CN102429134A - Feed for specific pathogen-free (SPF) chicken in peak laying period and preparation method for feed - Google Patents
Feed for specific pathogen-free (SPF) chicken in peak laying period and preparation method for feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN102429134A CN102429134A CN2011104330863A CN201110433086A CN102429134A CN 102429134 A CN102429134 A CN 102429134A CN 2011104330863 A CN2011104330863 A CN 2011104330863A CN 201110433086 A CN201110433086 A CN 201110433086A CN 102429134 A CN102429134 A CN 102429134A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a feed for specific pathogen-free (SPF) chicken in the peak laying period (daily age of 127-420) and a preparation method for the feed. The feed is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in part by weight: 620 to 640 parts of corn flour, 190 to 210 parts of bean pulp, 15 to 24 parts of wheat bran, 35 to 45 parts of fish meal, 1 to 2 parts of methionine with the purity of 98 percent, 70 to 90 parts of mountain flour, 10 to 14 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 2.5 to 3.5 parts of table salt and 10 parts of premix. Different from the traditional sterilization method, the invention has the advantages that: a Co60 radiation source is adopted for sterilization, and a radiation dose rate and radiation time are strictly limited. The feed for the SPF chicken, which is sterilized by the Co60 radiation source, has small loss of nutritional components, is well sterilized and low in cost, and is suitable for industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chicken feed and preparation method thereof, particularly a kind of feed that is used for SPF kind chicken egg-laying peak and preparation method thereof belongs to field of feed processing.
Background technology
The whole world has millions of agri-scientific researches and technology popularization personnel to be engaged in the research and the production of making the required SPF egg of animal vaccine source, can't find reasonable effective technology to stop the predicament that SPF chicken group support is grown the failure generation but face.
Produce SPF kind egg adopt conventional method for breeding cannot, we know that the breed of SPF chicken needs specific room, equipment and feed; SPF chicken feed is several special processed before feeding, and purpose is exactly the special pathogen of killing in the SPF chicken feed, and then are transported to SPF chicken breed house through specific channel; Not only the SPF chicken comprises all apparatus and poultry raiser etc., all can not bring any special pathogen into the SPF chicken and culture house; The purpose of all these loaded down with trivial details links has only a high-quality and safety of be exactly making international endorsement, does not carry the animal vaccine product of specific pathogen microorganism; Then, according to antibody test level and immunology principle in the animal body, and the vaccine characteristic is in rational time, carry out immunity to animal according to rational vaccine method for using, dosage targetedly; And the quality of vaccine is particularly important; Raw material-SPF egg quality of making the vaccine use is more crucial, and is domestic when paying close attention to the animal vaccine quality, more pays close attention to the nutrition and the processing technology of SPF chicken feed; Particularly determine SPF chicken group support to grow the process of killing and the technology of specific pathogen microorganism in the feed that success or failure play a crucial role; Our country puts into effect Policy Conditions separately for this reason, and the egg of making biovaccine must use international SPF egg, and this also is one of China's biovaccine goods key technology point in line with international standards at first; When the animal vaccine of only in this way producing can really reach the specific aim immunity; Be unlikely to take other specific pathogen microorganisms in the animal vaccine to,, spread the specific pathogen microorganism of carrying because of vaccine to such an extent as to cause in this zoonotic while of immunity; Cause the propagation and the diffusion of other infectious diseases, with the happy life of protection human health and happiness.
At present both at home and abroad the trend of research is to kill the specific pathogen microorganism in the SPF chicken feed with processing technology efficiently; In this processing procedure, avoid destroying the nutritive index in the feed as much as possible; Particularly do not destroy the protein in the feed, the composition of vitamin as far as possible; But this is a vision, and the way in the actual production is when the design feed formula; Add excessive nutriment; The nutriment that particularly in the processed process, is easy to processed operation destruction wants excess to add, and to ensure that feed is easy to the nutritional need that ruined nutriment can satisfy SPF chicken crowd in the pathogenic microbe killing process, brings into play SPF chicken crowd's production performance as far as possible;
Adopting at present the more method of killing special pathogen employing in the SPF kind chicken feed in the world is greatly the high-pressure water vapor sterilization; Pack handy specific Polypropylence Sheet to the good finished feed of production exactly and pack, in the high-pressure chamber of packing into, the feeding water vapour makes it pressure and reaches 4.5 standard atmospheric pressures; Temperature reaches more than 120 degrees centigrade; And keep water vapour to flow, and sterilization time reached more than 45 minutes, and sampling detects under special circumstances then; Can use after guaranteeing not contain special pathogen in the feed; The method is time-consuming, effort, waste resource, but also will need the steam boiler fire coal a large amount of with waste, and coal also will produce pollutant such as waste gas such as a large amount of carbon dioxide and dust and pressure and the pollution very big to environment in combustion process; Simultaneously; Also cause a large amount of losses of nutriment when in utilizing the autoclaved process of water vapour, killing special pathogen, more trouble be and be cause feed humidity and moisture increase and cause the shortening of feed storage time, even cause the growth of mould in the feed and the generation of mycotoxin at high temperature season.
The method that the present invention adopts is the Co that uses atomic energy
60Carry out irradiation; Take certain irradiation dose and exposure time to kill the method for the special pathogen in the feed; The nutritive index of the feed that needs because of SPF kind chicken different life has a long way to go; Feed formula has a long way to go with the feed raw material that need, so kill the needed atomic energy Co of special pathogen in the feed
60Irradiation dose and exposure time gap also very big, so concentrations of nutrient such as multivitamin that in the irradiation process, is easy to lose in the feed and mineral trace element, protein, amino acid, energy and the conventional chicken feed of planting have very big difference.
For this reason, the present invention designs and is fit to the feed formula that egg-laying peak SPF kind chicken is used, according to the atomic energy Co that we adopted
60Irradiation dose and exposure time kill the egg-laying peak SPF kind chicken of feeding behind the special pathogen in the feed and obtain better effects.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is through the nutritional need of the SPF kind chicken (127 ages in days-420 age in days) of analysis-by-synthesis egg-laying peak, the scientific and reasonable feed that has made a kind of SPF of being used for kind chicken egg-laying peak.
A kind of feed that is used for SPF kind chicken egg-laying peak of the present invention; It is characterized in that being made up of each raw material of following weight portion: the content of 620-640 part corn flour, 190-210 part dregs of beans, 15-24 part wheat bran, 35-45 part fish meal, 1-2 part is methionine, 70-90 part stone flour, 10-14 part calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 2.5-3.5 part salt and 10 parts of premixes of 98%; Contain compound vitamin 20kg, grandidierite dimension 200kg, Choline Chloride 200g, imported fish meal 400kg and 200 order zeolite powder 180kg in the described premix wherein per ton, said each raw material mixes the back sterilization and promptly gets.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention; The feed of the described SPF of being used for kind chicken egg-laying peak is made up of each raw material of following weight portion: 633 portions of corn flour, 200 parts of dregs of beans, 20 parts of wheat brans, 40 parts of fish meal, 1.8 parts content are 98% methionine, 80 parts of stone flours, 12.2 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphates, 3 portions of salt and 10 parts of premixes; Contain compound vitamin 20kg, grandidierite dimension 200kg, Choline Chloride 200kg, imported fish meal 400kg and 200 order zeolite powder 180kg in the described premix wherein per ton, said each raw material mixes the back sterilization and promptly gets.
Wherein, preferred, described sterilization is to adopt Co
60Radiographic source irradiation sterilization, irradiation field calibrated error are less than ± 5%, and absorption of sample dosage unevenness is less than 1.2, and radiation dose rate is 25Gy/min, and exposure time is 60 hours.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, feed formula of the present invention and nutritive index are as shown in table 1:
Table 1 egg-laying peak feed formula and nutritive index (127-420 age in days)
Contain compound vitamin 20kg, grandidierite dimension 200kg, Choline Chloride 200kg, imported fish meal 400kg and 200 order zeolite powder 180kg in the described premix wherein per ton.
The present invention also provides a kind of method for preparing said feed; It is characterized in that described each raw material is mixed according to above arbitrary described weight ratio, adopt nylon-polyethylene compound package material to pack every bag of 40KG; Volume is 80cm*40cm*20cm, uses Co
60Radiographic source irradiation sterilization, irradiation field calibrated error are less than ± 5%, and absorption of sample dosage unevenness is less than 1.2; Sample irradiation is during to a half-value dose; The turn-over continued irradiation in the original place, radiation dose rate is 25Gy/min, exposure time 60 hours; To be stored in 20 ± 5 ℃, relative humidity be the indoor of 40-70% to feed behind the irradiation, finishes using in three weeks.
Compared to prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1, feed formula is scientific and reasonable, has satisfied the nutritional need of SPF kind chicken at egg-laying peak greatly, and the SPF kind egg material that the SPF kind chicken of edible feed of the present invention is fed compared to normal diet is higher than height, average egg weight;
2, the present invention adopts atomic energy Co
60Feed is carried out irradiation sterilization, after three weeks, the special pathogen in the feed is detected, testing result is zero;
3, according to atomic energy Co that the present invention adopted
60Irradiation dose and exposure time kill special pathogen in the feed, few to the loss of concentrations of nutrient such as the multivitamin in the feed and mineral trace element, protein, amino acid, energy.
4, the present invention adopts atomic energy Co
60Feed is carried out irradiation sterilization, and simple to operate, convenient, the feed after the sterilization is stored easily, greatly reduces the cost of producing SPF kind chicken feed, can satisfy the demand of large-scale production SPF kind chicken feed.
The specific embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, advantage of the present invention and characteristics will be more clear along with description.But these embodiment only are exemplary, scope of the present invention are not constituted any restriction.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that and down can make amendment with form or replace without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these modifications and replacing all fall in protection scope of the present invention the details of technical scheme of the present invention.
Raw material: (through diameter is the corn flour after 3 millimeters sieve sheet is pulverized to corn flour.), dregs of beans, wheat bran, fish meal, content be 98% methionine, stone flour, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, salt and premix respectively available from the prosperous biotechnology Co., Ltd of herding in the Heilongjiang Province of herding research institute of Heilongjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, premix composition per ton and content are as shown in table 2:
Table 2 premix composition per ton and content:
| 2 ‰ compound vitamins | 2% grandidierite dimension | 50% Choline Chloride | Imported fish meal | 200 order zeolite powders |
| 20kg | ?200kg | 200kg | 400kg | ?180kg |
Embodiment 1
Take by weighing each raw material respectively by weight portion of the present invention: the content of 633kg corn flour, 200kg dregs of beans, 20kg wheat bran, 40kg fish meal, 1.8kg is 98% methionine, 80kg stone flour, 12.2kg calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 3kg salt and 10kg premix, wherein contains compound vitamin 20g, grandidierite dimension 200g, Choline Chloride 200g, imported fish meal 400g and 200 order zeolite powder 180g in every kilogram of described premix.
Each raw material pulverizing of above-mentioned weight is mixed, adopt nylon-polyethylene compound package material to pack, every bag of 40KG, volume are 80cm*40cm*20cm, use Co
60Radiographic source irradiation sterilization, irradiation field calibrated error are less than ± 5%, and absorption of sample dosage unevenness is less than 1.2; Sample irradiation is during to a half-value dose; The turn-over continued irradiation in the original place, radiation dose rate is 25Gy/min, exposure time 60 hours; Behind the irradiation feed be stored in 20 ℃, relative humidity be 50% indoor, finish using in three weeks.
Embodiment 2
Take by weighing each raw material respectively by weight portion of the present invention: the content of 625kg corn flour, 200kg dregs of beans, 15kg wheat bran, 45kg fish meal, 2kg is 98% methionine, 90kg stone flour, 10kg calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 2.5kg salt and 10kg premix, wherein contains compound vitamin 20g, grandidierite dimension 200g, Choline Chloride 200g, imported fish meal 400g and 200 order zeolite powder 180g in every kilogram of described premix.
Each raw material pulverizing of above-mentioned weight is mixed, adopt nylon-polyethylene compound package material to pack, every bag of 40KG, volume are 80cm*40cm*20cm, use Co
60Radiographic source irradiation sterilization, irradiation field calibrated error are less than ± 5%, and absorption of sample dosage unevenness is less than 1.2; Sample irradiation is during to a half-value dose; The turn-over continued irradiation in the original place, radiation dose rate is 25Gy/min, exposure time 60H; Behind the irradiation feed be stored in 20 ℃, relative humidity be 50% indoor, finish using in three weeks.
Embodiment 3
Take by weighing each raw material respectively by weight portion of the present invention: the content of 640kg corn flour, 210kg dregs of beans, 20kg wheat bran, 35kg fish meal, 1kg is 98% methionine, 70kg stone flour, 11kg calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 2.5kg salt and 10kg premix, wherein contains compound vitamin 20g, grandidierite dimension 200g, Choline Chloride 200g, imported fish meal 400g and 200 order zeolite powder 180g in every kilogram of described premix.
Each raw material pulverizing of above-mentioned weight is mixed, adopt nylon-polyethylene compound package material to pack, every bag of 40KG, volume are 80cm*40cm*20cm, use Co
60Radiographic source irradiation sterilization, irradiation field calibrated error are less than ± 5%, and absorption of sample dosage unevenness is less than 1.2; Sample irradiation is during to a half-value dose; The turn-over continued irradiation in the original place, radiation dose rate is 25Gy/min, exposure time 60H; Behind the irradiation feed be stored in 20 ℃, relative humidity be 50% indoor, finish using in three weeks.
Test Example 1
Adopt embodiment 1 described method to prepare 1 batch of feed, be divided into 10 groups, Co
60Week about 10 groups of feeds are carried out the detection of specific pathogen bacterium behind the radiographic source irradiation sterilization respectively, testing result is as shown in table 3.
Table 3Co
60Irradiation sterilization experimental design prescription specific pathogen recall rate
Can find out from The above results, adopt the feed after method of the present invention is sterilized, in the 3rd week after sterilization,, the edible safety that sterilizing methods sterilization of the present invention is thorough, effective, guaranteed SPF kind chicken is described still not by detecting any specific pathogen bacterium.
Test Example 2
In order to contrast each changes of Nutritional Components situation behind the feed predose, the content of nutritional labeling in the feed behind the predose is measured, the result is as shown in table 4.
The nutritive index table of comparisons behind the table 4 feed predose
Test Example 3
Forage feed 127 ages in days-420 age in days that adopts embodiment 1 to prepare is in the SPF kind chicken of egg-laying peak, and the adult livability of egg-laying peak is added up, and the result is as shown in table 5.
Table 5Co
60The irradiation sterilization experimental design prescription egg-laying peak adult livability table of comparisons
Test Example 4
Being used for autoclaved feed formula is specially: 600kg corn flour, 270kg dregs of beans, 20kg fish meal, 1kg content are that 98% lysine, 80kg stone flour, 1.6kg content are 98% methionine, 15kg calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 2.4kg salt and 10kg premix, wherein contain compound vitamin 20g, grandidierite dimension 200g, Choline Chloride 200g, imported fish meal 400g and 200 order zeolite powder 180g in every kilogram of described premix.
High-pressure sterilizing method: pack handy specific Polypropylence Sheet to the good finished feed of production and pack; Pack into then in the high-pressure chamber, the feeding water vapour makes it pressure and reaches 4.5 standard atmospheric pressures, and temperature reaches more than 120 degrees centigrade; And keeping water vapour to flow, sterilization time reached more than 45 minutes.
Adopt autoclaved feed formula and atomic energy irradiation sterilization feed of the present invention to raise 127 ages in days-420 age in days SPF kind chicken respectively; Every group 3000; After feeding 2 months SPF kind chicken is added up at egg-laying peak chicken feed conversion rate; The result is as shown in table 6, adopts the average production performance index of the SPF kind chicken that two groups of DIFFERENT FEED feed as shown in table 7:
The autoclaved feed formula of table 6 and the atomic energy irradiation sterilization experimental design prescription egg-laying peak chicken feed conversion rate table of comparisons
The average production performance index of table 7
Wherein, every of accumulative total goes into to give up laying hen egg yield=full crowd's egg production/go into hen number of house
Test Example 5
Adopt the embodiment of the invention 1 to prepare forage feed SPF kind chicken, parallelly carry out 10 groups, results SPF kind egg carries out the detection of 24 kinds of special pathogens, and testing result is as shown in table 8.
Table 8SPF kind egg 24 special pathogen testing results
Claims (4)
1. feed that is used for SPF kind chicken egg-laying peak; It is characterized in that being made up of each raw material of following weight portion: 620-640 part corn flour, 190-210 part dregs of beans, 15-24 part wheat bran, 35-45 part fish meal, 1-2 part content are methionine, 70-90 part stone flour, 10-14 part calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 2.5-3.5 part salt and 10 parts of premixes of 98%; Contain compound vitamin 20kg, grandidierite dimension 200kg, Choline Chloride 200g, imported fish meal 400kg and 200 order zeolite powder 180kg in the described premix wherein per ton, said each raw material mixes the back sterilization and promptly gets.
2. the feed that is used for SPF kind chicken egg-laying peak as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that being made up of each raw material of following weight portion: 633 portions of corn flour, 200 parts of dregs of beans, 20 parts of wheat brans, 40 parts of fish meal, 1.8 parts of content are 98% methionine, 80 parts of stone flours, 12.2 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphates, 3 portions of salt and 10 parts of premixes; Contain compound vitamin 20kg, grandidierite dimension 200kg, Choline Chloride 200kg, imported fish meal 400kg and 200 order zeolite powder 180kg in the described premix wherein per ton, said each raw material mixes the back sterilization and promptly gets.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 feed is characterized in that described sterilization is to adopt Co
60Radiographic source irradiation sterilization, irradiation field calibrated error are less than ± 5%, and absorption of sample dosage unevenness is less than 1.2, and radiation dose rate is 25Gy/min, and exposure time is 60 hours.
4. a method for preparing each described feed of claim 1-3 is characterized in that described each raw material is mixed according to claim 1 or 2 described weight ratios, adopts nylon-polyethylene compound package material to pack; Every bag of 40KG, volume are 80cm*40cm*20cm, use Co60 radiographic source irradiation sterilization; The irradiation field calibrated error is less than ± 5%, and absorption of sample dosage unevenness is less than 1.2, and sample irradiation is during to a half-value dose; The turn-over continued irradiation in the original place, radiation dose rate is 25Gy/min, exposure time 60 hours; To be stored in 20 ± 5 ℃, relative humidity be the indoor of 40-70% to feed behind the irradiation, finishes using in three weeks.
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| CN104171687A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2014-12-03 | 吉林卓越生物技术有限公司 | SPF breeder cock feed |
| CN104187081A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2014-12-10 | 吉林卓越生物技术有限公司 | Feed for SPF chickens in egg producing period |
| CN106472856A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-03-08 | 中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所 | Animal protein-free feedstuff for SPF kind duck brood time and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104171687A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2014-12-03 | 吉林卓越生物技术有限公司 | SPF breeder cock feed |
| CN104187081A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2014-12-10 | 吉林卓越生物技术有限公司 | Feed for SPF chickens in egg producing period |
| CN104187081B (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2016-08-17 | 吉林卓越生物技术有限公司 | SPF chicken in egg-laying period feedstuff |
| CN106472856A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-03-08 | 中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所 | Animal protein-free feedstuff for SPF kind duck brood time and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102429134B (en) | 2013-05-15 |
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