CN106322362A - Biomass combustor and biomass fuel combustion method - Google Patents
Biomass combustor and biomass fuel combustion method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106322362A CN106322362A CN201610790856.2A CN201610790856A CN106322362A CN 106322362 A CN106322362 A CN 106322362A CN 201610790856 A CN201610790856 A CN 201610790856A CN 106322362 A CN106322362 A CN 106322362A
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- Prior art keywords
- biomass
- combustion
- blower fan
- combustion furnace
- biomass fuel
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B60/00—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel burns essentially without moving
- F23B60/02—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel burns essentially without moving with combustion air supplied through a grate
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B90/00—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
- F23B90/04—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion
- F23B90/06—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion the primary combustion being a gasification or pyrolysis in a reductive atmosphere
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K3/02—Pneumatic feeding arrangements, i.e. by air blast
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
Abstract
The invention discloses a biomass combustor and a biomass fuel combustion method using the combustor. The biomass combustor comprises a combustion furnace, a steam boiler type furnace cover, a gas mixing and conveying component, a temperature sensor and a control device, wherein the steam boiler type furnace cover is arranged on the combustion furnace; the water is contained in the steam boiler type furnace cover; steam is generated when combusting the biomass fuel; the gas mixing and conveying component is used for mixing the steam in the steam boiler type furnace cover with the outside air and then conveying the mixed gas into the combustion furnace; the temperature sensor is located in a biomass fuel storage area of a grate; the control device is used for controlling the mixing ratio of the steam and the outside air and the conveying wind power of the gas mixing and conveying component according to the temperature acquired by the temperature sensor. The biomass combustor is capable of effectively controlling the problem of combustion of the combustion furnace and preventing the biomass fuel from coking.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of combustion technology, particularly to a kind of biomass combustion machine and use this biomass combustion machine
The combustion method of biomass fuel.
Background technology
In world's energy consumption, biomass energy accounts for 14%, accounts for more than 60% in under-developed area.The whole world there are about 2,500,000,000
The 90% of the domestic energy of people is above biomass energy.
The advantage of biomass energy be easy to burning, pollute little, ash is relatively low, its shortcoming is mainly calorific value and the thermal efficiency is low,
And volume is big and is difficult to transport.Directly the thermal efficiency of biomass burning is only 10%～30%.
At present, countries in the world are just being adopted and are being utilized biomass energy with the following method:
1, thermochemical conversion method.
Main by energy products of high grade such as the method acquisition Linesless charcoal, tar and fuel gas.The method is by its heat
The method of processing is different, is divided into high-temperature retorting, pyrolysis, biomass liquefying etc..
2, biochemical transformations method.
The method is primarily referred to as biomass under the Fermentation of microorganism, forms methane, ethanol equal energy source product.
3, utilize bio oil produced by oilseed plant as fuel.
4, biomass compression molding fuel (such as block-type, rod-type fuel element), with focus utilization and the raising thermal efficiency.
The important energy source that the biomass energy always mankind depend on for existence, it be only second to coal, oil and natural gas and occupy
In the energy of world energy sources total quantity consumed the 4th, in whole energy resource system, occupy critical role.Relevant expert estimates, biological
Mass-energy very likely becomes the ingredient of following sustainable energy system, to mid-21st Century, and each of production of employing new technology
Plant biomass substitute fuel and will account for more than the 40% of whole world total energy consumption.
Fig. 1 shows the structure of a kind of existing biomass combustion furnace.In this combustion furnace, at burner hearth 91 basis rest grate
92；Biomass fuel enters burner hearth 91 from feed pipe 93, is placed on grate 92；The bottom that described burner hearth 91 is positioned at grate 92 is opened
If air inlet 94, air is blown into burner hearth 91 with the combustion being opposite to grate 92 from air inlet 94 by blower fan (not shown)
The biomass fuel burnt is combustion-supporting；Burner hearth 91 top is covered by top cover 95, and sidewall opening on burner hearth 91 top also installs burner
96, the flame in burner hearth sprays from burner 96, can install further blower fan (not shown) burner 96 is blown with
At burner 96 the most combustion-supporting.
Although, biomass fuel has very important effect in energy resource system, but its combustion thermal efficiency is low, and
There is the problems such as pollution, and the combustor of existing biomass fuel and combustion process method there is also a lot of deficiency, such as:
1, fuel tolerance is poor: only adapt to ash low, and the Wooden Biomass fuel that ash fusion point is high；
2, the feature of biomass fuel makes fire grate be prone to coking, is easily deformed and even burns.
3, biomass fuel makes burner hearth be prone to coking, easily burns.
5, due to the existence of coking problem so that burner hearth air intake passage is seriously obstructed and runner skewness, serious shadow
Ring combustion efficiency.
6, burner hearth top cover easily bursts apart, caves in.
Therefore, for combustion system, need to improve and promote.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of biomass combustion machine and uses the biomass fuel of this biomass combustion machine
Combustion method, to prevent coking when biomass fuel burns in combustion furnace from occurring.
The technical scheme is that and be achieved in that:
A kind of biomass combustion machine, including:
Combustion furnace, equipped with grate in described combustion furnace, biomass fuel is positioned on described grate burning；
Steam kettle type bell, described steam kettle type bell is placed on described combustion furnace, and in be filled with water, at described biomass fuel
Water vapour is produced during material burning；
Gas blending transportation assembly, described gas blending transportation assembly includes the first blower fan, described gas blending transportation group
Part connects the bottom of grate in described steam kettle type bell, outside air and combustion furnace, to be steamed by the water in steam kettle type bell
It is delivered in described combustion furnace after vapour and outside air mixing；
Temperature sensor, described temperature sensor is positioned at the biomass fuel rest area on described grate；
Controlling device, described control device is electrically connected to described temperature sensor and described first blower fan, with according to described
The temperature that temperature sensor is gathered, controls the wind-force of described first blower fan conveying and controls described gas blending transportation assembly
To water vapour and the mixed proportion of outside air.
Further, described gas blending transportation assembly includes vapor communication pipe, gas mixing tube, combustion furnace communicating pipe, steaming
Steam control valve, air control valve and the first blower fan；Wherein,
Described first blower fan outlet side is by being communicated to the bottom of grate in described combustion furnace described combustion furnace communicating pipe；
Described gas mixing tube is communicated between inlet end and the air control valve of described first blower fan, and by described sky
Controlled atmosphere joint valve is communicated in outside air；
One end of described vapor communication pipe is communicated in described steam kettle type bell, and the other end of described vapor communication pipe passes through
Described steam control valve is communicated in described gas mixing tube one end near described air control valve.
Further, described biomass combustion machine also includes feed bin, wind stopping device, the second blower fan and feed pipe；Wherein,
Biomass fuel deposited by described feed bin for temporarily；
Described wind stopping device is positioned at the bottom of described feed bin, and is communicated to biomass in described combustion furnace by described feed pipe
The top of fuel rest area；
The outlet side of described second blower fan is connected to described feed pipe one end near described wind stopping device, described second blower fan
Inlet end be communicated in outside air.
Further, described biomass combustion machine also includes:
Whirlwind grid, described whirlwind grid is positioned at the bottom of grate in described combustion furnace, described gas blending transportation assembly
It is communicated to described whirlwind grid.
Further, described biomass combustion machine also includes:
Burner, described burner is installed on the sidewall of described combustion furnace, and near described steam kettle type bell, described combustion
Burn stove at the side-walls opening installing described burner so that the flame in described combustion furnace enters described combustion by described opening
Burner also sprays from described burner.
Further, described biomass combustion machine also includes the 3rd blower fan and burner communicating pipe；Wherein,
The outlet side of described 3rd blower fan by being communicated in described burner described burner communicating pipe, described 3rd blower fan
Inlet end connection outside air.
Further, described furnace wall of combustion furnace is refractory insulating layer.
Further, the furnace wall of described combustion furnace is provided with fire door.
Present invention also offers the combustion method of a kind of biomass fuel, described method includes:
Biomass fuel is placed on the described grate in described combustion furnace；
Inject water in described steam kettle type bell；
Light described biomass fuel, and monitor the temperature of described biomass fuel rest area；
When the temperature of described biomass fuel rest area is higher than predetermined threshold value, by the water vapour in steam kettle type bell and
It is delivered in described combustion furnace after outside air mixing, so that the temperature of described biomass fuel rest area is less than this default threshold
Value.
Further, described predetermined threshold value is 900 DEG C.
The advantage of the biomass combustion machine of the present invention and the combustion method of biomass fuel is:
Providing novel steam kettle type bell, this steam kettle type bell constantly feeds and evaporation due to water, though warm
Spending the highest bottom and also obtain dynamic equilibrium at about 100 DEG C, the high temperature that also can stand bottom flame with common carbon steel is made
With, compared with traditional fire-resistant bell, make simple, use reliable, will not burst apart, collapse, and, the steam of generation is just
Temperature regulation for the first combustion zone；The measurement and control of temperature of the first combustion zone and regulation, it is ensured that during biomass fuel combustion
The temperature of one combustion zone is less than the ash fusion point of fuel, therefore, does not results in the softening of burning ashes and melts, so, Bu Huijie
Burnt；Due to will not coking, so the air feed of the first combustion zone remains unimpeded, combustor burning can be very steady, and effect is also
The best, and remove ashes and also become very easy；Introducing and the enforcement of temperature control measure due to steam so that grate
Fault rate reduces, and the life-span is greatly improved, and, the life-span of furnace wall refractory insulating layer also can be greatly improved；Open by controlling device
Dynamic to the collection of temperature sensor signal and to the first blower fan, the second blower fan, the 3rd blower fan, wind stopping device, air control valve, steam
Regulation valve controls to adjust accordingly, can reach preferable combustion efficiency；Owing to solving coking problem so that the present invention
Embodiment is suitable for all of biomass fuel, and solving traditional combustion machine, only to adapt to ash low, and high wooden of ash fusion point
A difficult problem for biomass fuel.The present invention has, to herbaceous biomass fuel, the ability of well adapting to, for biomass clean fuel
Application opens wide space.The embodiment of the present invention, burning subregion is reasonable, combustion process clean environment firendly, and equipment is installed
Debugging is simple, and process is simple and reliable, low cost of manufacture.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of existing biomass combustion furnace；
Fig. 2 is the example structure schematic diagram of the biomass combustion machine of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the combustion method embodiment flow chart of the biomass fuel of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, develop simultaneously embodiment referring to the drawings,
The present invention is described in further detail.
As in figure 2 it is shown, the biomass combustion machine embodiment of the present invention includes that combustion furnace 1, steam kettle type bell 2, gas mix
Close conveying assembly 3, temperature sensor 4 and control device (not shown).Wherein, equipped with grate 11 in described combustion furnace, raw
Biomass fuel is positioned on described grate 11 burning.Described steam kettle type bell 2 is placed on described combustion furnace 1, and in be filled with water,
Water vapour is produced during described biomass fuel combustion.Described gas blending transportation assembly 3 connects described steam kettle type bell 2, outer
The bottom of grate 11 in boundary's air and combustion furnace 1, to carry after the water vapour in steam kettle type bell 2 and outside air being mixed
To described combustion furnace 1.Described temperature sensor 4 is positioned at the biomass fuel rest area on described grate.Described control device
(not shown) is electrically connected to described temperature sensor 4 and gas blending transportation assembly 3, with according to described temperature sensor 4
The temperature gathered, controls described gas blending transportation assembly 3 and to water vapour and the mixed proportion of outside air and carries wind
Power.
Specifically, described gas blending transportation assembly 3 includes vapor communication pipe 31, gas mixing tube 32, combustion furnace connection
Pipe 33, steam control valve 34, air control valve 35 and the first blower fan 36.Wherein, institute is passed through in the outlet side of described first blower fan 36
State and be communicated to the bottom of grate 11 in described combustion furnace 1 combustion furnace communicating pipe 33.Described gas mixing tube 32 is communicated in described
Between inlet end and the air control valve 35 of one blower fan 36, and it is communicated in outside air by described air control valve 35.Described
One end of vapor communication pipe 31 is communicated in described steam kettle type bell 2, and the other end of described vapor communication pipe 31 is by described steaming
Steam control valve 34 is communicated in described gas mixing tube 32 one end near described air control valve 35.And then, can be steamed by regulation
Steam control valve 34 and the size of air control valve 35 and control air and the mixed proportion of water vapour in gas mixing tube 32, and then
By the first blower fan 36, the mixed air with water vapour is blown into the bottom of grate 11 in combustion furnace 1, thus carry
Aflame biomass fuel can be lowered the temperature by the mixed gas of water vapour, prevents the coking of biomass fuel.
In an embodiment of the present invention, still further comprise water inlet pipe 21, overflow pipe 22, ball-cock assembly 23 and steam to overflow
Mouth 24.Wherein, water inlet pipe 21 and overflow pipe 22 are communicated in steam kettle type bell 2, and the effect of water inlet pipe 21 is to steam kettle
Water filling in type bell 2, and the effect of overflow pipe 22 is to be got rid of by water unnecessary in steam kettle type bell 2, ball-cock assembly 23 is installed
At the water inlet pipe 21 in steam kettle type bell 2, with opening according to the water lev el control water inlet pipe 21 in steam kettle type bell 2
Close.Steam overfall 24 is opened in the top of steam kettle type bell 2, in order to discharge the water vapour in steam kettle type bell 2, prevents
The rising of steam kettle type bell 2 internal gas pressure.
In the more prioritization scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, described biomass combustion machine also include feed bin 51, wind stopping device 52,
Two blower fans 53 and feed pipe 54.Wherein, biomass fuel deposited by described feed bin 51 for temporarily.Described wind stopping device 52 is positioned at described
The bottom of feed bin 51, and it is communicated to the top of biomass fuel rest area in described combustion furnace 1 by described feed pipe 54.Described
The outlet side of the second blower fan 53 is connected to described feed pipe 54 one end near described wind stopping device 52, entering of described second blower fan 53
Gas end is communicated in outside air.Described control device can be electrically connected to wind stopping device 52 and the second blower fan 53 further, to control
State the blanking of biomass fuel, and by controlling the second blower fan 53 and then by feed pipe 54 biomass fuel in combustion furnace 1
The top air-supply of rest area.
It addition, the biomass combustion machine of the embodiment of the present invention also includes that whirlwind grid 12, described whirlwind grid 12 are positioned at institute
Stating the bottom of grate 11 in combustion furnace 1, described gas blending transportation assembly is communicated to described whirlwind grid 11.Thus, with water
The mixed gas of steam, in described combustion furnace 1, is that the biomass fuel being delivered up to grate 11 from whirlwind grid 11 is put
Put district, so can make the mixed gas with water vapour can be evenly into described biomass fuel rest area.
It addition, in order to make biomass fuel fully burn to obtain more heat energy, in the embodiment of the present invention, described
Biomass combustion machine also includes that burner 13, described burner 13 are installed on the sidewall of described combustion furnace 1, and near described steam
Pot type bell 2, the side-walls opening of described burner 13 is being installed in described combustion furnace 1 so that the flame in described combustion furnace 1 leads to
Cross described opening enter described burner 13 and spray from described burner.
With described burner 13, described biomass combustion machine also includes the 3rd blower fan 14 and burner communicating pipe 15.Its
In, the outlet side of described 3rd blower fan 14 is by being communicated in described burner 13, described 3rd wind described burner communicating pipe 15
The inlet end connection outside air of machine 14.So, when by the 3rd blower fan 14 to burner 13 air blast, can be to burner 13
The flame divided plays combustion-supporting effect.Meanwhile, described control device can be electrically connected to the 3rd blower fan 14 further, to control the 3rd wind
Machine 14 and then by blowing to described burner 13 described burner communicating pipe 15.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the furnace wall 16 of described combustion furnace 1 is refractory insulating layer.It addition, the furnace wall of described combustion furnace 1
16 are additionally provided with fire door 17 (such as dotted line frame in Fig. 2), in order to topple over residue and clean burner hearth.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides the combustion method of a kind of biomass fuel, uses biomass combustion as introduced above
Machine, as it is shown on figure 3, the method includes:
On step 1, described grate biomass fuel being placed in described combustion furnace；
Step 2, inject water in described steam kettle type bell；
Step 3, light described biomass fuel, and monitor the temperature of described biomass fuel rest area；
Step 4, when described biomass fuel rest area temperature higher than predetermined threshold value time, by the water in steam kettle type bell
It is delivered in described combustion furnace after steam and outside air mixing, so that the temperature of described biomass fuel rest area is less than being somebody's turn to do
Predetermined threshold value.
In above-mentioned steps, the execution sequence of step 1 and step 2 is commutative, i.e. can also first carry out step 2 and carry out step again
1。
The execution process of above-mentioned steps 1, is that biomass fuel is first poured into feed bin 51, afterwards by controlling device to closing wind
The control of device 52 so that biomass fuel enters combustion furnace 1 through feed pipe 54, and then falls into the biomass fuel on grate 11
Rest area.
Above-mentioned steps 3 and step 4 are the temperature by controlling device Real-time Collection temperature sensor 4, and then synthetically control
Steam control valve 34 processed, air control valve the 35, first blower fan the 36, second blower fan 53 and the action of the 3rd blower fan 14 so that be positioned at
Biomass fuel in combustion furnace 1 can burn fully and avoid coking.
The following is the explanation further to the embodiment of the present invention.
First biomass fuel is put into feed bin 51 stand-by.Steam kettle type bell 2 water filling is (the most excessive to the water level of regulation
The height of overflow pipe 22).By controlling device, steam control valve 34 and air control valve 35 are adjusted to maximum opening.
Start wind stopping device 52 by controlling device, make biomass fuel through feed pipe 54, enter in the cavity of combustion furnace 1
On grate 11.
Open fire door 17, with ignition material shots biomass-burning fuel, and close fire door 17.
By control device start the collection to the signal of temperature sensor 4 and and to first blower fan the 36, second blower fan 53,
3rd blower fan 14, feed bin 51 and wind stopping device, steam control valve 34 and air control valve 35 control to adjust accordingly.In burning
Biomass fuel rest area in stove 1 forms the first combustion zone, forms the second combustion above the first combustion zone in combustion furnace 1
Burn district's (near feed pipe 54 opening), go out interruption-forming the 3rd combustion zone at burner 13.
Along with constantly carrying out of burning, the first combustion zone, the second combustion zone, the temperature of the 3rd combustion zone raise rapidly.Steam
Water evaporation rate in steam-boiler type bell 2 is accelerated, and then, the air being mixed with a certain amount of steam passes through the first blower fan 36,
The first combustion zone is entered through combustion furnace communicating pipe 33, whirlwind grid 12, grate 11.When the temperature of the first combustion zone is less than presetting threshold
During value, air control valve 35 aperture is increased by control device, steam control valve 34 aperture is reduced, increase by the first wind simultaneously
The frequency of machine 36 so that the temperature of the first combustion zone rises.When the temperature of primary combustion zone is higher than predetermined threshold value, by controlling
Air control valve 35 aperture is reduced, steam control valve 34 aperture is increased by device, reduces the frequency of the first blower fan 36 simultaneously, makes
The temperature obtaining the first combustion zone declines.
When the steam spill-out of steam overfall 24 is the biggest, by controlling device by suitable for the frequency of the second blower fan 53
Reduce, the frequency of the 3rd blower fan 14 is suitably increased simultaneously, and then the heat being sent to steam kettle type bell 2 can be reduced, reduce
The generation of water vapour.Preferably, described predetermined threshold value is 900 DEG C.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first blower fan 36 import is the mixed gas of air and steam, the first combustion zone anti-
Should be as follows:
2C+O2=2CO
C+H2O=CO+H2
Above grate 11, biomass fuel region forms combustion gasification (pyrolysis) region, the i.e. first combustion zone, the first combustion
Burning district and produce for the purpose of biological fuel gas by biomass pyrolytic, burning mainly provides the condition of pyrolysis, and temperature controls at 900 DEG C
The most a certain scope, and then guarantee the temperature ash fusion point less than used biological material of the first combustion zone, it is to avoid ash melts
Melt formation coking.First blower fan can be power be the high pressure positive blower of 750 watts, by Frequency Converter Control, according to how many tune of fuel
Saving suitable air quantity, steam is all transported to primary combustion zone, to regulate the ratio of air and steam according to actual needs
Example, such as the ratio of adjustment air and steam is 10:1.
And for traditional combustion furnace (such as shown in Fig. 1), the air that blower fan blows into does not contains water vapour, at grate
The chemical reaction that fuel bed on son occurs is as follows:
C+O2=CO2
2C+O2=2CO
And then make traditional combustion furnace temperature exceed the fusing point of alkali metal oxide, cause alkali metal oxide to melt, shape
Become the thickness vitreous body of molten, be called for short coking.The composition of biomass fuel includes charcoal, organic volatile matter, water, burning
Thing, wherein charcoal and organic volatile matter are the most oxidized, produce carbon dioxide and water, and discharge heat energy, remaining
Metal-oxide is ash.
The embodiment of the present invention is additionally arranged temperature sensor and controls device, and then can ensure that the temperature of the first combustion zone controls
A certain scope below 900 DEG C, such as, in the range of 800 DEG C-850 DEG C, to guarantee that the ash in biomass fuel does not melts, keep away
Exempt from coking.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the material in the second combustion zone burning is CO and H2, the reaction of the second combustion zone is as follows:
2CO+O2=2CO2
2H2+O2=2H2O
And the mainly CO that traditional combustion stove burns in the second combustion zone:
2CO+O2=2CO2
In the embodiment of the present invention, the second combustion zone temperature is less than 900 DEG C, and main cause has two:
One: 2H2+O2=2H2O
Its two: the continuous evaporation endothermic of water in steam kettle type bell 2, serve reduction and stablize the second combustion zone temperature
Function.The addition having hydrogen in second combustion zone is to react due to the addition of steam to get, and the second combustion zone is combustion furnace
A part for interior continuous-stable burning, the second blower fan air intake mainly prevents fuel from burning in feeding warehouse.
In the embodiment of the present invention, steam kettle type bell 2 produces steam, and for the first combustion zone, temperature is substantially close to water
Boiling point；And bell is unlikely to deform and ftractures.And tradition bell mostly is refractory material, poor thermal conductivity, calorific intensity is poor, and temperature is basic
At about 1200 DEG C, it is easily damaged.
In the embodiment of the present invention, due to the fuel storage area noncoking on grate in the first combustion zone, therefore First air (
One blower fan blows) can consistent pass through fuel bed, make stove burning highly stable.
In order to be more fully understood that the present invention, the present invention also provides for the enforcement of the combustion method of a kind of biomass fuel such as
Under:
As the firing equipment of external-heat (dry distillation type) biomass carbonizing furnace, it is heated to 400 to the 650 suitable temperature of degree,
Ensure that the pyrolytic reaction of biomass is within the scope of stable temperature.
The consumption of biomass fuel about 200 kgs/hr per hour.The ratio of water vapour and outside air is 1:6.First
The concrete frequency of blower fan, the second blower fan and the 3rd blower fan is respectively 20Hz, 30Hz and 35Hz, primary combustion zone, intermediate zone
Being respectively 800 ± 50 DEG C, 950 ± 50 DEG C and 1050 ± 50 DEG C with the actual temp of three combustion zones, the heat finally produced is about
Be 600,000 kilocalories/hour, and do not find coking phenomenon.
The advantage of the biomass combustion machine of the embodiment of the present invention and the combustion method of biomass fuel is:
Providing novel steam kettle type bell, this steam kettle type bell constantly feeds and evaporation due to water, though warm
Spending the highest bottom and also obtain dynamic equilibrium at about 100 DEG C, the high temperature that also can stand bottom flame with common carbon steel is made
With, compared with traditional fire-resistant bell, make simple, use reliable, will not burst apart, collapse, and, the steam of generation is just
Temperature regulation for the first combustion zone；The measurement and control of temperature of the first combustion zone and regulation, it is ensured that during biomass fuel combustion
The temperature of one combustion zone is less than the ash fusion point of fuel, therefore, does not results in the softening of burning ashes and melts, so, Bu Huijie
Burnt；Due to will not coking, so the air feed of the first combustion zone remains unimpeded, combustor burning can be very steady, and effect is also
The best, and remove ashes and also become very easy；Introducing and the enforcement of temperature control measure due to steam so that grate
Fault rate reduces, and the life-span is greatly improved, and, the life-span of furnace wall refractory insulating layer also can be greatly improved；Open by controlling device
Dynamic to the collection of temperature sensor signal and to the first blower fan, the second blower fan, the 3rd blower fan, wind stopping device, air control valve, steam
Regulation valve controls to adjust accordingly, can reach preferable combustion efficiency；Owing to solving coking problem so that the present invention
Embodiment is suitable for all of biomass fuel, and solving traditional combustion machine, only to adapt to ash low, and high wooden of ash fusion point
A difficult problem for biomass fuel.The present invention has, to herbaceous biomass fuel, the ability of well adapting to, for biomass clean fuel
Application opens wide space.The embodiment of the present invention, burning subregion is reasonable, combustion process clean environment firendly, and equipment is installed
Debugging is simple, and process is simple and reliable, low cost of manufacture.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Within god and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. done, within should be included in the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a biomass combustion machine, it is characterised in that including:
Combustion furnace, equipped with grate in described combustion furnace, biomass fuel is positioned on described grate burning；
Steam kettle type bell, described steam kettle type bell is placed on described combustion furnace, and in be filled with water, fire at described biomass fuel
Water vapour is produced during burning；
Gas blending transportation assembly, described gas blending transportation assembly includes the first blower fan, and described gas blending transportation assembly is even
The bottom of grate in logical described steam kettle type bell, outside air and combustion furnace, will steam under the effect of described first blower fan
It is delivered in described combustion furnace after water vapour in steam-boiler type bell and outside air mixing；
Temperature sensor, described temperature sensor is positioned at the biomass fuel rest area on described grate；
Controlling device, described control device is electrically connected to described temperature sensor and described first blower fan, with according to described temperature
The temperature that sensor is gathered, controls the wind-force of described first blower fan conveying and controls described gas blending transportation assembly to water
Steam and the mixed proportion of outside air.
Biomass combustion machine the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described gas blending transportation assembly includes vapor communication pipe, gas mixing tube, combustion furnace communicating pipe, steam control valve, sky
Controlled atmosphere joint valve and the first blower fan；Wherein,
Described first blower fan outlet side is by being communicated to the bottom of grate in described combustion furnace described combustion furnace communicating pipe；
Described gas mixing tube is communicated between inlet end and the air control valve of described first blower fan, and is adjusted by described air
Joint valve is communicated in outside air；
One end of described vapor communication pipe is communicated in described steam kettle type bell, and the other end of described vapor communication pipe is by described
Steam control valve is communicated in described gas mixing tube one end near described air control valve.
Biomass combustion machine the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described biomass combustion machine also includes feed bin, wind stopping device, the second blower fan and feed pipe；Wherein,
Biomass fuel deposited by described feed bin for temporarily；
Described wind stopping device is positioned at the bottom of described feed bin, and is communicated to biomass fuel in described combustion furnace by described feed pipe
The top of rest area；
The outlet side of described second blower fan is connected to described feed pipe one end near described wind stopping device, entering of described second blower fan
Gas end is communicated in outside air.
Biomass combustion machine the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described biomass combustion machine also includes:
Whirlwind grid, described whirlwind grid is positioned at the bottom of grate in described combustion furnace, and described gas blending transportation assembly connects
To described whirlwind grid.
Biomass combustion machine the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described biomass combustion machine also includes:
Burner, described burner is installed on the sidewall of described combustion furnace, and near described steam kettle type bell, described combustion furnace
At the side-walls opening installing described burner so that the flame in described combustion furnace enters described burner by described opening
And spray from described burner.
Biomass combustion machine the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:
Described biomass combustion machine also includes the 3rd blower fan and burner communicating pipe；Wherein,
The outlet side of described 3rd blower fan is by being communicated in described burner, entering of described 3rd blower fan described burner communicating pipe
Gas end connection outside air.
Biomass combustion machine the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described furnace wall of combustion furnace is refractory insulating layer.
Biomass combustion machine the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The furnace wall of described combustion furnace is provided with fire door.
9. a combustion method for biomass fuel, uses the biomass combustion machine as described in any one of claim 1 to 8, institute
The method of stating includes:
Biomass fuel is placed on the described grate in described combustion furnace；
Inject water in described steam kettle type bell；
Light described biomass fuel, and monitor the temperature of described biomass fuel rest area；
When the temperature of described biomass fuel rest area is higher than predetermined threshold value, by the water vapour in steam kettle type bell and the external world
It is delivered in described combustion furnace after air mixing, so that the temperature of described biomass fuel rest area is less than this predetermined threshold value.
The combustion method of biomass fuel the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: described predetermined threshold value is 900
℃。
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| CN106322362B (en) | 2018-09-28 |
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