Background technology
The aluminium alloy melt that adds " cold aluminium " is easier to cast out high-quality foundry goods and ingot blank, be because more than the pressure of using as returns, " the cold aluminium " of the various forms such as crop and scrap stock have thinner crystalline-granular texture, in melt, can keep at short notice this high-quality substructure, thus the crystallization behavior when impact is cast.But " cold aluminium " also contains the impurity such as more oxide compound, iron, silicon simultaneously, and the sublimate of alloy is unfavorable.
The aluminium alloy that deep processing is used often needs at first to be cast as large-scale ingot blank, such as slab ingot, pole etc., again by means such as rolling, extruding, forgings, be processed into various finished products, these processes basically all will with the heat treatment phase combination, if to the finished product that can directly use, then also will be through operations such as over-segmentation, surface working, Passivation Treatment.These processing means need aluminum alloy materials itself to possess good deep processing performance, comprise castability, press working deformation performance, heat treatment reinforcement performance, corrosion resistance, antifatigue destructive characteristics, surface working and coating property etc.Wherein, founding performance is the basis of aluminium alloy deep processing performance.Large-scale ingot blank, especially the above above pole of slab ingot, slab and diameter 500mm of thickness 500mm, can be the representative base material of Large Efficient deep processing, and be prefabricated into large-scale ingot blank, also be the first technology critical point whether test aluminum alloy materials itself is fit to carry out deep processing.
According to statistics, in the world in the 500 various deformation aluminum alloy materials, the aluminium alloy that is usually used in the large-scale ingot blank of founding is less than 20, the aluminium alloy that wherein is most commonly used to the large-scale ingot blank of founding and produces slab has 5083,5026,6082,2017,2024,2219,7075,7050 etc., in these materials, what belong to duralumin and ultralumin category is 2XXX system and 7XXX system, and its slab is multiplex in aerospace industry, but the poor performance of the large-scale ingot blank of its founding, slab ingot and pole shaping rate are very low; 5XXX system, 6XXX are associated golden founding better performances, but intensity is low; Other then belongs to soft aluminium category such as 1XXX system, 3XXX line aluminium alloy.
The forming property of present aluminum alloy materials during except the large-scale ingot blank of founding is relatively poor, large-scale ingot blank is not high in the hardening capacity of heat treatment process, tempering resistance is relatively poor and can not satisfy higher mechanical property requirements or some property (as heat-resisting, anti-corrosion) etc., is significant deficiency yet.These defectives make it form the technology breakpoint that is difficult to cross in the process of the strong materials of weight such as field of engineering technology instead of steel goods and structure.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of aldural, can overcome the deficiency of existing aluminium alloy capability, improve its obdurability, plasticity and hardening capacity, for efficient deep processing provides high-end base material.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of aldural, by percentage to the quality, comprise 0.2~0.6% Si, Fe less than or equal to 0.35%, Cu less than or equal to 0.1%, Mn less than or equal to 0.1%, Cr less than or equal to 0.1%, 0.45~0.9% Mg, Zn less than or equal to 0.1%, the Ti less than or equal to 0.1%, surplus is Al and inevitable impurity, the content of every kind of impurity is no more than 0.05% of total mass per-cent, and the content of all impurity is no more than 0.15% of total mass per-cent.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of described aldural, adds AlH in the Combined Processing mode
3, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: the component according to described aldural is got the raw materials ready, comprise the Si that accounts for total product mass percent 0.2~0.6%, Fe less than or equal to 0.35%, Cu less than or equal to 0.1%, Mn less than or equal to 0.1%, the Cr less than or equal to 0.1%, 0.45~0.9% Mg, Zn less than or equal to 0.1%, the Ti less than or equal to 0.1%;
Step 2: add aluminium ingot or molten aluminum liquid first in smelting furnace, heating makes it to melt fully, adds first getting the raw materials ready of step 1 by formula rate, makes it to dissolve fully and melt, and 700~1000 ℃ of lower insulations, obtains alloy melt after the refining; Melting process is finished in enclosed environment;
Step 3: use the mixed gas alloy melt of nitrogen or rare gas element or nitrogen and rare gas element arbitrary proportion to carry out the degassing and purifying operation, and continue ventilation until react complete; To account for simultaneously the AlH of total product mass percent 1~1.67%
3Powder joins in the alloy melt with above-mentioned gas in the fluidization mode; Stir, make AlH
3In alloy melt, be evenly distributed, and fully react with alloy melt; Leave standstill, temperature adjustment to 680~730 ℃, aluminium alloy is come out of the stove, and carries out respectively the Foundry Production of different goods along following two kinds of flow processs.
Flow process one: topple over along chute and to come out of the stove, to vertical water cooling casting machine system, the large-scale slab ingot that casting processing ingot blank, particularly cast thickness 500mm are above and the pole more than the diameter 500mm.
Flow process two: metaideophone enters in the mold of foundry goods, uses metal mold, sand mold or mixed type casting mode, adopts gravitational casting, pressure die casting or counter-pressure casting technique, the aluminum alloy casting of Casting Aluminum Alloy Based, particularly casting large-scale, thin-walled or complex construction.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: in molten aluminium, caused multiple grain refining element, particle, thickization that prevents matrix and strengthening phase had good result.
The present invention adds 1~1.67% AlH in wrought aluminium alloy
3Powder can effectively increase heterogeneous forming core core in alloy graining process, thereby reaches the effect of grain refining, strengthens alloy strength; And the element that adds can promote to form interstitial atom and gap mutually, during high temperature in α (Al) sosoloid solubleness large, and very little when room temperature, thereby make alloy have higher heat-treatability matter, after the thermal treatment, its intensity and hardness all have significant improvement.
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of aldural by percentage to the quality, comprises 0.2% Si, 0.35% Fe, 0.1% Cu, 0.1% Mn, 0.1% Cr, 0.45% Mg, 0.1% Zn, 0.1% Ti, surplus is Al and inevitable impurity, the content of every kind of impurity is no more than 0.05% of total mass per-cent, and the content of all impurity is no more than 0.15% of total mass per-cent.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of described aldural, adds AlH in the Combined Processing mode
3, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: the component according to described aldural is got the raw materials ready, comprise the Si that accounts for total product mass percent 0.2~0.6%, Fe less than or equal to 0.35%, Cu less than or equal to 0.1%, Mn less than or equal to 0.1%, the Cr less than or equal to 0.1%, 0.45~0.9% Mg, Zn less than or equal to 0.1%, the Ti less than or equal to 0.1%;
Step 2: add aluminium ingot or molten aluminum liquid first in smelting furnace, heating makes it to melt fully, adds first getting the raw materials ready of step 1 by formula rate, makes it to dissolve fully and melt, and 700~1000 ℃ of lower insulations, obtains alloy melt after the refining; Melting process is finished in enclosed environment;
Step 3: use the mixed gas alloy melt of nitrogen or rare gas element or nitrogen and rare gas element arbitrary proportion to carry out the degassing and purifying operation, and continue ventilation until react complete; To account for simultaneously the AlH of total product mass percent 1%
3Powder joins in the alloy melt with above-mentioned gas in the fluidization mode; Stir, make AlH
3In alloy melt, be evenly distributed, and fully react with alloy melt; Leave standstill, temperature adjustment to 680~730 ℃, aluminium alloy is come out of the stove, and carries out respectively the Foundry Production of different goods along following two kinds of flow processs.
Flow process one: topple over along chute and to come out of the stove, to vertical water cooling casting machine system, the large-scale slab ingot that casting processing ingot blank, particularly cast thickness 500mm are above and the pole more than the diameter 500mm.
Flow process two: metaideophone enters in the mold of foundry goods, uses metal mold, sand mold or mixed type casting mode, adopts gravitational casting, pressure die casting or counter-pressure casting technique, the aluminum alloy casting of Casting Aluminum Alloy Based, particularly casting large-scale, thin-walled or complex construction.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of aldural by percentage to the quality, comprises 0.4% Si, 0.3% Fe, 0.08% Cu, 0.08% Mn, 0.06% Cr, 0.7% Mg, 0.07% Zn, 0.05% Ti, surplus is Al and inevitable impurity, the content of every kind of impurity is no more than 0.05% of total mass per-cent, and the content of all impurity is no more than 0.15% of total mass per-cent.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of described aldural, adds AlH in the Combined Processing mode
3, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: the component according to described aldural is got the raw materials ready, and comprises the Si that accounts for total product mass percent 0.4%, 0.3% Fe, 0.08% Cu, 0.08% Mn, 0.06% Cr, 0.7% Mg, 0.07% Zn, 0.05% Ti;
Step 2: add aluminium ingot or molten aluminum liquid first in smelting furnace, heating makes it to melt fully, adds first getting the raw materials ready of step 1 by formula rate, makes it to dissolve fully and melt, and 700~1000 ℃ of lower insulations, obtains alloy melt after the refining; Melting process is finished in enclosed environment;
Step 3: use the mixed gas alloy melt of nitrogen or rare gas element or nitrogen and rare gas element arbitrary proportion to carry out the degassing and purifying operation, and continue ventilation until react complete; To account for simultaneously the AlH of total product mass percent 1.34%
3Powder joins in the alloy melt with above-mentioned gas in the fluidization mode; Stir, make AlH
3In alloy melt, be evenly distributed, and fully react with alloy melt; Leave standstill, temperature adjustment to 680~730 ℃, aluminium alloy is come out of the stove, and carries out respectively the Foundry Production of different goods along following two kinds of flow processs.
Flow process one: topple over along chute and to come out of the stove, to vertical water cooling casting machine system, the large-scale slab ingot that casting processing ingot blank, particularly cast thickness 500mm are above and the pole more than the diameter 500mm.
Flow process two: metaideophone enters in the mold of foundry goods, uses metal mold, sand mold or mixed type casting mode, adopts gravitational casting, pressure die casting or counter-pressure casting technique, the aluminum alloy casting of Casting Aluminum Alloy Based, particularly casting large-scale, thin-walled or complex construction.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of aldural by percentage to the quality, comprises 0.6% Si, 0.25% Fe, 0.06% Cu, 0.09% Mn, 0.03% Cr, 0.9% Mg, 0.09% Zn, 0.05% Ti, surplus is Al and inevitable impurity, the content of every kind of impurity is no more than 0.05% of total mass per-cent, and the content of all impurity is no more than 0.15% of total mass per-cent.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of described aldural, adds AlH in the Combined Processing mode
3, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: the component according to described aldural is got the raw materials ready, and comprises the Si that accounts for total product mass percent 0.6%, 0.25% Fe, 0.06% Cu, 0.09% Mn, 0.03% Cr, 0.9% Mg, 0.09% Zn, 0.05% Ti;
Step 2: add aluminium ingot or molten aluminum liquid first in smelting furnace, heating makes it to melt fully, adds first getting the raw materials ready of step 1 by formula rate, makes it to dissolve fully and melt, and 700~1000 ℃ of lower insulations, obtains alloy melt after the refining; Melting process is finished in enclosed environment;
Step 3: use the mixed gas alloy melt of nitrogen or rare gas element or nitrogen and rare gas element arbitrary proportion to carry out the degassing and purifying operation, and continue ventilation until react complete; To account for simultaneously the AlH of total product mass percent 1.67%
3Powder joins in the alloy melt with above-mentioned gas in the fluidization mode; Stir, make AlH
3In alloy melt, be evenly distributed, and fully react with alloy melt; Leave standstill, temperature adjustment to 680~730 ℃, aluminium alloy is come out of the stove, and carries out respectively the Foundry Production of different goods along following two kinds of flow processs.
Flow process one: topple over along chute and to come out of the stove, to vertical water cooling casting machine system, the large-scale slab ingot that casting processing ingot blank, particularly cast thickness 500mm are above and the pole more than the diameter 500mm.
Flow process two: metaideophone enters in the mold of foundry goods, uses metal mold, sand mold or mixed type casting mode, adopts gravitational casting, pressure die casting or counter-pressure casting technique, the aluminum alloy casting of Casting Aluminum Alloy Based, particularly casting large-scale, thin-walled or complex construction.