CN102435311B - Optical fiber bundle spectrometer - Google Patents
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- CN102435311B CN102435311B CN201110264333.1A CN201110264333A CN102435311B CN 102435311 B CN102435311 B CN 102435311B CN 201110264333 A CN201110264333 A CN 201110264333A CN 102435311 B CN102435311 B CN 102435311B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
- G01J3/0218—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using optical fibers
- G01J3/0221—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using optical fibers the fibers defining an entry slit
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/12—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators
- G01J3/18—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators using diffraction elements, e.g. grating
Abstract
The invention discloses an optical fiber bundle spectrometer, which comprises an optical fiber bundle, a dispersion element and an array detector element, wherein an output end of the optical fiber bundle is arranged into an optical slit, is fixedly arranged on an incident light path of the dispersion element, and is directly used as an incident slit of the spectrometer, the energy loss of a sampling optical signal can be greatly reduced, the instrumental sensitivity is greatly improved, as a result, the nonlinearity, the dark noise and the stray light error of the instrument are reduced, and higher measurement accuracy and quicker measurement velocity are obtained. Through orderly arranging a two-dimensional array detector and optical fiber units at the input end and the output end of the optical fiber bundle and connecting a plurality of sets of sub-fiber bundle spectrometer in parallel, the two-dimensional image spectra measurement and multi-purpose spectral measurement can be realized through the optical fiber bundle spectrometer, so the optical fiber bundle spectrometer has the advantages of dispensing with mechanical scanning or switching mechanism, and having quick measurement speed, high precision, flexible configuration, wide application range and the like.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to spectroradiometric measurement field, be specifically related to a kind of optical fiber bundle spectrometer that uses detector array.
[background technology]
Spectroscopy is to measure a kind of technology of ultraviolet, visible, near infrared, infrared band isocandela degree.The range of application of spectral measurement is very extensive, as the measurement of concetration of color measuring, chemical analysis, electromagnetic radiation analysis, light source luminescent and Aero-Space spectral analysis etc.
Optical fiber bundle spectrometer adopts fibre bundle to receive coupled apparatus as light signal conventionally, because it is easy to use, be widely used in the rapid spectrometer that adopts detector array, its ultimate principle is: the fibre bundle being comprised of multifiber is as light signal input element, tested light signal is introduced in spectrometer camera bellows, from the light signal of fibre bundle output terminal first through an entrance slit, through the segment beam of entrance slit, be irradiated to and on dispersion element, carry out light splitting, then dispersed light is converged arrival detector array, by detector array, received and detect, thereby obtain by the spectral information of photometry.Wherein, entrance slit is the requisite critical component of optical fiber bundle spectrometer, and the imaging relations of spectrometer, the spectrum receiving in the pixel of detector array is exactly the filtergram of entrance slit under this spectrum.
Yet, there is following defect in existing optical fiber bundle spectrometer: entrance slit only makes very from a small amount of light of optical fiber or fibre bundle outgoing, to enter participation measurement in spectrometer camera bellows, and the sampling light signal of the overwhelming majority is not participate in measuring, cause the sensitivity of spectrometer lower, this problem seems outstanding especially when measuring the low light level, can bring larger measuring error, and muting sensitivity means that the integral time of detector in measurement is generally longer, also easily bring the larger errors such as non-linear and dark noise simultaneously.
In addition, existing optical fiber bundle spectrometer only can be measured the averaged spectrum information in measured target regional area, function singleness, cannot obtain by one-shot measurement the spectral information of a plurality of targets at all, the spectral power distribution of each point in two-dimensional space for example, be two-dimension spectrum image, or come from the light signal spectral power distribution of different optical sampler.If will must measure with mechanical method point by point scanning with existing fiber bundle spectrometer measurement image spectrum, Measuring Time is quite long, and point by point scanning measurement is very high for the requirement of aiming at, and accurate point by point scanning cost is very high, chronic.Existing image spectrum instrument (high spectrometer) is although can measure two-dimension spectrum image, but neither primary sample realize and to measure, must or line by line scan by scanning mechanism (as the flight of aircraft or spacecraft etc.) pointwise measure or, by switch a series of narrow-band spectrum optical filter on optical path, realize the measurement of two-dimension spectrum image.Several modes, exist cost high equally above, and the problem that Measuring Time is long if the luminous temporal evolution of measured target is very fast, can not obtain accurate spectrum picture at all.
[summary of the invention]
In order to overcome above-mentioned defect of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a kind of highly sensitive, parasitic light and dark noise, optical fiber bundle spectrometer that measuring accuracy is high, simultaneously can also flexible design, realize the measurement functions such as multiband light spectrometer, image spectrum instrument.
For achieving the above object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of optical fiber bundle spectrometer, it is characterized in that: comprise the fibre bundle being formed by multifiber, camera bellows, dispersion element and detector array, described dispersion element and detector array are arranged in camera bellows, fibre bundle is light signal receiving element, or become light signal input element, the input end of fibre bundle is connected with an optical sampling device, the light signal that collection will be measured, the output terminal of fibre bundle is fixedly installed in the input path of dispersion element of camera bellows, in the output terminal of described fibre bundle, comprise two or more fiber units, each fiber unit is comprised of one or more optical fiber, and the optical slits of the fiber unit layout strip of output terminal, entrance slit is not separately set between the output terminal of fibre bundle and dispersion element, optical slits directly becomes the entrance slit of optical fiber bundle spectrometer.
In technical scheme of the present invention, by the layout of fibre bundle output terminal is formed to optical slits, and be fixedly installed in input path, directly become the entrance slit of spectrometer, from the light of optical slits outgoing, can all be coupled to dispersion element, the light signal that enters fibre bundle input end in this process almost all incides on dispersion element, its light energy losses significantly reduces, the light signal that detector array receives significantly strengthens, the sensitivity of optical fiber bundle spectrometer is also corresponding significantly to be strengthened, therefore, linear error and dark noise error also can significantly reduce, overall measurement accuracy significantly improves.
Fibre bundle is comprised of multifiber, and in modern optical fiber technology, the layout of the size of simple optical fiber, shape and multifiber can both be controlled well.In the fibre bundle forming at many optical fiber, the optical fiber of input end and output terminal can be programmed into clear and definite corresponding positioning relation one by one completely on demand, and input end and output terminal comparatively easily layout become the needed shape of any appointment.Fiber unit described in the present invention is orderly division and the coding to optical fiber, the dividing mode of fiber unit is as follows: on the optical slits of fibre bundle output terminal, along seam to fibre bundle being divided into appointment equal portions, each equal portions is called a fiber unit, therefore, an optical fiber can be a fiber unit, or a plurality of optical fiber forms a fiber unit.Must be clear and definite, the fiber unit of the fiber unit of the output terminal in fibre bundle and fibre bundle input end is the position relationship of determining one to one.
As shown in Figure 2, optical slits is rectangle, or is totally rectangle, also allow at two because of easy to process also can do in the arc-shaped.At input end, by fibre bundle can layout the shape of circular or regular polygon or other any appointment, the layout shape of input end can be determined by the sample requirement of measured target.By fibre bundle layout, circular or these shapes of regular polygon are conducive to the layout technique of fibre bundle, are also convenient to receive the luminous energy from sampler, the sensitivity that improves optical fiber bundle spectrometer.
In optical fiber bundle spectrometer of the present invention, described detector array is two-dimensional array detector, the optical slits of described fibre bundle output terminal is rectangle, and the seam of optical slits is to perpendicular with minute light direction of dispersion element, the bidimensional pixel orientation of described detector array respectively with seam to corresponding with minute light direction.Imaging relations, the spectrum receiving in the pixel of detector array is actually the filtergram of entrance slit under this spectrum.Technique scheme makes the bidimensional pixel of detector array can be considered respectively space peacekeeping spectrum dimension, wherein with seam to corresponding be space dimension, corresponding with minute light direction is spectrum dimension.Above-mentioned optical slits is combined by a row fiber unit, and the space dimension coordinate of pixel is corresponding with the fiber unit on optical slits; In spectrum dimension, the coordinate of pixel is corresponding one by one with dispersion wavelength respectively, realizes spectral measurement.
If the averaged spectrum of utilizing technique scheme measurement to enter the light signal of fibre bundle is superimposed by the pixel response with same space dimension coordinate, the sensitivity that can further improve instrument.
If in technique scheme, each fiber unit on optical slits is corresponding one by one with the each point in measured target appointed area, and each root optical fiber ordered arrangement on optical slits, above-mentioned pixel spectra dimension coordinate is corresponding with the spectral distribution of each point phase in measured target, the optical fiber bundle spectrometer of the technical program can be by the spectral power distribution of all each points in space on measured target corresponding to primary sample Quick Measurement fibre bundle output optical slits, it is the image spectrum of measured target, input end shape and the optical sampling device of fibre bundle depended in the image of measured target and region.If optical sampling device is an imaging device, measured target is imaged on the input end surface of fibre bundle, the fiber unit when the input end of fibre bundle is also while being shape of slit layout, as shown in Figure 5, what the optical fiber bundle spectrometer in the technical program was measured is the spectral information of each point in a row or column measured target, as shown in Figure 5; When the input end fiber unit of fibre bundle is arranged into circle, rectangle or other polygon, as shown in Figure 6, what optical fiber bundle spectrometer was measured is the spectrum picture in the corresponding circle of measured target or polygonal region, as shown in Figure 7.The remarkable technical advantage of the spatial image spectral measurement that the technical program realizes is that measuring speed is very fast, does not need to use scanning mechanism.
In technique scheme, described fibre bundle can be the forking fiber beam with two or more input ends, an output terminal, in output terminal, by seam, to the optical fiber of layout, by layout in order, in each input end, before described each input end, identical or different optical sampling device can be set.This technical scheme can make full use of dispersion element and the detector array part of spectrometer, can realize the measurement for different targets simultaneously, significantly reduces and measures cost.By the setting of input end optical sampling device, the optical signal type that each input end gathers and the difference to some extent of originating also, these light signals can be by the layout setting of fibre bundle disposable being input in optical fiber bundle spectrometer, and complete measurement by the pixel with different spaces dimension coordinate.For example, respectively with one integrating sphere of each input end is connected, and a measured light is respectively set in each integrating sphere, passes through the technical program, an optical fiber bundle spectrometer just can be measured the spectrum of a plurality of measured lights simultaneously, and each light source light spectrum can be compared easily; Again for example, all with one large area diffuse transmission plate of all input ends is connected, but join domain is different, by primary sample, measures, and just can access the spectral distribution in this each region of diffuse transmission plate; Each input end can also be connected from different lens imaging devices, each lens imaging device is aimed at different measured targets, by primary sample, measure, optical fiber bundle spectrometer can obtain the image spectrum information apart from a plurality of measured targets of apart from each other simultaneously.
Above-mentioned two-dimensional array detector can be that charge-coupled image sensor (CCD) or photodiode array (PDA) or complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) (CMOS) sensor are as its optoelectronic sensor.
In optical fiber bundle spectrometer of the present invention, fibre bundle can also be the forking fiber beam with an input end and two or more output terminals, light signal enters from the input end of optical fiber, by certain optical fiber layout rule, be transferred to each output terminal, each output terminal is connected with a spectrometer camera bellows, each output terminal and corresponding camera bellows form a sub-optical fiber bundle spectrometer, sub-optical fibre bundle spectrometer is all furnished with a set of dispersion element and detector array, and each fibre bundle output terminal is all fixedly installed in a dispersion element input path in camera bellows, each output terminal layout becomes optical slits, output is coupled light on dispersion element, after light splitting, by detector array, received and measure.In the technical program by forking fiber beam and a plurality of sub-optical fibre bundle spectrometers and connect, measure the light signal of the incident light enter fibre bundle input end simultaneously.
As a kind of technical scheme, the dispersion element in each sub-optical fibre bundle spectrometer is not identical, or the detector array in each sub-optical fibre bundle spectrometer is not identical, or in each sub-optical fibre bundle spectrometer, the position of arranging of dispersion element and detector array is not identical.The object of the technical program is to make the spectral measurement wavelength band of each sub-optical fibre bundle spectrometer different.For example, forking fiber beam has 3 output terminals, the spectral measurement ranges of each connected camera bellows is: 200nm-400nm, 380nm-780nm, 780nm-1650nm, by such setting, make optical fiber bundle spectrometer can measure the spectrum that wavelength coverage span is very large simultaneously, and separate measurement, can significantly reduce parasitic light on different-waveband and the interference of high order spectrum.
As another kind of technical scheme, the measured area of space of above-mentioned and each sub-optical fibre bundle spectrometer is different, by forking fiber beam, the light signal of zones of different is outputed in different sub-optical fibre bundle spectrometers and is measured respectively.The input end of described forking fiber beam and the orderly layout of each output terminal are become assignment graph by orderly layout by the fiber unit stitching to layout in each output terminal in input end; And described detector array in each sub-optical fibre bundle spectrometer is two-dimensional array detector, the seam of each optical slits is to perpendicular with minute light direction of corresponding dispersion element, the two-dimensional direction of each described detector array respectively with seam to corresponding with minute light direction.In the technical program, if optical imaging device is set before fibre bundle input end, measured target is imaged onto on input end, the spectrometer being connected with each fibre bundle output terminal is measured the spectral power distribution of each point in measured target appointed area, i.e. spectrum picture.Described appointed area is determined by the input end of optical sampling device and forking fiber beam and the fiber unit arranged mode of output terminal, for example can adopt following arranged mode: be arranged into the output terminal of optical slits separately corresponding to the row on input end, as shown in Figure 9, or output terminal optical slits separately corresponding to a rectangular area on input end.By integrating the measurement result of each camera bellows, can obtain the spectral power distribution of each point on measured target that input end gathers, i.e. the spectral power distribution of measured target each point in two-dimensional space.The optical fiber bundle spectrometer of the technical program has been realized the function of image spectrum instrument, and realize by a sampled measurements, compare with traditional images spectrometer, the advantage of the technical program is that measuring speed soon, does not need mechanical scanning mechanism to line by line scan; And above-mentioned sampler is connected by fibre bundle with spectral measurement camera bellows, both structurally can be separated, making can be more flexible to the configuration of sampler, compares with conventional images spectrometer, and the application of the technical program can be more extensive.
The above-mentioned optical sampling device arranging before the input end of fibre bundle is can be diversified.
As a kind of technical scheme, above-mentioned optical sampling device can be light-mixing machine, described light-mixing machine is integrating sphere, diffuse reflector or diffuse transmission plate etc., light-mixing machine fully mixes the light signal sending in measured target corresponding region and outputs to the input end of fibre bundle, and what now optical fiber bundle spectrometer was measured is averaged spectrum information.
As another kind of technical scheme, described optical sampling device is the imaging device with optical imaging lens, and the input end of described fibre bundle is positioned on the image planes position of imaging device.Measured target is imaged onto by imaging device on the input end of fibre bundle, and the optical fiber on input end is corresponding one by one to measured target measurement point, so optical fiber bundle spectrometer can be measured image spectrum and the brightness of image spectrum spoke of measured target.
In optical fiber bundle spectrometer of the present invention, the input end of described fibre bundle and the fiber unit of output terminal are corresponding one by one, each fiber unit in output terminal is corresponding along a line or the above pixel of a line of minute light direction with on two-dimensional array detector, and these pixels have identical or close space dimension coordinate.Fiber unit in above-mentioned fibre bundle can be encoded by TT&C software, and by its one-to-one relationship at optic fibre input end and output terminal of TT&C software combing.
The present invention is by becoming optical slits to substitute traditional mechanical entrance slit the output terminal layout of fibre bundle, significantly reduced light signal energy loss, the sensitivity of optical fiber bundle spectrometer is significantly improved, reduce non-linear, dark noise and parasitic light error simultaneously, there is higher measuring accuracy and measuring speed faster.Utilize the orderly layout of input end and the output terminal fiber unit of two-dimensional array detector and fibre bundle, and many covers optical fiber bundle spectrometer and connect, optical fiber bundle spectrometer of the present invention can be realized two dimensional image spectral measurement and many objects spectral measurement, has without advantages such as mechanical scanning or switching mechanism, measuring speed is fast, precision is high, flexible configurations.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of the optical fiber bundle spectrometer of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the fibre bundle arranged mode schematic diagram in embodiment 1.
Accompanying drawing 3 is structural representations of the optical fiber bundle spectrometer of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Accompanying drawing 4 is a kind of fibre bundle arranged mode schematic diagram in embodiment 2.
Accompanying drawing 5 is as the measured target image spectrum instrumentation plan in accompanying drawing 4.
Accompanying drawing 6 is the another kind of fibre bundle arranged mode schematic diagram in embodiment 2.
Accompanying drawing 7 is as the measured target image spectrum instrumentation plan in accompanying drawing 6.
Accompanying drawing 8 is optical fiber bundle spectrometer structural frames schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Accompanying drawing 9 is optical fiber bundle spectrometer structural frames schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 4.
Accompanying drawing 10 is a kind of fibre bundle arranged mode schematic diagram in embodiment 4.
Accompanying drawing 11 is image spectrum instrumentation plans of the measured target in embodiment 4.
1, fibre bundle; 2, camera bellows; 3, dispersion element; 4, detector array; 5, fibre bundle input end; 6, fibre bundle output terminal; 7, sampler; 8, optical slits; 9, fiber optic protection layer; 10, measured target; 11, fiber unit; 12, sub-optical fibre bundle spectrometer.
[embodiment]
Embodiment 1:
The embodiment of the present invention 1 as shown in Figure 1, comprises fibre bundle 1 and spectrometer camera bellows 2, the light signal input element that fibre bundle 1 is optical fiber bundle spectrometer.Optical sampling device in the present embodiment is light-mixing machine 72, and it is input to the input end 5 of fibre bundle 1 after the light signal of measured target is fully mixed, and is transferred in camera bellows 2.In camera bellows, be provided with dispersion element 3 and detector array 4, described dispersion element 3 is flat filed concave grating, and described detector array 4 is CCD.As shown in Figure 2; fibre bundle 1 comprises a plurality of fiber units 11 and fiber optic protection layer 9; the corresponding optical fiber of each fiber unit 11; the input end layout of fibre bundle 1 is circular; in the output terminal 6 of fibre bundle 1, fiber unit 11 is a line arrangement; be arranged into optical slits 8, and be fixedly installed in the input path of dispersion element 3.The entrance slit of dispersion element 3 is no longer separately set in camera bellows 2.Light-mixing machine 72 gathers light signal, and light signal is collected in the circular input end 5 of fibre bundle 1, from the light beam of optical slits 8 outgoing of fibre bundle output terminal 6, be directly coupled to dispersion element 3, by the light beam after dispersion element 3 light splitting, incided on detector array 4, by detector array 4, received and measure.Optical fiber bundle spectrometer described in embodiment 1 is measured the average light spectral power distributions of measured target.
Embodiment 2:
Be illustrated in figure 3 embodiments of the invention 2, optical fiber bundle spectrometer in embodiment 2 comprises imaging device 71, fibre bundle 1 and spectrometer camera bellows 2, in camera bellows 2, be provided with dispersion element 3 and detector array 4, wherein dispersion element 3 is flat filed concave grating, and detector array 4 is two-dimensional array detector.Fibre bundle output terminal 6 in embodiment 2 is arranged into optical slits 8, and the seam of optical slits 8 is to perpendicular with minute light direction of dispersion element 3.In measurement, imaging device 71 is imaged onto measured target 10 on fibre bundle input end 5, and the optical slits 8 of fibre bundle output terminal 6 is coupled to tested light signal on dispersion element 3, after dispersion element 3 light splitting, by two-dimensional array detector 4, is received and measures.In two-dimensional array detector 4 bidimensional pixel arrangement direction respectively with the seam of optical slits 8 to corresponding with minute light direction of dispersion element 3, with minute consistent being called of light direction " spectrum dimension ", the coordinate of spectrum dimension represents with wavelength, from I survey wavelength X
minto maximum detection wavelength X
max; With seam to consistent being called " space dimension ", on space dimension coordinate and optical slits 8, fiber unit 11 is one to one, as shown in Figure 3, from optical slits 8, the light signal of fiber unit 11-1 (shadow representation) outgoing, after dispersion, is received and measures by a row pixel 11-1 (shadow representation) corresponding in two-dimensional array detector.
In the present embodiment, the corresponding optical fiber of a fiber unit 11 in fibre bundle 1, and fiber unit 11 is ordered arrangements, fiber unit 11 layouts of the optical slits 8 of fibre bundle output terminal 6 and fibre bundle input end 5 are clear and definite relations one to one, and by imaging device 71, each fiber unit 11 in fibre bundle input end 5 obtains the light signal of corresponding measurement point imaging on measured target 10.Utilize the TT&C software of optical fiber bundle spectrometer to encode to the fiber unit 11 in fibre bundle 1, and on each fiber unit of combing 11 and measured target 10 corresponding point relation and with two-dimensional array detector 4 on pixel relationship, finally by the space dimension coordinate of two-dimensional array detector 4, can corresponding symbolize the volume coordinate of measured target 10.Fiber unit 11 arranged modes of fibre bundle input end 5 are different, and final measured target 10 regions of measuring are also different to some extent.
Technical scheme 1: as shown in Figure 4, fibre bundle input end 5 is also arranged into shape of slit, fibre bundle input end 5 is corresponding identical with the position of each fiber unit 11 in fibre bundle output terminal 6, chooses a typical optical fiber unit 11-1 in Fig. 4, and by shadow representation out.Imaging device 71 is imaged onto measured target 10 behind fibre bundle input end 5 surfaces, wherein the light signal of a line measured target 10-1 enters fibre bundle input end 5, measured target as shown in Figure 5, light signal by fibre bundle 1 enter measure camera bellows 2 the capable 10-1 of measured target by shadow representation out, wherein the light signal of two shadow representation region 10-1-1 is the typical optical fiber unit 11-1 signal transmission that marks out with shade in Fig. 4, as shown in Figure 3, this light signal finally incides in the pixel of the space dimension coordinate on detector array 4 with identical correspondence by dispersion element 3, the upper represented spectral information of each space dimension is integrated, obtain the image spectrum of the capable 10-1 of measured target.
Technical scheme 2: as shown in Figure 6, fibre bundle input end 5 is also arranged into circle, the position of each fiber unit 11 of fibre bundle input end 5 and output terminal 6 is corresponding one by one.In Fig. 6, choose a typical optical fiber 11-1, and by shadow representation out.Imaging device 71 is imaged onto measured target 10 behind fibre bundle input end 5 surfaces, on measured target 10, the light signal of the 10-1 of corresponding border circular areas enters fibre bundle input end 5, measured target as shown in Figure 7, light signal enter measure camera bellows 2 measured target region 10-1 by shadow representation out, wherein the light signal of two shadow representation region 10-1-1 is the typical optical fiber unit 11-1 signal transmission that marks out with shade in Fig. 6, this light signal finally incides in the pixel of the space dimension coordinate on detector array 4 with identical correspondence by dispersion element 3, obtain the spectral information of this measured target point 10-1-1.The upper represented spectral information of each space dimension is integrated, obtain the two dimensional image spectrum of circular measured target region 10-1.
In embodiment, the quantity of the actual fiber unit 11 in fibre bundle 1 and the pixel in two-dimensional array detector 4 are all much larger than shown in figure.
Embodiment 3:
Be illustrated in figure 8 embodiments of the invention 3.Optical fiber bundle spectrometer in embodiment 3 comprises fibre bundle 1, spectrometer camera bellows 2 and a plurality of integrating sphere 72-1,72-2,72-3.Camera bellows 2 structures in the present embodiment are identical with embodiment 2.Fibre bundle 1 in the present embodiment is for having the forking fiber beam of 3 input ends 5 and an output terminal 6, each input end is connected with an integrating sphere 72, in each integrating sphere 72, all light a measured light 10, therefore each input end 5 has gathered respectively the signal of each measured light 10, and the optical slits 8 Jiang Ge road light signals by fibre bundle output terminal 6 are incorporated into together and in camera bellows 2, carry out spectral measurement.In two-dimensional array detector 4, the corresponding light signal of measuring from different measured lights 10 of the pixel of different spaces dimension, what three kinds of different shadow regions were measured respectively as shown in Figure 8 is the spectral information of three measured lights 10.The present embodiment can be measured the spectral information of Different Light by primary sample.
Embodiment 4:
Be illustrated in figure 9 embodiments of the invention 4.Embodiment 4 is comprised of imaging device 71, n road forking fiber beam 1 and n cover spectral measurement camera bellows 4, and in each camera bellows 2, standard configuration has dispersion element 3 and detector array 4 respectively, and its structure and mode are identical with the camera bellows 2 in embodiment 4.Described n road forking fiber beam 1 has an input end 5 and n output terminal 6, and each output terminal is connected with a camera bellows 2, and each output terminal 6 layout becomes optical slits 8.Be illustrated in figure 9 input end 5 and i the output terminal 6-i of fibre bundle 1.In fibre bundle 1, each output terminal 5 optical slits 8 is corresponding with certain a line on input end 5, the optical slits 8-i of i output terminal is corresponding with the capable 11-i item of the optical fiber marking out with shade on input end as shown in Figure 10, a typical optical fiber unit 11-i-j wherein is also interconnected and is corresponding, in the present embodiment, the every corresponding fiber unit 11 of optical fiber.
Measured target 10 is imaged onto on fibre bundle input end 5 surfaces through imaging device 71, the picture of measured target 10 enters fibre bundle 1 completely, because fibre bundle 1 has passed through above-mentioned orderly layout, the light signal of measured target 10 is transferred to each fibre bundle 1 output terminal 6 in lines, and enter corresponding camera bellows and measure, measuring process in each camera bellows 2 is identical with the technical scheme 1 in embodiment 2, and each camera bellows 2 obtains on measured target 10 spectral information of each point in corresponding row.As shown in figure 11, a line 10-i that measured target 10 use shades mark is by the i road output terminal 6-i transmission shown in Figure 10 and is measured by coupled camera bellows, in figure, with 1 10-i-j on the measured target of two shadow representation, by corresponding fiber unit 11-i-j, transmits.
The measured result of two-dimensional array detector 4 in each camera bellows 2 is integrated, obtain the two dimensional image spectrum of measured target.The principal feature of the two dimensional image spectral measurement that embodiment 4 realizes is: primary sample obtain image spectrum, and measuring speed is exceedingly fast; Do not need mechanical scanning mechanism, alignment precision is high; Sampler 7 is connected by fibre bundle 1 with spectral measurement camera bellows 2, and both are structurally separated, and this optical fiber bundle spectrometer sampling configuration is more flexible, and range of application is wider.
Claims (10)
1. an optical fiber bundle spectrometer, comprise fibre bundle (1), camera bellows (2), dispersion element (3) and detector array (4), it is characterized in that: the input end (5) of described fibre bundle (1) receives optical information, at the front optical sampling device (7) that arranges of fibre bundle (1) input end (5), optical sampling device (7) gathers the light signal of the upper each point of measured target (10), and light signal is collected in fibre bundle (1) input end (5), fibre bundle (1) input end (5) gathers the spectral power distribution of measured target (10) each point in two-dimensional space by primary sample, described dispersion element (3) and detector array (4) are arranged in camera bellows (2), the output terminal (6) of fibre bundle (1) is fixedly installed in the input path of described dispersion element (3), the output terminal (6) of described fibre bundle (1) comprises two or more fiber units (11), and fiber unit (11) layout of output terminal (6) becomes optical slits (8), between the output terminal (6) of fibre bundle (1) and dispersion element (3), entrance slit is not separately set, optical slits (8) directly becomes the entrance slit of optical fiber bundle spectrometer.
2. optical fiber bundle spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the input end (5) of described fibre bundle (1) is arranged into given pattern.
3. optical fiber bundle spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described detector array (4) is two-dimensional array detector, the seam of the optical slits (8) of described fibre bundle output terminal (6) is to perpendicular with minute light direction of dispersion element (3), the bidimensional pixel orientation of described detector array (4) respectively with seam to corresponding with minute light direction.
4. optical fiber bundle spectrometer as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described fibre bundle input end (5) and the fiber unit (11) of output terminal (6) are corresponding one by one, each fiber unit (11) in output terminal (6) is corresponding with upper a line or the above pixel of a line along minute light direction of two-dimensional array detector (4).
5. optical fiber bundle spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fibre bundle (1) is the forking fiber beam with an input end (5), two or more output terminals (6), each output terminal (6) all will be fixedly installed in the input path of dispersion element (3) of a camera bellows (2), and each output terminal (6) layout of fibre bundle (1) becomes optical slits (8), each output terminal (6) and corresponding camera bellows (2) form a sub-optical fiber bundle spectrometer (12).
6. optical fiber bundle spectrometer as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: the dispersion element (3) in each described sub-optical fibre bundle spectrometer (12) is not identical, or the detector array (4) in each sub-optical fibre bundle spectrometer (12) is not identical, or the position of arranging of the middle dispersion element (3) of each sub-optical fibre bundle spectrometer (12) and detector array (4) is not identical.
7. optical fiber bundle spectrometer as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: the layout in order of described fibre bundle input end (5) and each output terminal (6) is become assignment graph by orderly layout by the fiber unit (11) stitching to layout in each output terminal (6) in input end (5); And described detector array (4) in each sub-optical fibre bundle spectrometer (12) is two-dimensional array detector, the seam of each optical slits (8) is to perpendicular with minute light direction of corresponding dispersion element (3), the two-dimensional direction of described each detector array (4) respectively with seam to corresponding with minute light direction.
8. the optical fiber bundle spectrometer as described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: described fibre bundle (1) is the forking fiber beam with two or more input ends (5) and an output terminal (6), in output terminal (6) by seam to the fiber unit (11) of layout by layout in order on each input end (5).
9. the optical fiber bundle spectrometer as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 7, it is characterized in that: in the front setting of fibre bundle input end (5), have the imaging device (71) of optical imaging lens, described fibre bundle input end (5) is positioned on the image planes position of imaging device (71).
10. the optical fiber bundle spectrometer as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 6, is characterized in that: at the front light-mixing machine (72) that arranges of fibre bundle input end (5), described light-mixing machine (72) is integrating sphere, diffuse reflector or diffuse transmission plate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110264333.1A CN102435311B (en) | 2011-09-07 | 2011-09-07 | Optical fiber bundle spectrometer |
| PCT/CN2012/071092 WO2013033982A1 (en) | 2011-09-07 | 2012-02-14 | Optical fibre bundle spectrometer |
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| CN201110264333.1A CN102435311B (en) | 2011-09-07 | 2011-09-07 | Optical fiber bundle spectrometer |
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| CN102435311B true CN102435311B (en) | 2014-05-07 |
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| CN102435311A (en) | 2012-05-02 |
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