息发送至所述数据分析模块。Specifically, the data collection module includes a coordinate collection unit, and the coordinate collection unit is configured to collect coordinate information of the target and send the coordinate information to the data analysis module.
可选地，所述点云模型点云模型生成模块还包括深度处理单元，所述深度处理模块用于对所述点云模型进行深度处理。Optionally, the point cloud model and point cloud model generation module further includes a depth processing unit, and the depth processing module is configured to perform depth processing on the point cloud model.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within the range.
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