CN102422902A - Sea-buckthorn seed-grape seed composite vegetable bended oil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sea-buckthorn seed-grape seed composite vegetable bended oil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses sea-buckthorn seed-grape seed composite vegetable bended oil and a preparation method thereof. According to a weight ratio, grape seed oil is 20 to 40 percent, safflower seed oil is 10 to 50 percent, sea-buckthorn seed oil is 1 to 20 percent, sophora alopecuroide oil is 1 to 5 percent, and the balance is Sinkiang wild rapeseed oil; materials are respectively chosen, washed by water and ground; the materials are soaked in the mixed buffer solution of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate to inactivate enzyme, 1.5 percent of complex enzyme which is the mixture of alkali protease and cellulose according to 4:3 is adopted according to the material-to-solution ratio of 1:4 to carry out enzymolysis for 5 hours, enzymatic hydrolysate is kept still under 20 DEG C below the zero for 30 minutes after enzymolysis under 70 DEG C, and after the enzymatic hydrolysate is melted under the room temperature, centrifugated for two times, crude oil is separated; and the crude oil is added into a blending tank, kept at 45 DEG C, added with 0.01 to 0.02 percent of tea polyphenol, stirred at constant speed for 15 minutes, filtered and filled, and thereby the finished vegetable bended oil product is obtained. The composite vegetable bended oil prepared by the invention has a broad application value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to natural plant compound oil goods and preparing technical field, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of natural grape seed plant blend oil and preparing technical field thereof.
Background technology
As everyone knows, in all compositions of human foods, grease is the highest as the value of the life energy, and its heat is 37.7kJ/g, exceeds about one times in protein and carbohydrate.Oil prodution industry can be described as an eternal cause of human's demand, and the developing oil prodution industry prospect of China is very wide, it is predicted that the year two thousand twenty reaches the China of 1,500,000,000 populations, if press the pre-capita consumption 14kg/a estimation that FAO recommends.The grease aggregate consumption is 21Mt, promptly except that needs import 7Mt.Domestic still thunderbolt is produced the 14Mt edible oil, and national thus oil plant processing capacity also will increase by 72% on basis in 2000.
Along with the fast development of China's economy and the raising year by year of living standards of the people, people also improve constantly the demand of edible oil and fat amount and matter.Edible oil and fat are parts of human diet, also are the main sources of needed by human body energy and necessary aliphatic acid, and aliphatic acid is divided into three major types: saturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acid.1977, the Journal of Nutrition of the World Food Programme and health organization (FAO/WHO) proposed saturated fatty acid: monounsaturated fatty acids: polyunsaturated fatty acid: 1: 1: 1 according to nutrition knowledge at that time.In the past people to and saturated fatty acid is familiar to the harm of human body, and new research shows, and is different with ω-6 fat ratio with wherein ω-3 in the different polyunsaturated fatty acids, and the effect of human body is also had very big difference.ω-6 aliphatic acid is divalence unrighted acid linoleic acid, and the aliphatic acid of high price more, is ω-3 type aliphatic acid like the arachidonic acid of the leukotrienes of trivalent, tetravalence, EPA, DHA etc.The nutrition concept in past thinks that the linoleic acid of ω-6 type is senior vegetable oil, and ω-3 type aliphatic acid unsaturated bond is many, is prone to oxidative rancidity.And people's research at present shows; ω-3 type aliphatic acid does not only make free radical increase; Can also suppress the generation of free radical, because people are to the new knowledge of the aliphatic acid of ω-3 type, this thinks that in the past unnecessary composition studies to people to leukotrienes again.
Current, along with the mankind constantly study the trophism of human body fat and aliphatic acid, new results continue to bring out: full--can cause obesity and cardiovascular disease with a large amount of absorptions of aliphatic acid; Monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acid can reduce cholesterol levels; Linoleic acid plus linolenic acid is the essential fatty acid of two kinds of human bodies; Belong to n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid respectively; They can produce DHA through metabolism in human body be that DHA, M are arachidonic acid; These two kinds of aliphatic acid are that very important aliphatic acid in the human body, the particularly growth to brain play an important role.But the nutritionist also finds: polyunsaturated fatty acid is prone to produce lipid peroxidation, and pair cell can cause certain damage with tissue, and the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid also suppresses the effect of immunologic function in addition, and these factors can be brought out the generation of cancer; Monounsaturated fatty acids is helpful to reducing body's cholesterol, but monounsaturated fatty acids can not be converted into essential fatty acid in human body, therefore can not substitute polyunsaturated fatty acid with monounsaturated fatty acids.Get into the nineties in 20th century, the mankind also study the proportionate relationship of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, and are used for practice very soon.
The various countries nutritionist points out; When considering the absorption of fat; Not only to consider the intake of fat; And the necessary ratio of considering saturated fatty acid, polyunsaturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acids three, the while also will be considered the ratio of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid in polyunsaturated fatty acid.The World Health Organization (WHO) and FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) (FAO) suggestion, the ratio of three kinds of aliphatic acid is with saturated fatty acid in the fat of taking in human body every day: monounsaturated fatty acids: polyunsaturated fatty acid=be advisable at 1: 1: 1.Publish in October, 2000; " DRIs .Chinese DRIs " book of writing by Chinese Soclety of Nutrition; Be China to various diet nutritionals with reference to the research of intake and the up-to-date summary of application; This book is much more comprehensive and perfect than " every day of recommendation is the nutrient allowance in the meals " of Chinese Soclety of Nutrition in 1988; And, the intake of some nutrients has been done modification according to international and domestic newest research results, can take in China resident's diet nutritional and play a good directive function.In this book, China resident has been done to revise and the absorption ratio of forming fatty main matter-various aliphatic acid has been made following recommendation to the intake of fat: the percentage that the fatty intake of being grown up accounts for gross energy is 20-30%; Wherein saturated fat is less than 10%; Single unsaturated fat 10%; Polyunsaturated fat 10%, (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acid: (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid=(4-6): 1, that is to say monounsaturated fatty acids: polyunsaturated fatty acid=1: 1; The ratio of saturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acids is less than 1, the n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid: the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid=(4-6): 1.
Existing plant oil condition: people are when taking in animal food; Can take in the saturated fat is main fat; Therefore during feeding plant oil, should reduce the absorption of saturated fat and increase unsaturated fatty absorption, with the absorption that reaches aliphatic acid more near the recommendation of Chinese Soclety of Nutrition.For unrighted acid; Absorption except that vegetable oil; Different unrighted acid intakes are difficult to confirm; But most of Chinese edible oil is main with vegetable oil, thus the unrighted acid of vegetable oil to form the recommendation ratio meet Chinese Soclety of Nutrition be that very great nutritional significance is arranged to Chinese.
The primary raw material oil of the edible blend oil on the existing market is rapeseed oil; Add a small amount of peanut oil and sesame oil and regulate fragrance; The also adding part soybean oil that also has reduces cost; Do not control but the aliphatic acid of final products is formed, form the higher and quantity not sufficient of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid of the content of its monounsaturated fatty acids from its aliphatic acid.Peanut ready-mixed oil on the market is to be primary raw material with peanut oil, adds rapeseed oil or soybean oil to reduce cost, and satisfies people the price that the demand of peanut oil local flavor again can be lower is bought.From the composition of peanut ready-mixed oil aliphatic acid, its n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid contain quantity not sufficient.Also there are some small enterprises to produce some nutrient blend oils; These nutrient blend oils are to select the higher oil of a kind of price such as safflower seed oil, linseed oil, tomato seed oil etc. for use; Adding rape oil or soya-bean oil are in harmonious proportion and get, and its product mainly is to stress to contain a large amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid or leukotrienes, and the ready-mixed oil of the polyunsaturated fatty acid of this emphasical high level is unscientific; It particularly is main ready-mixed oil with the linseed oil; Linolenic content is quite high, and this ready-mixed oil should use just more science simultaneously with the oil of other kinds, and a large amount of eating human body is disadvantageous.
Simultaneously, there are many technical problems in traditional oil plant reparation technology.In the milling process, supporting equipment is few, and technology is simple; Can make product keep original flavour, but this method residual oil content high (can reach 7～10%), cost is high, power consumption is big, labour intensity is big; And the protein denaturation degree in the grouts of squeezing back is high; Protein utilization rate is low, generally can only be used as fertilizer, thereby has wasted a large amount of quality plant albumen; In the lixiviation process, residual oil content is low, production efficiency is high, but this method equipment is many, the investment big; And the composition of crude oil is complicated, needs through further refining treatment, and is big to the flavor loss of oil product, and leaching oil colours pool is darker; With an organic solvent reduce the security of producing, increased the loaded down with trivial details property of technology, caused the pollution of environment; Meeting residual minim organic solvent in the while product oil, this is unfavorable to human beings'health, needs badly from edible oil, and particularly the edible blend oil aspect need be reformed from the fabricating technology aspect.
Xinjiang Wild Rape is the wild population that wild mustard is distributed in Chinese Xinjiang; It is Cruciferae sinapsis alba platymiscium; Its seed linoleic acid content is high, amino acid composition is low than balance, erucic acid and thioglucose salidroside content; And have sterile cytoplasm, be the valuable nearly edge wild germplasm of the rape resource of China.
Safflower seed oil mainly contains linoleic acid, and linoleic acid is the important component part of human body cell, and it mainly acts on is conversion and the drainage of quickening cholesterol in the blood plasma, to reducing cholesterol good effect is arranged.Say that from structure linoleic acid can be combined into the fat cholesterol with cholesterol, and then impel it to be degraded to cholic acid and drain, be used for the prevention and the treatment of hyperlipemia and atherosclerosis clinically so have and reduce the effect of triglycerides in the cholesterol and blood plasma in the blood plasma.Linoleic acid is the main matter of human body synthesis of prostaglandins, and it has the effect that prevents thrombosis, hemangiectasis.To delaying or eliminating malignant tumour incidental partial lethal blood in late period complication effect is arranged.These complication comprise infarction of spleen that thrombocythemia causes, myocardial infarction (coronary artery obstruction), intravascular coagulation etc.
Be rich in the white anthocyanidin of biological activity, guassin, cumarin, 5 mouthfuls-hydroxytryptamine etc. in the Seabuckthorm Seed Oil and have tangible active anticancer and antitumaous effect.Cancer cell in the human body is had certain inhibition and lethal effect, also have the effect of blocking-up carcinogenic factor.And can strengthen resistivity through improving cancer patient's autoimmune function to cancer, and alleviate the toxic and side effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, promote cancer patient's rehabilitation.Apparent in view to the cancer effect of digestive systems such as cancer of the stomach, cancer of the esophagus, the carcinoma of the rectum, liver cancer especially.
Sophora alopecuroide (Sophora alopecuroides L.) has effects such as " clearing heat and detoxicating, anti-inflammation, diuresis is reduced internal heat, pain relieving is calm ".In recent years; Medical circle discovers further that to the pharmacological action of Sophora alopecuroide its kind subdivision contains multiple alkaloid, and allergy, tumour, hepatitis B and arrhythmia cordis are had better curative effect; Effect such as also have increasing leukocyte, relieving asthma, its product has been widely used in clinical treatment.The Banlangen that Sophora alopecuroide seed extracting section goes out contains 28 kinds of single alkali of biology, and wherein isolated sparteine still is a kind of extraordinary cardiotonic, and matrine has very strong sterilizing function, and development and use Sophora alopecuroide edible oil has higher medical value.
Grape-kernel oil (Grape seed Oil) is because of having the effect of health care, beauty treatment, and price is very expensive.Because of it contains rich in protein, crude fat, each seed amino acid, vitamin and mineral matter etc., be widely used, grape pip also contains choline: 279mg/kg; Hydrochloric acid: 20mg/kg; Pantothenic acid: 34mg/kg, vitamin B1: 0.17mg/kg, vitamin B2: 2.5mg/kg.Grape-kernel oil is a grape seed via refining the forming of the five-star mode of colding pressing, and is beautiful and natural faint yellow or light green, be in the base oil quite welcome and effect tall and erect one of kind.Grape-kernel oil has the characteristic of Nantural non-toxic, so children, pregnant woman, old man and sportsman are all suitable.Grape-kernel oil contains abundant vitamin E, and contains anti-oxidant-anthocyanidin (OPC) that nature name, particularly contains two kinds of very important elements, linolenic acid and proanthocyanidin, and linoleic acid content reaches more than 70%.Linolenic acid can be resisted free radical, and is anti-aging, helps to absorb vitamin C and E, strengthens the elasticity of the circulatory system, reduces ultraviolet injury, and the collagen in the protection skin improves venous engorgement and oedema, the prevention melanin deposition.Proanthocyanidin has the protection blood vessel elasticity, and the protection skin avoids ultraviolet afflicting with great suffering torment, and the destruction of prevention collagenous fibres and elastomer makes skin keep due elasticity and tension force, avoids skin sagging and wrinkle to produce.Penetration is strong, and salubrious non-greasy is very easily absorbed by skin, and any skin matter all is suitable for.So grape-kernel oil reduces cholesterol in the blood; Prevent thrombosis; The hemangiectasis effect; Have nourishing brain cell simultaneously, regulate neuro vegetative effect, effectively prevent the various diseases that cardiovascula arteriosclerosis causes, its nutritive value and medical function all obtain domestic and international medical circle and nutritionist's abundant affirmation.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to exist the irrational shortcoming of fatty acid proportion to existing each vegetable oil and plant blend oil; With reference to recommended intake and the recommendation ratio of Chinese Soclety of Nutrition to Chinese residents fat and aliphatic acid; Utilize Xinjiang to be rich in the strong grape-kernel oil of featured function property, Xinjiang Wild Rape seed oil, safflower seed oil, Seabuckthorm Seed Oil and sophora alopecuroide oil; Through the science assembly; A kind of suitable processing technology is provided, obtains to provide a kind of seabuckthorn seeds grape pip composite plant ready-mixed oil and preparation method thereof.
The objective of the invention is to realize like this: adopt aqueous enzymatic method-freeze thawing coupling technique to extract grape-kernel oil, Xinjiang Wild Rape seed oil, safflower seed oil, Seabuckthorm Seed Oil and sophora alopecuroide oil; Through the science assembly, obtain nourishing healthy plant blend oil goods provided by the invention.
Particularly, the invention provides a kind of seabuckthorn seeds grape pip composite plant ready-mixed oil, the vegetable oil components based on weight percentage; Grape-kernel oil is 20～40%, and safflower seed oil is 10～50%, and Seabuckthorm Seed Oil is 1～20%; Sophora alopecuroide oil is 1～5%, and surplus is an Xinjiang Wild Rape seed oil.
Simultaneously, added the lipid-antioxidant activity stabilizing agent Tea Polyphenols to the human body beneficial in the above-mentioned vegetable oil, it is heavy by 0.01～0.02% that its addition is respectively oil.
Each vegetable oil in the raw material of the present invention all can derive from commercially available finished product; Because the vegetable oil raw material receives some factors such as condition effect such as the place of production, kind, weather, extraction and processing technology; It not is a fixing value that its various fat are formed, but some fluctuations, the therefore raw material new to each batch are arranged; Must use chromatograph to monitor and control in process of production, aliphatic acid formed reached requirement.
Simultaneously, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of seabuckthorn seeds grape pip composite plant ready-mixed oil, prepare seabuckthorn seeds grape pip composite plant ready-mixed oil through adopting aqueous enzymatic method-freeze thawing coupling technique, the concrete grammar step is following:
(1) cleaning: choose the surperficial impurity of grape pip, Xinjiang Wild Rape seed, kardiseed, seabuckthorn seeds and Sophora alopecuroide water flush away full, no disease and pest respectively and dry surface moisture;
(2) pulverize: pulverize evenly with miniature Universalpulverizer, prepare raw material;
(3) enzyme that goes out: take by weighing the raw material that above-mentioned steps provides respectively, sodium carbonate and sodium acid carbonate are by the mixed liquor buffer solution (mol/L) of 1: 9 (m/v) solid-liquid ratio, and adjust pH is 7,50 ℃ and soaks 1h, 100 ℃ of enzyme 5min that go out;
(4) enzymolysis: the complex enzyme that adopts alkali protease and cellulase to mix according to 4: 3 (m/m), solid-liquid ratio is 1: 4 (m/v), and enzymolysis time is 5h, and the enzyme addition is 1.5%, and hydrolysis temperature is to carry out enzymolysis under 70 ℃ of conditions;
(5) freezing and melt: enzymolysis places ultra low temperature freezer in-20 ℃ of held 30min enzymolysis liquid after accomplishing, and at room temperature melts afterwards;
(6) centrifugal: centrifugal 20min under the 4000r/min rotating speed, and carry out secondary centrifuging, separate crude oil;
(7) each crude oil that above-mentioned steps is obtained, according to containing vegetable oil composition weight percentage composition be: grape-kernel oil is 20～40%, and safflower seed oil is 10～50%, and Seabuckthorm Seed Oil is 1～20%, and sophora alopecuroide oil is 1～5%, and adds Xinjiang Wild Rape seed oil; Ratio in each vegetable oil component adds in the material-compound tank, maintains 45 ℃, adds Tea Polyphenols according to 0.01～0.02%, at the uniform velocity stirs filtration, the canned plant blend oil finished product that promptly gets 15 minutes.
Among the present invention, the physical and chemical index of grease is measured and is adopted this area common method, and average oil content adopts the Suo Shi extraction process; Peroxide value is pressed GB/T5538-2005 vegetable fat check peroxide value determination method and is measured; Acid value is pressed GB/T553O-2005 animal and plant fat acid value and acidity assaying; Iodine value is pressed GB/T5532-1995 vegetable oil iodine value and is measured; Saponification value is pressed GB/T5534-1985 saponification value of lipids determination method.
Through the concrete summary of the invention of embodiment of the present invention, can reach following effect:
1, prior art is known, and the aqueous enzymatic method oil extracting process is to add water raw material is worn into slurry earlier, and then enzyme-added, water is as decentralized photo, and enzyme is hydrolyzed at this aqueous phase, and oil is separated from solids.Utilize the affine difference of non-oil component (protein and carbohydrate) to oil and water; And profit proportion is different and oil is separated with non-oil component; Compare simple to operate, the safety of aqueous enzymatic method, solvent-free pollution with traditional oil extracting process; Both shorten process route, guaranteed the quality of oil and fat product again.The present invention adopts aqueous enzymatic method-freeze thawing coupling technique to prepare the nourishing healthy plant blend oil not only to have improved oil extracting rate, and keeps oil quality preferably.
2, in ready-mixed oil finished product of the present invention; Born of the same parents and aliphatic acid are not 15～45% more than the ω-6; More than the ω-3 not born of the same parents and aliphatic acid be 4～5%, make the nutritious of ready-mixed oil, fatty acid structure is reasonable; For the generation that reduces people's angiocardiopathy and cancer, strengthen the healthy significant of people.In vegetable oil, added stabilizing agent Tea Polyphenols and VE, promptly kept the stability of ready-mixed oil the human body beneficial, again can be not harmful.
3, in ready-mixed oil finished product of the present invention; The weight percentage that the various aliphatic acid of composition fat account for TFA does; Saturated fatty acid 7%-17%, monounsaturated fatty acids 41%-47%, n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid 35%-39%; N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid 5%-9%, and total polyunsaturated fatty acid is 41-47%.The optimum weight percentage composition that various aliphatic acid account for TFA is saturated fatty acid 12%, monounsaturated fatty acids 44%, n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid 36.7%, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid 7.3%.
The specific embodiment
Below, lift embodiment the present invention is described, still, the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.In addition, in following explanation, if no special instructions, % all refers to the m/m mass percent.
Equipment and material have among the present invention:
Grape pip, Xinjiang Wild Rape seed, kardiseed, seabuckthorn seeds and Sophora alopecuroide all are common in the market, Xinjiang; Acidic cellulase, alkali protease, neutral proteinase: outstanding promise biology enzyme Co., Ltd; Chloroform-glacial acetic acid mixed liquor (getting chloroform 40mL ice acetic acid 60mL); Saturated solution of potassium iodide: analyze pure; Sodium thiosulfate: analyze pure; Neutral ether: analyze pure; 1% phenolphthalein ethanolic solution; 0.01mol/L hypo solution: analyze pure; 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxid standard liquid: analyze pure; Deionized water (laboratory self-control); It is pure that used other reagent are analysis in the experiment.
KQ-C glass apparatus airflow drying device (magnificent instrument plant desired to give in Gong Yi city English); HH-2 digital display thermostat water bath (Jintan City's Medical Instruments factory); XMT-DA digital display adjusting apparatus (Jin Yao city AsiaSat instrument and meter Co., Ltd); PHS-3C laboratory PH meter (going up marine rainbow benefit instrument and meter Co., Ltd); TDL-5-A Series Centrifugal machine (Anting Scientific Instrument Factory, Shanghai); FW-100 high speed Universalpulverizer (the bright forever Medical Instruments in Beijing factory); Rotary evaporator RE-52AA (Shanghai Yarong Biochemical Instrument Plant); Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) (VARIAN CP-3800/Saturn2000) (VARIAN Oncology Systems).
All reagent selected for use among the present invention and instrument all are well known selecting for use, but do not limit enforcement of the present invention, and other reagent more well known in the art and equipment are all applicable to the enforcement of the following embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment one:
The invention provides a kind of seabuckthorn seeds grape pip composite plant ready-mixed oil, the vegetable oil components based on weight percentage, grape-kernel oil is 20%, and safflower seed oil is 10%, and Seabuckthorm Seed Oil is 20%, and sophora alopecuroide oil is 1%, surplus is an Xinjiang Wild Rape seed oil.Simultaneously, added lipid-antioxidant activity stabilizing agent Tea Polyphenols in the above-mentioned vegetable oil to the human body beneficial, its addition be respectively total oil heavy 0.01%.
Adopt aqueous enzymatic method-freeze thawing coupling technique to prepare a kind of method of seabuckthorn seeds grape pip composite plant ready-mixed oil, the concrete grammar step is following:
(1) cleaning: choose the surperficial impurity of grape pip, Xinjiang Wild Rape seed, kardiseed, seabuckthorn seeds and Sophora alopecuroide water flush away full, no disease and pest respectively and dry surface moisture;
(2) pulverize: pulverize evenly with miniature Universalpulverizer, prepare raw material;
(3) enzyme that goes out: take by weighing the raw material that above-mentioned steps provides respectively, sodium carbonate and sodium acid carbonate are by the mixed liquor buffer solution (mol/L) of 1: 9 (m/v) solid-liquid ratio, and adjust pH is 7,50 ℃ and soaks 1h, 100 ℃ of enzyme 5min that go out;
(4) enzymolysis: the complex enzyme that adopts alkali protease and cellulase to mix according to 4: 3 (m/m), solid-liquid ratio is 1: 4 (m/v), and enzymolysis time is 5h, and the enzyme addition is 1.5%, and hydrolysis temperature is to carry out enzymolysis under 70 ℃ of conditions;
(5) freezing and melt: enzymolysis places ultra low temperature freezer in-20 ℃ of held 30min enzymolysis liquid after accomplishing, and at room temperature melts afterwards;
(6) centrifugal: centrifugal 20min under the 4000r/min rotating speed, and carry out secondary centrifuging, separate crude oil;
(7) each crude oil that above-mentioned steps is obtained in the ratio adding material-compound tank according to each vegetable oil component, maintains 45 ℃, behind the interpolation Tea Polyphenols, at the uniform velocity stirs 15 minutes filtration, the canned plant blend oil finished product that promptly gets.
Embodiment two:
Each crude oil that the step that provides according to embodiment one obtains, according to containing vegetable oil composition weight percentage composition be: grape-kernel oil is 40%, and safflower seed oil is 10%, and Seabuckthorm Seed Oil is 1%, and sophora alopecuroide oil is 5%, and adds Xinjiang Wild Rape seed oil; Ratio in each vegetable oil component adds in the material-compound tank, maintains 45 ℃, adds Tea Polyphenols according to 0.02%, at the uniform velocity stirs filtration, the canned plant blend oil finished product that promptly gets 15 minutes.
Embodiment three:
Each crude oil that the step that provides according to embodiment one obtains, according to containing vegetable oil composition weight percentage composition be: grape-kernel oil is 30%, and safflower seed oil is 20%, and Seabuckthorm Seed Oil is 10%, and sophora alopecuroide oil is 2%, and adds Xinjiang Wild Rape seed oil; Ratio in each vegetable oil component adds in the material-compound tank, maintains 45 ℃, adds Tea Polyphenols according to 0.02%, at the uniform velocity stirs filtration, the canned plant blend oil finished product that promptly gets 15 minutes.
Embodiment four:
Each crude oil that the step that provides according to embodiment one obtains, according to containing vegetable oil composition weight percentage composition be: grape-kernel oil is 20%, and safflower seed oil is 50%, and Seabuckthorm Seed Oil is 5%, and sophora alopecuroide oil is 4%, and adds Xinjiang Wild Rape seed oil; Ratio in each vegetable oil component adds in the material-compound tank, maintains 45 ℃, adds Tea Polyphenols according to 0.02%, at the uniform velocity stirs filtration, the canned plant blend oil finished product that promptly gets 15 minutes.
Embodiment five:
According to the above-mentioned plant blend oil for preparing; Through detecting the ready-mixed oil composition, the weight percentage that the various aliphatic acid of composition fat account for TFA is saturated fatty acid 7%-17%; Monounsaturated fatty acids 41%-47%; N-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid 35%-39%, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid 5%-9%, and total polyunsaturated fatty acid is 41-47%.The optimum weight percentage composition that various aliphatic acid account for TFA is saturated fatty acid 12%, monounsaturated fatty acids 44%, n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid 36.7%, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid 7.3%.
The present invention is on the basis of Chinese Soclety of Nutrition to the recommended intake of Chinese residents fat and aliphatic acid and the ratio of recommendation, considers that existing vegetable oil resource and resident's fat is taken in situation, selection more than three kinds or three kinds vegetable oil be in harmonious proportion; And aliphatic acid formed be controlled at saturated fatty acid 7%-17%; Monounsaturated fatty acids 41%-47%, n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid 35%-39%, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid 5%-9%; And total polyunsaturated fatty acid is 41-47%; Optimum is that the composition with aliphatic acid is controlled at saturated fatty acid 12%, monounsaturated fatty acids 44%, n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid 36.7%; N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid 7.3%; Total polyunsaturated fatty acid 44% makes monounsaturated fatty acids: how unsaturated fat acid 21: 1, n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid: n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid=5: 1.This plant blend oil of the present invention is fit to the nutritional requirement of Chinese residents to vegetable oil very much; Can make Chinese residents more reasonable to the absorption of fat; Improve the trophic structure of the fat of one of three big ability source nutrients, for the crucial meaning that has that reduces Chinese residents angiocardiopathy and cancer.In addition, each vegetable oil raw material that this plant blend oil of the present invention is selected for use, all very big in Chinese output, therefore can produce in a large number for a long time to satisfy the demand of average Chinese resident, good and cheap.
Embodiment six: the mensuration of average oil content
Sample with the 3g left and right sides porphyrize of packing in the filter paper packet of having weighed; Seal bag mouthful, put into 105 ± 2 ℃ the dry 3h of baking oven, move to and put into the extracting tube with long forceps after being cooled to room temperature in the drier; Inject 1.67 times absolute ether of a siphon amount, the sample bag is immersed in the ether fully.Connect the extractor each several part; Connect the condensed water current, in water bath with thermostatic control, carry out extracting, regulate water temperature between 70～80 ℃; Make the ether of following of condensation become beaded (reflux 7 times/more than the h), extracting (approximately need 6～12h) till with filter paper drop inspection oil stains-less to extracting ether in the tube.After extracting finishes, take out filter paper packet, make ether volatilization (the extracting room temperature is advisable with 12～25 ℃) in the ventilation with long forceps.Ether in the extraction flask reclaims separately.Treat after the ether volatilization filter paper packet to be placed the 105+2 ℃ of dry 2h of baking oven, put into drier and be cooled to till the constant weight.
Crude fat content W (%)=(b-c)/(b-a) * 100%
In the formula: a: measuring cup adds filter paper packet heavy (g)
B: measuring cup adds filter paper packet and oven dry appearance heavy (g)
C: solid residue weighed (g) after measuring cup added filter paper packet and extracting
Record the oil content of grape pip by traditional Suo Shi extraction process.
Embodiment seven: the selection of enzyme and the mensuration of enzyme activity
1. the mensuration of enzyme activity
(1) mensuration of prolease activity
1. reagent
0.1mol/L sodium carbonate---sodium bicarbonate buffer liquid (pH10);
5% trichloroacetic acid;
1% casein solution:
Taking by weighing 5 gram caseins and place 500ml 0.1mol/L sodium carbonate---sodium bicarbonate buffer liquid (pH10), heating makes its dissolving.
0.4mol/L sodium carbonate liquor;
100 μ g/ml tyrosine solutions;
Folin reagent:
In 2000ml ground reflux, add sodium tungstate (Na2WO4.2H20) 100 grams, sodium molybdate (Na2MO2.2H20) 25 grams add 700 milliliters in water, 50 milliliters of 85% phosphoric acid, and 100 milliliters of concentrated hydrochloric acids, slow fire refluxed 10 hours.Take off reflux condenser, add lithium sulfate 50 grams, several of 50 milliliters in water and dense bromine waters (99%) were boiled 15 minutes again; To remove unnecessary bromine (still having green need add bromine water again after cold), cooling adds water and is settled to 1000 milliliters, mixing; Filter, it is golden yellow that the reagent that makes should show, and stores in the brown bottle.
2. step
The extraction of a, enzyme liquid
Take by weighing 1 gram crude enzyme preparation and place mortar, add low amounts of water and grind together, be settled to 100ml then, from volumetric flask, take out 1ml enzyme liquid and be settled to 100ml again, the enzyme liquid that the enzyme liquid after the dilution obtains clarifying after filter paper filters.
The mensuration of b, enzyme activity
Sample cell: (0.1～1.0ml) also supplies volume to 1.0ml with 0.1mol/L sodium carbonate-sodium bicarbonate buffer liquid (pH10) to get the different enzyme liquid of measuring; In each sample cell, add 1ml then more in advance in 1% casein solution of 40 ℃ of insulations; Mixing 40 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes, respectively adds the 2ml5% trichloroacetic acid immediately; Shake up rapidly, place half an hour in room temperature.
Blank pipe: in every test tube, add 1.0ml 1% casein solution and 2.0ml5% trichloroacetic acid earlier, after shaking up, add the enzyme liquid (enzyme liquid concentration is identical with sample cell respectively) of 1.0ml again,, below operate same sample cell 40 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes.With enzyme reaction mixture filtering and collecting filter liquid; In 1ml filtrating, add 5ml0.4mol/L sodium carbonate liquor and 1ml Folin reagent; Shaking up the back and in 40 ℃ of waters bath with thermostatic control, developed the color 20 minutes, is contrast with blank tube reaction liquid, the absorbance of reactant liquor in the working sample pipe under 680nm.
3. the calculating of enzyme activity:
Enzyme activity (gram enzyme preparation units)=4/10 * K * OD * n
In the formula 4---the reactant mixture cumulative volume is 4ml
10---the enzyme reaction time is 10 minutes
K---the OD value is 1 o'clock suitable tyrosine micrograms in the calibration curve
N---the extension rate of enzyme liquid
(2) mensuration of cellulase activity is pressed the assay method mensuration of GB/T23881-2009 feeding cellulase vigor.
(3) enzyme of different enzymes is lived
By the enzyme activity determination experimental result, drawing standard curve, the regression equation of cellulase activity are Y=0.0088X-0.0109 (R
2=0.9962), good in 10～50mg/mL scope internal linear relation.At wavelength 540nm place, by experiment gained absorbance, the substitution formula records cellulosic enzyme activity.Regression equation Y=0.0086X-0.0073 (the R of protease
2=0.9975), good in 10～60ug/mL scope internal linear relation.At wavelength 660nm place, by experiment gained absorbance, the substitution formula records the enzyme activity of two kinds of protease.
Through enzyme activity determination, the enzyme activity of three kinds of different enzymes such as following table:
The enzyme of the different enzymes of table 1 is lived
| The enzyme title | Alkali protease | Neutral proteinase | Cellulase |
| Enzyme (U/g) alive | 12.9×10 1 | 29×10 1 | 15×10 1 |
2. the righttest single enzyme is confirmed
The selection of enzyme is 1: 7 with fixing solid-liquid ratio, and three kinds of enzymes are lived addition/substrate than identical time of effect down at the righttest separately pH, temperature and identical enzyme respectively, and relatively the oil extracting rate of three kinds of enzymes draws best enzyme.Under the constant prerequisite of best enzyme addition, it is compound to add other enzymes, draws best enzyme combination.
The enzymatic hydrolysis condition of the different enzymes of table 2 and oil yield
| Enzyme | React initial pH | Hydrolysis temperature (℃) | Enzymolysis time (h) | Oil yield (%) |
| Control group | 60 | ?4 | 25.48 | |
| Neutral proteinase | 7.5 | 60 | ?4 | 50.59 |
| Alkali protease | 9.0 | 60 | ?4 | 59.16 |
| Cellulase | 5.5 | 55 | ?4 | 45.04 |
Can know by table 2; The ability that three kinds of different enzymes improve oily yield is followed successively by: alkali protease＞neutral proteinase＞cellulase, and wherein best with the alkali protease action effect, the grape-kernel oil yield is 59.16%; The grape-kernel oil yield that cellulase degradation obtains is minimum, is 45.04%.
3. complex enzyme is confirmed
Fixedly solid-liquid ratio is 1: 7, and add other enzymes at the righttest pH of best enzyme, temperature and under the constant prerequisite of alkali protease addition compound, is index with the oil extracting rate, confirms optimum complex enzyme.
The different enzyme combinations of table 3 are to the influence of grape-kernel oil yield
Annotate: [1] adds cellulase again for adding alkali protease earlier;
[2] add alkali protease again for adding cellulase earlier
Can know that by table 3 alkali protease and other enzyme recombination energy significantly improve oily yield.But add alkali protease earlier and add cellulase again, oily yield slightly descends on the contrary, this possibly be because; The action pH slant acidity of cellulase, under the study condition of this oil extracting process, the sedimentation of partially protein molecule degeneration; Wrap up a part of oil simultaneously, thereby reduced oily yield.Finally confirm the process conditions of selecting for use alkali protease and cellulase to add simultaneously.
Complex enzyme is to be mixed by alkali protease and cellulase, and market is seen various alkali proteases usually and all is fit to technical scheme provided by the invention, the also suitable technical scheme provided by the invention of various cellulases.
Claims (2)
1. a seabuckthorn seeds grape pip composite plant ready-mixed oil is characterized in that, by weight percentage, grape-kernel oil is 20～40%, and safflower seed oil is 10～50%, and Seabuckthorm Seed Oil is 1～20%, and sophora alopecuroide oil is 1～5%, and surplus is an Xinjiang Wild Rape seed oil; Simultaneously, re-add 0.01% Tea Polyphenols by total oil in the above-mentioned vegetable oil.
2. the preparation method of a seabuckthorn seeds grape pip composite plant ready-mixed oil prepares a kind of seabuckthorn seeds grape pip composite plant ready-mixed oil through adopting aqueous enzymatic method-freeze thawing coupling process, it is characterized in that described concrete extraction step is following:
(1) cleaning: choose the surperficial impurity of grape pip, Xinjiang Wild Rape seed, kardiseed, seabuckthorn seeds and Sophora alopecuroide water flush away full, no disease and pest respectively and dry surface moisture;
(2) pulverize: pulverize evenly with miniature Universalpulverizer, prepare raw material;
(3) enzyme that goes out: take by weighing the raw material that above-mentioned steps provides respectively, sodium carbonate and sodium acid carbonate are by the mixed liquor buffer solution (mol/L) of 1: 9 (m/v) solid-liquid ratio, and adjust pH is 7,50 ℃ and soaks 1h, 100 ℃ of enzyme 5min that go out;
(4) enzymolysis: the complex enzyme that adopts alkali protease and cellulase to mix according to 4: 3 (m/m), solid-liquid ratio is 1: 4 (m/v), and enzymolysis time is 5h, and the enzyme addition is 1.5%, and hydrolysis temperature is to carry out enzymolysis under 70 ℃ of conditions;
(5) freezing and melt: enzymolysis places ultra low temperature freezer in-20 ℃ of held 30min enzymolysis liquid after accomplishing, and at room temperature melts afterwards;
(6) centrifugal: centrifugal 20min under the 4000r/min rotating speed, and carry out secondary centrifuging, separate crude oil;
(7) each crude oil that above-mentioned steps is obtained in the ratio adding material-compound tank according to each vegetable oil component, maintains 45 ℃, behind the interpolation Tea Polyphenols, at the uniform velocity stirs 15 minutes filtration, the canned plant blend oil finished product that promptly gets.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN103194309A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-07-10 | 沈阳农业大学 | Method for preparing corylus avellana-corylus heterophylla fisch hybrid hazelnut oil by aqueous enzymatic method |
| CN103351944A (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2013-10-16 | 石河子市天成油脂有限公司 | Method for extracting grape seed oil by cold pressing |
| CN103602515A (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2014-02-26 | 天津国纳科技发展有限公司 | Production technology of grape seed oil for beauty treatment |
| CN104886264A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2015-09-09 | 洛阳春魁农业开发有限公司 | Teenager special dietary peony seed nutritional blend oil |
| CN104886269A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2015-09-09 | 洛阳春魁农业开发有限公司 | Female special dietary peony seed nutritional blend oil |
| CN105331439A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-02-17 | 东北农业大学 | Method for extracting soybean blend oil and compound protein by using aqueous enzymatic method |
| CN107019054A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-08 | 蚌埠市九华油脂有限公司 | One kind obtains low cigarette beans oil treatment process |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103194309A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-07-10 | 沈阳农业大学 | Method for preparing corylus avellana-corylus heterophylla fisch hybrid hazelnut oil by aqueous enzymatic method |
| CN103351944A (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2013-10-16 | 石河子市天成油脂有限公司 | Method for extracting grape seed oil by cold pressing |
| CN103351944B (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2015-06-10 | 石河子市天成油脂有限公司 | Method for extracting grape seed oil by cold pressing |
| CN103602515A (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2014-02-26 | 天津国纳科技发展有限公司 | Production technology of grape seed oil for beauty treatment |
| CN104886264A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2015-09-09 | 洛阳春魁农业开发有限公司 | Teenager special dietary peony seed nutritional blend oil |
| CN104886269A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2015-09-09 | 洛阳春魁农业开发有限公司 | Female special dietary peony seed nutritional blend oil |
| CN105331439A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-02-17 | 东北农业大学 | Method for extracting soybean blend oil and compound protein by using aqueous enzymatic method |
| CN107019054A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-08 | 蚌埠市九华油脂有限公司 | One kind obtains low cigarette beans oil treatment process |
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