CN102424925A - Co2N-doped aluminium alloy and smelting method thereof - Google Patents
Co2N-doped aluminium alloy and smelting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102424925A CN102424925A CN2011104208768A CN201110420876A CN102424925A CN 102424925 A CN102424925 A CN 102424925A CN 2011104208768 A CN2011104208768 A CN 2011104208768A CN 201110420876 A CN201110420876 A CN 201110420876A CN 102424925 A CN102424925 A CN 102424925A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a Co2N-doped aluminium alloy and a smelting method thereof. The method comprises: heating aluminium ingots or molten aluminium liquid to completely melt the material; adding Si, Fe, Cu, Mn, Mg, Zn and Ti to the resulting molten material to completely dissolve and melt the mixed materials; after refining, carrying out heat preservation at a temperature of 700-1000 DEG C to obtain an alloy melt; adopting nitrogen or inert gas or mixed gas to carry out gas removing and purifying operation for the alloy melt, and continuously introducing the gas until the reaction is completed, wherein the nitrogen and the inert gas are mixed according to any ratio to obtain the mixed gas; adding Co2N powder to the alloy melt along with the gas in the fluidization manner; carrying out stirring, such that the Co2N is uniformly distributed in the alloy melt, and completely reacts with the alloy melt; standing, and adjusting the temperature to 680-730 DEG C, removing the alloy liquid from the furnace, and carrying out casting production. With the present invention, the performance disadvantages of the aluminium alloy in the prior art can be overcome, the strength and toughness, the formability and the hardenability of the aluminium alloy can be improved, and the high-end substrate is provided for the efficient deep processing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aldural, also relate to its preparation method.
Background technology
In existing duraluminum,, float on top on the little composition of density because the big one-tenth branch of density is deposited in the foundry goods bottom in alloying constituent or the compound.For example add this refractory metal of Ti and Al and form dystectic flaky compound Al for crystal grain thinning
3Ti can early crystallize out from alloy liquid; When growing up to greatly, just sink to producing the gravity segregation of local rules easily; Can on the foundry goods fracture, see the compound of the white bright ash of surfacing when segregation is serious, primary silicon thick in the hypereutectic Al-Si duraluminum also forms segregation easily owing to density is less.
In addition when this alloy liquid before cast owing to stir the inhomogeneous eutectic segregation that causes, concentrate the place in Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys, the high fragility of hardness is big, the process tool wearing and tearing are greatly; The position that Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys is few forms α (Al) sosoloid soft spots, and intensity is low, adds not only sticking cutter in man-hour, worsens processing characteristics, under the effect of cutting force, can make the distortion of α (Al) sosoloid cause machined surface hickie to occur.When magnesium content was less than 0.6% (massfraction) in ZL108 (ZAlSi12Cu2Mg1) duraluminum, hickie also appearred in finished surface easily.
There is Cu elements segregation in the Al-Si-Cu duraluminum to cause that thick Al appears in regional area again
2Cu is net distribution mutually and along crystalline substance, even if adopt thermal treatment can not it is dissolved in α (Al) sosoloid fully and remain in intergranular, thereby makes this kind alloy fragility increase.
Simultaneously, when adopting this duraluminum to cast, the normal appearance mainly contains oxide inclusion, molding material and flux slag inclusion etc. various being mingled with in the foundry goods that casting is accomplished.Wherein, be mingled with al oxide the most general.Especially in containing the duraluminum of Mg, majority is mingled with and is aluminum oxide and magnesian mixture, so in the aluminium alloy smelting process, the content of oxide inclusion is one of important mark matter of reflection aluminium liquid metallurgical quality.
This shows: the forming property of present aluminum alloy materials during except the large-scale ingot blank of founding is relatively poor; Large-scale ingot blank is not high in the hardening capacity of heat treatment process, tempering resistance is relatively poor and can not satisfy higher mechanical property requirements or some property (as heat-resisting, anti-corrosion) etc., is significant deficiency yet.These defectives make it in the process of strong materials of weight such as field of engineering technology instead of steel goods and structure, form the technological breakpoint that is difficult to cross over.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of prior art, the present invention provides a kind of aldural, can overcome the deficiency of existing aluminium alloy capability, improves its obdurability, plasticity and hardening capacity, for efficient deep processing provides high-end base material.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of aldural by percentage to the quality, comprises 0.7～1.3% Si; Fe smaller or equal to 0.5%, the Cu smaller or equal to 0.1%, 0.4～0.8% Mn; 0.4～0.8% Mg, the Zn smaller or equal to 0.2%, Ti smaller or equal to 0.2%; 1.8～2.8% Co, 0.21～0.33% N, surplus is Al and unavoidable impurities; The content of every kind of impurity is no more than 0.05% of total mass per-cent, and the content of all impurity is no more than 0.15% of total mass per-cent.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of said aldural, adds Co with the Combined Processing mode
2N may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: in smelting furnace, add aluminium ingot or molten aluminum liquid earlier, heating makes it to melt fully;
Step 2: add the Si that accounts for total product mass percent 0.7～1.3%, the Fe smaller or equal to 0.5%, Cu smaller or equal to 0.1%; 0.4～0.8% Mn, 0.4～0.8% Mg, Zn smaller or equal to 0.2%; Ti smaller or equal to 0.2% makes it to dissolve fully and melt;
Step 3: 700～1000 ℃ of insulations down, obtain alloy melt after the refining; Melting process is accomplished in enclosed environment;
Step 4: use the mixed gas of nitrogen or rare gas element or nitrogen and rare gas element arbitrary proportion that alloy melt is carried out the degassing and purifying operation, and lasting ventilation finishes until reaction; To account for the Co of total product mass percent 2.01～3.13% simultaneously
2The N powder joins in the alloy melt with above-mentioned gas with the fluidization mode; Stir, make Co
2N is evenly distributed in alloy melt, and fully reacts with alloy melt; Leave standstill, temperature adjustment to 680～730 ℃, alloy liquid is come out of the stove, and carries out the Foundry Production of different goods respectively along following two kinds of flow processs.
Flow process one: the longshore current groove is toppled over and is come out of the stove, and to vertical water cooling casting machine system, casting processing use ingot blank, particularly above large-scale slab ingot of cast thickness 500mm and the pole more than the diameter 500mm.
Flow process two: metaideophone is gone in the mold of foundry goods, uses metal mold, sand mold or mixed type casting mode, adopts gravitational casting, pressure die casting or counter-pressure casting technology, the aluminum alloy casting of y alloy y foundry goods, particularly casting large-scale, thin-walled or complex construction.
The present invention adds 1.8～2.8% Co and 0.9～1.4% N element in wrought aluminium alloy, can in alloy graining process, effectively increase heterogeneous forming core core, thereby reach the effect of grain refining, strengthens alloy strength; And the element that adds can promote to form interstitial atom and gap mutually; During high temperature in α (Al) sosoloid solubleness big, and very little when room temperature, thereby make alloy have higher heat-treatability matter; After the thermal treatment, its intensity and hardness all have significant improvement.
Without before adding above-mentioned element, except that the common solution that form various elements, also contain compound phase that more following intermetallics form in the melt at this alloy:
Mg
2Si phase, N phase (Al
7Cu
2Fe), α phase (Al
12Fe
3Si), S phase (Al
2CuMg);
These metallic compounds when melt cools off because the minimum free energy principle of system, can not stable existence in the crystal grain that forms; Will be under the driving that lattice distortion can differ from move and concentrate to crystal boundary, simultaneously, because the saturation solubility of alloying element in aluminum substrate descends along with temperature and significantly reduces; So along with the cooling of melt, oversaturated melt is constantly separated out the intermetallic compound that is rich in alloying element, these compounds are in the intergranular enrichment; Be difficult for to each other merging, in microtexture, become thick intergranular compound group, alloy is produced crisp sclerosis influence; Worsen the alloy casting forming property, reduce its homogeneity, toughness, solidity to corrosion and through hardening performance.So; When alloy graining becomes the substruction of supersaturated solid solution matrix+intergranular metallic compound; Be commonly referred to pure as-cast structure, the alloy with this tissue just can have the mechanical property and other technical indicator of satisfying the demand after must passing through the thermal treatment of " solid solution+timeliness ".
Though, can improve through the thermal treatment of formulation optimization processing and raising alloy property, still still there are a lot of defectives in alloy itself: insufficient strength is high, can not cast big specification type ingot etc.
The present invention is through relatively selection, and through adding 1.8～2.8% Co element, the nitrogen that in fusion process, charges in addition helps aluminium synthetic AlN in 800～1000 ℃ nitrogen atmosphere.Because the AlN that N and Al reaction generates is an atomic crystal, genus quasi-diamond nitride the highlyest is stabilized to 2200 ℃; Room temperature strength is high, and intensity is slower with the rising decline of temperature, can effectively improve the hot strength and the resistance to corrosion of alloy; Thermal conductivity is good, and thermal expansivity is little, can improve the body material thermal shock resistance.Therefore, work as N
2When charging into the high temperature aluminium alloys melt, itself has just had the activity that reacts with multiple metallic gold.So the concentration of temperature when suitably regulating the cleaning molten operation and protectiveness nitrogen, the content of AlN in the adjustable melt, this further provides method for the content of regulating transition metal in the melt.
It is thus clear that: because the means of using the fluidization nitride to handle in the present invention; Integrate the multiple effects of strengthening matrix and crystal grain thinning; Replace master alloy, make duraluminum manufacturing concern no longer be limited by the master alloy manufacturer, help creating the green production line of " nearly moulding, short flow process, intensification "; Energy-saving and cost-reducing, reduce comprehensive cost; Simultaneously, in heat treatment process, owing to formed excellent material microstructure; The unrelieved stress of ingot blank is less; Therefore can significantly improve thermal treatment usefulness, improve the hardening capacity of ingot blank, when comparing with similar alloy; Can produce thicker blank (bar that sheet material that thickness 500mm is above and diameter 500mm are above) with " casting+heat treatment mode ", (realize " rolling " on the plate manufacturing technology of thickness 15～200mm) to cast generation at series specification.
Generally speaking, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
In molten aluminium, caused multiple grain refining element, particle, thickization that prevents matrix and strengthening phase had good result.In cooled aluminum substrate, caused stable high interstitial atom and gap mutually, become new efficient strengthening phase, the intensity of material and hardness are improved.
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of aldural by percentage to the quality, comprises 0.7% Si, 0.5% Fe; 0.1% Cu, 0.4% Mn, 0.4% Mg, 0.2% Zn; 0.2% Ti, 1.8% Co, 0.21% N; Surplus is Al and unavoidable impurities, and the content of every kind of impurity is no more than 0.05% of total mass per-cent, and the content of all impurity is no more than 0.15% of total mass per-cent.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of said aldural, adds Co with the Combined Processing mode
2N may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: in smelting furnace, add aluminium ingot or molten aluminum liquid earlier, heating makes it to melt fully,
Step 2: the component according to said aldural is got the raw materials ready, and comprises the Si that accounts for total product mass percent 0.7%, 0.5% Fe, 0.1% Cu, 0.4% Mn, 0.4% Mg, 0.2% Zn, 0.2% Ti; Make it to dissolve fully and melt,
Step 3: 700～1000 ℃ of insulations down, obtain alloy melt after the refining; Melting process is accomplished in enclosed environment;
Step 4: use the mixed gas of nitrogen or rare gas element or nitrogen and rare gas element arbitrary proportion that alloy melt is carried out the degassing and purifying operation, and lasting ventilation finishes until reaction; To account for the Co of total product mass percent 2.01% simultaneously
2The N powder joins in the alloy melt with above-mentioned gas with the fluidization mode; Stir, make Co
2N is evenly distributed in alloy melt, and fully reacts with alloy melt; Leave standstill, temperature adjustment to 680～730 ℃, alloy liquid is come out of the stove, and carries out the Foundry Production of different goods respectively along following two kinds of flow processs.
Flow process one: the longshore current groove is toppled over and is come out of the stove, and to vertical water cooling casting machine system, casting processing use ingot blank, particularly above large-scale slab ingot of cast thickness 500mm and the pole more than the diameter 500mm.
Flow process two: metaideophone is gone in the mold of foundry goods, uses metal mold, sand mold or mixed type casting mode, adopts gravitational casting, pressure die casting or counter-pressure casting technology, the aluminum alloy casting of y alloy y foundry goods, particularly casting large-scale, thin-walled or complex construction.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of aldural by percentage to the quality, comprises 0.9% Si, 0.4% Fe; 0.08% Cu, 0.6% Mn, 0.6% Mg, 0.1% Zn; 0.1% Ti, 2.2% Co, 0.26% N; Surplus is Al and unavoidable impurities, and the content of every kind of impurity is no more than 0.05% of total mass per-cent, and the content of all impurity is no more than 0.15% of total mass per-cent.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of said aldural, adds Co with the Combined Processing mode
2N may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: in smelting furnace, add aluminium ingot or molten aluminum liquid earlier, heating makes it to melt fully,
Step 2: the component according to said aldural is got the raw materials ready, and comprises the Si that accounts for total product mass percent 0.9%, 0.4% Fe, and 0.08% Cu, 0.6% Mn, 0.6% Mg, 0.1% Zn, 0.1% Ti makes it to dissolve fully and melt,
Step 3: 700～1000 ℃ of insulations down, obtain alloy melt after the refining; Melting process is accomplished in enclosed environment;
Step 4: use the mixed gas of nitrogen or rare gas element or nitrogen and rare gas element arbitrary proportion that alloy melt is carried out the degassing and purifying operation, and lasting ventilation finishes until reaction; To account for the Co of total product mass percent 2.46% simultaneously
2The N powder joins in the alloy melt with above-mentioned gas with the fluidization mode; Stir, make Co
2N is evenly distributed in alloy melt, and fully reacts with alloy melt; Leave standstill, temperature adjustment to 680～730 ℃, alloy liquid is come out of the stove, and carries out the Foundry Production of different goods respectively along following two kinds of flow processs.
Flow process one: the longshore current groove is toppled over and is come out of the stove, and to vertical water cooling casting machine system, casting processing use ingot blank, particularly above large-scale slab ingot of cast thickness 500mm and the pole more than the diameter 500mm.
Flow process two: metaideophone is gone in the mold of foundry goods, uses metal mold, sand mold or mixed type casting mode, adopts gravitational casting, pressure die casting or counter-pressure casting technology, the aluminum alloy casting of y alloy y foundry goods, particularly casting large-scale, thin-walled or complex construction.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of aldural by percentage to the quality, comprises 1.3% Si, 0.35% Fe; 0.07% Cu, 0.8% Mn, 0.8% Mg, 0.09% Zn; 0.12% Ti, 2.8% Co, 0.33% N; Surplus is Al and unavoidable impurities, and the content of every kind of impurity is no more than 0.05% of total mass per-cent, and the content of all impurity is no more than 0.15% of total mass per-cent.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of said aldural, adds Co with the Combined Processing mode
2N may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: in smelting furnace, add aluminium ingot or molten aluminum liquid earlier, heating makes it to melt fully,
Step 2: the component according to said aldural is got the raw materials ready, and comprises the Si that accounts for total product mass percent 1.3%, 0.35% Fe, and 0.07% Cu, 0.8% Mn, 0.8% Mg, 0.09% Zn, 0.12% Ti makes it to dissolve fully and melt,
Step 3: 700～1000 ℃ of insulations down, obtain alloy melt after the refining; Melting process is accomplished in enclosed environment;
Step 4: use the mixed gas of nitrogen or rare gas element or nitrogen and rare gas element arbitrary proportion that alloy melt is carried out the degassing and purifying operation, and lasting ventilation finishes until reaction; To account for the Co of total product mass percent 3.13% simultaneously
2The N powder joins in the alloy melt with above-mentioned gas with the fluidization mode; Stir, make Co
2N is evenly distributed in alloy melt, and fully reacts with alloy melt; Leave standstill, temperature adjustment to 680～730 ℃, alloy liquid is come out of the stove, and carries out the Foundry Production of different goods respectively along following two kinds of flow processs.
Flow process one: the longshore current groove is toppled over and is come out of the stove, and to vertical water cooling casting machine system, casting processing use ingot blank, particularly above large-scale slab ingot of cast thickness 500mm and the pole more than the diameter 500mm.
Flow process two: metaideophone is gone in the mold of foundry goods, uses metal mold, sand mold or mixed type casting mode, adopts gravitational casting, pressure die casting or counter-pressure casting technology, the aluminum alloy casting of y alloy y foundry goods, particularly casting large-scale, thin-walled or complex construction.
Claims (2)
1. doping Co
2The duraluminum of N is characterized in that: by percentage to the quality, comprise 0.7～1.3% Si, the Fe smaller or equal to 0.5%; Cu smaller or equal to 0.1%, 0.4～0.8% Mn, 0.4～0.8% Mg, Zn smaller or equal to 0.2%; Ti smaller or equal to 0.2%, 1.8～2.8% Co, 0.21～0.33% N; Surplus is Al and unavoidable impurities, and the content of every kind of impurity is no more than 0.05% of total mass per-cent, and the content of all impurity is no more than 0.15% of total mass per-cent.
2. said doping Co of claim 1
2The melting method of the duraluminum of N is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 1: in smelting furnace, add aluminium ingot or molten aluminum liquid earlier, heating makes it to melt fully;
Step 2: add the Si that accounts for total product mass percent 0.7～1.3%, the Fe smaller or equal to 0.5%, Cu smaller or equal to 0.1%; 0.4～0.8% Mn, 0.4～0.8% Mg, Zn smaller or equal to 0.2%; Ti smaller or equal to 0.2% makes it to dissolve fully and melt;
Step 3: 700～1000 ℃ of insulations down, obtain alloy melt after the refining; Melting process is accomplished in enclosed environment;
Step 4: use the mixed gas of nitrogen or rare gas element or nitrogen and rare gas element arbitrary proportion that alloy melt is carried out the degassing and purifying operation, and lasting ventilation finishes until reaction; To account for the Co of total product mass percent 2.01～3.13% simultaneously
2The N powder joins in the alloy melt with above-mentioned gas with the fluidization mode; Stir, make Co
2N is evenly distributed in alloy melt, and fully reacts with alloy melt; Leave standstill, temperature adjustment to 680～730 ℃, alloy liquid is come out of the stove, and carries out Foundry Production.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110420876 CN102424925B (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2011-12-15 | Co2N-doped aluminium alloy and smelting method thereof |
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| CN 201110420876 CN102424925B (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2011-12-15 | Co2N-doped aluminium alloy and smelting method thereof |
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| CN102424925B CN102424925B (en) | 2013-04-10 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105970029A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-09-28 | 贵州华科铝材料工程技术研究有限公司 | QT400-substituting aluminum alloy material for crane guide rail system and extrusion molding method of QT400-substituting aluminum alloy material |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0787811A1 (en) * | 1996-01-30 | 1997-08-06 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | High-strength heat-resistant aluminium alloy, conductive wire, overhead wire and method of preparing the aluminium alloy |
| CN1958822A (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2007-05-09 | 西北工业大学 | Method for enhancing high strength cast aluminum alloys by large volume fraction of quasi-crystal |
-
2011
- 2011-12-15 CN CN 201110420876 patent/CN102424925B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0787811A1 (en) * | 1996-01-30 | 1997-08-06 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | High-strength heat-resistant aluminium alloy, conductive wire, overhead wire and method of preparing the aluminium alloy |
| CN1958822A (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2007-05-09 | 西北工业大学 | Method for enhancing high strength cast aluminum alloys by large volume fraction of quasi-crystal |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105970029A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-09-28 | 贵州华科铝材料工程技术研究有限公司 | QT400-substituting aluminum alloy material for crane guide rail system and extrusion molding method of QT400-substituting aluminum alloy material |
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