CN102427306A - Single-phase half-bridge three-level inverter - Google Patents
Single-phase half-bridge three-level inverter Download PDFInfo
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- CN102427306A CN102427306A CN2011103265829A CN201110326582A CN102427306A CN 102427306 A CN102427306 A CN 102427306A CN 2011103265829 A CN2011103265829 A CN 2011103265829A CN 201110326582 A CN201110326582 A CN 201110326582A CN 102427306 A CN102427306 A CN 102427306A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/487—Neutral point clamped inverters
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Abstract
The invention discloses a single-phase half-bridge three-level inverter, which comprises four switch devices, wherein a first switch device, a third switch device and a fourth switch device are connected in series in a DC (direct current) power supply; the first end of the first switch device is connected with the positive end of the DC power supply; the second end of the fourth switch device is connected with the negative end of the DC power supply; the first end of a second switch device is connected with the voltage division midpoint of the DC power supply; the second end of the second switch device is connected with the second end of the third switch device and the first end of the fourth switch device; the second end of the first switch device is connected with the first end of the third switch device and is used as the first output end of the inverter; and the voltage division midpoint of the DC power supply is used as the second output end of the inverter. By utilizing the inverter disclosed by the invention, the loss can be lowered and the conversion efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the voltage transitions technical field, be specifically related to a kind of single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter.
Background technology
Inverter is meant the effect that turns on and off through semiconductor power switch device, direct current energy is converted into a kind of converter of AC energy.In recent years, three-level inverter has obtained in high-power ac motor speed control by variable frequency field using widely owing to have advantages such as output capacity is big, output voltage is high, current harmonic content is little.
Existing single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter topological structure mainly contains two types, is respectively: " 1 " font topological structure and " T " font topological structure.
As shown in Figure 1, be the sketch map of " 1 " font topological structure in the prior art.
In this single-phase semi-bridge inversion device, the electric capacity (being the capacitor C 1 and capacitor C 2 among Fig. 1) that equates through two capacitive reactances of series connection between direct current positive and negative busbar voltage obtains three level: positive bus-bar level, two capacitances in series contact level, negative busbar level.A binding post of single-phase semi-bridge inversion device interchange output is drawn from the contact n of above-mentioned two series capacitances, and another ac output end a point from figure is drawn.
The course of work of this single-phase semi-bridge inversion device is following:
When semiconductor switch pipe T1, T2 conducting, semiconductor switch pipe T3, T4, diode D3, D4, D5, D6 by the time, the level of output node a equals the positive bus-bar level.When the outlet side electric current flowed out to inductance L 1 from a point, diode D1, D2 ended, and current circuit is T1-T2-L1-V
G-L2-C1-T1; When the outlet side electric current flows to a point from L1, diode D1, D2 conducting, current circuit is D2-D1-C1-L2-V
G-L1-D2.
When semiconductor switch pipe T2, T3 conducting, semiconductor switch pipe T1, T4, diode D1, D2, D3, D4 by the time, the level of output node a equals two capacitances in series contact level.When the outlet side electric current flows out to L1 from a point, diode D5 conducting, diode D6 ends, and current circuit is D5-T2-L1-V
G-L2-D5; When the outlet side electric current flows to a point from L1, diode D6 conducting, diode D5 ends, and current circuit is T3-D6-L2-V
G-L1-T3.
When semiconductor switch pipe T3, T4 conducting, semiconductor switch pipe T1, T2, diode D1, D2, D5, D6 by the time, the level of output node a equals the negative busbar level.When the outlet side electric current flows out to L1 from a point, diode D3, D4 conducting, current circuit is D4-D3-L1-V
G-L2-C2-D4; When the outlet side electric current flow to a point from L1, diode D3, D4 ended, and current circuit is T3-T4-C2-L2-V
G-L1-T3.
Can know by the above-mentioned course of work; Four groups of semiconductor switch pipes (T1 and D1 of " 1 " font three-level inverter; T2 and D2, T3 and D3, T4 and D4) maximum voltage that bears is the half the of the total input voltage of direct current; Therefore, can select the less semiconductor switch pipe of rated voltage and then reduce its switching loss.But in this topology, need two clamping diode D5, D6, increased device number and its loss, also increased the on-state loss of semiconductor switch pipe T2, T3 simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 2, be the sketch map of " T " font topological structure in the prior art.
In this single-phase semi-bridge inversion device; The electric capacity (being the capacitor C 1 and capacitor C 2 among Fig. 2) that equates through two capacitive reactances of series connection between direct current positive and negative busbar voltage obtains three level: the positive bus-bar level; Two capacitances in series contact level; The negative busbar level, a binding post of single-phase semi-bridge inversion device interchange output is drawn from the contact n of above-mentioned two series capacitances, and another ac output end a point from figure is drawn.
The course of work of this single-phase semi-bridge inversion device is following:
When semiconductor switch pipe T1, T2 conducting, semiconductor switch pipe T3, T4, D2, D3, D4 by the time, the level of output node a equals the positive bus-bar level.When the outlet side electric current flowed out to inductance L 1 from a point, diode D1 ended, and current circuit is T1-L1-V
G-L2-C1-T1; When the outlet side electric current flows to a point from inductance L 1, diode D1 conducting, current circuit is D1-C1-L2-V
G-L1-D1.
When semiconductor switch pipe T2, T3 conducting, semiconductor switch pipe T1, T4, D1, D4 by the time, the level of output node a equals two capacitances in series contact level.When the outlet side electric current flows out to inductance L 1 from a point, diode D3 conducting, diode D2 ends, and current circuit is T2-D3--L1-V
G-L2-T2; When the outlet side electric current flows to a point from inductance L 1, diode D2 conducting, diode D3 ends, and current circuit is T3-D2-L2-V
G-L1-T3.
When semiconductor switch pipe T3, T4 conducting, semiconductor switch pipe T1, T2, D1, D2, D3 by the time, the level of output node a equals the negative busbar level.When the outlet side electric current flows out to inductance L 1 from a point, diode D4 conducting, current circuit is D4-L1-V
G-L2-C2-D4; When the outlet side electric current flow to a point from inductance L 1, diode D4 ended, and current circuit is T4-C2-L2-V
G-L1-T4.
Can be known that by the above-mentioned course of work maximum voltage that T1, T4 bear in four groups of semiconductor switch pipes of " T " font three-level inverter is the total input voltage of direct current, the maximum voltage that T2, T3 bear is the total input voltage of half direct current.Therefore, increase the switching loss of semiconductor switch pipe T1, T4, but need not two clamping diodes, avoided this part loss.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter to the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, and to reduce loss, improves energy conversion efficiency.
For this reason, the embodiment of the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter is used for converting the direct current of DC power supply output to alternating current, comprising: four switching devices;
First switching device, the 3rd switching device and the 4th switching device in said four switching devices are connected in series between the said DC power supply; Wherein, First end of first switching device connects the anode of said DC power supply, and second end of the 4th switching device connects the negative terminal of said DC power supply; First end of second switch device connects the dividing potential drop mid point of said DC power supply, and second end of second switch device connects second end of the 3rd switching device and first end of the 4th switching device;
Second end of first switching device links to each other with first end of the 3rd switching device and as first output of said inverter, the dividing potential drop mid point of said DC power supply is as second output of said inverter.
Preferably, each switching device includes: switching tube and with the antiparallel diode of said switching tube.
Alternatively, said diode is the inverse parallel diode that separate diode or said switching tube inside carry.
Preferably, the drive signal of said four switching devices is handed over to cut by sinusoidal modulation wave and triangular carrier and is produced.
At the positive half period of said sinusoidal modulation wave, second switch break-over of device, the 4th switching device turn-off, and if the level of said triangular carrier less than the level of said sinusoidal modulation wave, the then first switching device conducting, the 3rd switching device turn-offs; If the level of said triangular carrier is greater than the level of said sinusoidal modulation wave, then first switching device turn-offs, the 3rd switching device conducting;
Negative half-cycle at said sinusoidal modulation wave; First switching device keeps off state, and the 3rd switching device keeps conducting state, and if the level of said triangular carrier greater than said sinusoidal modulation wave the level after reverse; Second switch break-over of device then, the 4th switching device turn-offs; If the level of said triangular carrier is the level after reverse less than said sinusoidal modulation wave, then the second switch device turn-offs, the 4th switching device conducting.
Preferably, said single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter also comprises:
Two dividing potential drop electric capacity are connected in series between the said DC power supply, are used for said DC power supply is carried out dividing potential drop, and the tie point of said two dividing potential drop electric capacity is the dividing potential drop mid point of said DC power supply.
Preferably, the capacitive reactance of said two electric capacity is identical.
Preferably, said single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter also comprises:
Filter circuit is connected between first output and second output of said inverter, is used for the high fdrequency component of the said inverter output of filtering signal.
Preferably, said filter circuit comprises:
Inductance, first end of said inductance connects first output of said inverter, and second end connects AC load or electrical network.
Preferably, said filter circuit also comprises:
Filter capacitor is connected between second output of second end and said inverter of said inductance.
The single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter that the embodiment of the invention provides; Can when the device count that keeps three-level inverter be minimum, reduce the voltage stress of part switching tube, thereby can select small-power semiconductor switch pipe for use; Reduce loss, improve conversion efficiency.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the application embodiment or technical scheme of the prior art; To do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use among the embodiment below; Obviously; The accompanying drawing that describes below only is some embodiment that put down in writing among the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the topological structure sketch map of " 1 " font single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the topological structure sketch map of " T " font single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter in the prior art;
Fig. 3 is the topological structure sketch map of embodiment of the invention single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter;
Fig. 4 is the drive signal sketch map of each switching device in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the current circuit sketch map of embodiment of the invention single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter under first operation mode;
Fig. 6 is the current circuit sketch map of embodiment of the invention single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter under second operation mode;
Fig. 7 is the current circuit sketch map of embodiment of the invention single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter under the 3rd operation mode.
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand the scheme of the embodiment of the invention better, the embodiment of the invention is done further to specify below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and execution mode.
As shown in Figure 3, be a kind of topological structure sketch map of embodiment of the invention single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter.
This single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter is used for converting the direct current of DC power supply output to alternating current, and said DC power supply can be a photo-voltaic power supply, also can be energy-storage battery.
This single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter comprises: four switching devices.
As shown in Figure 3, each switching device comprises: switching tube and with the antiparallel diode of said switching tube.Said switching tube can be the semiconductor switch pipe, such as MOSFET (high voltage metal oxide silicon field effect transistor), IGBT (igbt), IGCT (integrated gate commutated thyristor), IEGT (strengthening the injection grid transistor) etc.Said diode can be the inverse parallel diode that separate diode or said switching tube inside carry.The drain electrode of said switching tube or collector electrode link to each other with the negative electrode of said diode and constitute first end of said switching device, and the source electrode of said switching tube or emitter link to each other with the anode of said diode and constitute second end of said switching device.Certainly, the embodiment of the invention does not limit the type of above-mentioned switching tube, can also be the switching tube of other type.
As shown in Figure 3; First switching device is made up of first switch transistor T 1 and the first diode D1; The second switch device is made up of the second switch pipe T2 and the second diode D2; The 3rd switching device is made up of the 3rd switch transistor T 3 and the 3rd diode D3, and the 4th switching device is made up of the 4th switch transistor T 4 and the 4th diode D4.
Wherein, First switching device, the 3rd switching device and the 4th switching device are connected in series between the said DC power supply; Wherein, first end of first switching device connects the anode of said DC power supply, and second end of the 4th switching device connects the negative terminal of said DC power supply; First end of second switch device connects the dividing potential drop mid point of said DC power supply; In this embodiment; Said dividing potential drop mid point is formed by two dividing potential drop capacitor C 1, C2 that are connected in series between the said DC power supply; Said dividing potential drop mid point is the tie point n of two dividing potential drop capacitor C 1, C2, and second end of second switch device connects second end of the 3rd switching device and first end of the 4th switching device.
Second end of first switching device links to each other with first end of the 3rd switching device and as the first output a of said inverter, the dividing potential drop mid point n of said DC power supply is as second output of said inverter.
In this embodiment, two dividing potential drop capacitor C 1, C2 carry out dividing potential drop to said DC power supply, and its capacitive reactance is identical, to obtain three level, that is: and positive bus-bar level, two capacitances in series contact level, negative busbar level.
Need to prove; In practical application; Can four switching devices in the above-mentioned single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter be integrated into an independent entity, also can above-mentioned dividing potential drop electric capacity and/or filter circuit be used as an autonomous device with said four switching devices.
The modulation system of the inverter of the embodiment of the invention is the unipolar pulse width modulated, and the drive signal of four switching devices is handed over to cut by sinusoidal modulation wave (being modulation signal) and triangular carrier (being carrier signal) and produced, and is as shown in Figure 4.
Wherein, Ug is a sinusoidal modulation wave, and such as 50Hz, Uc is a triangular carrier, like 20KHz.S1, S2, S3 and S4 represent the drive signal of first switching device, second switch device, the 3rd switching device and the 4th switching device, V respectively
AnThe output signal of representing said inverter.
At the positive half period of said sinusoidal modulation wave Ug, second switch device and the 4th switching device drive with power frequency component, and first switching device and the 3rd switching device drive with high-frequency pulse signal.Particularly, as shown in Figure 4, second switch break-over of device, the 4th switching device turn-off, and if the level of said triangular carrier less than the level of said sinusoidal modulation wave, i.e. Uc＜Ug, the then first switching device conducting, the 3rd switching device turn-offs; If the level of said triangular carrier is greater than the level of said sinusoidal modulation wave, i.e. Uc＞Ug, then first switching device turn-offs, the 3rd switching device conducting;
At the negative half-cycle of said sinusoidal modulation wave Ug, first switching device and the 3rd switching device drive with power frequency component, and second switch device and the 4th switching device drive with high-frequency pulse signal.Particularly, as shown in Figure 4, first switching device keeps off state; The 3rd switching device keeps conducting state, and if the level of said triangular carrier greater than said sinusoidal modulation wave the level after reverse, promptly Uc＞-Ug; Second switch break-over of device then, the 4th switching device turn-offs; If the level of said triangular carrier is the level after reverse less than said sinusoidal modulation wave, promptly Uc＜-Ug, then the second switch device turn-offs, the 4th switching device conducting.
Need to prove that above-mentioned high-frequency pulse signal is a pwm pulse signal, such as being the pulse signal in the scope between a few KHZ to tens KHZ.
In practical application, embodiment of the invention single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter also can further comprise: filter circuit, be connected between first output and second output of said inverter, and be used for the high fdrequency component of the said inverter output of filtering signal.
Need to prove, two outputs of above-mentioned inverter, the filter circuit that is promptly connected between node a and the node n can be the L type, LC type, LCL type etc.
As shown in Figure 3, this filter circuit comprises: inductance L, first end of inductance L connect the first output a of said inverter, and second end connects AC load or electrical network V
GAn end.This filter circuit also can further comprise: filter capacitor C; Be connected between the second output n of second end and said inverter of inductance L; Form LC type low pass filter with inductance L, with the high fdrequency component in the said single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter output of the filtering signal.
Embodiment of the invention single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter can be operated in the operation mode of three level, below in conjunction with its course of work of Fig. 3 further explain.
As shown in Figure 5, when first switch transistor T 1, second switch pipe T2 conducting, the 3rd switch transistor T 3, the 4th switch transistor T 4, the second diode D2, the 3rd diode D3, the 4th diode D4 by the time, the level of output node a equals the positive bus-bar level.When the outlet side electric current flowed out to inductance L from node a, the first diode D1 ended, and current circuit is T1-L-V
G-C1-T1; When the outlet side electric current flows to a point from inductance L, the first diode D1 conducting, current circuit is D1-C1-V
G-L-D1.
As shown in Figure 6; When second switch pipe T2,3 conductings of the 3rd switch transistor T; First switch transistor T 1, the 4th switch transistor T 4, the first diode D1, the 4th diode D4 by the time, the level of output node a equals the level of two dividing potential drop capacitor C 1, C2 series connection contact n, i.e. V
Dc/ 2, wherein, V
DcLevel for DC power supply.When the outlet side electric current flows out to L from node a, the 3rd diode D3 conducting, the second diode D2 ends, and current circuit is T2-D3-L-V
G-T2; The outlet side electric current is during from inductance L flows into node a, the second diode D2 conducting, and the 3rd diode D3 ends, and current circuit is T3-D2-V
G-L-T3.
As shown in Figure 7; When second switch pipe T2,3 conductings of the 3rd switch transistor T; First switch transistor T 1, the 4th switch transistor T 4, the first diode D1, the 4th diode D4 by the time, the level of output node a equals the level of two dividing potential drop capacitor C 1, C2 series connection contact n, i.e. V
Dc/ 2, wherein, V
DcLevel for DC power supply.When the outlet side electric current flows out to inductance L from node a, the 3rd diode D3 conducting, the second diode D2 ends, and current circuit is T2-D3-L-V
G-T2; The outlet side electric current is during from inductance L flows into node a, the second diode D2 conducting, and the 3rd diode D3 ends, and current circuit is T3-D2V
G-L-T3.
Can find out that by the above-mentioned course of work embodiment of the invention single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter is compared with existing " 1 " font topology, need not two clamping diodes, has reduced the on-state loss of a switching tube; Compare with existing " T " font topology, device count is identical, and wherein the voltage stress of two groups of switching tubes reduces half, therefore can select small-power semiconductor switch pipe for use, reduces loss, improves conversion efficiency.
More than the embodiment of the invention has been carried out detailed introduction, used embodiment among this paper the present invention set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for help understanding equipment of the present invention; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, the part that on embodiment and range of application, all can change, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter is used for converting the direct current of DC power supply output to alternating current, it is characterized in that, comprising: four switching devices;
First switching device, the 3rd switching device and the 4th switching device in said four switching devices are connected in series between the said DC power supply; Wherein, First end of first switching device connects the anode of said DC power supply, and second end of the 4th switching device connects the negative terminal of said DC power supply; First end of second switch device connects the dividing potential drop mid point of said DC power supply, and second end of second switch device connects second end of the 3rd switching device and first end of the 4th switching device;
Second end of first switching device links to each other with first end of the 3rd switching device and as first output of said inverter, the dividing potential drop mid point of said DC power supply is as second output of said inverter.
2. single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, each switching device includes: switching tube and with the antiparallel diode of said switching tube.
3. single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said diode is the inverse parallel diode that separate diode or said switching tube inside carry.
4. single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the drive signal of said four switching devices is handed over to cut by sinusoidal modulation wave and triangular carrier and produced.
5. single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter according to claim 4 is characterized in that,
At the positive half period of said sinusoidal modulation wave, second switch break-over of device, the 4th switching device turn-off, and if the level of said triangular carrier less than the level of said sinusoidal modulation wave, the then first switching device conducting, the 3rd switching device turn-offs; If the level of said triangular carrier is greater than the level of said sinusoidal modulation wave, then first switching device turn-offs, the 3rd switching device conducting;
Negative half-cycle at said sinusoidal modulation wave; First switching device keeps off state, and the 3rd switching device keeps conducting state, and if the level of said triangular carrier greater than said sinusoidal modulation wave the level after reverse; Second switch break-over of device then, the 4th switching device turn-offs; If the level of said triangular carrier is the level after reverse less than said sinusoidal modulation wave, then the second switch device turn-offs, the 4th switching device conducting.
6. according to each described single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that said single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter also comprises:
Two dividing potential drop electric capacity are connected in series between the said DC power supply, are used for said DC power supply is carried out dividing potential drop, and the tie point of said two dividing potential drop electric capacity is the dividing potential drop mid point of said DC power supply.
7. single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter according to claim 6 is characterized in that the capacitive reactance of said two electric capacity is identical.
8. according to each described single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that said single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter also comprises:
Filter circuit is connected between first output and second output of said inverter, is used for the high fdrequency component of the said inverter output of filtering signal.
9. single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter according to claim 8 is characterized in that, said filter circuit comprises:
Inductance, first end of said inductance connects first output of said inverter, and second end connects AC load or electrical network.
10. single-phase semi-bridge three-level inverter according to claim 9 is characterized in that, said filter circuit also comprises:
Filter capacitor is connected between second output of second end and said inverter of said inductance.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108988672A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-11 | 东北大学 | A kind of six level circuit topological structures for power conversion system |
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Application publication date: 20120425 |