CN102423840A - 一种爆炸加轧制半包铜铝复合排的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种爆炸加轧制半包铜铝复合排的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN102423840A
CN102423840A CN2011102780860A CN201110278086A CN102423840A CN 102423840 A CN102423840 A CN 102423840A CN 2011102780860 A CN2011102780860 A CN 2011102780860A CN 201110278086 A CN201110278086 A CN 201110278086A CN 102423840 A CN102423840 A CN 102423840A
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CN102423840B (zh
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苏海保
陈寿军
周景蓉
吴小玲
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Huangshan Shuntian Titanium New Material Technology Co ltd
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NANJING SANBOM METAL CLAD MATERIAL CO Ltd
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Abstract

爆炸加轧制半包铜铝复合排的制备方法,制备步骤是:选用铜层的厚度在0.5~5mm,铝基材的厚度在3~100mm;爆炸焊接:首先在夯实基础上水平放置表面打磨处理后的铝板,打磨面朝上并放置0.15mm厚的纯铜板制作成V字形支撑片,均匀摆放在铝基板与纯铜板之间控制二板间隙为3mm,纯铜板与铝板结合的表面亦打磨处理,纯铜板放在支撑片上,纯铜板最上方铺上膨化硝铵炸药,由边角起爆制成半成品;对半成品校平处理后对另一面进行第二次爆炸焊接纯铜板得到坯料;对坯料进行校平处理;然后轧制。用本发明生产出来的铜铝复合排具有贴合率98%以上、冶金结合强度高、质量上满足电器材料的使用要求;且铜层厚度可控和导电性能好。

Description

一种爆炸加轧制半包铜铝复合排的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种生产铜铝复合排的方法,是结合爆炸与轧制两种生产手段制作铜铝复合排的工艺方法,属于金属复合材料制造领域。
背景技术
铜铝复合排是铝排两个面上复合铜层的新型双金属复合导体材料,其特性介于铜铝之间,结合了铜的优良导电性和铝的重量轻的优点。电气设备对汇流排的要求主要是它的载流量和在发生短路故障时,铜铝复合排贴合强度高,能满足动热稳定的要求,也就是说它的电气性能和机械性能能够满足电气设备,而且密度小,能够大大的降低成本。
现在市场上的铜铝复合排有全包和半包(如图1所示)两种,本发明之前的方法主要采用冶金摩擦焊方法,也有采用电镀方法(并非冶金结合),但爆炸加轧制制备半包铜铝复合排生产方法更有意义。
发明内容
本发明目的是:提出一种爆炸加轧制半包铜铝复合排的制备方法,结合爆炸工艺和轧制工艺的优点,生产出来的铜铝复合排具有贴合率98%以上、冶金结合强度高、铜层厚度可控和导电性能好等特点。
本发明的技术方案是:爆炸加轧制半包铜铝复合排的制备方法,生产主要方式为先用爆炸焊接的方法生产出铜铝双金属坯料,再对坯料进行轧制及后续加工。其步骤是:选用铜层的厚度在0.5~5mm,尤其是1~2mm厚的,铝基材的厚度在3~100mm。铝基材的厚度尤其是在20~50mm。
1)、爆炸焊接
首先在夯实基础上水平放置表面打磨处理后的铝板,打磨面朝上并放置0.12mm ~0.15mm厚的纯铜板制作成V字形支撑片,均匀摆放在基覆板之间控制基覆板间隙为3mm,纯铜板与铝板结合的表示亦打磨处理,再将纯铜板放在支撑片上,最上方铺上膨化硝铵炸药,由边角起爆制成半成品。
对半成品校平处理后对另一面进行二次爆炸焊接,将半成品铝面打磨后朝上,自下而上放置支撑片、铜覆板、炸药,然后边角起爆,获得半包铜铝复合坯料。对坯料进行校平处理后,进入下道工序。
2)、轧制
对爆炸好的坯料进行轧制,轧制可选择四辊或两辊可逆(4-8道次,即来回4-8次)轧制,轧制速度为6~15m/min。视坯料厚度,进行多道次轧制,每道次变形量为15%~20%,防止因变形过大引发的轧裂现象。轧制过程中要在工作辊上喷洒特制的润滑液,用于降温、润滑,防止粘辊。轧制到要求尺寸后进行校平、裁剪、退火、拉拔成型以及抛光等工序。
本发明的有益效果是:用本发明生产出来的铜铝复合排具有贴合率98%以上、冶金结合强度高、质量上满足电器材料的使用要求;且铜层厚度可控和导电性能好等特点。尤其与其它方法相比,成本低,不需要投入大型设备,有利于降低复合排的生产成本。采用V字形支撑片能够炸飞,即使留在板间亦不影响材料的质量。
附图说明
图1 复合排示意图。
具体实施方式
下面具体说明本发明的实施方式。
实施例1、首先在夯实基础上水平放置表面打磨处理后的铝板2厚度为30mm,打磨面朝上并放置0.12mm厚的纯铜板1制作成V字形支撑片,均匀摆放在基覆板之间控制基覆板间隙为3.5mm,再将1.5,mm厚的纯铜板放在支撑片上,最上方铺上膨化硝铵炸药,药高为15mm,边角起爆制成半成品。再对半成品校平处理后对另一面进行二次爆炸焊接,将半成品铝面打磨后朝上,自下而上放置支撑片、铜覆板、炸药,然后边角起爆,参数同上,获得半包铜铝复合坯料;然后轧制坯料,轧速为10m/min,轧制6道次,最终厚度为10mm,同板差小于0.1mm;进行校平,剪裁为120mm宽的母线排;进行低温退火,温度350℃,时间1h;最后拉拔成型、抛光。最后得到双面铜层厚度为0.5mm,总厚度10mm的成品铜铝复合排。
实施例2、首先在夯实基础上水平放置表面打磨处理后的铝板厚度为20mm,打磨面朝上并放置0.12mm厚的纯铜板制作成V字形支撑片,均匀摆放在基覆板之间控制基覆板间隙为3mm,再将1.0mm厚的纯铜板放在支撑片上,最上方铺上膨化硝铵炸药,药高为12mm,边角起爆制成半成品。再对半成品校平处理后对另一面进行二次爆炸焊接,将半成品铝面打磨后朝上,自下而上放置支撑片、铜覆板、炸药,然后边角起爆,参数同上,获得半包铜铝复合坯料;然后轧制坯料,轧速为10m/min,轧制5道次,最终厚度为8mm,同板差小于0.1mm;进行校平,剪裁为80mm宽的母线排;进行低温退火,温度350℃,时间1.5h;最后拉拔成型、抛光。得到双面铜层厚度为0.38mm,总厚度8mm的成品铜铝复合排。
实施例3、首先在夯实基础上水平放置表面打磨处理后的铝板厚度为40mm,打磨面朝上并放置0.12mm厚的纯铜板制作成V字形支撑片,均匀摆放在基覆板之间控制基覆板间隙为2.5mm,再将2.0mm厚的纯铜板放在支撑片上,最上方铺上膨化硝铵炸药,药高为18mm,边角起爆制成半成品。再对半成品校平处理后对另一面进行二次爆炸焊接,将半成品铝面打磨后朝上,自下而上放置支撑片、铜覆板、炸药,然后边角起爆,参数同上,获得半包铜铝复合坯料;然后轧制坯料,轧速为10m/min,轧制4道次,最终厚度为18mm,同板差小于0.1mm;进行校平,剪裁为100mm宽的母线排;进行低温退火,温度300℃,时间4h;最后拉拔成型、抛光。得到双面铜层厚度为0.8mm,总厚度18mm的成品铜铝复合排。
用上述工艺方法制备的铜铝复合排,铜和铝双金属属于冶金结合,剪切强度τb ≥90Mpa,贴合率为98%,完全能进行弯曲和钻孔等加工,而且工艺简单,生产效率高。

Claims (6)

1.爆炸加轧制半包铜铝复合排的制备方法,其特征是制备步骤是:
选用铜层的厚度在0.5~5mm,铝基材的厚度在3~100mm; 
爆炸焊接:首先在夯实基础上水平放置表面打磨处理后的铝板,打磨面朝上并放置0.12mm~0.15mm厚的纯铜板制作成V字形支撑片,均匀摆放在铝基板与纯铜板之间控制二板间隙为3mm,纯铜板与铝板结合的表面亦打磨处理,纯铜板放在支撑片上,纯铜板最上方铺上膨化硝铵炸药,由边角起爆制成半成品;
对半成品校平处理后对另一面进行第二次爆炸焊接纯铜板得到坯料;对坯料进行校平处理;
轧制:对爆炸好的坯料进行轧制,轧制选择四辊或两辊可逆轧制,轧制速度为6~15m/min;进行多道次轧制,每道次变形量为15%~20%,轧制过程中要在工作辊上喷洒润滑液,用于降温、润滑,防止粘辊。
2.根据权利要求1所述爆炸加轧制半包铜铝复合排的制备方法,其特征是轧制到要求尺寸后进行校平、裁剪、退火、拉拔成型以及抛光工序。
3.根据权利要求1所述爆炸,其特征是用膨化硝铵炸药,采用0.12mm~0.15mm厚的铜片制作成V字形作为控制间隙的手段,在铜覆板上均匀铺上炸药。
4.根据权利要求1所述爆炸加轧制半包铜铝复合排的制备方法,其特征是铜层的厚度1-2mm厚,铝基材的厚在20-50mm。
5.根据权利要求2所述爆炸加轧制半包铜铝复合排的制备方法,其特征是退火过程中,采用温度为300~350℃,保温1~4h。
6.根据权利要求2所述爆炸加轧制半包铜铝复合排的制备方法,其特征是4-8道次轧制。
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CN113524817A (zh) * 2021-07-20 2021-10-22 湖南华冉科技有限公司 一种钽镍复合板及其制备方法

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CN113524817A (zh) * 2021-07-20 2021-10-22 湖南华冉科技有限公司 一种钽镍复合板及其制备方法

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