CN102418997A

CN102418997A - Combustion method and device for pulverized coal hot air furnace

Info

Publication number: CN102418997A
Application number: CN2011103772147A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 舒瑞
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-11-24
Filing date: 2011-11-24
Publication date: 2012-04-18

Abstract

The invention relates to a combustion method and a combustion device for a pulverized coal hot air furnace. The method comprises the following steps of: simultaneously introducing gas and air into a gas burner, igniting the gas and heating a pulverized coal combustor to the temperature of more than 800 DEG C; feeding pulverized coal with the granularity of 180 meshes into the pulverized coal combustor, igniting the pulverized coal and continuously combusting the pulverized coal in the pulverized coal combustor; raising the temperature of an inner cavity of the pulverized coal combustor to be between 1,000 and 1,350 DEG C, injecting flames into a combustion chamber through a flame outlet of the pulverized coal combustor, and supplying the air through a secondary air inlet for full combustion; exhausting the burned fine particles which are carried by high-temperature hot air through an outlet of the combustion chamber, making the air pass through an adjustable air inlet, and making backflow flue gas pass through a backflow flue gas inlet and rotate and rise in an air sleeve from the lower part of an outer sleeve; and recovering waste heat, arranging a natural mixed air pipe and introducing the air in the center of high-temperature flue gas for mixing, and conveying the hot air to users through a hot air furnace outlet when the hot air is adjusted to the needed temperature. The invention has the characteristics that: the cost is reduced by utilizing low-price coal and brown coal, the combustion chamber and a mixed air chamber are mixed into a whole, the pulverized coal is fully combusted, carbon residues are about 1 percent of ash, the thermal efficiency is over 90 percent, and the like.

Description

Pulverized coal hot air furnace combustion method and device

Technical field

The invention belongs to the hot-blast stove technical field, particularly relate to fine coal Combustion of Hot Air Furnace method and device.

Background technology

At present, coal-fired hot-blast stove has several kinds of modes both at home and abroad, and a kind of is that fixed grate formula hot-blast stove is applicable to miniaturization, simple in structure; But fuel is used high-quality lump coal, and price is high, and is artificial handwarmer, inapplicable maximization; Soot emissions are black, and pollution is arranged, and the thermal efficiency has only 60%; Carbon residue 20% in the ash, needs back compounding air compartment, just can adjust to needed temperature; Second kind is the chain-arranged type coal-fired hot-blast stove, and advantage is miniaturization, maximizing all is suitable for, and can burn raw coal, and the thermal efficiency reaches 70%; Carbon residue about 10% in the ash, and smoke abatement and dust control is better, and the flue dust lingemann blackness can reach the 0-1 level, needs back compounding air compartment; Heat waste increases, and lowers efficiency, and floor space is big, and using coal is the above calorific values of two types of bituminous coal 4300 kilocalories; Can not burn low-order coal, brown coal, because calorific value is low, water content about 30%; The third is the coal dust firing hot-blast stove, is the coal nozzle by several kinds of forms, the mixture of air and coal dust is sprayed in the hot-blast stove burn, and advantage is that burning of coal is abundant; Good energy-conserving effect, carbon residue is below 4% in the ash, and shortcoming is that ature of coal requires height; Generally more than 5500 kilocalories, the Combustion of Hot Air Furnace chamber needs with oil or other fuel in advance; Be preheating to certain temperature, can spray people's coal dust and burn, the combustion chamber requires volume huge; Establish wind mixed chamber after needing, just can adjust to needed temperature, can not burn low-order coal, brown coal.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention provides and utilizes coal, brown coal at a low price to the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, reduces cost; Combustion chamber and wind mixed chamber are one; Coal dust firing is abundant, and carbon residue about 1% in the ash, and the thermal efficiency reaches a kind of pulverized coal hot air furnace combustion method and the device more than 90%.

For this purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A kind of pulverized coal hot air furnace combustion method the steps include: that coal gas and air get into coal gas burner simultaneously, and coal gas is lighted the back coal burner is heated to more than 800 ℃; Beginning is by 180 order coal dusts inputs coal burner, coal dust lighted and in coal burner continuous burning, coal gas is supplied with the coal burner heat always; Cavity temperature reaches 1000-1350 ℃ in the coal burner, and flame sprays into the combustion chamber through the flame export of coal burner, is fully burnt by the overfiren air port air feed; Carried through the combustor exit discharge by high-temperature hot-air through burning back fine particle, air is through the adjustable air inlet, and the backflow flue gas is through the backflow smoke inlet; Get into air jacket rotation rising from the bottom of overcoat; Recovery waste heat simultaneously when air and backflow flue gas rise to mixing chamber and the high-temperature hot-air blending of combustor exit, is provided with the bubbling air blending at the high-temperature flue gas center of nature mixing wind tube; When hot blast is transferred to needed temperature (temperature is 80 ℃-800 ℃), flow to the user through the hot-blast stove outlet.

A kind of pulverized coal hot air furnace burner, it is made up of coal burner, combustion chamber, mixing chamber, and described coal burner periphery is disposed with heat-insulation layer, inner chamber, flame retardant coating; Its side has coal dust air distribution inlet, fire hole, coal powder entrance, is provided with coal gas burner in the coal burner rear end, and described coal gas burner is that front end is coal gas air distribution inlet; The side is provided with gas entry; Guide plate and gas burner outlet are one, and the coal burner flame export is connected with the combustion chamber, and it is up and down cone for described combustion chamber; Lower cone is provided with ash port, grey cooling air hole, slag remover; Upper cone is provided with combustor exit, and is connected as a single entity with mixing chamber, and the upper cone top is the hot-blast stove outlet.

Be provided with air jacket between described combustion outer case and the refractory wall, overcoat and air jacket side set gradually backflow smoke inlet, adjustable air inlet, and the bottom is provided with slide hawk and cleaning door.

Side, described combustion chamber is provided with peep hole and overfiren air port successively.

Between the hot-blast stove outlet of described combustion chamber and the mixing chamber nature mixing wind tube is set.

The present invention has following characteristics: 1, coal burner is not an existing coal nozzle on the market, but a fluid combustion chamber, coal dust exports from entering the mouth to and has burnt more than 90%.Spray into the further after-flame in combustion chamber; The carbon residue of ash content is about 1%; Efficiency of combustion is more than 95%, owing to be furnished with the burner of producer gas, the coal gas continuous burning has guaranteed the condition of high temperature that is in of burner; So can burn moisture content 30%, calorific value in the low-order coal of 2400 kilocalories-3500 kilocalorie, reduce cost.2, combustion chamber and wind mixed chamber are integrated, reduce floor space, and be rational in infrastructure, compact; The combustion chamber refractory material is not easy to crack, even cracking phenomena is arranged, does not influence efficient yet; More do not influence use, the waste heat of combustion chamber is all recycled, and the thermal efficiency is more than 90%.3, the native system method is reliable, and is easy to operate, is prone to realize Automatic Control, pollution-free.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a coal burner structural representation of the present invention.

Label among the figure: 1. mixing chamber, 2. air jacket, 3. peep hole, 4. overfiren air port, 5. coal burner, 6. gas entry; 7. coal gas burner, 8. coal gas air distribution inlet, 9. gas burner outlet, 10. fire hole, 11. coal powder entrances, 12. coal dust air distributions inlet; 13. ash port, 14. slag removers, 15. grey cooling air holes, 16. slide hawks, 17. cleaning doors, 18. refractory walls; 19. the adjustable air inlet, 20. combustion chambers, 21. backflow smoke inlets, 22. overcoats, 23. combustor exits, 24. natural mixing wind tubes; 25. the hot-blast stove outlet, 26. guide plates, 27. flame retardant coatings, 28. heat-insulation layers, 29. inner chambers, 30. coal burner flame exports.

The specific embodiment

By the coal gas process gas entry 6 that gas generator produces, the air that air blast produces gets into coal gas burner 7 simultaneously through coal gas air distribution inlet 8; Coal gas is heated to more than 800 ℃ coal burner 5 after fire hole 10 is lighted, and beginning is milled to 180 order coal dusts to coal by coal-grinding and powder-spraying machine, through coal powder entrance 11 input coal burners 5; Coal dust lighted and in coal burner 5 continuous burning, coal gas is supplied with coal burner 5 heats always, high wind injects through coal dust air distribution inlet 12; Guaranteed the condition of coal coal dust continuous burning at a low price, the heat of gas-fired simultaneously also is fully utilized, and under coal gas burner 6 and coal burner 5 actings in conjunction, makes coal gas, air, coal dust rotation; Fully mixed combustion has prolonged the time of burning, makes coal dust obtain sufficient burning; Its coal dust has burnt more than 90% from coal powder entrance 11 to coal burner flame export 30, and coal burner 5 inner chambers 29 temperature reach 1000-1350 ℃, and flame sprays into combustion chamber 20 through the flame export 30 of coal burner 5; Fully burn by overfiren air port 4 air feeds, make it the carbon residue after-flame, through the dust after the burning; Fine particle is carried through combustor exit 23 by high-temperature hot-air and discharges, and air is through adjustable air inlet 19, and backflow flue gas (being the flue gas that has heat by the tail gas recycle of drying kiln) is through backflow smoke inlet 21; Get into air jacket 2 rotations from the bottom of overcoat 22 and rise, the outer surface of refractory wall 18 is cooled off recovery waste heat; When air and backflow flue gas rise to mixing chamber 1 and the high-temperature hot-air blending of combustor exit 23, nature mixing wind tube 24 bubbling air blending at the high-temperature flue gas center is set, when hot blast is transferred to the needed temperature of user through adjustable air inlet 19 (temperature is 80 ℃-800 ℃); As dry the fertile temperature of compound and be transferred to 180 ℃; Oven dry brown coal temperature is transferred to 320 ℃, flows to the user through hot-blast stove outlet 25, falls 20 lower cones bottom, combustion chamber than coarse granule; After the cooling of grey cooling air hole 15 air feeds; Discharge ash through ash port 13 and slag remover 14, the carbon residue amount about 1% of ash, its efficiency of combustion is more than 95%.

A kind of pulverized coal hot air furnace burner, it is located in 20 bottoms, combustion chamber by coal burner 5, and combustion chamber 20 is an one with mixing chamber 1; Described coal burner 5 peripheries are disposed with heat-insulation layer 28, inner chamber 29, flame retardant coating 27, and its side has coal dust air distribution inlet 12, fire hole 10, coal powder entrance 11, is provided with coal gas burner 7 in coal burner 5 rear ends; Described coal gas burner 7 is that front end is coal gas air distribution inlet 8, and the side is provided with gas entry 6, and guide plate 26 is an one with gas burner outlet 9; The flame export 30 of coal burner 5 is connected with combustion chamber 20; It is up and down cone for described combustion chamber 20, and lower cone is provided with ash port 13, grey cooling air hole 15, slag remover 14, and upper cone is provided with combustor exit 23; And be connected as a single entity with mixing chamber 1, the upper cone top is hot-blast stove outlet 25.

Be provided with air jacket 2 between the overcoat 22 of described combustion chamber 20 and the refractory wall 18, overcoat 22 sets gradually backflow smoke inlet 21, adjustable air inlet 19 with air jacket 2 sides, and the bottom is provided with slide hawk 16 and cleaning door 17.

20 sides, described combustion chamber are provided with peep hole 3 and overfiren air port 4 successively.

Inhomogeneous in order to prevent the intrafascicular heart blending of high-temperature hot-air wind, between hot-blast stove outlet 25 and mixing chamber 1, nature mixing wind tube 24 is set, air directly gets into the intrafascicular heart blending of high temperature wind.

Claims

1. pulverized coal hot air furnace combustion method, it is characterized in that: coal gas and air get into coal gas burner simultaneously, and coal gas is lighted the back coal burner is heated to more than 800 ℃; Beginning is by 180 order coal dusts inputs coal burner, coal dust lighted and in coal burner continuous burning, coal gas is supplied with the coal burner heat always; Cavity temperature reaches 1000-1350 ℃ in the coal burner; Flame sprays into the combustion chamber through the flame export of coal burner, is fully burnt by the overfiren air port air feed, is carried through combustor exit by high-temperature hot-air through burning back fine particle and discharges; Air is through the adjustable air inlet; The backflow flue gas rises from the bottom entering air jacket rotation of overcoat, simultaneously recovery waste heat through the backflow smoke inlet; When air and backflow flue gas rise to mixing chamber and the high-temperature hot-air blending of combustor exit; The bubbling air blending at the high-temperature flue gas center of nature mixing wind tube is set, when hot blast is transferred to needed temperature (temperature is 80 ℃-800 ℃), flows to the user through the hot-blast stove outlet.

2. pulverized coal hot air furnace burner, it is characterized in that: it is made up of coal burner, combustion chamber, mixing chamber, and described coal burner periphery is disposed with heat-insulation layer, inner chamber, flame retardant coating; Its side has coal dust air distribution inlet, fire hole, coal powder entrance, is provided with coal gas burner in the coal burner rear end, and described coal gas burner is that front end is coal gas air distribution inlet; The side is provided with gas entry; Guide plate and gas burner outlet are one, and the coal burner flame export is connected with the combustion chamber, and it is up and down cone for described combustion chamber; Lower cone is provided with ash port, grey cooling air hole, slag remover; Upper cone is provided with combustor exit, and is connected as a single entity with mixing chamber, and the upper cone top is the hot-blast stove outlet.

3. a kind of pulverized coal hot air furnace burner as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that: be provided with air jacket between the overcoat of combustion chamber and the refractory wall; Overcoat and air jacket side set gradually backflow smoke inlet, adjustable air inlet, and the bottom is provided with slide hawk and cleaning door.

4. a kind of pulverized coal hot air furnace burner as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the side, combustion chamber is provided with peep hole and overfiren air port successively.

5. a kind of pulverized coal hot air furnace burner as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: between the hot-blast stove outlet of combustion chamber and the mixing chamber nature mixing wind tube is set.