CN102426005B - Automatic measurement device for treewalk growth - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic measurement device for treewalk growth, which realizes that the real-time growth and growing status of treewalk are monitored in real time by virtue of a wireless network node remote monitoring device. The device comprises a device fixing module and a measurement module, wherein the device fixing module fixes the measurement module on a position of a trunk requiring measuring treewalk variation; the measurement module comprises a linear displacement sensor with a spring, a measuring head pulley, a steering pulley, a guide pulley, a non-elastic fine steel wire, a clamp and a connecting part of the measuring head pulley and the linear displacement sensor with the spring; the non-elastic fine steel wire passes through the steering pulley, the guide pulley and the measuring head pulley, and encloses the position requiring measuring the treewalk; two ends of the non-elastic fine steel wire are clamped by virtue of the clamp; and the treewalk growing variation is determined according to the displacement of the linear displacement sensor with the spring.

Description

A kind of self-operated measuring unit of tree-walk growth amount

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of self-operated measuring unit of tree-walk growth amount, be fit to be applied in the research of artificial forest monitoring, plant growth measurement amount and arboreal growth rule aspect, relate in particular to a kind of automatic measurement of live stumpage tree diameter growth quantity real time device.

Background technology

tree-walk is the important factor in arboreal growth, occupy very important status in tree census and the research of arboreal growth rule, and the degree of accuracy of Diameter measure method and convenience are still a problem that is difficult to resolve, some measuring methods also are in the relative present situation that falls behind with device at present, the particularly research of the relation between growth factors and growth mechanism, now also there is no unified final conclusion, this has much relations with the levels of precision of measuring and the simple operation of measuring method, therefore under the condition of not destroying trees, development facilitates Installation and Measurement, simple to operate, the value that the Diameter measure device tool that precision is high is of great significance and studies.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of self-operated measuring unit of tree-walk growth amount, this apparatus structure is reasonable, easy for installation, the reliability of measuring is high, precision is high, realizes real-time measurement, real-time data acquisition, real-time increment and growth conditions by wireless network node remote monitoring device Real-Time Monitoring tree-walk by the self-operated measuring unit of this tree-walk growth amount.

The objective of the invention is: based on the requirement of forestry digitizing and plant growth amount and growth mechanism research, utilize this invention can reach the increment that gathers in real time and monitor tree-walk, for the monitoring of artificial forest tree-walk and investigation and plant physiology research provide reliable data, has prograding for the research of growth factors Relations Among.

For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:

A kind of self-operated measuring unit of tree-walk growth amount comprises device stuck-module and measurement module; Wherein installing stuck-module is fixed in measurement module and needs to measure on the position of tree-walk variable quantity on trunk; Measurement module comprises linear displacement transducer, gauge head head sheave, deflection sheave, leading block, nonelastic seizing wire, dop and the gauge head head sheave and coupling part with the linear displacement transducer of spring with spring; The gauge head head sheave makes gauge head head sheave normal rotation with coupling part with the linear displacement transducer of spring; By this gauge head head sheave with the coupling part of the linear displacement transducer of spring, the displacement of gauge head head sheave is delivered on linear displacement transducer with spring; After nonelastic seizing wire passes through gauge head head sheave, deflection sheave, leading block, nonelastic seizing wire is encircled in needs and is measured on the position of tree-walk,, guarantee to be compressed to preposition with the free end of the linear displacement transducer of spring with nonelastic seizing wire two ends chucking by dop; According to determine the variable quantity of tree-walk growth with the displacement of the linear displacement transducer of spring.

Wherein deflection sheave, leading block are two, two deflection sheavies, leading blocks are symmetrical arranged with respect to the linear displacement transducer with spring, the race central plane of deflection sheave, the race central plane of gauge head head sheave and with the central shaft of the motion bar of the linear displacement transducer of spring all at grade, this plane encircles the trunk cross section of trunk perpendicular to nonelastic seizing wire.

Deflection sheave make nonelastic seizing wire along with the motion of the gauge head head sheave on the linear displacement transducer of spring from perpendicular to the direction transformation in trunk cross section on the trunk cross-wise direction;

After leading block assists nonelastic seizing wire by deflection sheave, level is encircled on trunk, avoids nonelastic seizing wire to deviate from from the race of deflection sheave.

Wherein installing stuck-module comprises: sensor holding card, belt, belt buckle, becket, becket geometrical clamp.

Wherein, the sensor holding card is used for the linear displacement transducer with spring of fixation measuring module, and determines the annexation of nonelastic seizing wire and measurement module; The sensor holding card further comprises: sensor holding card agent structure, deflection sheave locating shaft, leading block locating shaft, deflection sheave abutment sleeve, leading block abutment sleeve, nut, pad, metallic gasket, screw and rubber sheet gasket.

Sensor holding card agent structure is for installation site and the relativeness of determining all parts above the sensor holding card;

Deflection sheave, leading block are fixed on sensor holding card agent structure by deflection sheave locating shaft, leading block locating shaft, deflection sheave abutment sleeve, leading block abutment sleeve and nut and pad respectively.

Deflection sheave locating shaft, leading block locating shaft are used for fixing deflection sheave, leading block by deflection sheave abutment sleeve, leading block abutment sleeve, nut and pad, and the axial location of definite deflection sheave and leading block.

Spacing between deflection sheave locating shaft and leading block locating shaft guarantees the motion mutually noninterfere of deflection sheave and leading block greater than deflection sheave and leading block radius sum separately.

Metallic gasket, screw are used for being arranged on the linear displacement transducer of spring the center section of sensor holding card agent structure; Mounting means is interference fit, by screw is arranged on the screw hole of sensor holding card main part.

Rubber sheet gasket for increasing the self-operated measuring unit of tree-walk growth amount and the maximum static friction force between trunk, is arranged between metallic gasket and screw.

Belt is used for the self-operated measuring unit of whole tree-walk growth amount is fixed in the position that needs to measure the tree-walk variable quantity on trunk; And realize above-mentioned fixing by the fastening of belt buckle.

The belt buckle, being used for assisting belt that the self-operated measuring unit of whole tree-walk growth amount is fixed in needs on trunk to measure on the position of tree-walk variable quantity.

Becket is used for indirect joint belt and measurement module.

The becket geometrical clamp is used for the fixing metal ring, and directly connection metal ring and linear displacement transducer with spring.

2 beckets are installed on 2 becket geometrical clamps separately, and 4 belts are enclosed within respectively on the limit of 4 beckets, and this limit is the opposite side that is arranged on the limit in the becket geometrical clamp; And the free end of the belt that becket is installed is above installed a pair of belt buckle.

By belt and belt buckle, the above-mentioned self-operated measuring unit that installs the tree-walk growth amount partly being installed to needs on trunk to measure on the relevant position of tree-walk variable quantity.

Wherein, the tree-walk conversion formula is to coordinate the self-operated measuring unit of described tree-walk growth amount to use, and the data-switching that will collect from the self-operated measuring unit of described tree-walk growth amount becomes trunk to need to measure the mean value (or perimeter value) of the locational tree-walk of tree-walk variable quantity.

Described tree-walk conversion formula is as follows:

$C_i=2\&times;[\mathrm{\&pi;}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="R"\; filenames="HSA00000614849900101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}}_0+\sqrt{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="K"\; filenames="HSA00000614849900101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_0^2+a^2-4r^2}+\sqrt{{(R_0+\mathrm{\&delta;})}^2-{(R_0-r)}^2}-(R_0-r)(\arccos \frac{R_0-\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="r\; R"\; filenames="HSA00000614849900101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}{R_{}}+$

$\arcsin \frac{a+2r}{R_0+\mathrm{\&delta;}})-2r(\arccos \frac{2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="r\; K"\; filenames="HSA00000614849900101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}{\sqrt{K_{}^{}}}+\arccos \frac{K_0}{\sqrt{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="K"\; filenames="HSA00000614849900101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_0^2+a^2}})-\sqrt{K_i^2+a^2-4r^2}+$

$2r(\arccos \frac{2r}{\sqrt{K_i^2+a^2}}+\arccos \frac{K_i}{\sqrt{K_i^2+a^2}})+(R_{i-1}-r)(\arccos \frac{R_{i-1}-r}{R_{i-1}+\mathrm{\&delta;}}+$

$\arcsin \frac{a+2r}{R_{i-1}+\mathrm{\&delta;}})-\sqrt{{(R_{i-1}+\mathrm{\&delta;})}^2-{(R_{i-1}-r)}^2})]$

Wherein: r is the radius (this formula is applicable to the measure-alike of gauge head head sheave 22, deflection sheave 24 and leading block 25) of pulley, and δ is that the center of leading block 25 on trunk center and leading block 25 lines is to the distance of bark; D=2r is the diameter of pulley; A is half (as accompanying drawing 10,11) of two deflection sheave 24 distances between centers; K _i=K-x _i, be to measure constantly for the i time, the distance of each and every one deflection sheave 24 lines of centres of gauge head head sheave 22 centers to two; x _iFor measuring constantly at the i time, the compressed displacement of gauge head head sheave 22 is the shift value of linear displacement transducer 21; K ₀In the time of for initial the installation, the distance of the line of centres of gauge head head sheave 22 centers to two deflection sheave 24, be K _iThe initial alignment value; R ₀The mean radius value of trunk in the time of for initial the installation; R _iBe the i time measurement moment, the mean radius of tested trunk; C ₀The girth of tested trunk for initial the time is the initial alignment value of trunk girth; C _iBe the i time measurement moment, the girth of tested trunk; π is math constant; Arcsin is the arcsin function symbol; Arccos is the inverse cosine function symbol; In formula, all footmark i are the i time measurement, and all footmark i-1 represent the i-1 time measurement.

When tree-walk changes, be definite value because nonelastic seizing wire 11 length are rear by described dop 12 chuckings, this variation just is directly reflected in the variation of output electric quantity signal value of described linear displacement transducer 21 with spring, the variation of the output electric quantity signal value by monitoring described linear displacement transducer 21 with spring, and this variation is imported in described tree-walk conversion formula, just can see intuitively the mean value of tree-walk.

When the linear displacement transducer 21 with spring reaches full amount or change measurement range according to actual seeds, can unclamp the length that dop 12 readjusts nonelastic seizing wire 11, calibrating parameters, can repeat to continue to measure again.

As from the foregoing, this apparatus structure is reasonable, and is easy for installation, reliability is high, and the precision of measurement is high, changes and growth conditions by direct measurement, data acquisition or the real-time increment by wireless network node remote monitoring tree-walk;

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1: the self-operated measuring unit of tree-walk growth amount is installed stereographic map (not being with belt);

Accompanying drawing 2: the self-operated measuring unit stereographic map of tree-walk growth amount (not being with nonelastic seizing wire);

Accompanying drawing 3: nonelastic seizing wire installation diagram;

Accompanying drawing 4: measurement module structural drawing;

Accompanying drawing 5: the coupling part structure of gauge head head sheave and linear displacement transducer

Accompanying drawing 6: each ingredient of device stuck-module figure;

Accompanying drawing 7: sensor holding card vertical view;

Accompanying drawing 8: sensor holding card axonometric drawing;

Accompanying drawing 9: sensor holding card main structure chart;

Accompanying drawing 10: tree-walk conversion formula principle schematic a;

Accompanying drawing 11: tree-walk conversion formula principle schematic b;

Embodiment

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, describe the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

A kind of self-operated measuring unit of tree-walk growth amount is provided in the embodiment of the present invention, comprises device stuck-module and measurement module; Wherein installing stuck-module is fixed in measurement module and needs to measure on the position of tree-walk variable quantity on trunk; Measurement module comprises linear displacement transducer, gauge head head sheave, deflection sheave, leading block, nonelastic seizing wire, dop and the gauge head head sheave and coupling part with the linear displacement transducer of spring with spring; The gauge head head sheave makes gauge head head sheave normal rotation with coupling part with the linear displacement transducer of spring; By this gauge head head sheave with the coupling part of the linear displacement transducer of spring, the displacement of gauge head head sheave is delivered on linear displacement transducer with spring; Nonelastic seizing wire is by after gauge head head sheave, deflection sheave and leading block, nonelastic seizing wire is encircled in needs and is measured on the position of tree-walk,, guarantee to be compressed to preposition with the free end of the linear displacement transducer of spring with nonelastic seizing wire two ends chucking by dop; According to determine the variable quantity of tree-walk growth with the displacement of the linear displacement transducer of spring.

Wherein deflection sheave, leading block are two, two deflection sheavies, leading blocks are symmetrical arranged with respect to the linear displacement transducer with spring, the race central plane of deflection sheave, the race central plane of gauge head head sheave and with the central shaft of the motion bar of the linear displacement transducer of spring all at grade, this plane encircles the trunk cross section of trunk perpendicular to nonelastic seizing wire.

Deflection sheave make nonelastic seizing wire along with the motion of the gauge head head sheave on the linear displacement transducer of spring from perpendicular to the direction transformation in trunk cross section on the trunk cross-wise direction;

After leading block assists nonelastic seizing wire by deflection sheave, level is encircled on trunk, avoids nonelastic seizing wire to deviate from from the race of deflection sheave.

Measurement module also comprises: nonelastic seizing wire 11, and dop 12, with the linear displacement transducer 21 of spring, gauge head head sheave 22 is with the linear displacement transducer 21 of spring and the coupling part 23 of gauge head head sheave 22.

What nonelastic seizing wire 11 adopted is substantially nonelastic, the seizing wire that temperature expansion coefficient is little, soft.Like this, nonelastic seizing wire 11 affects measurement result hardly because the length deformation that the effect that is subject to temperature and tensile force produces is very little.

Dop 12 is for the length of determining nonelastic seizing wire 11, according to concrete applicable cases and different measurement ranges, after can the length adaptability convergent-divergent with nonelastic seizing wire 11, the two ends chucking makes nonelastic seizing wire 11 be fixed length, can satisfy simultaneously and measure requirement.

Wherein, nonelastic seizing wire 11 can adopt in actual applications to encircle in needing on trunk and measure on the position of tree-walk variable quantity.

Linear displacement transducer 21 with spring is converted into electric quantity signal with the tree-walk variable quantity, and calculates tree-walk variation value according to this electric quantity signal.Linear displacement transducer 21 with spring is the resistance-type linear displacement transducer, adopts voltage divider principle, and is highly sensitive, is swift in response, and volume is little, and barrier propterty is good, can use in the open air for a long time; Because sensors with auxiliary electrode were is electric resistance partial pressure type, sensor resolution can be infinitely small, and concrete numerical value depends on the resolution of collection terminal equipment.The specific works state of resistance-type linear displacement transducer is, when pulse voltage value of input, the resistance-type linear displacement transducer just can obtain output valve moment exactly, and collection terminal is with data acquisition and transmission.Be carved with wire casing on shell with the linear displacement transducer 21 of spring, this wire casing is used for installing becket geometrical clamp 35 (seeing accompanying drawing 4).

Gauge head head sheave 22 is used for assisting nonelastic seizing wire 11 that the tree-walk variable quantity of 11 perception of nonelastic seizing wire is converted into electric quantity signal, and calculates tree-walk variation value according to this electric quantity signal.The coupling part 23 that gauge head head sheave 22 passes through with linear displacement transducer 21 and the gauge head head sheave 22 of spring, be arranged on the free end with the motion bar of the linear displacement transducer 21 of spring, the structure of coupling part and the concrete mounting means of gauge head head sheave 22 are not limit, as long as the race central plane that guarantees gauge head head sheave 22 with the central plane of the motion bar of the linear displacement transducer 21 of spring on same plane, and guarantee that gauge head head sheave 22 can normally rotate and get final product.

When gauge head head sheave 22 is subject to the pressure-acting of nonelastic seizing wire 11, just by the spring of compression with the linear displacement transducer 21 of spring, make with the free end of the linear displacement transducer 21 of spring flexible, thereby, electric quantity signal with the output of the linear displacement transducer 21 of spring changes, and calculates tree-walk according to this electric quantity signal and changes value.

The device stuck-module comprises: sensor holding card 31, belt 32, belt buckle 33, becket 34, becket geometrical clamp 35.

Wherein, sensor holding card 31 is used for fixing linear displacement transducer 21 with spring, and determines nonelastic seizing wire 11 and annexation with the linear displacement transducer 21 of spring;

Wherein, sensor holding card 31 comprises: sensor holding card agent structure 3101, deflection sheave locating shaft 3104, leading block locating shaft 3105, deflection sheave abutment sleeve 3106, leading block abutment sleeve 3107, nut 3108, pad 3109, metallic gasket 3110, screw 3111 and rubber sheet gasket 3112.

Sensor holding card agent structure 3101 be used for to be determined the installation site of all parts above sensor holding card 31 and relativeness as shown in Figure 9.Wherein, the intermediate groove of sensor holding card agent structure 3101 partly is used for installing the linear displacement transducer 21 with spring; Both sides have respectively two pairs about leading block positioning shaft hole and deflection sheave positioning shaft hole with linear displacement transducer 21 symmetries of spring.

Deflection sheave 24, leading block 25 are fixed on sensor holding card agent structure 3101 by deflection sheave locating shaft 3104, leading block locating shaft 3105, deflection sheave abutment sleeve 3106, leading block abutment sleeve 3107 and nut 3108 and pad 3109 respectively.

Deflection sheave locating shaft 3104, leading block locating shaft 3105 are used for by deflection sheave abutment sleeve 3106, leading block abutment sleeve 3107, nut 3108 and pad 3109, fix deflection sheave 24, leading block 25, and the axial location of definite deflection sheave 24 and leading block 25.Foundation for the ease of tree-walk conversion formula mathematical model, a pair of about with the race central plane of the race central plane of the deflection sheave 24 of linear displacement transducer 21 symmetries of spring, gauge head head sheave 22 and with the central shaft of the motion bar of the linear displacement transducer 21 of spring at grade, this plane is perpendicular to encircling the cross section of the trunk at place with nonelastic seizing wire 11 on trunk, and then determined the particular location of deflection sheave locating shaft 3104 on sensor holding card agent structure 3101.Deflection sheave locating shaft 3104, leading block locating shaft 3105 are mutually vertically, and the spacing between deflection sheave locating shaft 3104 and leading block locating shaft 3105 is greater than deflection sheave 24 and leading block 25 radius sum separately, guarantee that deflection sheave 24 and leading block 25 motion mutually noninterferes get final product (as shown in accompanying drawing 7, accompanying drawing 8), specifically determine according to actual conditions; With the race of the deflection sheave 24 of linear displacement transducer 21 homonymies of spring and leading block 25 races on sustained height; The intersection of the race central plane of deflection sheave 24 and the race central plane of leading block 25 is the tangent line (as shown in accompanying drawing 10,11) of the race of leading block 25.

during installation, nonelastic seizing wire 11 is by gauge head head sheave 22, a pair of about the deflection sheave 24 with linear displacement transducer 21 symmetries of spring, a pair of about after the leading block 25 with linear displacement transducer 21 symmetries of spring, encircle in needing to measure on the position of tree-walk variable quantity on trunk, and with dop 12 with the two ends of nonelastic seizing wire 11 chucking, this moment, nonelastic seizing wire 11 was fixed length, when the linear displacement transducer 21 with spring reaches full scale or when need adjusting, unscrew dop 12, adjusting nonelastic seizing wire 11 length makes the linear displacement transducer 21 with spring reach needed range, again with the two ends chucking of dop 12 with nonelastic seizing wire 11, fixing.

Metallic gasket 3110, screw 3111 are used for being arranged on the linear displacement transducer 21 of spring the center section of sensor holding card agent structure 3101; Mounting means is interference fit, by screw 3111 is arranged on the screw hole of sensor holding card main part 3101, as shown in Figure 8.

Rubber sheet gasket 3112 is for increasing the self-operated measuring unit of tree-walk growth amount and the maximum static friction force between trunk.Be arranged between metallic gasket 3110 and screw 3111.

After being about to linear displacement transducer 21 with spring and being arranged on the intermediate groove part of sensor holding card agent structure 3101, after metallic gasket 3110, rubber sheet gasket 3112 are installed successively, screw 3111 is installed in screw hole on sensor holding card agent structure 3101, fixing linear displacement transducer 21 with spring, increase simultaneously the self-operated measuring unit of tree-walk growth amount and the maximum static friction force between trunk, made the self-operated measuring unit of tree-walk growth amount and the installation between trunk more firm.

Belt 32 is used for the self-operated measuring unit of whole tree-walk growth amount is fixed in the position that needs to measure the tree-walk variable quantity on trunk; And realize above-mentioned fixing by the fastening of belt buckle 33.

Belt buckle 33, being used for assisting belt 32 that the self-operated measuring unit of whole tree-walk growth amount is fixed in needs on trunk to measure on the position of tree-walk variable quantity.

Becket 34 connects belt 32 and measurement module by becket geometrical clamp 35, and belt 32 is enclosed within on becket 34, and the free end of belt 32 is installed belt buckle 33.4 corresponding 4 beckets 34 of belt 32, simultaneously corresponding two pairs of belt buckles 33.

Becket geometrical clamp 35 is used for fixing metal ring 34, and the linear displacement transducer 21 with spring in direct connection metal ring 34 and measurement module; Specifically by be carved with wire casing on the shell with the linear displacement transducer 21 of spring, becket geometrical clamp 35 is arranged on in the wire casing on the shell of the linear displacement transducer 21 of spring, and by bolt, becket geometrical clamp 35 is fixed on linear displacement transducer 21 with spring, the concrete installation site of becket geometrical clamp 35 guarantees not hinder or disturb nonelastic seizing wire 11 to get final product (guaranteeing that namely the part of nonelastic seizing wire 11 between gauge head head sheave 22 and deflection sheave 24 is straight line).Corresponding 2 beckets 34 of becket geometrical clamp 35, simultaneously corresponding 2 belts 32 and a pair of belt buckle 33, specifically as shown in Figure 6.

2 beckets are installed on 2 becket geometrical clamps separately, and 4 belts are enclosed within respectively on the limit of 4 beckets, and this limit is the opposite side that is arranged on the limit in the becket geometrical clamp; And the free end of the belt that becket is installed is above installed a pair of belt buckle.By belt 32 and belt buckle 33, the above-mentioned self-operated measuring unit that installs the tree-walk growth amount partly being installed to needs on trunk to measure on the relevant position of tree-walk variable quantity.

The course of work of the self-operated measuring unit of tree-walk growth amount:

As shown in accompanying drawing 1,2, the self-operated measuring unit of tree-walk growth amount is installed to be needed on trunk to measure on the position of tree-walk variable quantity.When tree-walk growth changes, because nonelastic seizing wire is fixed length, therefore the variable quantity of tree-walk is reflected in electric signal output with the linear displacement transducer of spring by nonelastic seizing wire and gauge head head sheave, by to the collection with the electric signal of the output of the linear displacement transducer of spring, and calculating tree-walk variation value according to this electric quantity signal, the calculating of concrete trunk girth realizes by the tree-walk conversion formula.

The tree-walk conversion formula is to coordinate the self-operated measuring unit of described tree-walk growth amount to use, and the data-switching that will collect from the self-operated measuring unit of described tree-walk growth amount becomes trunk to need to measure the mean value (or perimeter value) of the locational tree-walk of tree-walk variable quantity.

Described tree-walk conversion formula is as follows, and namely the trunk girth is:

$C_i=2\&times;[\mathrm{\&pi;}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="R"\; filenames="HSA00000614849900101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}}_0+\sqrt{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="K"\; filenames="HSA00000614849900101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_0^2+a^2-4r^2}+\sqrt{{({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="R"\; filenames="HSA00000614849900101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}}_0+\mathrm{\&delta;})}^2-{(R_0-r)}^2}-(R_0-r)(\arccos \frac{R_0-\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="r\; R"\; filenames="HSA00000614849900101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}{R_{}}+$

$\arcsin \frac{a+2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="r\; R"\; filenames="HSA00000614849900101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}{R_{}})-2r(\arccos \frac{2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="r\; K"\; filenames="HSA00000614849900101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}{\sqrt{K_{}^{}}}+\arccos \frac{K_0}{\sqrt{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="K"\; filenames="HSA00000614849900101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_0^2+a^2}})-\sqrt{K_i^2+a^2-4r^2}+$

$2r(\arccos \frac{2r}{\sqrt{K_i^2+a^2}}+\arccos \frac{K_i}{\sqrt{K_i^2+a^2}})+(R_{i-1}-r)(\arccos \frac{R_{i-1}-r}{R_{i-1}+\mathrm{\&delta;}}+$

$\arcsin \frac{a+2r}{R_{i-1}+\mathrm{\&delta;}})-\sqrt{{(R_{i-1}+\mathrm{\&delta;})}^2-{(R_{i-1}-r)}^2})]$

Wherein: r is the radius (this formula is applicable to the measure-alike of gauge head head sheave 22, deflection sheave 24 and leading block 25) of pulley, and δ is the distance that on trunk center and leading block 25 lines, bark is arrived at leading block 25 centers; D=2r is the diameter of pulley; A is half (as accompanying drawing 10,11) of two deflection sheave 24 distances between centers; K _i=K-x _i, be to measure constantly for the i time, the distance of each and every one deflection sheave 24 lines of centres of gauge head head sheave 22 centers to two; x _iFor measuring constantly at the i time, the compressed displacement of gauge head head sheave 22 is the shift value of linear displacement transducer 21; K ₀In the time of for initial the installation, the distance of each and every one deflection sheave 24 lines of centres of gauge head head sheave 22 centers to two, be K _iThe initial alignment value; R ₀The mean radius value of trunk in the time of for initial the installation; R _iBe the i time measurement moment, the mean radius of tested trunk; C ₀The girth of tested trunk for initial the time is the initial alignment value of trunk girth; C _iBe the i time measurement moment, the girth of tested trunk; π is math constant; Arcsin is the arcsin function symbol; Arccos is the inverse cosine function symbol; In formula, all footmark i are the i time measurement, and all footmark i-1 represent the i-1 time measurement.

Described tree-walk conversion formula derivation is as follows:

The principle of its foundation is mainly that the length according to nonelastic seizing wire 11 is definite value, draws through calculating and the pushing over of ordered series of numbers of a series of mathematics.

By accompanying drawing 10 and accompanying drawing 11 as can be known, the long L that restricts is:

Order

Wherein, $\mathrm{AD}=\sqrt{{(R+\mathrm{\&delta;})}^2-{(R-r)}^2};---\left(2\right)$

d＝2r； (4)

E′F＝d； (5)

Again by accompanying drawing 11 as can be known:

$\mathrm{HG}=\sqrt{K^2+a^2-4r^2};---\left(7\right)$

Due to the long L=Count (constant) that restricts in a process, therefore L _i-1=L _i=L (i represents the i time measurement) (8)

Again because: will

" arc length " of this section of this section minor arc trunk is according to desirable circumference arc long process, and the circumference approximate processing,, and the tree-walk girth $C=l+2R\&times;(\arccos \frac{R-r}{R+\mathrm{\&delta;}}+\arcsin \frac{a+d}{R+\mathrm{\&delta;}})---\left(9\right)$

:

$C_i-C_{i-1}=l_i+2R_i\&times;(\arccos \frac{R_i-r}{R_i+\mathrm{\&delta;}}+\arcsin \frac{a+d}{R_i+\mathrm{\&delta;}})-l_{i-1}$

$-2R_{i-1}\&times;(\arccos \frac{R_{i-1}-r}{R_{i-1}+\mathrm{\&delta;}}+\arcsin \frac{a+d}{R_{i-1}+\mathrm{\&delta;}})---\left(10\right)$

Formula (10) combinatorial formula (8) and other formula can draw through mathematical derivation:

$C_i=2\&times;[\mathrm{\&pi;}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="R"\; filenames="HSA00000614849900101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}}_0+\sqrt{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="K"\; filenames="HSA00000614849900101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_0^2+a^2-4r^2}+\sqrt{{({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="R"\; filenames="HSA00000614849900101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}}_0+\mathrm{\&delta;})}^2-{(R_0-r)}^2}-(R_0-r)(\arccos \frac{R_0-\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="r\; R"\; filenames="HSA00000614849900101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}{R_{}}+$

$\arcsin \frac{a+2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="r\; R"\; filenames="HSA00000614849900101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}{R_{}})-2r(\arccos \frac{2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="r\; K"\; filenames="HSA00000614849900101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}{\sqrt{K_{}^{}}}+\arccos \frac{K_0}{\sqrt{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="K"\; filenames="HSA00000614849900101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_0^2+a^2}})-\sqrt{K_i^2+a^2-4r^2}+$

$2r(\arccos \frac{2r}{\sqrt{K_i^2+a^2}}+\arccos \frac{K_i}{\sqrt{K_i^2+a^2}})+(R_{i-1}-r)(\arccos \frac{R_{i-1}-r}{R_{i-1}+\mathrm{\&delta;}}+$

$\arcsin \frac{a+2r}{R_{i-1}+\mathrm{\&delta;}})-\sqrt{{(R_{i-1}+\mathrm{\&delta;})}^2-{(R_{i-1}-r)}^2})]---\left(11\right)$

When tree-walk changes, be definite value because nonelastic seizing wire 11 length are rear by described dop 12 chuckings, this variation just is directly reflected in the variation of output electric quantity signal value of described linear displacement transducer 21 with spring, the variation of the output electric quantity signal value by monitoring described linear displacement transducer 21 with spring, and this variation is imported in described tree-walk conversion formula, just can see intuitively the mean value of tree-walk.When the linear displacement transducer 21 with spring reaches full scale or change measurement range according to actual seeds, can unclamp dop 12 and readjust nonelastic seizing wire 11 length, calibrating parameters, can repeat to continue to measure again.

When the self-operated measuring unit of wherein said tree-walk growth amount is installed, the interference to sensor measurement such as the extraneous junk of minimizing should be described be installed down with the gauge head end of the linear displacement transducer 21 of spring.

In sum, the apparatus structure in the present invention is reasonable, and is easy for installation, reliability is high, and the precision of measurement is high, changes and growth conditions by direct measurement, data acquisition or the real-time increment by wireless network node remote monitoring tree-walk.

Installation method is:

Gauge head head sheave 22 by the coupling part 23 with linear displacement transducer 21 and the gauge head head sheave 22 of spring, is arranged on the free end with the motion bar of the linear displacement transducer 21 of spring; Deflection sheave 24, leading block 25 are fixed on sensor holding card agent structure 3101 by deflection sheave locating shaft 3104, leading block locating shaft 3105, deflection sheave abutment sleeve 3106, leading block abutment sleeve 3107 and nut 3108 and pad 3109 respectively; Be installed to the center section of sensor holding card agent structure 3101 with the linear displacement transducer 21 of spring, pass through mounting screw 3111 after metallic gasket 3110, rubber sheet gasket 3112 are installed successively, will be installed on sensor holding card agent structure 3101 by interference fit with the linear displacement transducer 21 of spring; Becket 34 is arranged on becket geometrical clamp 35 the insides, as shown in accompanying drawing 2,4; Becket geometrical clamp 35 is arranged on in the wire casing on the shell of the linear displacement transducer 21 of spring, and by bolt, becket geometrical clamp 35 is fixed on linear displacement transducer 21 with spring; 2 beckets are installed on 2 becket geometrical clamps separately, and 4 belts are enclosed within respectively on the limit of 4 beckets, and this limit is the opposite side that is arranged on the limit in the becket geometrical clamp; And the free end of the belt that becket is installed is above installed a pair of belt buckle.By belt 32 and belt buckle 33, the above-mentioned self-operated measuring unit that installs the tree-walk growth amount partly is installed on trunk, needs to measure on the relevant position of tree-walk variable quantity; With nonelastic seizing wire 11 by the gauge head head sheave 22 in measurement module, a pair of about with the deflection sheave 24 of linear displacement transducer 21 symmetries of spring, a pair of about with the leading block 25 of linear displacement transducer 21 symmetries of spring, after encircle on trunk, need to measure on the position of tree-walk variable quantity, and with dop 12 with the two ends of nonelastic seizing wire 11 chucking, guarantee to reach predetermined decrement (be at least 1/10 of full scale, concrete numerical value is decided according to actual conditions) with the free end of the motion bar of the linear displacement transducer 21 of spring.After nonelastic seizing wire 11 is installed, adjust the fixed position of becket geometrical clamp 35, guarantee that the part of nonelastic seizing wire 11 between gauge head head sheave 22 and deflection sheave 24 is straight line, namely becket geometrical clamp 35 fixing do not hinder nonelastic seizing wire 11 activities.

When tree-walk growth changes, because nonelastic seizing wire 11 is fixed length, therefore the variable quantity of tree-walk is reflected in electric signal output with the linear displacement transducer 21 of spring by nonelastic seizing wire 11 and gauge head head sheave 22, by to the collection with the electric signal of the output of the linear displacement transducer 21 of spring, and calculating tree-walk variation value according to this electric quantity signal, concrete calculating realized by the tree-walk conversion formula.

Technique effect

The present invention is by combining with linear displacement transducer and the physical construction of spring, two pairs of pulleys of inelastic seizing wire by a relative fixed length change into the displacement of measuring with the linear displacement transducer of spring with the variation (horizontal direction) of trunk girth, and show by the electric quantity signal that sensor is exported.The measurement of this device is completed automatically, does not need manually to measure, and has reduced error and the workload measured, has reached requirement easy for installation, that measure the Diameter measure reliable, that measuring accuracy is high.This measuring method can effectively improve automaticity, the Diameter measure of Diameter measure precision, greatly reduce workman's labour intensity, thereby increase substantially the efficient of test; The design of tree-walk conversion formula is tightly fitted the Installation and Measurement mode and is decided, and can obtain truly the mean value (according to girth=π * tree-walk) of tree-walk.This measuring method can by combining with wireless network, realize collection and the monitoring of teledata.

The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of making, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. the self-operated measuring unit of a tree-walk growth amount, comprise device stuck-module and measurement module; It is characterized in that:

Described device stuck-module is fixed in measurement module to be needed to measure on the position of tree-walk variable quantity on trunk;

Described measurement module comprises linear displacement transducer, gauge head head sheave, deflection sheave, leading block, nonelastic seizing wire, dop and the gauge head head sheave and coupling part with the linear displacement transducer of spring with spring;

Described deflection sheave, leading block are two, described two deflection sheavies, leading block are symmetrical arranged with respect to the linear displacement transducer with spring, the race central plane of described deflection sheave, the race central plane of gauge head head sheave and with the central shaft of the linear displacement transducer of spring all at grade, this plane encircles the trunk cross section of trunk perpendicular to nonelastic seizing wire;

Described gauge head head sheave makes gauge head head sheave normal rotation with coupling part with the linear displacement transducer of spring; By this gauge head head sheave with the coupling part of the linear displacement transducer of spring, the displacement of gauge head head sheave is delivered on linear displacement transducer with spring;

Nonelastic seizing wire is by after deflection sheave, leading block and gauge head head sheave, nonelastic seizing wire is encircled in needs and is measured on the position of tree-walk,, guarantee to be compressed to preposition with the free end of the linear displacement transducer of spring with nonelastic seizing wire two ends chucking by dop;

When the tree-walk growth amount changes, the gauge head head sheave is subject to the pressure-acting of nonelastic seizing wire and then compression with the spring of the linear displacement transducer of spring, make with the free end of the linear displacement transducer of spring flexible, electric quantity signal with the output of the linear displacement transducer of spring changes, and measures the variable quantity of tree-walk growth according to the changing value of this electric quantity signal.

2. the self-operated measuring unit of a kind of tree-walk growth amount according to claim 1, described deflection sheave make nonelastic seizing wire along with the motion of the gauge head head sheave on the linear displacement transducer of spring from perpendicular to the direction transformation in trunk cross section on the trunk cross-wise direction.

3. after the self-operated measuring unit of a kind of tree-walk growth amount according to claim 1, described leading block assist nonelastic seizing wire by deflection sheave, level is encircled on trunk, avoids nonelastic seizing wire to deviate from from the race of deflection sheave.

4. the self-operated measuring unit of according to claim 1,2 or 3 described a kind of tree-walk growth amounts, what described nonelastic seizing wire adopted is little, the soft nonelastic seizing wire of temperature expansion coefficient.

5. the self-operated measuring unit of according to claim 1,2 or 3 described a kind of tree-walk growth amounts, the changing value of the tree-walk growth amount that it records is transferred on the wireless network node remote monitoring device, by the real-time increment of wireless network node remote monitoring device Real-Time Monitoring tree-walk.

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